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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Unofficial & Barbaric||View Options:  |  |  |   

Counterfeit, Unofficial, Imitative and Barbaric Roman Coins
Constantine the Great, Early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D., Unofficial Barbaric (Pannonian Tribes?)

|Constantine| |the| |Great|, |Constantine| |the| |Great,| |Early| |307| |-| |22| |May| |337| |A.D.,| |Unofficial| |Barbaric| |(Pannonian| |Tribes?)||solidus|
In Roman Imperial Coinage, on page 473, in the section on Sirmium, footnote 42 says, "In L. [London=British Museum] an irregular SECVPITAS PEI-PETVAE, obv. CONSTNATTI-VAS P F NNG, Bust B1, m.m. SINN, 3.71 gm." Our coin is apparently from the same dies. Certainly unofficial, perhaps this coin was struck by a Pannonian tribal mint?
SH94406. Gold solidus, RIC VII Sirmium 42 var. (British Museum specimen of same irregular variant noted), gF, well centered, blundered legends and mintmark, pale gold, light scratches, probably holed and filled, weight 4.100 g, maximum diameter 19.9 mm, die axis 180o, unofficial mint, c. 324 - 325 A.D.; obverse CONSTNATTI-IIAS P F NNG, laureate head right; reverse SECIIPITAS PEI-PETVAE, Emperor standing left, in military attire, right hand crowning trophy of captured arms erected before him, transverse scepter in left hand, shield and cuirass(?) left of base of trophy, SINN in exergue; SOLD


Pescennius Niger, April to 1 June 193 - March, April or May 194 A.D., Ancient Counterfeit

|Pescennius| |Niger|, |Pescennius| |Niger,| |April| |to| |1| |June| |193| |-| |March,| |April| |or| |May| |194| |A.D.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||ancient| |counterfeit|
SH34918. Bronze ancient counterfeit, cf. RIC IV 84 (denarius, official, Antioch mint), VF, weight 2.225 g, maximum diameter 18.0 mm, die axis 0o, unofficial mint, obverse IMP CAES C PESC[...] NIGER IVSTI AVG, laureate head right; reverse VICTORIAE (victories), Victory standing left, holding palm frond in left, with right inscribing AVG on shield set on column; very rare; SOLD


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Ancient Counterfeit

|Nero|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||denarius|
To celebrate his escape from the Pisonian conspiracy and assassination attempt in 65 A.D., Nero constructed a temple to Salus, the Roman goddess of health and safety, and honored her on the reverse of his coins.
RS99192. Fouree silver plated denarius, cf. RIC I 67 (for obv.) and 72 (for rev.) (official, solid silver, Rome mint, 67-68 A.D.), gVF, toned, core visible in edge crack, silver foil edge visible on rev., weight 3.101 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 90o, unofficial, counterfeiter's mint, 67 - 68 A.D.; obverse NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS, laureate head right; reverse Salus seated left on high-back throne, patera in right hand, SA-LVS across field; ex CNG e-auction 500 (22 Sep 2021), 735 (part of); ex Mercury Group Collection; ex CNG mail bid sale 76 (12 Sep 2007), lot 1410; ex C. G. Collection; ex CNG mail bid sale 45 (18 Mar 1998), lot 1907; SOLD


Julius Caesar, Imperator and Dictator, October 49 - 15 March 44 B.C., Ancient Counterfeit

|Julius| |Caesar|, |Julius| |Caesar,| |Imperator| |and| |Dictator,| |October| |49| |-| |15| |March| |44| |B.C.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||denarius|
RS99186. Fouree silver plated denarius, cf. Crawford 443/1, Sydenham 1006, RSC I 49, Sear CRI 9, BMCRR Gaul 27, Russo RBW 1557, SRCV I 1399 (silver, official, military mint, 49 B.C.), VF, toned, areas of core exposure, scratches, weight 2.752 g, maximum diameter 18.4 mm, die axis 225o, unofficial, counterfeiter's mint, c. 49 B.C.; obverse elephant walking right trampling on a carnyx (a Celtic war trumpet) ornamented to look like a dragon, CAESAR below; reverse implements of the pontificate: culullus (cup) or simpulum (ladle), aspergillum (sprinkler), securis (sacrificial ax), and apex (priest's hat); ex CNG e-auction 500 (22 Sep 2021), 735 (part of); ex Mercury Group Collection; ex Herakles Numismatics (16 July 2007); SOLD


Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D., Ancient Counterfeit

|Caracalla|, |Caracalla,| |28| |January| |198| |-| |8| |April| |217| |A.D.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||denarius|
The Paris coin referenced by RIC, RSC, BMCRE and Cohen is listed as issued by the Laodicea ad Mare mint, but it is also undoubtedly an ancient counterfeit.
SH28321. Silver denarius, RIC IV 355 var., RSC III 20 var., BMCRE V p, 300 var., Cohen 20 var. (all refer to a single Paris coin Laodicea ad Mare mint, CERERI FRVGIS revs), gVF, frosty surfaces, weight 3.873 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 180o, illegal mint, obverse ANTONINVS PIVS AVG, laureate and draped young bust right; reverse CERERI FRVGTI (sic), Ceres seated left, stalks of grain in right hand, long scepter vertical in left; extremely rare; SOLD


Tiberius, 19 August 14 - 16 March 37 A.D., Tribute Penny of Matthew 22:20-21, Ancient Eastern Imitative

|Tiberius|, |Tiberius,| |19| |August| |14| |-| |16| |March| |37| |A.D.,| |Tribute| |Penny| |of| |Matthew| |22:20-21,| |Ancient| |Eastern| |Imitative||cast| |imitative| |denarius|
Part of a hoard of nearly 200 Tiberius and Augustus denarii found in India. Imitations, such as this coin, were produced in India, and used for local trade. Some of these imitations appear to have be struck, some cast. This coin was cast.
RS27887. Silver cast imitative denarius, cf. Giard Lyon, group 2, 146; RIC I 28 (S); BMCRE I 44; RSC II 16b; SRCV I 1763 (official Roman, struck, Lugdunum mint, c. 15 - 18 A.D.), VF, weight 3.404 g, maximum diameter 18.8 mm, die axis 45o, obverse TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS, laureate head right; reverse PONTIF MAXIM (high priest), Pax (or Livia as Pax) seated right on chair with ornately decorated legs set on base, long scepter vertical behind in her right hand, branch in left hand, no footstool; ex Triton X (8 Jan 2007), lot 1559 (part of); SOLD


Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Roman Provincial Egypt, Ancient Counterfeit or Imitative

|Roman| |Egypt|, |Nero,| |13| |October| |54| |-| |9| |June| |68| |A.D.,| |Roman| |Provincial| |Egypt,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit| |or| |Imitative||tetradrachm|
Ancient counterfeits of Roman Alexandrian tetradrachms are extremely rare. The reverse of the official Alexandria mint prototype is not retrograde and the bust of Hera faces right. This coin is from the Dattari Collection and published in Savio Dattari plates!
RX97759. Billon tetradrachm, Dattari-Savio pl. 319, 84 (this coin), RPC Online I 5309.8 (same); for official Alexandria mint prototype see: Dattari 235, Geissen 199, VF, toned, tight flan, light earthen deposits, weight 13.444 g, maximum diameter 24.2 mm, die axis 0o, Alexandria mint, 29 Aug 67 - Jun 68 A.D.; obverse NEPO KΛAY KAIΣ ΣEB ΓEP AY, radiate bust left, wearing aegis, L IΔ (year 14) before; reverse HPA APΓEIA (retrograde), veiled and draped bust of Hera Argeia left (also retrograde, facing right on the official type); ex Naville Numismatics auction 62 (13 Dec 2020), lot 225; ex Dattari Collection; extremely rare; SOLD


Caligula, 16 March 37 - 24 January 41 A.D., Unofficial Counterfeit, Hybrid With Augustus Reverse

|Caligula|, |Caligula,| |16| |March| |37| |-| |24| |January| |41| |A.D.,| |Unofficial| |Counterfeit,| |Hybrid| |With| |Augustus| |Reverse||denarius|
Tiberius left his estate and the titles of the principate to Caligula and to Tiberius' own grandson, Gemellus, who were to serve as joint heirs. Although Tiberius was 78 and on his death bed, some ancient historians still conjecture that he was murdered. Tacitus writes that the Praetorian Prefect, Macro, smothered Tiberius with a pillow to hasten Caligula's accession, much to the joy of the Roman people. Suetonius writes that Caligula may have carried out the murder himself, though this is not recorded by any other ancient historian. Seneca the elder and Philo, as well as Josephus, record that Tiberius died a natural death. Caligula had Tiberius' will nullified with regards to Gemellus on grounds of insanity, but otherwise he carried out Tiberius' wishes.
RS99189. Fouree silver plated denarius, cf. RIC I Caligula 2 (for obv., official, silver, Lugdunum, 37 A.D.), RIC I Augustus 207 (for rev., official, silver, Lugdunum, 2 B.C. - 4 A.D.), aVF, toned, bumps and marks, scattered plating breaks, crude, weight 3.535 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 315o, unofficial counterfeiter's mint, c. 37 - 41 A.D.; obverse C CAESAR AVG GERM P M TR POT COS, bare head of Caligula right; reverse AVGVSTI F COS DESIG PRINC IVVENT C L CAESARES, Caius and Lucius Caesars standing facing, two shields and two spears between them; above, on left, simpulum right, and on right, lituus left.; an interesting hybrid forgery of the types of Caligula and Augustus; ex CNG e-auction 500 (22 Sep 2021), 735 (part of); ex Mercury Group Collection; SOLD


