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XXI
The Aucissa fibula group, a Roman tube hing bow fibula (class B6) type, dated to the 1st century A.D. is made up of the main Aucissa type fibulae and a large variety of derivatives types. The standard type Aucissa fibulae are tube hinged with ribbon like bow.
Sub-types include:
Bagendon Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type with knobs on the sides of the bow.
Two-Pin Aucissa Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type with two pins, one on each side of the bow.
Wolf Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type, the bow or foot is decorated with the appearance of a wolf 's head.
Dacian Molded Bow Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type, ridges on the bow.
Hrusica Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type, knobs on each side of the head, and at the foot (similar to crossbow fibula knobs, but ignore the knobs and it is clearly an Aucissa type).
Lattice Fibula - Aucissa fibula sub-type, normal Aucissa form but openwork lattice bow.
Image: The classic Aucissa fibula type. Note the hinge mechanism, the high arch of the bow, and the flat ribbon bow form with raised central rib. (SC Collection)
Image: Front view of the same Aucissa fibula with typical form of the head. A name, such as AVCISSA, would appear on either the wider top line or the narrower central line, though this example has no writing. (SC Collection)
Image: View of the foot of the same fibula showing that it is a standard (variant 1) Aucissa type with the large button or knob at the end of the catch. (SC Collection)
Image: Though it is hard to be certain, given the damage to the catch, this is possibly a Bojovic variant 2 Aucissa without a knob on the catch. (SC Collection)
Image: This tiny Aucissa fibula variant (only 31 mm long!) has a semi-circular cross-section bow, no knob on the foot, and, interestingly, a small ring riveted to the head. A chain was once attached to this ring and likely attached to a ring on another fibula - likely of the same type though perhaps a completely different type. (SC Collection)
Image: This Aucissa variant fibula, heavily damaged, has a nearly circular cross-section bow. More unusually, is appears to have had a spring instead of a hinge. (SC Collection)
Found in several sub-types depending mainly on the form of the head and the length of the bow. Decoration of the foot of the bow often includes a two circular "eyes" under a chevron (representing ears( and over a long "snout" giving the appearance of a wolf 's head - from whence the type-name is derived.
Image: A standard Wolf fibula. This example is very high quality manufacture with a thick and well-moulded bow. The wolf 's face can just be seen at the foot. (SC Collection)
Image: This view of the foot of the same Wolf fibula shows the wolf 's head design. Eyes, ears and snout can all be seen. (SC Collection)
Image: The simple square head of this Wolf variant is clear. This example has three "eyes" on the top of the head and two more (not visible in this image) above a crude wolf 's head design at the foot. (SC Collection)
Typology: fibula, Roman fibula, bow fibula, Aucissa fibula, tube hing fibula
References: Bojovic III var. 4
Dates: Most likely dated to the 2nd century AD.
Distribution: Middle and Lower Danube
Notes: Bojovic divides it into two sub-types III.4.a with a wide, low catch and III.4.b with a tall narrow catch.
Typology: fibula, Roman fibula, bow fibula, Aucissa fibula, tube hing fibula
References: Garbsch A236; Bojovic II var. 4
Dates: Dating of this type is not clear. Those who emphasize its clear similarity to the Aucissa type believe it is a late Aucissa variant dating from the late 1st century AD to c. AD 125. This is likely correct. However, those that believe it is a crossbow off-shoot assign very late dates of c. AD 250 - 325 or even AD 300 - 425.
Distribution: Upper Danube (Pannonia to the Iron Gates) and NE Italy.
Notes: This type appears to be descended from the Certosa Type, and, in particular, the Aucissa Type. It has a pair of knobs at the sides of head, plus one at the end of the foot. If the side knobs are ignored, it looks just like an Aucissa fibula and even shares the "eye" decoration common on many Aucissa examples. However, the large knobs have led some authors to place the type very late as an off-shoot of the crossbow fibula. As the type is almost exactly like the Aucissa and shares no similarities with the late crossbow type, other than the knobs, it is far more likely that it is an Aucissa variant.
Image: A Hrusica fibula. The placement of the three knobs can be seen as well as the thick square-section bow. (SC Collection)