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Ottoman Coins

Ottoman Coin References

Album, S. A Checklist of Islamic Coins. (Santa Rosa, CA, 2011).
Antadze, M. Obrashchenie Tureëtìskikh Monet v Gruzii v XV-XVIII vv (istoriko-numizmaticheskoe issledovanie). (Tbilisi, 1977).
Artuk, I. & C. Istanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri Teshirdeki Islâmî Sikkeler Katalogu. (Istanbul, 1971-1974).
Artuk, I. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Adina Basilan Sikkeler / Coins struck in the name of Kanuni Sultan Suleyman. (Ankara, 1972).
Artuk, I. & C. Fatih'in Sikke ve Madalyalari. (Istanbul, 1946).
Buttrey, T.  et al. eds. Greek, Roman, and Islamic Coins from Sardis. (Cambridge, 1981). Sardis
Caglar, O. Son 7 padisah Zamaninda Basilan Bütün Osmanli Madeni Paralari. (Istanbul, 1983).
Craig, W. Coins of the World, 1750- 1850. (Racine, WI, 1976).
Edhem, H. Meskukat-i Kadime-i Islamiye Katalogu, Meskukat-i Osmaniye. (Konstantiniye, 1915).
Erel, S. Nadir Birkac Sikke. (Istanbul, 1963 - 1973).
Ghalib, I. Takvim-i Meskukat-i Osmaniye. (Konstantiniye, 1891).
Johnson, B. (ed.). "Saltanatin iki Yüzü": Yazi ve Tugra / "Heads and Tails": the Two Faces of Sovereignty. (Istanbul, 1995). Yapi Kredi Ottoman
Kabaklarli, N. Mangir: Osmanli imparatorlugu Bakir Paralari / Copper Coins of Ottoman Empire, 1299-1808. (Istanbul, 1998).
Kocaer, R. Osmanli Altinlari / Gold Coins of the Ottoman Empire. (Istanbul, 1967).
Kolerkilic, E. Osmanli imparatorlugunda Para. (Ankara, 1958).
Kürkman, G. Ottoman Silver Marks. (Istanbul, 1996).
Lane-Poole, S. Catalog of Oriental Coins in the British Museum. (London, 1875-1890). BMC Oriental
Mackenzie, K. & S. Lachman. Countermarks of the Ottoman Empire, 1880-1922. (London, 1974). Mackenzie-Lachman
Mitchiner, M. Oriental Coins and Their Values, Vol. 1: The World of Islam. (London, 1977). Mitchiner WOI
Ölçer, C. Coinage of the Karamanids. (Istanbul, 1982). Ölçer Karamanids
Ölçer, C. Darphane Muzesi Osmanli Madeni Paralari Katalogu / Catalogue of Ottoman Coins in the National Mint Museum. (Istanbul, 1985). Ölçer Darphane
Ölçer, C. Mehmed Resad ve Sultan Mehmed Vahdeddin dönemi Osmanli madeni paralari. (Istanbul, 1987). Ölçer Mehmed
Ölçer, C. Nadir Osmanli Sikke, Nisan ve Madalyalari, 7 Ekim - 5 Kasim 1999: Istanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri Koleksiyonu. (Istanbul, 1999). Ölçer Istanbul
Ölçer, C. Ottoman Coinage During the Reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim I. (Istanbul, 1989). Ölçer Selim I
Ölçer, C. Son Alti Osmanli Padisahi Zamaninda Istanbulda Basilan Gumus Paralar. (Istanbul, 1966). Ölçer Gumus Paralar
Ölçer, C. Rare Ottoman Coins at European Museums (Copenhagen, Budapest, Ashmolean, Vienna, Munich, Berlin, Leningrad). (Istanbul, 1984). Ölçer European
Ölçer, C. Rare Ottoman Coins at Soviet Russian Museums (Moscow and Leningrad). (Istanbul, 1972). Ölçer Soviet
Ölçer, C. Sultan Abdîulazia Han devri Osmanli madenãi paralari. (Istanbul. 1979). Ölçer Abdîulazia
Ölçer, C. Sultan Abdîulmecid devri Osmanli madeni paralari. (Istanbul, 1978). Ölçer Abdîulmecid
Ölçer, C. Sultan Mahmud II Zamaninda Darp Edilen Osmanli Madeni Paralari. (Istanbul, 1970). Ölçer Mahmud II
Ölçer, C. Sultan Mahmud II Zamaninda Darp Edilen Osmanli Madeni Paralari (3 No.'li Kitaba Ek). (Istanbul, 1990). Ölçer Mahmud II Supp.
Ölçer, C. Sultan Murad V ve Sultan Abdülhamid II dönemi Osmanli madeni paralari. (Istanbul, 1987). Ölçer Murad
Ölçer, C. The Ornamental Copper Coinage of the Ottoman Empire. (Istanbul, 1975). Ölçer Copper
Ölçer, C. Yildirim Bayezid'in Ogullarina Ait Akce ve Mangirlar Yenilik Basimevi. (Istanbul, 1968). Ölçer Bayezid
Pavo, E. Török Penzek a Hodoltsag Kori Magyarorszagon / Ottoman Coins That Circulated In Hungary. (Budapest, 1986). Pavo Ottoman
Pere, N. Osmanlilarda Madeni Paralar. (Istanbul, 1968). Nuri Pere
Roudometof, N. Topika Nomismata Ståen an. Makedonia 1880-1910. (Kavala, 1991).
Schaendlinger, A. Osmanische Numismatik. Von den Anfängen des Osmanischen Reichs bis zu seiner Anflösung 1922. (Braunschweig, 1973).
Sreckovic, S. Akches. Vol. 1, Osman Gazi - Murad II, 699-848 AH. (Belgrade, 1999). Sreckovic Akches
Sreckovic, S. Akches. Vol. 2, Mehmed II Fatih - Selim I Yavuz, 848-926 AH. (Belgrade, 2000). Sreckovic Akches
Sreckovic, S. Osmalijski Novac Kovan Na Tlu Jugoslavije. (Belgrade, 1987).
Sreckovic, S. Ottoman Mints & Coins. (Belgrade, 2002). Sreckovic Mints
Stepkova, J. Coins of the Osmanli Sultans in the Coin-hoards Found on Czechoslovak Territory. (Prague, 1963).
Sultan, Jem (Holberton, W.). Coins of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic: A Detailed Catalogue of the Jem Sultan Collection. (Thousand Oaks, CA, 1977). Jem Sultan
Sultan, Jem (Holberton, W.). The Ever Victorious: A Beginner's Guide to Ottoman Empire Numismatics. (Santa Monica, CA, 1971). Sultan Guide
Uslu, K., M. Beyazit, & T. Kara. Ottoman Empire Coins 1687 - 1839 (AH 1099 - 1255). (2010).
Uslu, K., M. Beyazit, & T. Kara. Ottoman Empire Coins 1839 - 1922 (AH 1255 - 1340). (2018).
Valentine, W. Modern Copper Coins of the Muhammadan States of Turkey, Persia, Egypt, Afghanistan, Morocco, Tripoli, Tunis, etc. (London, 1911).
Wilski, H. Countermarks on Ottoman Coins. (Gütersloh, Germany, 1995).
Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi. Nadir Osmanli Madeni Paralari / Rare Ottoman Coins. Numismatik Yayinlari. (Istanbul, 1972 - 1976). Yapi Kredi
Zeno.ru - Oriental Coins Database. Online: www.zeno.ru.

