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S.1129 Eadgar (Farthein)1176 viewsPenny of Eadgar, king of England 959-972
Moneyer: Farthein
Mint: unknown (Northeast)
S. 1129
N. 741
HT1, NE V
O: +EADGAR REX
R: CARD EIN No
Ex- Baldwins 105 (lot 147)St. George's Collection
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S.1006 St. Peter165 viewsViking penny in the name of St. Peter of York ca. 910-920
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: probably York
S.1006 (var.)
N.551 (var.)
O: ZCIIIT R, tree and key symbols
R: +B.RACEC
This a rare variant of the "swordless" St. Peter coinage, with a blundered version of "Sancti Petri" in one line, instead of the usual two lines.
Viking coinage in York began at around the start of the 10th century with a coinage in the names of Cnut and Siefred, a probably short-lived coinage but one which survives in great numbers due to the Cuerdale hoard. Subsequently, an anonymous coinage in the name of St. Peter follows, of which this coin is probably a late type. After the St. Peter coinage there was an inscribed coinage in the names of Ragnald and Sihtric Caech, Hiberno-Norse kings from Ireland who conquered Northumbria. A subsequent anonymous second coinage in 920s in the name of St. Peter features a sword (probably the Sword of Carlus, a 9th century Irish Viking hero), and Thor's hammer. The Vikings wrangled with the kings of Wessex throughout the 10th century until king Eadred of England brought Northumbria into the English fold. Viking coinage continued, mostly in the name of the kings of York, until the mid 10th century, culminating with Eric Bloodaxe.
All Viking coinage from York is rare, but the Cnut, Siefred, and St. Peter coinages are the most common, due to their survival in several large hoards.
The one-line St. Peter coins make up a rare subset of the earlier swordless type. There are only a handful known, and they all feature symbols, including the tree, the key (St. Peter's key to heaven), a candelabra, a star or propeller, and a large cross.
This particular coin is a die match to a coin in the British Museum, BMC 1141, which was found in Geashill, Ireland.
Ex- Hanson Historica Auction, PAS NMS-BDD828, EMC 2013.0245St. George's Collection
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S.2200 Henry VII126 viewsGroat of Henry VII (1485-1509)
Mint: London
Mintmark: cross-crosslet
Class IVa
S. 2200
O: hЄnRIC’ DI’ GRΛ’ RЄX AGL’ Z FR'
R: POSVI DЄV’ Λ DIVTOR Є’ mЄV/CIVI TAS LOn DOn
Henry Tudor's first issue of groats is really not much different from that of Richard III and all the kings before him going back to Edward III. The design would change radically during Henry's reign. This particular issue shows a little more detail in the face and hair, paralleling the developments in art the early 16th century
This particular coin is believed to have been produced around 1504-1505, the estimate for the cross-crosslet mint mark activity.
Ex- CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.1875 Henry VI116 viewsGroat of Henry VI, king of England, first reign 1422-1461
Mint: Calais
Mintmark: pinecone and mascle
S.1875
Ex- Silbury Coins
St. George's Collection
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S.2577 Elizabeth I105 viewsShilling of Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
Sixth issue
Mintmark: Tun
O: Crowned bust left, ELIZAB;D;G;ANG;FR;ET;HIB;REGI
R: Shield, POSVI DEV.AD IVTORE M.MEV;
Ex- B Mayer, S Willis, Spink 17011 (Lot 1761), Lord Stewartby, C E Blunt, J Shirley-FoxSt. George's Collection
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S.1455 Edward II95 viewsPenny of Edward II, king of England 1307-1327
Mint: London
Class 11a
O:+EDWA R ANGL DNS HYB
R: CIVITAS LONDON
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.847B Eadberht91 viewsSceat of Eadberht, king of Northumbria 737-758
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 847B
N. 178
Booth type B
Abramson 70-50
Chapman A3
O: EOTBEREhTVſ.
