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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Roman Countermarked||View Options:   | | | A countermark is a stamped or punched impression adding elements of design to a coin after it was originally struck. The practice of countermarking coins was widespread throughout antiquity. It was particularly common in the provinces of the Roman Empire. Countermarks were applied to coins for many reasons, including revalidation, revaluation, devaluation, and propaganda. Exactly when and why any individual countermark was applied is often uncertain. |
Ancyra means anchor in Greek. There were two cities named Ancyra in Anatolia, the one in Abbaitis, Phrygia that issued this coin, and another larger city in Galatia, now the capitol of Turkey. Ankyra in Abbaitis may have struck autonomous coins as Abbaetae Mysi in the 2nd century B.C. Under Rome, Ankyra in Abbaitis struck civic coinage from the rule of Nero to the rule of Philip the Arab.RP23241. Bronze AE 20, RPC III 2541 (25 spec.); BMC Phrygia p. 62, 23 - 24; SNGvA 3433; SNG Mün 94; SNG Tüb 3943; SNG Righetti 1144; SNG Leypold 1426; SNG Lewis 1513, gF, attractive coin, weight 3.197 g, maximum diameter 20.3 mm, die axis 180o, Ankyra in Abbaitis (Ankara, Turkey) mint, 128 - c. 136 A.D.; obverse CEBACTH CABEINA, draped bust bust right; countermark: eagle standing, head left, wings spread, E.C.H between wings and legs, in 6 mm circular punch (Howgego -); reverse ANKYPANΩN, cult-statue of Ephesian Artemis facing, flanked by two stags; SOLD
Kingdom of Commagene, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, 38 - 72 A.D.
Commagene was located in modern south-central Turkey, with its capital at Samosata (the site is now flooded by the Atatürk Dam). Antiochus IV was an ally of Rome against Parthia and the last royal descendant of Seleucus. He ruled with his half-sister and queen, Iotape. He was deprived of his kingdom after accusations that he was conspiring against Rome. He retired to Rome where he was treated with great respect for the remainder of his life.GB83137. Bronze AE 27, beveled edge flan; RPC I 3854; BMC Galatia p. 106, 1 ff.; Nercessian AC 199; SNG Cop VII 1; countermark: Howgego 373 (after 69 A.D.), VF, weight 12.418 g, maximum diameter 28.2 mm, die axis 0o, Samosata (site flooded by the Atatürk Dam) mint, 38 - 72 A.D.; obverse BAΣIΛEYΣ ME ANTIOXOΣ EΠI, beardless diademed bust right, countermark: anchor flanked by A-N; reverse KOMMAΓ-HNΩN, scorpion and inscription all within laurel wreath, linear boarder inside wreath, boarder of dots outside wreath; SOLD
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
BMC Lycia does not have a plate image for this coin but it is described with the same obverse legend error and the same reverse inscription arrangement. There are five specimens from these dies on Coin Archives. The British Museum coin is probably also from the same dies.RP88911. Bronze 5 assaria, BMC Lycia p. 161, 115 (same dies?); SNG BnF -; SNG PfPs -; SNG Cop -; SNGvA -; SNG Righetti -; Lindgren -; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs), aVF, well centered, porosity, central depressions, weight 15.543 g, maximum diameter 29.1 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, joint reign, Aug 253 - 260 A.D.; obverse AYT KAI ΠO AI ΓAΛΛIHNO CEB (AI in error, should be ΛI), laureate bust right, wearing paludamentum and cuirass, eagle right below with wings open; countermark on right: E (5 assaria) in 7.5mm round punch obliterating IA (prior mark of value); reverse galley left with acrostolium, ram, oarsmen, steersman with rudder, and aphlaston, tree with pomegranates on right, CIΔH/TΩN in two lines above, NEΩKOPΩ/N in two lines below; rare; SOLD
Agrippa, Struck Under his Grandson Caligula, 38 A.D.; Countermark: Moesia or Thrace, Civil War, 68 - 69 A.D.
