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Marcus Aurelius, 7 March 161 - 17 March 180 A.D.
Minerva is the Roman goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare, justice, law, victory, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy. Minerva is not a patron of violence such as Mars, but of defensive war only. From the second century B.C., the Romans equated her with the Greek goddess Athena. She was also the virgin goddess of music, poetry, medicine, wisdom, commerce, weaving, and the crafts. She is often depicted with her sacred creature, an owl usually named as the "owl of Minerva", which symbolized her association with wisdom and knowledge as well as, less frequently, the snake and the olive tree. Minerva is commonly depicted as tall with an athletic and muscular build, as well as wearing armour and carrying a spear. As the most important Roman goddess, she is highly revered, honored, and respected. Minerva is one of the three Roman deities in the Capitoline Triad, along with Jupiter and Juno.RS97935. Silver denarius, unpublished bust var., RIC III 412 var. (laur. head), BMCRE IV 694 var. (same), RSC II 142a var. (laur. & cuirassed), Hunter II -, aVF, nice portrait, centered, flow lines, a little rough, edge ragged with small splits, Rome mint, weight 2.359g, maximum diameter 18.3mm, die axis 0o, 176 - 180 A.D.; obverse M AVREL ANTONINVS AVG, laureate and draped bust right, seen from behind; reverse COS III P P, Minerva standing half left, wearing crested helmet, olive branch downward in right hand, spear with point up and grounded oval shield in left hand; zero sales of this left facing bust variety listed on Coin Archives in the last two decades; extremely rare bust variety; SOLD
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