R: Fantastic animal facing left
Motif: 1/fantastic animal
Ex- Keith ChapmanSt. George's Collection
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S.1122 Eadwig (Eanwulf)86 viewsPenny of Eadwig, king of England 955-959
Moneyer: Eanwulf
Mint: unknown (possibly Lincoln)
S. 1122
HT1, NE IV
O: +EADVVI REX
R: EAEN oLF M
Coins of Eadwig are somewhat scarce due to his short reign. For whatever reason, portrait coins are almost non-existant; a single unique example is known. There are a few mint signed coins of Eadwig but the majority are just presumed to be from certain regions. This one is called "NE IV" type, a subtype of the HT1 (horizontal trefoil) type, from a Northeast mint, which is probably Lincoln.
Ex- StacksBowersSt. George's Collection
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S.1165 Harold I (Skuli)86 viewsPenny of Harold I, king of England 1035-1040
Moneyer: Skuli
Mint: York
S. 1165
O: +HAR.O.LD RECX
R: +SCVLA O.M EOFER.
Harold, nicknamed "harefoot" presumably because he was a fast runner, became king in England after the death of his father Cnut, and in opposition to his half-brother Harthacnut, who had a competing claim. Harthacnut was busy in Denmark and could not press his claim for several years.
Not much is known about Harold, who did not live very long and died at age 24, before the war with his half-brother began, and his death probably spared England from yet another civil war.
Despite his short reign, his coins are fairly prolific, and frequently come high grade, as they have been found in some decent number in hoards.
Ex- S. EldenSt. George's Collection
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S.871 Wulfhere (Wulfred)85 viewsStyca of Wulfhere, archbishop of York 854-900
Moneyer: Wulfred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 871
Pirie unlisted
Abramson C-40/34c
O: +VLFHERE ABED (retrograde)
R: +VVLFRED (retrograde)
Motif: 1a/1
Die pairing is unlisted in Pirie, appears to have the same obverse as Pirie 1276-1277 but a different reverse. Pirie does note that other reverses are known for this die obverse.
Ex- History In CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.866 Æthelred II (Leofthegn)85 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Leofthegn
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 866
Leofthegn's "Special" motif: hound on reverse
O: +EDILRED REX
R: LEOF DEG И
Motif: 1a/fantastic animal, triquetra
The most impressive imagery to find itself on a styca. Despite a nearly universal preference for "plain-ness" and simplicity on the styca coins, a certain moneyer called Leofthegn (literally "beloved retainer") produced a small and remarkable series of coins with "special designs." These include the letters Alpha and Omega, and a variety of different types of crosses. But by far the most impressive is this one, featuring a creature looking backwards with the moneyer's name in three rows. This creature may be meant to be something of a revival of the "fantastic animal" design of the earlier 8th century coins of Aldfrith, Eadberht, Alchred, Æthelred I, and Aelfwald. Unfortunately, the artistic inclinations shown by this Leofthegn were not copied by his contemporaries, and the coin remains unique therefore in the styca series.
Only one die is known for this coin, and it is quite rare.
Ex- CNG Triton XXI, Dr. JDR, SNC 2/1993, Spink Auction 1, RC Lockett, T BlissSt. George's Collection
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S.2492 Mary I84 viewsGroat of Mary I (1553-1558)
First issue (1553-1554)
Mintmark: Pomegranate
O: MARIA D G ANG FRA Z HIB REGI
R: VERITAS TEMPORIS FILIA
Mary, daughter of Henry VIII by his first wife Catherine of Aragon, is a controversial figure in English history because of her religious persecutions against Protestants. She gets the moniker "Bloody Mary" because under her watch several hundred Protestants were burned at the stake. Mary's husband, Philip II of Spain, was also unpopular in England. Mary died childless and her sister Elizabeth undid pretty much all of her political and religious changes.
Coins of Mary take two flavors- in just her name prior to her marriage to Philip, and after 1554 with Philip's name. This coin belongs to the earlier issue. These coins frequently demonstrate large scratches across the queen's face, done intentionally as Mary was not liked in her time. This particular example is remarkable free of surface marks.
Ex- Heritage auction 3073 (lot 31062), Spink 11039 (lot 345), F Brady, Seaby, R Carlyon-Britton, WC BoydSt. George's Collection
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S.1271 Henry I (Godwine)80 viewsPenny of Henry I, king of England 1100-1135
Moneyer: Godwine
Mint: Thetford
S. 1271
B.M.C. 10
O: +hENRICVS REX AN
R: GODPINE ON TETF
Ex- HeritageSt. George's Collection
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S.5088 David II77 viewsPenny of David II of Scotland (1329-1371)
Mint: Probably Edinburgh
First coinage, second issue
S. 5088
O: +DAVID DEI GRACIA
R: REX SCOTTORVM
David II was the last Scottish king of the house of Robert the Bruce.
