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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Medieval & Modern Coins| ▸ |Armenian Cilicia||View Options:  |  |  | 
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

Outside the Armenian Highland and distinct from Armenian the Kingdom of Antiquity, Armenian Cilicia was a Christian kingdom formed by refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion. In 1198, with the crowning of Levon the Magnificent, Armenian Cilicia became a kingdom. The capital was originally at Tarsus, and later at Sis. Cilician Armenia thrived economically, with the port of Ayas serving as a center for East to West trade. The kingdom adopted Western European feudalism and customs for the nobility including chivalry, fashion, and the use of French titles, names, and language. The fall of Sis and then the fortress of Gaban to the Mamluks put an end to the kingdom in 1375. The last king, Levon V, was granted safe passage, and died in exile in Paris.Persian Empire

Crusaders, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Levon V, 1374 - 1375

|Armenian| |Cilicia|, |Crusaders,| |Armenian| |Kingdom| |of| |Cilicia,| |Levon| |V,| |1374| |-| |1375||obol|
Levon V was the last Latin king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. After ruling for only about a year, in 1375 he was overthrown and captured by the Mamluk Sultan. Levon was held hostage in Egypt with his wife and daughter for five years until ransomed by the King of Castile. The King of Castile named Levon Lord of Madrid and granted him for life the towns of Madrid, Andújar, Guadalajara and Villareal (today Ciudad Real) and a yearly gift of 150,000 maravedis. Levon went to Paris in 1384, and received the Saint-Ouen castle and a sizable pension from King Charles VI of France. He attempted to reconcile the French and the English (at the time fighting the Hundred Years' War) in order to set up a new crusade and obtain help to recover his lands, but was unsuccessful. Levon V never recovered his throne, and died in Paris on November 29, 1393.CR114482. Billon obol, Nercessian ACV 503, Bedoukian CCA -, aVF, toned, rev. off center, weight 0.540 g, maximum diameter 14.3 mm, Sis mint, 1374 - 1375; obverse Armenian legend: Levon King, crowned bust facing; reverse Armenian legend: Levon King, cross pattée, pellet in each quarter; ex Bertolami Fine Art auction E259 (20 May 2023), lot 855; rare; $110.00 (€103.40)
 


Crusaders, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Hetoum II, 1289 - 1293, 1295 - 1296, and 1301 - 1305 A.D.

|Armenian| |Cilicia|, |Crusaders,| |Armenian| |Kingdom| |of| |Cilicia,| |Hetoum| |II,| |1289| |-| |1293,| |1295| |-| |1296,| |and| |1301| |-| |1305| |A.D.||denier|
Hetoum II reigned three times. After a few difficult years of losses to the Mamluks, he ended his first reign by abdicating in favor of his brother Thoros III and entering a monastery. Two years later Thoros III asked Hetoum to take the throne again. While Hetoum was in Constantinople, his brother Smpad, ended his second reign by usurping the throne, and blinding and imprisoning him upon his return. Constantine, another brother, who had aided Smpad, then usurped the throne and freed Hetoum. Regaining his sight, Hetoum took the throne a third time. After more disastrous losses to the Mamluks, Hetoum abdicated his third reign, passing the crown to Thoros' teenage son, Leo III, and retiring to a monastery.CR113086. Billon denier, cf. Bedoukian CCA 1575 - 1580, Nercessian ACV 394, VF, die crack on obv., scratches, dark encrustations, edge chip, weight 0.528 g, maximum diameter 14.9 mm, die axis 0o, obverse Armenian inscription: + Hetoum King, crowned facing bust; reverse Armenian inscription: + of all the Armenians, cross potent, nothing in angles; $180.00 (€169.20)
 


Crusaders, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Roupen I, 1080 - 1095 A.D.

|Armenian| |Cilicia|, |Crusaders,| |Armenian| |Kingdom| |of| |Cilicia,| |Roupen| |I,| |1080| |-| |1095| |A.D.||Pogh|
Roupen I declared Cilicia independent from the Byzantine Empire in 1080, founding the Roupenian dynasty, which ruled Cilician Armenia until 1219. He led bold and successful military campaigns against the Byzantines, including capturing the fortress of Pardzerpert (today Andirin in Turkey), which became a stronghold of the new kingdom.SH65204. Bronze Pogh, Bedoukian CCA 1, Nercessian ACV 245, VF, weight 2.476 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, obverse Armenian legend: Raiben. (Roupen), cross within circle, pellets in quarters; reverse Armenian legend: Tsara ay (Servant of God), cross within circle, pellets in quarters; rare; SOLD


Crusaders, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Hetoum I, 1226 - 1270 A.D., Ex John Quincy Adams Collection

|John| |Q.| |Adams| |Collection|, |Crusaders,| |Armenian| |Kingdom| |of| |Cilicia,| |Hetoum| |I,| |1226| |-| |1270| |A.D.,| |Ex| |John| |Quincy| |Adams| |Collection||kardez|
Ex John Quincy Adams Collection, 6th President of the United States, and His Descendants, ex Massachusetts Historical Society Collection, ex Stack’s Sale, 5-6 March 1971.ME47630. Copper kardez, cf. Bedoukian CCA 1393 ff., Nercessian ACV 363 ff., aVF, weight 5.980 g, maximum diameter 28.8 mm, Sis mint, 1226 - 1270 A.D.; obverse Armenian inscription: Hetoum King of the Armenians, Hetoum seated facing on bench-like throne, fleur-de-lis tipped scepter (mace) in right, globus cruciger in left, star left; reverse Armenian inscription: Struck in the City of Sis, cross with wedges and a crescent in the angles; comes with a John Quincy Adams Collection tag from the Stacks Sale; SOLD










REFERENCES|

Bedoukian, P. Coinage of Cilician Armenia. ANSNNM 147. (1962).
Bedoukian, P. Medieval Armenian Coins. (Paris, 1971).
Bedoukian, P. "Two Hoards of Levon II Trams" in Selected Numismatic Studies II. (Los Angeles, 2003).
Kovacs, F. "Additions and corrections to Armenian coins and their Values" in Armenian Numismatic Journal 30/3. (2004).
Metcalf, D. "Classification of the Trams of Levon I of Cilician Armenia" in RBN CXVIII. (1972).
Nercessian, Y. Armenian Coins and Their Values. Armenian Numismatic Society, Special Publication No. 8. (Los Angeles, 1995).

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