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    View Categories Home > Catalog > |Roman Coins| > |Constantinian Era| > |Constantine II| > RL92712
Constantine II, 22 May 337 - March or April 340 A.D.
|Constantine| |II|, |Constantine| |II,| |22| |May| |337| |-| |March| |or| |April| |340| |A.D.|, Theta (Θ) in the mintmark is the Greek numeral nine and indicates the coin was struck by the 9th officina (mint workshop). On earlier coins, a sum of Greek numerals, usually ΔE (4 + 5 = 9), was often used to indicate the 9th officina to avoid the use of theta. Because they sound alike, theta was associated with Thanatos, the personification of death and used as a warning symbol of death, in the same way that skull and crossbones are used in modern times. It survives on potsherds used by Athenians voting for the death penalty. Also, after a funeral "Nine Days of Sorrow" were solemnly observed by Roman families. Over time, and perhaps especially under Christian influence, the association of theta with death had faded.
RL92712. Billon reduced centenionalis, RIC VIII Constantinople 24, LRBC I 1054, SRCV V 17437, Hunter V -, aVF, well centered on tight flan cutting off tops of legends, red earthen deposits, slight porosity, 4th officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, weight 1.658g, maximum diameter 14.1mm, die axis 180o, as Augustus, 22 May 337 - 340 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, pearl and rosette diademed head right; reverse GLORIA EXERCITVS• (glory of the army), two soldiers standing facing, flanking one standard in center, heads confronted, each holds a spear in outer hand and rests inner hand on grounded shield, CONSΔ in exergue; SOLD










OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

CONSTANTINVSAVG
CONSTANTINVSIVNAVG
CONSTANTINVSIVNNC
CONSTANTINVSIVNNOBC
CONSTANTINVSIVNNOBCAES
CONSTANTINVSMAXAVG
CONSTANTINVSPFAVG
DNCONSTANTINVSIVNNOBCAES
DNFLCLCONSTANTINVSNOBC
FLCLCONSTANTINVSIVNNC
FLCLCONSTANTINVSPFAVG
IMPCONSTANTINVSAVG
VICCONSTANTINVSAVG

REFERENCES|

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Cloke, H. & L. Toone. The London Mint of Constantius & Constantine. (London, 2015).
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Milchev, S. The Coins of Constantine the Great. (Sophia, 2007).
Paolucci, R. & A. Zub. La monetazione di Aquileia Romana. (Padova, 2000).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. V. Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. (Oxford, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. IV: The Tetrarchies and the Rise of the House of Constantine: The Collapse of Paganism and the Triumph of Christianity, Diocletian To Constantine I, AD 284 - 337. (London, 2011).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. V: The Christian Empire: The Later Constantinian Dynasty and the Houses of Valentinian and Theodosius and Their Successors, Constantine II to Zeno, AD 337 - 491. (London, 2014).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).
Voetter, O. Die Münzen der romischen Kaiser, Kaiserinnen und Caesaren von Diocletianus bis Romulus: Katalog der Sammlung Paul Gerin. (Vienna, 1921).

Catalog current as of Friday, April 19, 2024.
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