Ex-CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.759 Anglo-Saxon thrymsa77 viewsThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
'EAN' type
S.759
N.30
GCASE.360
Metcalf 63-66
Crondall 91-94
A rare early thrymsa from the early 7th century. The 'EAN' type, so named because of the retrograde letters visible on the obverse, is known from four examples in the famous Crondall hoard, found in Surrey in 1828. As far as I can tell, all examples including this one are known from the same dies.
Anna Gannon, in her book on Anglo-Saxon coin iconography, notes that the 'EAN' thrymsa is first coin to depict a helmet, with the Persian bejewelled helmet copied from late Roman coins.
Ex- BC, EMC 2020.0360St. George's Collection
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S.856 Æthelred I (Tidwulf)75 viewsSceat of Æthelred I, king of Northumbria (second reign) 789-796
Moneyer: Tidwulf
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 856
Pirie unlisted
Phase Ia
Booth unlisted
Abramson 82-50
O: +AEDILRED Î
R: +TIDVVLF
Motif: 1a/1a
Tidwulf was a rare moneyer for Æthelred I. He is not known to have struck coins for any other rulers, although his name is sometimes imitated on the later irregular stycas.
I haven't been able to find a die match for either obverse or reverse, although it appears similar to (and may be from the same dies as) EMC 1997.0412. This coin seems to be a later more worn/rusty die set.
Ex- Davissons Auction 34 (lot 94), Dr. Cedric S. RaineSt. George's Collection
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S.6205 John74 viewsHalfpenny of John, Lord of Ireland (1190-1199)
Mint: Dublin
First coinage, second issue
S.6205
Ex- K.BroszSt. George's Collection
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S.847D Eadberht73 viewsSceat of Eadberht, king of Northumbria 737-758
Moneyer: unkown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 847D
N. 178
Booth type D
O: EOTBEREhTVſ.
R: Fantastic animal facing left, triquetra below, cross under tail
Motif: 1/fantastic animal
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.767 Anglo-Saxon pale gold thrymsa71 viewsThrymsa, post-Crondall phase 655-675
Monarch: unknown
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
'Two Emperors' type
S.767
GCASE.850
A pale gold thrymsa from the mid 7th century. The coin copies imagery seen on late Roman coins, including two seating figures on the reverse with winged victory in between, imitating Roman types.
This is the most common of the gold Anglo-Saxon thrymsas.
Ex- CGB Auction Sep 2021 (lot 684458)St. George's Collection
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S.2776 Charles I68 viewsHalfcrown of Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 1625-1649
Mint: Tower (London)
Mintmark: Triangle
S.2776
Group III
This coin was produced under the authority of the king
Ex- A.Worby, DNW, A.ChesserSt. George's Collection
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S.856 Æthelred I (Cutheard)67 viewsSceat of Æthelred I, king of Northumbria (second reign) 789-796
Moneyer: Cutheard
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 856
Pirie unlisted
Phase Ia
Booth var i
Abramson 83-10
O: +AEDILRED R
R: +CVDHEARD
Motif: 1/1
Cutheard minted coins for Æthelred I, Eardwulf, Ælfwald II, and Eanred. Coins of Eardwulf are extremely rare, at current there are about 9 known of this monarch, and coins of Ælfwald II are also quite rare.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.1765 Henry V65 viewsGroat of Henry V, king of England, 1413-1422
Mint: London
Mintmark: cross pattee
S.1765
N. 1387b
Potter VII
Class Cb
There is some confusion as to the proper attribution of the groats of Henry IV and V. Generally, those with the pellet and annulet next to crown are attributed to Henry IV, and those with the mullet on the chest to Henry V. The many mules of the two types are more difficult to clearly attribute. This one has a mullet and a reverse with multiple saltires, which clearly puts it in the reign of Henry V.
Ex- P.Hutchings, I.WhiteSt. George's Collection
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S.1379F Edward I65 viewsGroat of Edward I (1272-1307)
Mint: London
S.1379F
Fox 2
North F
Allen f2/r31(?)