Galba, 3 April 68 - 15 January 69 A.D., Ancient Counterfeit

|Galba|, |Galba,| |3| |April| |68| |-| |15| |January| |69| |A.D.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||denarius|
This coin is dedicated to Rome reborn, presumably due to the leadership of Galba. To Galba it seems rebirth primary concerned an attempt to restore state finances. To this end he undertook a number of unpopular measures, the most dangerous was his refusal to pay the praetorians the reward promised to them in his name. Galba scorned the notion that soldiers should be "bribed" for their loyalty. According to the historian Suetonius, Galba levied massive taxes against areas that were slow to receive him as emperor.
RS99191. Fouree silver plated denarius, cf. RIC I 43, BMCRE I 180, RSC II 211, Hunter I 68, SRCV I 2095 (official, solid silver, Tarraco mint, Apr - late 68 A.D., minor variations), VF, toned, small core exposures, scratches, bumps, weight 2.846 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 180o, unofficial, counterfeiter's mint, c. April 68 - 69 A.D.; obverse IMPERATO (sic) GALBA, laureate head right, globe at the point of neck; reverse ROMA RENASCENS (Rome Reborn), Roma advancing right, wearing helmet and military garb, Victory on globe presenting wreath in right hand, transverse spear in left hand; ex CNG e-auction 500 (22 Sep 2021), 735 (part of); ex Mercury Group Collection, ex Thomas Cederlind (20 Nov 2002) ; SOLD


Julius Caesar, Imperator and Dictator, October 49 - 15 March 44 B.C., Ancient Counterfeit

|Julius| |Caesar|, |Julius| |Caesar,| |Imperator| |and| |Dictator,| |October| |49| |-| |15| |March| |44| |B.C.,| |Ancient| |Counterfeit||denarius|
RS91805. Fouree silver plated denarius, cf. Crawford 443/1, Sydenham 1006, RSC I 49, Sear CRI 9, BMCRR Gaul 27, Russo RBW 1557, SRCV I 1399 (silver, official, military mint), aVF, excellent centering, uneven toning, small plating breaks, weight 2.862 g, maximum diameter 18.6 mm, die axis 0o, unofficial counterfeiter mint, c. 49 B.C.; obverse elephant walking right trampling on a carnyx (a Celtic war trumpet) ornamented to look like a dragon, CAESAR below; reverse implements of the pontificate: culullus (cup) or simpulum (ladle), aspergillum (sprinkler), securis (sacrificial ax), and apex (priest's hat); ex Numismatik Naumann auction 75 (3 Mar 2019), lot 584; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES|

Cahn, H. "EIDibus MARtiis" in QT 18 (1989), pp. 229-231, 9a, 20a, and 25b.
Campbell, W. Greek and Roman Plated Coins. ANSNNM 75. (New York, 1933).
Crawford, M. "Plated Coins - False Coins" in NC 1968, pp. 55-59, pl. xiv.
Crawford, M. Roman Republican Coinage. (Cambridge, 1974), vol I., pp. 560-565, vol II, p. 570.
Davis, P. "Dacian and Celtic Imitations of Republican Denarii" in The Celator 18-4, April 2004, pp. 6-16.
Davis, P. "Dacian Imitations of Roman Republican Denarii" in Apvlvm Number XLIII/1. (2006).
Davis, P. Imitations of Roman Republican Denarii, website: http://rrimitations.ancients.info/.
Davis, P. & E. Paunov. "Imitations of Republican Denarii from Moesia and Thrace" in Studies Prokopov. (2012).
Lawrence, L. "On a Hoard of Plated Roman Denarii" in NC 1940, pp. 185-189.
Popović, Petar. "Hoard of imitations of the Roman Republican denars from the Belgrade National Museum" in Numizmatikai Közlöny 1974, pp. 7-13 & pl. 1.
Ranieri, E. La monetazione di Ravenna antica dal V all' VIII secolo: impero romano e bizantino, regno ostrogoto e langobardo. (Bologna, 2006).
Southerland, C. "'Carausius II', 'Censeris', and the Barbarous Fel. Temp. Reparatio Overstrikes" in NC 1945.
Sydenham, E. "On Roman Plated Coins" in NC 1940, pp. 190-202.
Sydenham, E. The Coinage of the Roman Republic. (London, 1927 1952). pl. xliii-xliv.
Vasic, M. "A IVth and Vth Centuries Hoard of Roman coins and imitations in the collection of the National Museum in Belgrade" in Sirmium VIII, p. 128-129, 6-19.

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