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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Asian Coins| ▸ |Asian Gold||View Options:   | | | |
The list of Kushan rulers and their dates of reign is constantly under review. This coin has a Brahmi inscription "Shaka" in the right field, in the same place where Vasudeva II's coins read "Vasu." It is natural to suppose that perhaps Shaka was the name of the king who issued the coin. There is a mention of one "Devaputra Shahi Shahanshahi Shaka Murunda" in Samudragupta's famous Allahabad inscription, as one of the rulers who paid him homage. In this context, Shaka could be a title, it could refer to a tribe, or it could be a personal name. Robert Göbl did not think Shaka was the name of a ruler; rather, he thought the coins were tribal issues, but Michael Mitchiner and the authors of ANS Kushan think Shaka was a king.SH09060. Gold dinara, Mitchiner ACW 3570, Göbl Kushan 591, ANS Kushan 1670 var. (Brahmi inscriptions), aEF, weight 7.740 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain mint, c. 305 - 335 A.D.; obverse Shaka standing facing, head left wearing nimbus, diadem and conical hat, sacrificing over altar from right hand, filleted staff in left hand, filleted trident to left, Brahmi inscriptions: nothing beside altar, bhri under left arm, Shaka right; reverse goddess Ardoxsho enthroned facing, nimbate, diadem in right hand with ladder like ribbon, cradling cornucopia in left arm, tamgha upper left, blundered Bactrian inscription (mostly off flan as usual); SOLD
India, Gahadavalas of Kanauj, Govindachandra, c. 1114 - 1154 A.D.
SH15703. Gold dinar, Deyell 147, Mitchiner NI 490-496, VF, weight 3.997 g, maximum diameter 20.6 mm, die axis 180o, obverse goddess Lakshmi seated facing; reverse Devanagari legend, lotus below right; SOLD
India, Cholas, Rajaraja Chola, 985 - 1014 A.D.
Rajaraja seized the Karnataka region from the Gangas, and also invaded Sri Lanka in 1001. IS48929. Gold fanam, Mitchiner NI 726 - 728, VF, weight 0.438 g, maximum diameter 8.28 mm, obverse tiger seated upright on left, two fish upright on right, umbrella above, bow far left; reverse "Yuddha Malla" in Nagari; SOLD
India, Cholas, Rajaraja Chola, 985 - 1014 A.D.
Rajaraja seized the Karnataka region from the Gangas, and also invaded Sri Lanka in 1001. IS48930. Gold fanam, Mitchiner NI 726 - 728, VF, weight 0.426 g, maximum diameter 8.1 mm, obverse tiger seated upright on left, two fish upright on right, umbrella above, bow far left; reverse "Yuddha Malla" in Nagari; SOLD
Kushan Kingdom, Taxila Region, Kanishka III, 267 - 270 A.D.
In an inscription discovered in Punjab, Kanishka III is titled Maharaja rajadhiraja Devaputra Kaisara Kanishka ("Great King, King of Kings, Son of God, Caesar, Kanishka), suggesting some awareness of the Roman Empire as Kaisara seems to stand for "Caesar", and names himself as the son of Vajheshka, identified as Kushan ruler Vashishka.
Oesho was represented on the coins of several Kushan kings, one of the titular deities of the dynasty. Nearly all of the images of Oesho are on coins, suggesting his worship was a royal cult, not widely followed by the kings' subjects. The bull, water-pot, and trident became key attributes of Shiva in later Hindu art.SH98717. Gold dinara, ANS Kushan 1645, Göbl Kushan 635, Choice EF, well centered, double struck, weight 7.705 g, maximum diameter 21.5 mm, die axis 0o, probably Taxila mint, 267 - 270 A.D.; obverse Bactrian legend: žAONANOžAOKA NHžKO KOžANO (King of kings, Kanishka Kushan), king standing left, nimbate, wearing diadem, jeweled helmet with earflaps, armor, and sword, sacrificing over small flaming altar to left, trident in left hand, filleted trident to left, Brahmi letters: ga lower left, gho between feet, and hu right; reverse Bactrian legend downward on right: OHžO (Oesho), god Oesho (resembles Shiva) standing facing, one nimbate head, two arms, diadem in right hand, trident in left hand, bull Nandi standing left behind, tamgha upper left; SOLD
Kushan Empire, Vasudeva I, c. 190 - 230 A.D.
