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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Geographic - All Periods| ▸ |Anatolia| ▸ |Cappadocia||View Options:   | | | Cappadocia is in eastern Anatolia, in the center of what is now Turkey. After ending Persian rule, Alexander the Great intended to rule Cappadocia through one of his military commanders, but Ariarathes, a Persian aristocrat, somehow made himself king of the Cappadocians. Ariarathes I was successful and extended the borders of the Cappadocian Kingdom as far as the Black Sea. After Alexander's death, Perdiccas designated Eumenes to rule the area. Ariarathes was defeated, captured and crucified, but due to Macedonian infighting Ariarathes' son recovered his inheritance. He left the kingdom to a line of successors, who mostly bore the name of the founder of the dynasty. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia became an ally of Rome. The kingdom maintained independence until A.D. 17, when the Tiberius reduced Cappadocia to a Roman province. |
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of around 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.RP113940. Bronze AE 25, cf. RPC Online VI T6714.1 (same dies); Henseler 1080, F, nice green patina, legends weak/off flan, weight 11.583 g, maximum diameter 25.4 mm, die axis 315o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 220 - 221 A.D.; obverse AY K M AYPHΛIOC - ANTWNEIN, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse MHTPOΠ - KAICAPI, agalma of Mount Argaeus placed on altar, surmounted by star, ET (year) on altar, Δ (4) in exergue;
Lot of 3 Roman Provincial Bronze Coins, c. 222 - 244 A.D.
The following list was provided by the consignor and has not been verified by FORVM:
1) Cappadocia, Caesarea. Severus Alexander. A.D. 222-235, Year 8 (229/30 AD) AE20 (g) AV K CEOY ALEXAND laureate head right. / ET H Three double grain-ears. Sydenham Caesarea 596.
2) Gordian III, AE27 (g) Cappadocia, Caesarea.
3) Severus Alexander, as Caesar (AD 222). AE26 (12.4g) Caesarea, regnal Year 5 of Elagabalus (AD 221/2). Bare headed, draped bust of Severus Alexander right, seen from front / agalma of Mt. Argaeus placed on altar inscribed ET E (date). SNG Cop 286.LT110977. Bronze Lot, lot of 3 Roman provincial bronze coins, 20.3mm - 28.3mm, c. 40 B.C. - 68 A.D.; no tags or flips, the actual coins in the photograph, as-is, no returns, 3 coins;
Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, originally called Mazaka or Mazaca, is in central Turkey on a low spur on the north side of Mount Erciyes (Mount Argaeus in ancient times). During Achaemenid Persian rule, it was the capital of a Satrapy on the crossroads of the Royal Road from Sardis to Susa and the trade route from Sinope to the Euphrates. It was conquered by Alexander's general Perdikkas, was ruled by Eumenes of Cardia, then passed to the Seleucid empire after the battle of Ipsus. It became the capital of the independent Cappadocian Kingdom under Ariarathes III, around 250 B.C. During Strabo's time it was also known as Eusebia, after the Cappadocian King Ariarathes V Eusebes, 163 – 130 B.C. The name was changed again to "Caesarea in Cappadocia" in honor of Caesar Augustus, upon his death in 14 A.D. The city passed under formal Roman rule in 17 A.D. In Roman times, it prospered on the route from Ephesus to the East. Caesarea was destroyed by the Sassanid King Shapur I after his victory over the Emperor Valerian I in 260 A.D. At the time it was recorded to have around 400,000 inhabitants. Arabic influence changed Caesarea to the modern name Kayseri. The city gradually recovered and has a population of around 1 million people today. Few traces of the ancient city survive.MA113941. Bronze AE 29, cf. RPC Online VI T6661, Henseler 1038, Ganschow -, aF, weight 8.850 g, maximum diameter 29.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 218 - 219 A.D.; obverse AY K M AYPHΛIOC - ANTWNEINOC CEB, laureate and draped bust right, seen from slightly behind right shoulder; reverse MHTPO-Π - K-AICAPI, agalma of Mount Argaeus on altar, three figures standing on peak, altar inscribed ET B (year 2) on altar, NEΩKO (neokoros) in exergue; ex Leu Numismatik web auction 24 (06 Dec 22), lot 4995 (part of); ex European collection formed before 2005; $8.50 (€7.99)
Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.
