Rome: The heirs of Constantine

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When Constantine I died on 22nd May 337 A.D. he left the Empire under the control of his three surviving sons, Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans, who took the title of Augusti on 9th September. Constantine's nephews, Delmatius and Hannibalianus, who had been appointed Caesar of Thrace, Macedonia, and Greece and 'King' of Armenia, respectively, were soon eliminated. The three sons divided the empire between them, the eldest, Constantine, taking Britain, Gaul and Spain, the middle brother Constans the rest of the European provinces, while Constantius ruled the east. The sons were soon at each other's throats and in the spring of 340 Constantine II attempted to exert his authority over Constans and invaded Italy. He was defeated and killed at Aquileia, leaving Constans in control of the whole the western empire. In January 350 Constans's throne was usurped by his army chief Magnentius. Constantius II refused to accept the new western ruler and defeated Magnentius at Mursa in the Balkans in September 351 and at Lugdunum two years later. This left the empire once again in the hands of a single emperor. Constantius soon decided to chose a colleague to share his power. This was Flavius Julianus (Julian II), Constantius's half-cousin. Julian was a successful commander on the Rhine frontier and was popular with his troops. Because of this popularity, Constantius felt threatened and in 360 decided to reduce Julian's power. The result was that the army proclaimed Julian Augustus in the west. Constantius decided to move against Julian but died in November 361. Although Julian was a fairly enlighten ruler, he received a bad press due to his suppression of Christianity in favour of the traditional religion of Rome. For this reason he has been dubbed Julian the Apostate. Julian was wounded and died in Mesopotamia, where he had launched an invasion in March 363.

List of Emperors

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Crispus Caesar 317 - 326 AD AE3	Crispus Caesar 317 - 326 AD AE3	Crispus Caesar 317 - 326 AD AE3
Crispus Caesar 317 - 326 AD AE3	Delmatius Caesar 335 - 337 AD AE 3/4	Hanniballianus Rex 335 - 337 AD AE4
Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3
Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3
Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constantine II Caes. 317-337 AD: Aug. 337-340 AD AE3	Constans Caes. 333-337 AD: Aug. 337-350 AD AE4
Constans Caes. 333-337 AD: Aug. 337-350 AD AE Centenionalis	Constans Caes. 333-337 AD: Aug. 337-350 AD AE Centenionalis	Constans Caes. 333-337 AD: Aug. 337-350 AD AE Half Centenionalis
Barbarous (Contemporary forgery) AE19	Constantius II as Caesar Caes. 324-337 AD: Aug. 337-361 AD AE3 of Thessalonika	Constantius II as Augustus Caes. 324-337 AD: Aug. 337-361 AD AE Centenionalis of Alexandria
Constantius II as Augustus Caes. 324-337 AD: Aug. 337-361 AD AE Centenionalis of Antioch	Constantius II as Augustus Caes. 324-337 AD: Aug. 337-361 AD AE Centenionalis of Siscia	Magnentius 350 - 353 AD AE Centenionalis
Magnentius 350 - 353 AD AE Centenionalis	Magnentius 350 - 353 AD AE Double Centenionalis	Decentius Caesar 351 - 353 AD AE Centenionalis
Vetranio 350 AD AE Centenionalis	Constantius Gallus 351 - 354 AD AE3 (Silvered)	Constantius Gallus 351 - 354 AD AE Centionalis
Julian II Caes. 355-360 AD: Aug. 360-363 AD AE1 of Sirmium	Julian II Caes. 355-360 AD: Aug. 360-363 AD AE1 of Thessalonika	Julian II Caes. 355-360 AD: Aug. 360-363 AD AE1 of Heraclea
Julian II Caes. 355-360 AD: Aug. 360-363 AD AE3

The Republic
The Julio-Claudian Emperors
The Flavian, Adoptive and Antonine Emperors
The Severan Emperors
The Barrack Room Emperors
The Tetrarchy, Constantine and Licinius
The heirs of Constantine
The Valentinian Emperors to the Fall
Roman Imitative Coins

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