Yes but it would be nice if you could preview an image on a large computer screen so as to finely adjust the lighting before you actually took the picture.
What you are talking about is called tethered shooting. As Andreas has already stated there are several high end digital SLR cameras that can preform this task. A webcam
can do this, but the
quality will be shoddy at best and the camera adjustments are non-existent. Canon SLRs with the Live View function are able to connect with your computer with Canon's free
software, Digital Photo Professional, to show the actual view through the lens on your computer screen. The camera
software allows
complete manual control from your computer with just the click of the mouse. You can
fine tune the focus at magnifications up to 200%. Aperture, shutter speed, ISO, white balance and exposure compensation can all be controlled with the click of the mouse.
Nikon DSLR cameras do not provide free
software to shoot tethered, but you can purchase Nikon's Camera Control
Pro. There are other third party programs on the market that will allow tethered shooting with compatible DSLRs such as Adobe Lightroom, Capture One and Apple's Aperture 2. These are programs mostly used in a studio setting where the client gets to view, select, and purchase their photos immediately, but they
work wonderfully for macro photography. (I recently started shooting all my coin photos tethered.)
Another recent advancement in the photography world is wireless tethering with some newer model cameras having built in wireless capabilities, or at least having an optional wireless attachment.
Even though prices are dropping, and some of the less expensive DSLR camera models are offering tethered shooting capabilities, it is
still a costly to purchase the equipment and
software needed, and there is no inexpensive alternative to my knowledge (for now). If anyone knows of an inexpensive way to shoot tethered, please illumine me.
Respectfully,
Danny