FORVM`s Classical Numismatics Discussion Board

Antiquities Discussion Forums => Other Metal Antiquities => Topic started by: SC on April 25, 2020, 01:53:46 pm

Title: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 01:53:46 pm
I am starting another new topic.

This is for information on ancient arrowheads and catapult bolt heads from academic studies and excavation reports.

Please do not post from auction catalogues, dealer sites, detector finds or personal collections.

If you wish to post, you must include the reference details.  Also, please include lengths possible and materials if it is not clear.

Here is the first.  This image is from: Deschler-Erb, Eckhard.  Ad arma! Romisches Militar des 1. Jahrhunderts n.Chr. in Augusta Raurica, 1999.

All items are described as iron arrowheads and assumed to be Roman and 1st century AD from the context.  Lengths, from the catalogue, are:

85. 70 mm, socketed pyramidal head
86. 63 mm, socketed pyramidal head
87. 51 mm, socketed pyramidal head
88. 74 mm, socketed pyramidal head
89. 69 mm, socketed pyramidal head
90. 50 mm, socketed pyramidal head
91. 74 mm, socketed leaf head
92. 64 mm, socketed leaf head
93. 75 mm, tanged pyramidal head

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 02:02:55 pm
Another image from: Deschler-Erb, Eckhard.  Ad arma! Romisches Militar des 1. Jahrhunderts n.Chr. in Augusta Raurica, 1999.

34-40 are described as iron catapult bolt heads; 42-47 as iron plum heads. All are assumed to be Roman and 1st century AD from the context.  Lengths, from the catalogue, are:

34. 97 mm, socketed pyramidal head
35. 78 mm, socketed pyramidal head
36. 47 mm, socketed pyramidal head
37. 97 mm, tanged pyramidal head
38. 79 mm, tanged pyramidal head
39. 80 mm, tanged pyramidal head
40. 75 mm, tanged pyramidal head

42. 298 mm
43. 145 mm
44. 136 mm
45. 107 mm
46. 94 mm
47. 152 mm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on April 25, 2020, 03:27:41 pm
Bronze arrowheads from ancient Persia.
Source: Catalogue of The Ancient Persian Bronzes in the Ashmolean Museum by P. R. S. Moorey, 1971. Moorey Ashmolean


Late second to early first millennium BC:
64. 122 mm, deltoid blade, square-sectioned tang
65. 117 mm, deltoid blade, square-sectioned tang
66. 113 mm, deltoid blade, square-sectioned tang
67. 102 mm, barbed deltoid blade, rounded tang
68. 110 mm, barbed deltoid blade, square-sectioned tang
69. 155 mm, ovate blade, square-sectioned tang
70. 125 mm, ovate blade, square-sectioned tang
71. 163 mm, pointed ovate blade, square-sectioned tang
72. 139 mm, ovate blade, square-sectioned tang
73. 119 mm, pointed ovate blade, square-sectioned tang
74. 135 mm, lanceolate blade, square-sectioned tang
75. 134 mm, lanceolate blade, square-sectioned tang
76. 125 mm, lanceolate blade, square-sectioned tang
77. 59 mm, head of tapering pyramidal form, square-sectioned tang (broken)
78. 88 mm, tapering pyramidal form, square-sectioned tang
79. 114 mm, tapering pyramidal form, square-sectioned tang
80. 146 mm, tapering pyramidal form, square-sectioned tang

Mid-to-late first millennium BC:
81. 34 mm, Trilobate, socketed
82. 35 mm, trilobate, socketed
83. 46 mm, trilobate, socketed

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 04:18:20 pm
From: Vujovic, Miroslav B. and Jelena Lj. Cvijetic.  The Slings and Arrows of Outrageous Fortune: Long-range Fighting Units on the Roman Limes in Serbia, in Vivere Military East, Vol. I, 2018. Vujovic and Cvijetic - PDF (https://www.academia.edu/37602683/THE_SLINGS_AND_ARROWS_OF_OUTRAGEOUS_FORTUNE_LONG-RANGE_FIGHTING_UNITS_ON_THE_ROMAN_LIMES_IN_SERBIA)

Iron arrowheads from a Germanic grave circa 430-450 AD.  No measurements but note 2 cm scale in bottom right.

43-45  Tanged rhomboid.
36-40  Tanged trilobate.
41-42  Tanged triangular cross-section.

