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Bertol, A. & K Farac. "Aes rude and aes formatum – a new typology" in VAMZ, 3. s., XLV (2012).
R. Garrucci was the first researcher who classified aes rude, amorphous bronze pieces of unequal weight and without any official stamp or mark. Following him, J. Brunšmid based the typology of aes rude on the material from the Mazin hoard, found in 1896 and kept, almost in its entirety, in the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb (1537 pieces). In 1910, E. Haeberlin offered his typology based on material then known from Italy and Central Europe. A new typology of aes rude and aes formatum, based on the revised Mazin material, is presented in this paper.
Bertol-Farac pl. 1
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Bertol-Farac pl. 2
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Plate 2. Aes Formatum.
1-2. Ingots in the shape of a bar, having a rounded end.
3-4. Brick-shaped ingots.
5-6. Brick shaped ingots with a lateral projection.
7. Ingots in the shape of thin quadrangular plates.
8. Disc ingots.
9. Bun ingots.
10-11. Ingots in the shape of a truncated cone.