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Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, 175 - 164 B.C.
Antiochus IV took the name Epiphanes (God Manifest). His subjects made a pun on his name, calling him Epimanes (madman). In 168 B.C., Antiochus IV ordered the Jews to worship Greek gods. The Temple in Jerusalem was seized and dedicated to Zeus. The Jews revolted and after three years of fighting, Judah Maccabee defeated the Seleukid army. Hanukkah, the Festival of Lights, commemorates the rededication of the Temple in 165 B.C. According to the Talmud, there was only enough consecrated olive oil to fuel the eternal flame in the Temple for one day. Miraculously, the oil burned for eight days, enough time to prepare and consecrate fresh oil. GY87386. Bronze AE 21, Houghton-Lorber II 1418(1)a, Houghton CSE 131, HGC 9 656 (R1), BMC Seleucid 61 var. (control), Babelon 631 var. (same), VF, well centered, black patina with red earthen highlighting, scratches, encrustations, some light corrosion, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, weight 8.345g, maximum diameter 21.0mm, die axis 0o, 168 - 164 B.C.; obverse radiate and diademed head of Antiochos IV right, one diadem end flying up, the other falling forward over shoulder; reverse Zeus standing slightly right, head left, wreath in raised right hand, ANTIOXEΩN downward on right, TΩN ΠPOΣ ΔAΦNΗI, A over M (control) outer left; rare; SOLD
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