 

 
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 04:21:18 pm
More from: Vujovic, Miroslav B. and Jelena Lj. Cvijetic.  The Slings and Arrows of Outrageous Fortune: Long-range Fighting Units on the Roman Limes in Serbia, in Vivere Military East, Vol. I, 2018. Vujovic and Cvijetic - PDF (https://www.academia.edu/37602683/THE_SLINGS_AND_ARROWS_OF_OUTRAGEOUS_FORTUNE_LONG-RANGE_FIGHTING_UNITS_ON_THE_ROMAN_LIMES_IN_SERBIA)

Iron arrowheads, Roman finds, circa 350-425 AD.  No measurements but note 5 cm scale in bottom right.

All tanged trilobate.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 04:23:19 pm
From: Vujovic, Miroslav B. and Jelena Lj. Cvijetic.  The Slings and Arrows of Outrageous Fortune: Long-range Fighting Units on the Roman Limes in Serbia, in Vivere Military East, Vol. I, 2018. Vujovic and Cvijetic - PDF (https://www.academia.edu/37602683/THE_SLINGS_AND_ARROWS_OF_OUTRAGEOUS_FORTUNE_LONG-RANGE_FIGHTING_UNITS_ON_THE_ROMAN_LIMES_IN_SERBIA)

Iron arrowheads from Roman finds circa 3rd-4th century AD.  No measurements provided.

All tanged square cross-section, aka bodkin arrowheads.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 04:26:31 pm
From: Vujovic, Miroslav B. and Jelena Lj. Cvijetic.  The Slings and Arrows of Outrageous Fortune: Long-range Fighting Units on the Roman Limes in Serbia, in Vivere Military East, Vol. I, 2018. Vujovic and Cvijetic - PDF (https://www.academia.edu/37602683/THE_SLINGS_AND_ARROWS_OF_OUTRAGEOUS_FORTUNE_LONG-RANGE_FIGHTING_UNITS_ON_THE_ROMAN_LIMES_IN_SERBIA)

Iron arrowheads from Roman finds circa 3rd-4th century AD.  No measurements for fig. 10, not 2 cm scale in fig. 11.

Fig. 10, socketed flat leaf blade.

Fig. 11, fire arrow, 8.5 cm long, only such find from Serbia.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on April 25, 2020, 06:49:45 pm
From Tools and Weapons by W. M. Flinders Petrie, 1917. Sizes are not provided. Further information may be gleaned from pp. 33 - 35: Petrie Tools - PDF (https://ia800902.us.archive.org/27/items /toolsweaponsillu00petr/toolsweaponsillu00petr.pdf)

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 06:58:20 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron tanged trilobate arrowhead
63.  2.8 cm

Iron tanged square cross-section (aka bodkin) arrowhead
64.  5.9 cm
65.  5.7 cm
66.  5.3 cm
67.  5.8 cm
68.  7.7 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 06:58:52 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron socketed square cross-section (aka bodkin) arrowhead
69.  9.8 cm
70.  6.5 cm
71.  4.8 cm
72.  6.1 cm

Iron socketed flat barbed arrowhead
73.  6.2 cm
74.  6.1 cm
75.  6.1 cm
76.  6.4 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 07:00:07 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron socketed flat barbed arrowhead
77.  4.8 cm
78.  5 cm
79.  5.4 cm
80.  5.5 cm
81.  5.9 cm
82.  6.3 cm
83.  5.4 cm
84.  6.7 cm
85.  6.8 cm

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 07:05:14 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron socketed square cross-section (aka bodkin) catapult bolt head
95.  7.5 cm
96.  8 cm
97.  8.2 cm
98.  8.4 cm
99.  8.9 cm
100.  11.5 cm
101.  9 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 07:05:53 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron socketed square cross-section (aka bodkin) catapult bolt head
102.  12.4 cm
103.  14 cm
104.  9.5 cm
105.  8.6 cm
106.  10 cm
107.  5.8 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on April 25, 2020, 07:07:12 pm
From Art of Ancient Iran by Houshang Mahboubian, 1997. The page devoted to ancient Iranian arrowheads neither differentiates types nor provides specific sizes. As stated in the caption, with the exception of the two iron arrowheads in the center, all are bronze, with an average length of 80 mm. These are typically dated late second to early first millennium BC.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 07:13:11 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron socketed square cross-section (aka bodkin) catapult bolt head
114.  11.7 cm
115.  15.1 cm
116.  13.4 cm

Iron tanged square cross-section (aka bodkin) catapult bolt head
117.  10.9 cm
118.  14 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 25, 2020, 07:13:51 pm
Images from Radman-Livaja, Ivan.  Militaria Sisciensia: Nalazi rimske vojne opreme iz Siska u fundusu Arheoloskoga muzeja u Zagrebu, 2004.