RPC Online lists the date "AD 119/20" for this coin issue of year 4 (Δ) which must surely be incorrect if Hadrian became emperor in August 117 A.D. We therefore are following the date given in Metcalf.RS113850. Silver hemidrachm, RPC III Online 3075 (31 spec.); Metcalf 86b; Sydenham Caesarea 256; SNGvA 6412; SNG Hunt I 2228; SNG Fitzwilliam VII 5451; BMC Galatia p. 62, 142, F, well-centered with full legend, obv. die wear, light pitting on rev., weight 1.558 g, maximum diameter 15.8 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 120 - 121 A.D.; obverse AYTO KAIC TPAI AΔPIANOC CEBACT, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse Nike advancing right, holding wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand and over left shoulder, ET Δ (year 4) in lower right field; ex Leu Numismatik auction 24 (3-6 Dec 2022), lot 5078 (part of);
Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.MA114444. Silver hemidrachm, Sydenham Caesarea 260; SNGvA 6414; BMC Galatia p. 62, 146; Metcalf 87 var. (slight drapery left shoulder); SNG Cop VII 224 var. (bust), F, toned, tight flan, earthen deposits, scratches, weight 1.685 g, maximum diameter 14.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 121 - 122 A.D.; obverse AYTO KAIC TPAI AΔPIANOC CEBACT, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse Nike advancing right, holding wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand, ET E (year 5) right;
Nero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Kayseri, Turkey was originally named Mazaca. It was renamed Eusebia by Ariarathes V Eusebes, King of Cappadocia, 163 - 130 B.C. The last king of Cappadocia, King Archelaus, renamed it "Caesarea in Cappadocia" to honor Caesar Augustus upon his death in 14 A.D. Muslim Arabs slightly modified the name into Kaisariyah, which became Kayseri when the Seljuk Turks took control, c. 1080 A.D.GP114564. Silver hemidrachm, Ganschow 60, RPC Online I 3646, RIC I 618, Sydenham Caesarea 83, SNG Cop 183, SNGvA 6359, SNG Tub 4617, aVF, toned, mild roughness, weight 1.792 g, maximum diameter 13.9 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, c. 58 - 59 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVD DIVI CLAVD F CAESAR AVG GERMANI, laureate head right; reverse Victory standing right, right foot on globe, inscribing shield resting on knee; ex CNG e-auction 541 (28 Jun 2023), lot 357; ex Baldwin & Sons (London);
Lucius Verus, 7 March 161 - February 169 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Mount Erciyes (Argaios to the Greeks, Argaeus to the Romans) is a massive stratovolcano 25 km to the south of Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) in Turkey. The highest mountain in central Anatolia, with its summit reaching 3,916 meters (12,848 ft). It may have erupted as recently as 253 B.C., as may be depicted on Roman era coins. Strabo wrote that the summit was never free from snow and that those few who ascended it reported seeing both the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south in days with a clear sky.GB113894. Bronze AE 21, RPC Online IV.3 T6867.19; Henseler 550; Ganschow 281b; Sydenham Caesarea 360 var. (obv. leg.); BMC Galatia p. 70, 198 ff. var. (same), F, excellent portrait, green patina, porous, weight 6.822 g, maximum diameter 21.0 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 163 - 164 A.D.; obverse AYT OYHPOC - CEBACTOC, laureate head right; reverse KAICAPEWN T Π APΓAIW, Mt. Argaeus, conical shape on peak, ETΓ (year 3) in exergue;
Severus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Caesarea-Eusebia, Cappadocia
"Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey - 38°42'N, 35°28'E) was created by the Cappadocian Kings to be their capital and was originally known as Mazaca. Caesarea fell to the Romans as a result of Pompey the Great's eastern campaigns, although client kings continued to rule until 17 AD when Tiberius annexed the area as the province of Cappadocia, with Caesarea as its capital. Through subsequent provincial reorganizations Caesarea finally became the capital of Cappadocia Prima in the late fourth century. It served as a mint city from Tiberius's reign until that of Septimius Severus, although not continuously." - from Moneta Historical Research by Tom SchroerRP114010. Bronze AE 22, Ganschow 823h; RPC Online VI 6823/32; Sydenham Caesarea 575; SNG Cop VII 296 var. (obv. leg.); SNGvA 6518 var. (same), F, weight 8.681 g, maximum diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea-Eusebia (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 226 - 227 A.D.; obverse AY K CEOYH - AΛEΞANΔ, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust to right, seen from behind; reverse inscription in five lines: MH/TPOΠO/ΛEWC K/AICAPI/AC ET ς (Metropolis Caesarea, year 6);
Cappadocian Kingdom, Ariarathes III, c. 230 - 220 B.C.
Ariarathes III of Cappadocia as the son of Ariaramnes, married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, king of the Seleucid Empire and wife Laodice I. He ruled jointly with his father from 255 B.C. When his father died, c. 230 B.C. he became the sole ruler and was then the first ruler of Cappadocia to proclaim himself king (basileus). He sided with Antiochus Hierax in his war against Seleucus II Callinicus. Ariarathes is also said to have expanded his kingdom adding Cataonia to his dominions.GB111976. Bronze AE 18, Simonetta 2a; Simonetta Collection p. 124, 2; HGC 7 800 (R2); SNG Cop -; BMC Cappadocia -, aVF/F, green patina, earthen deposits, weight 5.295 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 180o, Tyana (Kemerhisar, Turkey) mint, c. 230 - 220 B.C.; obverse head right, wearing bashlyk; reverse horseman charging right, brandishing spear, small palm tree to right, APIAΘ above, ΔΣ over TYANA below; ex CNG e-auction 522 (24 Aug 2022), lot 148;
Lucius Verus, 7 March 161 - February 169 A.D., Caesarea, Cappadocia
Mount Erciyes (Argaios to the Greeks, Argaeus to the Romans) is a massive stratovolcano 25 km to the south of Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) in Turkey. The highest mountain in central Anatolia, with its summit reaching 3,916 meters (12,848 ft). It may have erupted as recently as 253 B.C., as may be depicted on Roman era coins. Strabo wrote that the summit was never free from snow and that those few who ascended it reported seeing both the Black Sea to the north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south in days with a clear sky.RP113004. Bronze AE 20, RPC Online IV.3 T6867; cf. Henseler 561 ff.; Ganschow 281d - f; BMC Galatia p. 70, 199; Sydenham Caesarea 360, aF, green patina, tight flan, weight 6.932 g, maximum diameter 20.4 mm, die axis 0o, Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey) mint, 163 - 164 A.D.; obverse AYT OYHP - CEBACTOC (or similar), laureate head right; reverse KAICAPEWN T Π APΓAIW, Mt. Argaeus, conical shape on peak, ET Γ (year 3) in exergue; ex Leu Numismatik AG Web Auction 24 (3 Dec 2022), lot 4995 part of;
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