Reading Ottoman Coins

A - The year of reign. Here it is 23
B - "Duriba" - minted/struck
C - "Bi" - in
D - The mint name. Here it is Kostantiniye (Constantinople).
E - The cülüs"sultan - the year of the Sultans accession (first year of rule). Here it is 1223.

The following table shows numeral formats used on Islamic coins.

Using a list of Ottoman sultans we can confirm the sultan that issued the coin. Mahmud II's coronation year was AH 1223. 
To determine the date of the coin, add the regnal year to the coronation year and subtract one. 1223+23-1= AH 1245.
Using an online conversion table we can determine AH 1245 = 1829/1830 CE

Beys
1300 - 1326 Osman I (ruled from c. 1290)
Sultans
1326 - 1359 Orchan
1359 - 1389 Murad I
1389 - 1402 Bayezid I Yildirim
1403 - 1413 Interregnum: Civil War
1413 - 1421 Mehmed I Celebi
1421 - 1444 Murad II
1444 - 1446 Mehmed II, Fatih
1446 - 1451 Murad II (2nd time)
1451 - 1481 Mehmed II, Fatih (2nd time)
1481 - 1512 Bayezid II Wali
Both Sultan and Caliph (after 1517)
1512 - 1520 Selim I
1521 - 1566 Süleyman I (II) 'Kanuni'
1566 - 1574 Selim II
1574 - 1595 Murad III
1595 - 1603 Mehmed III
1603 - 1617 Ahmed I
1617 - 1618 Mustafa I
1618 - 1622 Osman II
1622 - 1623 Mustafa I (2nd time)
1623 - 1640 Murad IV
1640 - 1648 Ibrahim
1648 - 1687 Mehmed IV
1687 - 1691 Süleyman II (III)
1691 - 1695 Ahmed II
1695 - 1703 Mustafa II
1703 - 1730 Ahmed III
1730 - 1754 Mahmud I
1754 - 1757 Osman III
1757 - 1774 Mustafa III
1774 - 1789 Abdülhamid I
1789 - 1807 Selim III
1807 - 1808 Mustafa IV
1808 - 1839 Mahmud II
1839 - 1861 Abdülmecit I
1861 - 1876 Abdülaziz
1876 - 1909 Abdülhamid II
1909 - 1918 Mehmed V
1918 - 1922 Mehmed VI
Caliph only
1922 - 1924 Abdülmecit II
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