From Roman context finds at Siscia

Iron tanged square cross-section (aka bodkin) catapult bolt head
119.  12 cm
120.  9.7 cm
121.  9.5 cm
122.  8.6 cm
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Joe Sermarini on April 26, 2020, 11:42:51 am
Nice.  Thanks.  Eventually I will work these into the NumisWiki Ancient Metal Arrowheads page. (Or someone else can - it is a wiki).
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 26, 2020, 12:16:16 pm
From Christopher Unz and Eckhard Deschler-Erb, Katalog der Militaria aus Vindonissa, 1997.

All are iron unless otherwise noted and are Roman from context.  1st to 4th century unless otherwise noted.  Length not given as illustrated 1/3 scale.  However actual page size is unknown in digital format.

336-340 = bronze arrowheads; 2.9g – 6g
336, 338-340, 341, 343-358 = tanged, trefoil;  0.6 – 2.4g (except 336 2.9g, 338-339 6g)
337 = socketed, barbed; 3.9g
342 = tanged, flat triangular leaf; 8.1g
359-371 = socketed, flat triangular leaf; 1.9 – 8.1g
372-378 = socketed single-barb; 3.4 – 7.7g
379-382 = tanged, square cross-section (aka bodkin); 3.8 – 4.8g
383-384 = socketed, flat cross-section; 9.5g/9.6g
385-387 = socketed, square cross-section (aka bodkin); 5.3g/5.4g/10.6g
388-398 = wooden arrow shaft fragments
399-406 = iron reinforcements for ends of bows
407-420 = bone reinforcements for ends of bows

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: quadrans on April 26, 2020, 12:19:43 pm
Great work both of you ... +++

 Joe/Q.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 26, 2020, 12:56:13 pm
From Christopher Unz and Eckhard Deschler-Erb, Katalog der Militaria aus Vindonissa, 1997.

All are iron unless otherwise noted and are Roman from context.  1st to 4th century unless otherwise noted.  Length not given as illustrated 1/3 scale.  However actual page size is unknown in digital format.

421-426 = tanged, round cross-section catapult bolt head; 8-22g, avg. 13g.
427-458 = tanged, square cross-section catapult bolt head; 16-33g, avg. 22-24g.
459-486 = socketed, square cross-section catapult bolt head; 12-40g, avg. 16g & 25g.
487-494, 498 = socketed, double-conic head catapult bolt; 13-25g, avg. 20g.
495-497, 502 = socketed, hexagonal cross-section catapult bolt head; 26g/22g/14g/21g.
499-501 = socketed, tapering with no clear head, catapult bolt; 21g/17g/26g.
503-505 = socketed, with clearly defined short square cross-section head, catapult bolt; 36g.
506-510 = socketed, with very long square cross-section head, catapult bolt; 25g-65g.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 26, 2020, 01:04:16 pm
From Christopher Unz and Eckhard Deschler-Erb, Katalog der Militaria aus Vindonissa, 1997.

All are iron unless otherwise noted and are Roman from context.  1st to 4th century unless otherwise noted.  Length not given as illustrated 1/3 scale.  However actual page size is unknown in digital format.

511 = socketed, rhomboid cross-section catapult bolt head; 132g.
512-517 = socketed, triangular cross-section catapult bolt head; 25g - 122g.
518 =  square cross-section socket, square cross-section head; 84g.
519-546 = socketed, tapering with no clear head, crossbow bolt; 44-194g, avg. 70g & 90g & 150g.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on April 26, 2020, 01:06:28 pm
As with the spearheads I think that this pretty much covers Roman arrowheads and catapult bolt heads.

We need to find info on the so-called Scythian bronze arrowheads that seem to have been used for over 1000 years, Greek, Steppe Nomads, Medieval, etc.

SC
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on April 26, 2020, 01:42:23 pm
We need to find info on the so-called Scythian bronze arrowheads...

I have on occasion used Marina Daragan's Arrowheads of Prescythian and Early Scythian Time: Manufacturing Techniques, Metrology, and Marks, available on academia.edu.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Joe Sermarini on June 09, 2020, 10:53:30 am
I believe the trilobate bladed arrowheads are all bronze not iron (I modified the posts above). Iron arrowheads are hammered, not cast. It is almost impossible to hammer iron to make a trilobate bladed (bladed being the important distinction) arrowhead.