Vasudeva I was king when the empire was at it's height of splendor, prosperity and opulence, but he was the last of the "Great Kushans." His rule coincided with the invasion of the Sasanians into northwestern India, and the establishment of the Indo-Sasanians or Kushanshahs in what is today Afghanistan, Pakistan and northwestern India. His capital was probably Mathura in northern India. He was a patron of art and the Mathura school of art prospered under his patronage. By the time of Vasudeva I, the Kushan dynasty had been totally assimilated in Indian culture. He was a Hindu, named after Vasudeva, the father of the Hindu god Krishna. Never again did a Kushan ruler depict a Greek or Zoroastrian deity on coinage, all depicted Oesho-Shiva or Ardoxsho-Laxmi. Most of Vasideva's coins depict Oesho with his bull, Nandi, on reverse. His coinage include a series of gold coins depicting four-armed, three headed Oesho-Shiva with finely engraved details demonstrating the superb die-engraving skills of Kushan period.SP92334. Gold dinara, ANS Kushan 1092, Göbl Kushan 640A, Mitchiner ACW 3395 (Peshawar), VF, light marks, minor flan flaw lower half of reverse, reverses double strike, light earthen deposits, weight 7.890 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 0o, main mint, Bactria (probably Balkh) mint, late phase; obverse Bactrian inscription: žAONANOžAO BAZOΔHO KOžANO (king of kings, Vasudeva Kushan), king standing facing, head left, helmeted, nimbate, armored knee length tunic, trousers, and boots, sword in sheath on belt, sacrificing over altar from right hand, trident over altar, trident in left hand, nandipada in right field; reverse god Oesho (resembles Shiva) standing facing, leaning on bull Nandi standing left, one head, two arms, radiate nimbus, wearing ankle length dhoti, erect lingam, diadem in right hand, trident in raised left hand, tamga upper left, Bactrian legend OHžO upward on right; ex Artemission, London (2005); SOLD
Kushan Kingdom, Vasudeva II, 267 - 300 A.D.
Vasudeva II was a Kushan emperor who ruled c. 267 - 300 A.D. He was probably the successor of Kanishka III and may have been succeeded by a king named Shaka Kushan.
Oesho was represented on the coins of several Kushan kings, one of the titular deities of the dynasty. Nearly all of the images of Oesho are on coins, suggesting his worship was a royal cult, not widely followed by the kings' subjects. The bull, water-pot, and trident became key attributes of Shiva in later Hindu art.SH91975. Gold dinara, ANS Kushan 1650, Göbl Kushan 630, Donum Burns 715, Choice gVF, weight 7.822 g, maximum diameter 22.8 mm, die axis 0o, Mathura/Gandhara, main mint, 267 - 300 A.D.; obverse Bactrian inscription: žAONANOžAO BAZOΔHO KOžANO (King of Kings Vasudeva Kushan), Vasudeva standing left, sacrificing over altar, filleted staff in left hand, filleted trident to left; Brahmi rju right of altar, Brahmi gho between Vasudeva's feet, Brahmi tra to right of Vasudeva's leg, Brahmi rda to right; reverse god Oesho (resembles Shiva) standing facing before the bull Nandi standing left, nimbate head facing, diadem in right hand, trident in left hand, tamgha upper left, Bactrian legend OHžO downward on right; ex Artemission (London), 2006; SOLD
Kadambas, Hangal, India, Toyimadeva, 1048 - 1075 A.D.
SH12097. Gold pagoda, Friedberg 315, VF, weight 4.343 g, maximum diameter 18.2 mm, obverse Toyi, Lion walking right looking back; reverse ornamented scroll within an ornamented border; SOLD
India, Tribal Issue, Sarabhapuriyas of Mahakosala (Chhattisgarh), Prasannamatra, c. 525 - 550 A.D.
Bracteates (a type of coin, not a denomination) were also minted in medieval Europe. They were made with very thin metal and were apparently made using a single die with the flan placed on a leather covered block, thus giving an intaglio reverse.SH12098. Gold bracteate 12 rattis, Mitchiner ATEC 5207; cf. Baldwin auction 37 (4 May 2004), lot 1344; Mitchiner NI -, VF, weight 1.222 g, maximum diameter 17.6 mm, obverse uniface coin with Garuda bird flanked by discus and conch, Brahmi legend and jar below; extremely rare; SOLD
Baktria, Diodotus I as Satrap for Antiochus II Theos, c. 255 - 250 B.C.
Diodotus I was the Seleukid governor of Baktro-Sogdiana early in Antiochos II's reign. His first coinage was issued with the Seleukid monarch's portrait. He then issued coins, like this one, with his own portrait, yet retaining the name of Antiochos as king. Diodotus' territory was so remote that he was king in all but title. About 250 B.C., he took the title too and issued coins as king in his own name (BAΣIΛΕΩΣ ΔIOΔOTOY).
Recent scholarship shows that Ai Khanoum (Greek name uncertain) was the principal mint of the region, located on the frontier between Afghanistan and the former Soviet Union.SH33186. Gold stater, Houghton-Lorber I 630, Newell ESM 723, SGCV II 7497, gVF, obverse test cut, weight 8.310 g, maximum diameter 19.0 mm, die axis 180o, Ai Khanoum mint, obverse diademed head of middle-aged Diodotus I right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY, Zeus striding left, naked, aegis over extended left arm, hurling fulmen with raised right, wreath over eagle inner left; rare; SOLD
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