NERONIA, an appelation given to the quinquennial meetings, for contests (certamina) in music, poetry, and gymnastic exercises, founded at Rome by the Emperor Nero, in th 60th year of our era. An evidence of this institution of Nero's, so far as relates to his favourite science of music, is given on a brass coin of that Emperor's, the reverse of which, inscribed PONT. MAX. TR. POT. and S.C., exhibits his whole length figure, in a walking attitude, clothes in a long flowing tunic, and holding a lyre, on which he seems to be in the act of playing.