Pangerl (Pangerl 87) attributes this P R countermark to Moesia or Thrace and dates it to the Roman civil war of 68 - 69 A.D. He interprets it to abbreviate Populus Romanus. Howgego (Howgego 599) lists a contemporary P R countermark (sometimes retrograde) that was applied in Syria, probably at Antioch. These use of P R was almost certainly intended to suggest the support of the people of the Roman Empire for the revolt of Galba and Vindex.CM91168. Copper as, RIC I Gaius 58, BMCRE II Tiberius 161, BnF II Caligula 77, Hunter I 1, Cohen I 3, SRCV I 1812; Countermark: Pangerl 87 (Moesia or Thrace, 68 - 69), coin: aF; countermark: VF, right edge punch appears to have been broken, weight 8.946 g, maximum diameter 27.9 mm, die axis 180o, Rome mint, coin: 38, countermark: c. 68 - 69; obverse M AGRIPPA L F COS III, head left wearing a rostral crown; countermark: P R (Populi Romani - People of Rome) in a rectangular punch; reverse Neptune standing facing, head left, nude but for cloak draped over arms, dolphin in right hand, trident vertical in left hand, large S - C (senatus consulto) flanking across field; scarce countermark; SOLD
Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Hieropolis-Castabala, Cilicia
This coin is quite remarkable in that the obverse shows a seated figure while the reverse features a bust, this unusual feature being clear to those who applied the countermarks on the correct side!
Imperial imago side countermarked with:
1. Nike advancing left, holding wreath, in oval punch, 6 x 8 mm, Howgego 260 (23 pcs). The c/m may refer to Macrinus' "Victoria Parthica", there also being coins issued by Macrinus with his reverse type.
2. Prize crown between torches, in circular punch, 6 mm, Howgego 427 (10 pcs). May have been applied at time of Macrinus.RP23167. Bronze AE 30, SNGvA 5577, BMC Lycaonia -, aVF, weight 12.707 g, maximum diameter 29.9 mm, die axis 180o, Cilicia, Hierapolis-Castabala (Kirmitli, Turkey) mint, obverse AVT K M AVΠ ANTΩNEINOC, Caracalla seated left, crowned by Nike flying left, object extended in right; reverse IEPOΠOΛITWN KACTABAΛEWN, ivy-wreathed and draped bust of Dionysus right, thyrsus over shoulder, bunch of grapes right; rare; SOLD
Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Thessalonica, Macedonia, Augustus Reverse
Thessalonica was founded around 315 B.C. by Cassander, King of Macedonia, on or near the site of the ancient town of Therma. He named it after his wife Thessalonike, a daughter of Philip II and a half-sister of Alexander the Great. In 168 B.C. it became the capital of Macedonia Secunda and in 146 B.C. it was made the capital of the whole Roman province of Macedonia. Due to its port and location at the intersection of two major Roman roads, Thessalonica grew to become the most important city in Macedonia. Thessalonica was important in the spread of Christianity; the First Epistle to the Thessalonians written by Paul the Apostle is the first written book of the New Testament.RP86553. Leaded bronze AE 22, Touratsoglou 18 (V6/R17), RPC I 1578 (8 spec.), Varbanov 4235 (R4), SNG ANS 842, BMC Macedonia -, SNG Cop -, aVF, dark green patina, tight flan, reverse slightly off center, bumps, scratches, light corrosion, weight 9.099 g, maximum diameter 21.9 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonika (Salonika, Greece) mint, Emission 1, c. 41 A.D.; obverse TI KΛAY KAIΣAP ΣEBAΣTOΣ ΓEPM, laureate head of Claudius left, uncertain countermark; reverse ΘEOΣ ΣEBAΣTOΣ ΘEΣΣAΛONEIKEΩN, radiate head of Augustus right; from the David Cannon Collection, ex Beast Coins; SOLD
Balkan Imitative, Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., With Imitative Countermark
Many lightweight "barbaric" and worn official sestertii were countermarked with "DV" in Moesia or Thrace to indicate they were officially re-tariffed as dupondii. On this Claudius imitative, not only is the coin barbaric but the countermark, which is retrograde, is also unofficial.RB66911. Orichalcum sestertius, cf. RIC I 99, SRCV I 1853, BMCRE I 124, Cohen 85 (official, Rome mint); c/m: cf. Pangerl 85 (official, Moesia or Thrace, not retrograde), coin: Fine/Fair, countermark: VF, weight 10.695 g, maximum diameter 30.8 mm, die axis 180o, unofficial mint, 41 - 54 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG P M TR P IMP, laureate head right; reverse SPES AVGVSTA, S C in exergue, Spes walking left, holding flower in right and raising skirt with left; SOLD
Gallienus, August 253 - September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
| The great ruins of Side are among the most notable in Asia Minor. They cover a large promontory which a wall and a moat separate from the mainland. There are two agoras: a commercial agora and the "state" agora. The commercial agora is over 8000 square meters, surrounded by columns, with shops, exedras and latrines and washing places. On it inconceivable numbers of slaves must have been traded, for during part of its history Side was a major center for pirates who stationed their fleet here. At its center, there is a round temple, well-restored, that was dedicated to the protective goddess of the city, Tyche. The present construction dates from the 2nd century A.D. and was still in use in Byzantine times. |  |
RPC speculates a Gallic origin for this issue. The countermarks and Balkan find site of this coin work support Grant's Macedonian hypothesis, FITA pp. 83-84.RP18177. Copper as, RPC I 5416, coin Fair, countermarks aF, weight 15.816 g, maximum diameter 29.5 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain Balkan? mint, c. 30 - 22 B.C.; obverse bare head right, countermarks of head right in oval; and flower in rectangle, the second a Tiberian or Claudian countermark common on Augustan asses; reverse prow right; dark patina; SOLD
Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Diocaesarea, Cilicia
Obverse countermarked with:
1. Winged thunderbolt, in oval punch, 4 x 5.5 mm, Howgego 469 (39 pcs).
2. eagle to front, head left, in oval punch, 5 x 7.5 mm, Howgego 337 (43 pcs).
The two countermark symbols were both cult objects of Zeus and were applied together, apparently not on coins struck later than the reign of Septimius Severus.RP23187. Bronze AE 29, BMC Lycaonia 6 - 7, SGICV 2244, VF, weight 16.298 g, maximum diameter 28.9 mm, die axis 225o, Olba-Dioceasarea (Mersin Province, Turkey) mint, obverse AYTOKP KAIC Λ CEΠTI CEOYHPOC ΠEP CEB, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse AΔP ΔIOKAICAPEΩN, hexastyle temple, fulmen on base inside, tree behind on left; SOLD
Domitian, 13 September 81 - 18 September 96 A.D., Flaviopolis, Cilicia
Vespasian founded both the province of Cilicia and the city of Flaviopolis in 74 A.D. as part of an imperial program for urbanization of the Cilician Plain. Prior to establishing the province, the rural hinterland and the city of Anazarbos were probably administered by the Tracondimotid dynasty from Hieropolis Castabala. The location of Flaviopolis is believed to be Kadirli, Turkey were some mosaic floors, inscriptions, and building blocks have been found. This coin was struck in year 17 of the local era, the first year that Flaviopolis issued coins.RP23200. Bronze AE 29, RPC II 1757; SNG BnF 2171 - 2172; SNG Levante 1529; BMC Lycaonia p. 78, 1; SGICV 861; c/m: Howgego 190 (21 pcs), VF, weight 14.034 g, maximum diameter 28.6 mm, die axis 0o, Flaviopolis (Kadirli(?), Turkey) mint, 89 - 90 A.D.; obverse ΔOMETIANOC KAICAP, laureate head right; countermark: helmeted bust of Athena in 4 x 6 mm rectangular incuse; reverse ΦΛAVIOΠOΛEITWN ETOYC ZI (year 17), laureate and draped confronted busts of the Dioscuri, each wearing laureate pileus surmounted by star above forehead; SOLD
Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D., Ilium, Troas, Divus Augustus Reverse
Ilium was previously named Troy. The countermark, presumably the gorgoneion on the breastplate of Athena Illias, is known on coins from Galba, Nero and Agrippina, Claudius, Gaius, and also on civic issues.CM85344. Bronze AE 25, RPC I 2313 (10 spec., this countermark noted); BMC Troas p. 62, 38; SNGvA 153; Bellinger Troy 121; SNG Cop -; c/m: Howgego 193, aF, countermark VF, nice green patina, some porosity, weight 8.458 g, maximum diameter 25.0 mm, die axis 180o, Ilium mint, 25 Jan 41 - 13 Oct 54 A.D.; obverse TI KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP, bare head of Claudius right; reverse ΘEOC AYTOKPATΩP, radiate head of divus Augustus right, IΛI lower right horizontal before neck, statue of Athena Illias standing on base to right; countermark: gorgoneion in 7mm round punch; very rare; SOLD
Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Side, Pamphylia
Side was founded by Greeks from Cyme, Aeolis, most likely in the 7th century B.C. The settlers started using the local language and over time forgot their native Greek. Excavations have revealed inscriptions written in this language, still undeciphered, dating from as late as the 2nd century B.C. The name Side is from this indigenous Anatolian language and means pomegranate.RP82148. Bronze 5 assaria, BMC Lycia p. 163, 125; c/m: Howgego 805 (169 pcs), Choice F, full circles centering, weight 16.493 g, maximum diameter 30.9 mm, die axis 180o, Side (near Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey) mint, Aug 254 - 260 A.D.; obverse KOPNHΛIANT CAΛΩNINA CEBA, draped bust right, wearing stephane, star above; countermark on right: E (5 assaria) in 7.5mm round punch obliterating prior mark of value; reverse CIΔHTΩN NEΩKOPΩN, figure (Dionysos?), legs crossed, resting left elbow on column, holding scepter or thyrsus; SOLD
Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia
Obverse countermarked with:
1. Nike standing right, in oval punch, Howgego 254 (94 pcs).
2. laureate head right, in oval punch, Howgego 65 (130 pcs).CM46593. Bronze AE 26, Rec Gen II.3 p. 439, 327, aVF, weight 8.537 g, maximum diameter 26.3 mm, die axis 180o, Nicaea (Iznik, Turkey) mint, obverse AYT K Λ XEΠT CEYHPOC, laureate head right, two countermarks; reverse NIKAIEΩN, Pallas Athena seated left, Nike in extended right hand, resting left arm on shield; rare; SOLD
Maximinus I Thrax, March 235 - May 238 A.D., Ninica-Claudiopolis, Cilicia
Obverse countermark: Δ containing dot, all within circle, circular punch, 6 mm, Howgego 669 (49 pcs).
Reverse countermark: six-pointed star, incuse, 6 mm from point to point, Howgego 451 (45 pcs).RP58816. Bronze AE 26, SNG BnF 795 (w/ Howgego 451); SNG Levante 624 (w/ Howgego 669), SNGvA 5780, VF, weight 7.435 g, maximum diameter 25.7 mm, die axis 180o, Ninica-Claudiopolis (Mut, Mersin, Turkey) mint, obverse IMP MAXIMINVS PI, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, countermark on face; reverse COL NINI CLAVΔ, turreted and draped bust of Demos right, countermark on face; SOLD
Domitian, 13 September 81 - 18 September 96 A.D., Judaea Capta, Caesarea Maritima, Samaria, Judaea
Judaea Capta issue minted at Caesarea Maritima, Judaea. This issue mistakenly titles Domitian 'IMP XXIII' though he never received a twenty-third acclamation. All known specimens of this type display this error.JD111095. Bronze AE 24, Meshorer TJC 395a (same c/m); Hendin 6486a (same); SNG ANS 489 (same); Sofaer 38 (same); RPC Online II 2308; BMC Palestine p. 281, 38, aF, near black patina, highlighting earthen deposits, weight 9.839 g, maximum diameter 24.1 mm, die axis 0o, Caesarea Maritima (Keisaria, Israel) mint, 92 - 93 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM PM TR P XII, laureate head right; countermark: laureate head right (Howgego GIC 133); reverse IMP XXIII COS XVI CENS P P P, Victory advancing left in flowing gown, wreath in right hand, trophy in left hand; SOLD
Hierapolis, Phrygia, c. 198 - 268 A.D.
Hierapolis (Greek: "Holy City") was located on hot springs in Phrygia in southwestern Anatolia. Its ruins are adjacent to modern Pamukkale in Turkey and are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The hot springs have been used as a spa since the 2nd century B.C., with many patrons retiring or dying there. The large necropolis is filled with sarcophagi.RP111999. Bronze AE 24, RPC Online VI T5470, Johnston Hierapolis 54, SNGvA 3629, SNG Mun 232; BMC Phrygia p. 238, 65; McClean 8819; Waddington 6111; c/m: Howgego 278, coin and c/m gF, dark patina, earthen deposits, cleaning scratches , weight 6.633 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 180o, Hierapolis (near Pamukkale, Turkey) mint, reign of Elagabalus, c. 218 - 222 A.D.; obverse ΛAIPBHNOC, radiate and draped bust of Helios-Lairbenos right, countermark: Mên standing facing, head left, scepter in left hand, pinecone in right, in oval punch; reverse IEPAΠOΛEITΩN NEΩKOPΩN, A/KTI/A within wreath; ex CNG e-auction 527 (16 Nov 2022), lot 215; SOLD
Syracuse, Sicily, Second Democracy, 466 - 405 B.C.