The Ancient Metal Arrowheads page on NumisWiki has additional references.

I just added NumisWiki pages for the references above.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: SC on June 09, 2020, 12:18:09 pm
The tiny so-called scythian trilobite or triangular cross-section arrowheads are all cast bronze, but the standard Roman arrowhead is an iron trilobate arrowhead.  These larger Roman ones are never bronze.

This was no problem for Romans to forge these from iron as has been shown be re-enacators / living archaeology.

SC


Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Joe Sermarini on June 09, 2020, 03:42:54 pm
Interesting. I changed it back. I have never seen an iron trilobate bladed arrowhead. Triangular solid (bodkin), I have seen but not bladed.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on March 13, 2022, 02:59:56 pm
Iranian tanged bronze arrowheads, from I. N. Medvedskaya’s Iran: Iron Age I. Second millennium BC dating on left of chart. The classifications I-V are based on the form of the blades. In most cases the dimensions are not provided, although Medvedskaya does mention that examples of Type I range between 3.2 cm to 13 cm.

According to Medvedskaya, iron arrowheads were not produced in Iran until Iron Age II (c. 1000 – 800 BC), and “they mostly repeat types I and IIa”. He concurs with P. R. S. Moorey (Catalogue of the Ancient Persian Bronzes in the Ashmolean Museum) that “arrowheads of both periods (Iron Age I and II in Iran) are not differentiated territorially…but it should be noted that arrowheads with a drooping barb and ‘wings’ predominate in the northern areas (Talish, Khurvin, and Marlik).”

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on March 13, 2022, 03:03:25 pm
Bronze tanged arrowheads from Western Asia, from I. N. Medvedskaya’s Iran: Iron Age I. Second millennium BC (late Bronze Age through end of Iron Age I) dating to left. Sizes not provided.

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on March 13, 2022, 03:05:42 pm
First millennium BC bronze socketed arrowheads of Iran, from I. N. Medvedskaya’s Iran: Iron Age I. Dating to left. Sizes not provided.

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: quadrans on March 15, 2022, 05:42:23 pm
Hi, Bob,

 Great help, Thanks ... +++

 Joe
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:14:21 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowheads 1-9 are deltoid in form and made of bronze. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#1 – The authors cite a similar arrowhead from Assyria, dated to 1200-800 BC. The type was also used during that same period in Egypt, according to Malloy.
#2 – The authors cite a similar, though iron, arrowhead dated to mid-7th century BC from Ayanis, Turkey.
#3 – The authors cite a similar arrowhead dated c. 1450-1350 BC from excavations at Agha-Evlar (Iran). Medvedskaya dates this type to c. 1250 BC.
#4 – The authors relate this to an arrowhead from Ayanis, dated late 9th to early 8th century BC.
#6 – The authors cite a similar arrowhead from Sarm, Iran, dated to Iron Age II, 1200-800 BC.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:16:46 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of
Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowheads 10-18 are deltoid in form and made of bronze. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#10 and #11 – The authors compare these arrowheads to a similar one from Karchaghbyur, Armenia that dates to the 8th-7th century BC.
#12-#16 – This type is dated by Medvedskaya to c. 1200 BC.
#18 – The authors compare this arrowhead to an iron example of similar form from the Hasanlu Period IVB. (I believe c. 800 BC.)
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:19:24 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowheads 19-27 are deltoid in form and made of bronze. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