O: +EDWARVS:D'I:GRA:REX:ANGL
R: :DN.S hIBn EDVX AQVT' LOn DOn IAC IVI
Edward I introduced the groat denomination, or fourpence. It was not popular and was probably only produced for a short time, making Edward I groats very rare. The denomination was revived by Edward III and was produced for centuries afterwards.
Many of the surviving Edward I groats were mounted as jewelry and/or gilded. Many are fairly beat up, with scratches and other damage very common.
This groat has a quatrefoil of two lines, which is seen on varieties f and g. Most of the known Edward I groats have a quatrefoil of three lines.
Ex- Heritage 15-16 Jan 2019 (lot 36521)St. George's Collection
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S.868 Æthelred II (Eardwulf)64 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (second reign) 844-850
Moneyer: Eardwulf
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 868
O: +EDILRED REX
R: +EARDVVLF
Ex- Morton & Eden Auction 91 (lot 13 [part]), Archbishop John Sharp, Ripon Hoard (1695)St. George's Collection
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S.6247 Edward I64 viewsPenny of Edward I, king of England and Ireland (1272-1307)
Mint: Dublin
Second coinage
S. 6247
O: .EDW.R. ANGL.D NSHYB
R: CIVI TAS DVBL INIE
Ex- B&G CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.5487 James VI64 views30 Shillings of James VI, king of Scotland 1567-1625
Mint: Unknown (probably Edinburgh)
Fourth coinage
1582
Before ascension to English throne
S. 5487
O: +IACOBVS 6 DEI GRATIA REX SCOTORVM
R: HONOR REGIS IVDICIVM DILIGIT 1582 I R XXX S
A large silver coin depicting the teenage James VI, holding a sword and wearing armor.
Ex- DNW 16 Sep 2020 (lot 74), M.Gietzelt, SpinkSt. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Cynwulf)63 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Cynwulf
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
Pirie unlisted
Phase Ia
O: EAIRED REX (retrograde)
R: CYNVALF
Motif: 4/4
Cynwulf was one of Eanred's earlier moneyers, and his coins are silver sceats. They are fairly scarce. He is also known to coin for Archbishop Eanbald II.
This particular coin was struck from dies not listed in Pirie. This is not so surprising, as the source collections of York and Leeds are relatively weak in early silver sceat varieties, especially compared with their strength in the copper stycas from the later period of Eanred's reign to the end of Osberht's. I cannot track a die match through the Early Medieval Corpus either, though it is similar to several coins listed. I did note though that the coin seems to be a die match to one of the sceats found at Hexham (Eanred:24) in the Adamson plates, reproduced by Pirie in 'Coinage in Ninth-Century Northumbria'. The coins from Hexham form the backbone of the British Museum's Northumbrian collection, which as yet has not been illustrated in a Sylloge.
Ex- A.G.&S. GillisSt. George's Collection
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S.847C Eadberht61 viewsSceat of Eadberht, king of Northumbria 737-758
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 847C
N. 178
Booth type C
Abramson 70-100
Chapman B2
O: EOTBEREhTVſ.
R: Fantastic animal facing left
Motif: 3h/fantastic animal
Unusual variety, with a 3-armed cross on the obverse, with the reverse being a creature with a pellet next to its head.
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.847D Eadberht60 viewsSceat of Eadberht, king of Northumbria 737-758
Moneyer: unkown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 847D
N. 178
Booth type D
Abramson 70-120
Chapman A6
O: EOTBEREhTVſ
R: Fantastic animal facing left, triquetra below, cross under tail
Motif: 1/fantastic animal
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.1170 Harthacnut (Tooci)60 viewsPenny of Harthacnut, king of England 1040-1042 and Denmark 1035-1042
Moneyer: Tooci
Mint: Lund
S. 1170
Hauberg 28 (var.)
O: NARÐECII
R: TOOCI ON LVNDI
Danish coin of Harthacnut, imitating the long cross type of Aethelred II. Harthacnut faces left with a nice head of bushy hair, looking somewhat more like a rooster's comb. In front of him is an extended hand, which seems to be clothed in a gauntlet. The lanky fingers look almost skeletal. The significance of this hand may be related to similar imagery of the 'benediction hand' on other coins of Aethelred II. While a religious symbol, the Vikings of this era were probably Christian only in name, and it is doubtful they understood the meaning. This image only appears on coins of Toci. Toci also struck coins for Cnut the Great, Magnus the Good, and Cnut IV.