Following Heron's death, democracy was restored in 466 B.C. Similar to at Athens, the polis was governed by a council and popular assembly with an executive consisting of elected generals or strategoi. Syracuse fought against Athens 427 - 424 B.C. and again 415 - 413 B.C.; ultimately Syracuse was victorious. With further reforms by Diocles, the democratic nature of Syracuse's political structure was further strengthened. GI112020. Bronze hemilitron, Calciati II p. 56, 26 (with this countermark); SNG ANS 415 ff.; SNG Cop 697 ff.; HGC 2 1480 (S), aVF, some obverse flattening caused countermarking, sprue remnants, weight 2.844 g, maximum diameter 15.0 mm, die axis 240o, Syracuse mint, c. 415 - 405 B.C.; obverse head of nymph left, wearing ampyx and coiled earrings, with hair bound in sphendone; laurel branch behind; reverse dolphin swimming right above, ΣYPA arched over inverted scallop shell below; countermark: incuse palmette; rare countermark, Calciati describes this countermark as otherwise unpublished; SOLD
Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Antioch, Seleucis and Pieria, Syria
Unusual long obverse legend, mentioning Divus Nerva and Divus Trajan.
Obverse countermarked with laurel-branch with four leaves, in rectangular punch, 4.5 x 6 mm, Howgego 378 (69 pcs). The countermark was applied before 132 - 135 A.D.RY23158. Bronze AE 26, BMC Galatia 295 - 299 var. (reverse control-mark), VF, weight 13.688 g, maximum diameter 26.0 mm, die axis 0o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, obverse AVT KAIC Θ TP Π YI Θ NEP YIW TP AΔPIANOC CEBAC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse S C (senatus consulto), Θ below, all within laurel wreath; rare; SOLD
Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Petra, Arabia
UNESCO describes Petra as "one of the most precious cultural properties of man's cultural heritage." The BBC selected Petra as one of "the 40 places you have to see before you die."RY52175. Bronze AE 24, Spijkerman 29 ff. var. (legends); BMC Arabia, p. 36, 15 var. (same); SNG ANS -; SGICV 2281; cm: Howgego 801 (before Elagabalus, denomination 4 units), VF, weight 8.573 g, maximum diameter 24.0 mm, die axis 0o, Petra (Jordan) mint, 9 Apr 193 - 4 Feb 211 A.D.; obverse AY K Λ CEΠT CEOYHPOΣ ΠEP CEB (or similar), laureate bust right, seen from behind, countermarked with D• in round incuse; reverse AΔR • ΠETPA MHTPOΠOΛ (or similar), Tyche seated left on rock, right hand extended and open, trophy over shoulder in left; very scarce; SOLD
Valerian I, October 253 - c. June 260 A.D., Hierapolis, Phrygia in Homonoia with Sardis
This coin commemorates the homonoia (alliance) between Phrygia and Sardis. Cities in Thrace and Asia minor sometimes formed alliances with other cities. The competition for prestige and rivalry between cities in the East was intense. Alliances could enhance a city’s status by aligning either with many cities or with particularly important ones. Homonoia was part of civic "foreign policy" and might have involved the exchange of delegates and joint celebrations and sacrifices. At least 87 cities issued homonoia coins celebrating their alliances. RP77248. Bronze AE 28, Franke-Nolle, type VI, 857 (Vs.C/Rs.18); cf. SNGvA 3668; SNG Tübingen 4054; Lindgren III 596, VF, tight flan, obscure countermark on obverse, weight 9.924 g, maximum diameter 28.1 mm, die axis 180o, Phrygia, Hierapolis (near Pamukkale, Turkey) mint, Oct 253 - c. Jun 260 A.D.; obverse AY• K• - ΠOY• ΛIK• OYAΛEPAN/OC, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, from the front, round countermark on face; reverse IEPAΠOΛE/ITΩN - KE - CAPΔIANΩN, Apollo on left, standing right, plectrum in right hand, kithara (lyre) in left hand; cult statue of Kore facing, wearing kalathos and veil, NEOKOPΩN downward in right field, OMONOYA in exergue; very rare; SOLD
Augustus, 16 January 27 B.C. - 19 August 14 A.D., Uncertain (Philippi?), Macedonia
