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Lithuania, John II Casimir Vasa, 1648 - 1668
John II Casimir, known in Poland as Jan Kazimierz, was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Duke of Opole in Upper Silesia, and titular King of Sweden. Unfriendly and secretive, he showed disregard and contempt for Polish culture, divided his time between lavish partying and religious contemplation, and had few friends among the Polish nobility. After his father Sigismund was deposed as King of Sweden in 1599 by his uncle, the Polish kings of the House of Vasa retained their claimed the Swedish throne, leading to the Polish-Swedish War of 1600 - 1629. The feud continued through the Thirty Years' War, and the Russo-Polish war. During the "Swedish Deluge" nearly all of Poland was captured. In 1660, John was forced to renounce his claim to the Swedish throne. The Swedes were forced to retreat but had devastated the entire country. On 16 Sep 1668, John II Casimir abdicated the Polish-Lithuanian throne, joined the Jesuits and became abbot of Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés in Paris. He died in 1672.ME88010. Copper shilling, Gumowski 1868; SCWC KM 50, F, struck with worn dies, Wilna mint, weight 0.842g, maximum diameter 15.8mm, die axis 180o, 1664; obverse IOAN . - CAS . REX, laureate head right, T.L.B. below neck; reverse crown SOLI. MAG. DVC. LIT 1664, Vytis (coat of arms of Lithuania): knight on horseback riding left, sword in raised right hand, reins in left hand; HKPL monogram below; SOLD
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