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Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochus XII Dionysos, c. 87 - 84 B.C.
Antiochus XII was immediately challenged by the Nabataeans whose territories had grown during the Seleucids' perpetual fratricidal wars. While Antiochus was campaigning against the Nabataeans, these wars continued - Philip I took Damascus. Antiochus was forced to return to Damascus and evict his brother. Returning to the Nabataean front again, Antiochus, this time, had to overcome the resistance of Alexander Jannaeus en route. He soon perished in battle at the hands of the Nabataeans, leaving Damascus without a ruler. Damascus, the long time Southern stronghold of Seleucid power freely gave itself over to the benevolent rule of King Aretas III of Nabataea. GY46343. Bronze chalkon, Houghton-Lorber II 2478; Houghton CSE 866; SNG Spaer 2884 ff.; BMC Seleucid p. 102, 6; Galilee Hoard H73 (this coin), F, Damascus mint, weight 5.667g, maximum diameter 19.9mm, die axis 0o, third issue, c. 85 - 84 B.C.; obverse diademed and draped, lightly bearded bust of Antiochos XII right; reverse BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY EΠIΦANOYC ΦIΛOΠATOPOC KAΛΛINIKOY, Zeus standing left, Nike in right, long scepter in left hand, monogram outer left; ex Galilee Hoard (found north of the Sea of Galilee in 1989); SOLD
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