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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Late Empire| ▸ |Aelia Flaccilla||View Options:  |  |  |   

Aelia Flaccilla, Augusta 19 January 379 - 386 A.D., Wife of Theodosius I

Aelia Flavia Flaccilla was the wife of Theodosius I, who reigned 379 - 395 A.D., and mother of the emperors Arcadius and Honorius. She was born in Spain in the mid-fourth century to a prominent family. Her father, Antonius, was the Praefect of Gaul. In 376 she married a fellow Spaniard, Flavius Theodosius, who had just retired early from an army career because of the conviction and execution of his father, a high military commander, on treason charges. The following year saw the birth of her first child, Flavius Arcadius - the future Emperor Arcadius. In 378 her husband was summoned to active duty commanding the Roman forces facing the Visigoths on the Danube River. Theodosius succeeded in restoring Roman fortunes there (where the Emperor Valens had been killed at the battle of Hadrianopolis only months earlier - August 378), and was rewarded by the Emperor Gratian by being elevated to Augustus of the Eastern Empire on 19 January 379. Aelia Flaccilla thus found herself Empress, although the title of Augusta was withheld until the elevation of her son Arcadius to Augustus on January 19, 383. Another son, Flavius Honorius - the future Emperor Honorius - was born to her in September 384. She died in Thrace in 386 and is primarily remembered for her Christian piety and her benevolence to the poor. St. Ambrose describes her as "a soul true to God." Theodoret, in particular, exalts her humility, charity, and benevolence (Church History V.19, ed. Valesius, III, 192 sq.). He tells us how she personally tended the disabled. Aelia was honored by future empresses who took her first name as a title. She is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.

|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
The Christogram (also called a Monogramma Christi or Chrismon) is a ligature of Chi (X) and Rho (P), the first two letters of Christ in Greek. It was among the earliest symbols of Christianity. The crucifix was rarely used in early Christian iconography, perhaps because most people then had personally witnessed its gruesome use for public execution.
RL90166. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 61.3 (R), LRBC II 2747, SRCV V 20616, Cohen VIII 4, VF, black surfaces, superb portrait, weight 4.777 g, maximum diameter 23.2 mm, die axis 180o, 5th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, c. 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, T right, ANTΕ exergue; ex CNG auction 233, lot 482; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
On the throne Aelia Flaccilla was a shining example of Christian virtue and ardent charity. St. Ambrose describes her as "a soul true to God." Theodoret in particular exalts her humility, charity and benevolence (Church History V.19, ed. Valesius, III, 192 sq.). He tells us how she personally tended the disabled, and quotes a saying of hers: "To distribute money belongs to the imperial dignity, but I offer up for the imperial dignity itself personal service to the Giver." Aelia Flaccilla is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
SL94885. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX 82.1 (S) var. (only 5th officina listed), LRBC II 2170 var. (same), SRCV V 20618 var. (same), Cohen VIII 6, NGC XF, strike 4/5, surface 3/5, repatinated (6555578-003), weight 4.216 g, maximum diameter 24.1 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey) mint, c. 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), empress standing facing, head right, arms folded on breast, CONSB in exergue; NGC| Lookup; scarce; SOLD