The authors relate all arrowheads in the group to an iron example of similar form from the Hasanlu Period IVB. (I believe c. 800 BC.)
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:22:38 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowhead #28 is deltoid in form; #29-36 are oblanceolate in form. All here are made of bronze. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#28 – The authors relate this arrowhead to an iron example of similar form from the Hasanlu Period IVB. (I believe c. 800 BC.)
#29-36 – The authors compare these to similar arrowheads “excavated at Tell el-Ajjul, dated to Dynasty XVIII of Egypt (1549–1298 B.C.) and Megiddo stratum IX (1550-1479 B.C.) and VIII (1479-1350 B.C.)”
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:24:52 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of
Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowheads #37-45 are oblanceolate in form. #41 and #42 are copper; all others here are made of bronze. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#38 – Somewhat rhomboid blade. The authors relate this arrowhead to a similar example from Megiddo stratum V (ca. 1050-1000 B.C.).
#39-41 – The authors compare these to similar arrowheads “…from Tell Defenneh and the palace of Apries at Memphis, dating to the Dynasty XXVI (664-525 B.C.) and the Persian Age of Egypt, respectively.”
#44 – The authors compare this arrowhead to a similar one from the Late Bronze Age temple at Kamid el-Loz, Lebanon.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:28:05 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowhead #46 is oblanceolate in form and is made of schist. All others in this group are made of bronze and are lanceolate, lozenge-shaped, or ovate in form. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#46 – The authors speculate that this arrowhead, along with #42-45 in the previous group, may be from “various sites of Late Bronze Age Egypt and the Near East.”
#47 – The authors compare this to a similar arrowhead from the “Late Bronze Age temple at Amman, dated to c. 1400- c.1200 B.C.”
#48 – The authors relate this one to a similar arrowhead from the necropolis of Namin, Iran, dated to the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age.
#49 - #51 – Medvedskaya dates this general type to c. 1000 BC.
#52 – The authors compare this to similar examples from Hasanlu Period IVB and IV.
#53 and #54 – The authors relate these to similar examples from Hasanlu Period IVB.

Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:31:18 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

Arrowhead #55 is lozenge shaped; #56-#57 are ovate in form; #58 has a spade shaped blade; #59 is oblong; and the remainder in this group are trilobate. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image.

Additional information about some in this group:
#55 – Related by the authors to a similar example from Hasanlu Period IVB.
#56 – The authors compare this to a similar example from Late Bronze Age temple at Kamid el-Loz, Lebanon.
#57 – The authors relate this one to similar examples from Tell el-Ajjul (Gaza) and Yorgan Tepe (Iraq) stratum II (1475 BC).
#58 and #59 – The authors compare these arrowheads to similar examples from the Late Bronze Age temple at Kamid el-Loz, Lebanon.
#60-#63 – Dated to the Achaemenid Period.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:33:04 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

All in this group are trilobate. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image. All are compared to similar arrowheads dating to the Achaemenid Period, and all are said to have counterparts “among the arrowheads obtained from Tall-I Takht, Pasargadae.” (Capital of the Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great)
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:35:17 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

All in this group are trilobate. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image. All are compared to similar arrowheads dating to the Achaemenid Period. #77-#81 are compared “to some of the arrowheads unearthed from Levels I and II of the Achaemenid Village at Susa.”
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:37:44 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

All in this group are trilobate. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image. All are compared to similar arrowheads dating to the Achaemenid Period.

Additional information about this group:
#82-#84 – The authors relate these to “leaded bronze arrowheads excavated from Tumulus T6 at Daskyleion, dated to the 5th and 4th centuries B.C.”
#85 and #86 – The authors state these are similar to some arrowheads excavated at Persepolis.
#87 – This arrowhead is compared to a similar one of the Achaemenid Period from Sorkh-Dagh Tepe at Nad-i-Ali.
#88 – The authors compare this one to examples of Kyuzeli-gyr from the 6th through 3rd centuries BC.
#89 and #90 – The authors relate these to similar arrowheads discovered in Turkey, dated to the 7th through 2nd centuries BC.
Title: Re: Arrow & Bolt Head References
Post by: Kamnaskires on September 02, 2023, 11:40:14 pm
Source:
Khonsarinejad, E., Riahiyan Gohorti, R., Tavakoli, S. (2023). "Arrowheads in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman, An Introduction." Historia i Świat, 12, 73–96. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2023.12.05

All of these arrowheads were acquired through clandestine activities in Iran and were confiscated by the authorities in Kerman Province, Southeastern Iran. They are stored in the cultural-historical property repository of the Administration of Cultural Heritage of Kerman.

All in this group are trilobate. Dimensions (cm) and notes are provided in the image. All are compared to similar arrowheads dating to the Achaemenid Period.

Additional notes about the arrowheads in this group:
#91 and #92 – The authors relate these to arrowheads from Kalabaktepe at Miletus and Didyma, dated to c. 600 – 500 BC.
#93 – The authors relate this one to a possibly-Parthian surface find from Shahr-i-Qumis, dating to c. 1st century BC through 3rd century AD. However, they also see similarities between the arrowhead and slightly earlier examples dating to c. 260-145 BC from “the arsenal of Ai-Khanoum.”
#94 – This one may be Parthian, 3rd century BC through 2nd century AD.