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Hendrix (Hendrix-Drey-Storfjel)

Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).

Available Online

Illustrations vi
Foreword viii
Preface x

Chapter l: Researching Pottery Morphology 1

Chapter 2: Analyzing Ancient Pottery 7

Chapter 3: Standardizing Pottery Terminology 24
The Problem of Subjectivity 24
Function-based Terminology 25
Form-based Paradigm 26
Explanation of the Form-based Paradigm 28
Bowl Forms 37
Jar Forms 45
Jug Forms 51
Typology and Chronology 55

Chapter 4: Summarizing Ancient Chronology 57
History of Periodization 57
Relative and Absolute Chronology 58
Archaeological Periods 58

Chapter 5: Characterizing Archaeological Periods 73
The Late Neolithic Period 78
The Chalcolithic Period 84
The Early Bronze Age 96
The Middle Bronze Age 135
The Late Bronze Age 146
The Iron Age 158
The Hellenistic Period 203
The Roman Period 218
The Byzantine Period 237
The Early Islamic Periods 251
The Late Islamic Periods 289

Glossary 307
Bibliography 325
Index 337

Available Online

Summarized highlights of the the first three chapters follow:

The "Root" Forms of Ancient Pottery - Bowl, Jar, and Jug

Source: Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).

Virtually all vessels can be divided into these tbree basic categories which are called "root" forms: bowl, jar, and jug. A bowl is an "open" vessel, with a minimum mouth diameter that is >50% of the maximum diameter of the vessel. Jugs and jars are "closed" vessels, with a minimum mouth diameter that is >50% of the maximum diameter of the vessel. If a closed vessels has a pouring lip it is a jug; if not, the vessel is a jar. Each "root" form has sub forms and types. Sub forms and types are determined by size, shape, and function.

Hendrix, Figure 12. Open and closed vessel forms. D = maximum outer diameter; M = minimum mouth diameter.)

The Sizes of Ancient Pottery

The size is a primary element in determining the type of an ancient pottery vessel. Some examples include: a very small bowl might be a cup, a very large jug might be an amphora, and a very small jug might be a juglet. The size of bowls is measured by maximum diameter and depth as a percentage (maximum height to maximum diameter). The size of jars and jugs is determined by the maximum height of the rim.

Hendrix, Table 4. Root form term/dimension correlations.

Determining Bowl Sub Forms Based on Diameter and Depth

Sub forms are determined by diameter and depth as a percentage of diameter as follows:

Type Diameter Depth

Cup Small (<10 cm) Deep - Very deep (>75%)

Plate                  Small - Medium (<25 cm)           Shallow (<20%)
Platter                Large - Very Large (>24.9 cm) Shallow (<20%)
Storage Vat        Very Large (>75 cm)                  Deep - Very deep (>75%)

Other Bowls All sizes not included in the sub forms above

Determining Jar and Jug Sub Forms Based on Height

The sub forms and types of jars and jugs are determined only in part by height. The chart below addresses height. Other characteristics will be discussed later.

Hendrix, Table 4. Jar and jug form size matrix.

Typical Bowl Forms

Source: Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).

Hendrix, Figures 17 - 20. Typical bowl forms.

Hendrix, Figure 21. Bowl forms relative to a human scale.

Typical Jar Forms

Source: Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).

Hendrix, Figures 23 - 25. Typical jar forms.

Hendrix, Figure 26. Jar forms relative to a human scale.

Typical Jug Forms

Source: Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).

Hendrix, Figures 27 - 28. Typical jug forms.

Hendrix, Figure 29. Jar forms relative to a human scale.

Describing The Parts Of Ancient Pottery

Source: Hendrix, R., P. Drey, J. Storfjel. Ancient Pottery of Transjordan - An Introduction Utilizing Published Whole Forms Late Neolithic through Late Islamic. (Berrien Springs, MI, 2015).