Howgego notes the capricorn was a standard type for Parium. The capricorn was a symbol of Augustus and was probably adopted as a symbol of the city after a Augustan refoundation of the colonia. Howgego notes that the capricorn countermarks on the colonist plowing types may have indicated a devaluation of the coins.RP85357. Bronze AE 19, RPC I 1656.43 (same countermark); SNG Cop 282; Varbanov 3770 (R4); McClean 7660 (Tiberius); SNG BnF 1439 (Parium, Mysia); c/m: Howgego 302 (Parium), gF, c/m: VF; scratches, corrosion, earthen deposits, reverse flattened by counter-marking, weight 3.861 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 0o, Uncertain (Philippi (near Filippoi, Greece)?) mint, 16 Jan 27 B.C. - 19 Aug 14 A.D.; obverse AVG, bare head right; c/m Capricorn right in rectangular punch; reverse two priests with yoke of two oxen right, plowing the pomerium (sacred boundary), founding the new colony; rare with countermark; SOLD
Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Alexandreia Troas, Troas
Bellinger notes this type has many legend variations. The particular variation on this example is not noted in Bellinger or any other reference examined.RP42660. Bronze as, Bellinger Troy A339, SNG Canakkale 339 var. (rev. leg.), SNG Cop 167 var. (same), SNGvA 1474 (same), SNG Tanrikulu -; c/m: Howgego 790 (4 pcs.), aVF, weight 8.304 g, maximum diameter 24.4 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria Troas (Eski Stambul, Turkey) mint, 13 Mar 222 - Mar 235 A.D.; obverse AVR M SEVERV ALEXANDERVS AV, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse COL ALEX AV, TROA, horse feeding right; SOLD
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D., Gadara, Decapolis
A round countermark with a head right is common on this type and is identified usually attributed as Howgego 206. Howgego identifies the head as Tyche but notes it may be male and may appear turreted due to an undertype. RPC II notes the heads are not all the same. We believe some do look very much like Tyche-Fortuna and some look very male. This one looks male.GB111784. Bronze AE 23, Spijkerman 26a (c/m male bust); RPC II 2093; SNG ANS 6 1300; Rosenberger 32; Sofaer 24; countermark: Howgego 206, gF, dark green patina with highlighting earthen deposits, obv. countermark, weight 11.134 g, maximum diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 0o, Decapolis, Gadara (Um Qais, Jordan) mint, 71 - 72 A.D.; obverse OYECΠACIANOC KAICAP (clockwise from upper right), laureate head right; countermark: male(?) head right in a round punch; reverse ΓAΔAPA (clockwise on right), Tyche standing left, wreath in right hand, cornucopia in left hand, date LEΛP (year 135) horizontal center left; ex CNG e-auction 510 (23 Feb 2022), lot 479; ex Dr. Jay M. Galst Collection; SOLD
Septimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., Thyatira, Lydia
Thyateira (also Thyatira) is the ancient name of the modern Turkish city of Akhisar ("white castle"). In Revelation, Thyateira is the church that had a false prophetess (Revelation 2:20).
In Dane Kurth's renowned four volume Greek and Roman Provincial Coins - Lydia (GRPC Lydia), published in 2020, Thyateira coin type 290 inadvertently merged two Athena varieties for Septimius Severus under the same number. This will be corrected in an eventual supplement. Also, our coin gives clear evidence that the countermark, known from a single Thyateira issue of Commodus (RPC Online IV.2 T2873.2) was applied to coinage no earlier than the Severans. Howgego remarked that "the figure looks somewhat like Asklepios," an attribution that continues to be a possibility.RP113915. Bronze AE 24, SNG Cop 605 (same dies); GRPC Lydia Supp I 290a (forthcoming); otherwise apparently unpublished; c/m: Howgego 277 (1 spec.), F, nice bold portrait for the grade, strong countermark, dark patina, porosity, light marks, minor encrustations, weight 7.912 g, maximum diameter 24.0 mm, die axis 180o, Thyatira (Akhisar, Turkey) mint, c. 193 - 211 A.D.; obverse AVT KAI - CEOVHPOC, laureate head right, countermark (upside down): figure standing left (Asclepius?); reverse ΘVATEI-PHNΩN, Athena standing facing, head left, wearing Corinthian helmet, patera in right hand, erect spear in left hand; from the Michael Arslan Collection; ex Olympus Numismatic auction 7 (22 Sep 2023), lot 570; first specimen handled by FORVM, zero sales of this type recorded on Coin Archives in the last two decades; very rare with extremely rare countermark!; SOLD
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