Aelia Flaccilla, Augusta 19 January 379 - 386 A.D., Wife of Theodosius I

|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||half| |centenionalis|
Aelia Flaccilla was a fervent supporter of the Nicene Creed. Sozomen reports her preventing a conference between Theodosius and Eunomius of Cyzicus who served as figurehead of Anomoeanism, a sect of Arians. Ambrose and Gregory of Nyssa praise her Christian virtue and comment on her role as "a leader of justice" and "pillar of the Church." She is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
RL87785. Bronze half centenionalis, RIC IX Siscia 35.1 (R2), LRBC II 1566, SRCV V 20623, Cohen VIII 5, Hunter V -, VF, dark patina, bold strike, marks and scratches, slightly off center, earthen deposits, weight 1.255 g, maximum diameter 13.4 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Siscia (Sisak, Croatia) mint, 25 Aug 383 - autumn 384 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, ASIS• in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
Aelia Flavia Flaccilla was the wife of Theodosius I, who reigned 379 - 395 A.D., and mother of the emperors Arcadius and Honorius. She was known for her piety and generosity to the poor. Aelia was honored by future empresses who took her first name as a title. Aelia Flaccilla is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
RL32831. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Nicomedia 43.2 (R), LRBC II 2396, SRCV V 20619, Cohen VIII 6, EF, but flat strike areas, gem green patina, weight 3.989 g, maximum diameter 20.7 mm, die axis 180o, 4th officina, Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Aelia Flaccilla standing facing head right, arms folded on breast, SMNΔ in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||half| |centenionalis|
Aelia Flaccilla was a fervent supporter of the Nicene Creed. Sozomen reports her preventing a conference between Theodosius and Eunomius of Cyzicus who served as figurehead of Anomoeanism, a sect of Arians. Ambrose and Gregory of Nyssa praise her Christian virtue and comment on her role as "a leader of justice" and "pillar of the Church." She is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
RL65425. Bronze half centenionalis, RIC IX Siscia 35.1 (R2), LRBC II 1566, SRCV V 20623, Cohen VIII 5, Choice EF, weight 1.168 g, maximum diameter 13.4 mm, die axis 45o, 2nd officina, Siscia (Sisak, Croatia) mint, 25 Aug 383 - autumn 384 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, BSIS• in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||half| |centenionalis|
Aelia Flaccilla died of natural causes early in 386. Her death is mentioned by (among others) Claudian, Zosimus, Philostorgius and Joannes Zonaras. According to the Chronicon Paschale, the palatium Flaccillianum of Constantinople was named in her honor. A statue of her was placed within the Byzantine Senate.
RL88060. Bronze half centenionalis, RIC IX Antioch 64 (R), LRBC II 2744, SRCV V 20628, Cohen VIII 5, Hunter V -, EF, dark patina, nice portrait, light scratches, light earthen deposits, weight 1.267 g, maximum diameter 13.9 mm, die axis 0o, 5th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right, inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, ANE in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
Aelia Flavia Flaccilla was the wife of Theodosius I, who reigned 379 - 395 A.D., and mother of the emperors Arcadius and Honorius. She was known for her piety and generosity to the poor. Aelia was honored by future empresses who took her first name as a title. Aelia Flaccilla is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
RL93291. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Heraclea 25.2 (S), LRBC II 1982, SRCV V 20617, Cohen VIII 6, Hunter V -, Choice VF, well centered, black patina, red earthen deposits, tiny edge splits, weight 4.195 g, maximum diameter 24.0 mm, die axis 0o, 1st officina, Heraclea (Marmara Ereglisi, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Aelia Flaccilla standing facing, head right, arms folded on breast, star left, cross right, •SMHA in exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection; scarce; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||half| |centenionalis|
Aelia Flaccilla was a fervent supporter of the Nicene Creed. Sozomen reports her preventing a conference between Theodosius and Eunomius of Cyzicus who served as figurehead of Anomoeanism, a sect of Arians. Ambrose and Gregory of Nyssa praise her Christian virtue and comment on her role as "a leader of justice" and "pillar of the Church." She is commemorated as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church; her feast day is 14 September.
RL70543. Bronze half centenionalis, RIC IX Siscia 35.2 (R2), LRBC II 1566, SRCV V 20623, Cohen VIII 5, VF, excellent centering, weight 0.926 g, maximum diameter 13.3 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Siscia (Sisak, Croatia) mint, 25 Aug 383 - autumn 384 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Victory seated right inscribing Christogram on shield set on cippus, BSIS? in exergue; rare; SOLD


|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
Aelia Flaccilla, like her husband Theodosius, was of Hispanian-Roman descent. She may have been the daughter of Claudius Antonius, Prefect of Gaul, who was consul in 382. Her marriage with Theodosius probably took place in the year 376, when Theodosius' father fell into disfavor and he withdrew to Cauca in Gallaecia.
RL84859. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 62 (S), LRBC II 2760, SRCV V 20621 corr. (mislabeled Cyzicus), Cohen VIII 6, VF, nice portrait, attractive patina, light porosity, weight 4.522 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 135o, 5th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Aelia Flaccilla standing facing, head right, arms folded on breast, ANTE exergue; ex Colosseum Coin Exchange; scarce; SOLD


Aelia Flaccilla, Augusta 19 January 379 - 386 A.D., Wife of Theodosius I

|Aelia| |Flaccilla|, |Aelia| |Flaccilla,| |Augusta| |19| |January| |379| |-| |386| |A.D.,| |Wife| |of| |Theodosius| |I||maiorina|
Aelia Flaccilla, like her husband Theodosius, was of Hispanian-Roman descent. She may have been the daughter of Claudius Antonius, Prefect of Gaul, who was consul in 382. Her marriage with Theodosius probably took place in the year 376, when Theodosius' father fell into disfavor and he withdrew to Cauca in Gallaecia.
SL93293. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antiochia 62 (S), LRBC II 2760, SRCV V 20621 corr. (mislabeled Cyzicus), Cohen VIII 6, Hunter V 13, NGC Ch VF, strike 5/5, surface 2/5, scratches (5770028-009), weight 4.903 g, maximum diameter 21.9 mm, die axis 0o, 5th officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 25 Aug 383 - 386 A.D.; obverse AEL FLACCILLA AVG, diademed and draped bust right, wearing earring, necklace and elaborate mantle, hair in plait up the back and top of head; reverse SALVS REIPVBLICAE (health of the Republic), Aelia Flaccilla standing facing, head right, arms folded on breast, ANTE exergue; from the Errett Bishop Collection, NGC| Lookup; scarce; SOLD




  




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AEL FLACCILLA AVG

REFERENCES

Carson, R., P. Hill & J. Kent. Late Roman Bronze Coinage. (London, 1960).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 8: Nepotian to Romulus Augustus, plus tesserae & cotorniates. (Paris, 1888).
Depeyrot, G. Les monnaies d'or de Constantin II à Zenon (337-491). Moneta 5. (Wetteren, 1996).
Hahn, W. Moneta Imperii Romani-Byzantinii. (Vienna, 1989).
King, C. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Vol. V, Carausius to Romulus Augustus. (London, 1987).
Pearce, J. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol. IX, Valentinian I - Theodosius I. (London 1933).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. V. Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. (Oxford, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. V: The Christian Empire...Constantine II to Zeno, AD 337 - 491. (London, 2014).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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