Ex- Hafnia coins, Künker Auction 194 (lot 2132)St. George's Collection
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S.847B Eadberht60 viewsSceat of Eadberht, king of Northumbria 737-758
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 847B
N. 178
Booth type B
Abramson 70-50
Chapman A3
O: EOTBEREhTVſ.
R: Fantastic animal facing left
Motif: 1/fantastic animal
Die match to Beowulf 105 (not the same coin)
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.1570 Edward III59 viewsGroat of Edward III (1327-1377)
Mint: London
Pre-treaty
Series Gc
S.1570
O: +EDWARD D G REX ANGL Z FRANC D HYB
R: +POSVI DEVM ADIVTOREM MEV CIVITAS LONDON
Edward III, the great medieval warrior-king, hero of battle of Crecy, was a major figure that transformed England into a contemporary English states. He lived long enough to see some of it unravel during his lifetime, but his legacy has remained one of England's greatest figures.
Ex- Hammered British CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.2778 Charles I58 viewsHalfcrown of Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 1625-1649
Mint: Tower (London)
Mintmark: Sun (?over eye)
S.2778
Group III
This coin was produced under the authority of Parliament
Ex- A.Worby, M.BullSt. George's Collection
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S. 993 Cnut58 viewsViking penny in the name of Cnut ca. 895-900
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: probably York
S.993
O: CR TE N XV
R: +CVNNETTI
The letters of the name Cnut are arranged on the cross in the way one would make the sign of the cross- up, down, left, right. What is unusual is that the patriarchal cross is upside down. Flipping the orientation would mean the legend would start at the bottom, which is equally unusual.
This Cnut is different from the more famous 11th century Viking invader who was crowned king of England. While much is known of the later Cnut, absolutely nothing is known of this ruler. His coinage is the only record left of his existence.
The reverse legend "Cunnetti" remains obscure in its meaning. Some have suggested "the kingdom of Cnut"
Ex- S.Liu, K.StephensSt. George's Collection
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S.782 Anglo-Saxon sceat57 viewsPrimary (?) phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Z
Type 66
S.782
N.145
Abramson 102-60
O: Haunted-appearing (almost ghostly) face (?Christ)
R: Hound or wolf standing with curled tail
This unusual sceatta was probably produced in Kent or East Anglia, and the bearded face is probably Christ. The reverse is a skinny quadriped, with a curled tail circling through its legs.
The origin of this design seems to have heavy Roman and Byzantine influences. The obverse bust parallels similar images of Christ found on contemporary Byzantine coins and Christian tokens that pilgrims would have brought back from the Holy Land. The face has a fairly haunted appearance, and is expressionless.
The reverse is a little more tricky. Anna Gannon (Coins, Images, and Tales from the Holy Land, in Studies in Early Medieval Coinage vol 2) suggests that it represents a stag, which would have had a religious meaning. In my opinion, however, even with the primitive art of the time, it's hard to call that a stag, as the small linear "horns" really look more like ears. Other scholars call the creature a hound or wolf, with origins in Celtic imagery (such as the "Norfolk wolf", which is also of East Anglian origin). Alternatively it has been suggested (Charles Wood, private correspondence) that the creature might be a crude copy of the Roman wolf, nursing Romulus and Remus, as appears on many earlier Roman coins. This imagery occurs on a later East Anglian coin, that of Aethelberht II. The East Anglian ruling dynasty in the 7th century was the Wuffingas, a name that probably means "kin of wolves", and the wolf may have been a representation of the dynasty.
This coin probably dates from the early 8th century. The legends are illegible, and could be erroneous copies of Greek, of which the Anglo-Saxons would have presumably known little.
Ex- C.WoodSt. George's Collection
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S.866 Æthelred II (Leofthegn)55 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Leofthegn
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 866
Pirie 182
Leofthegn's "Special" motif: Omega in center of obverse
O: +EDELRED REX
R: +LEOFDEJN
Motif: S3a/1b
Ex- CNG eAuction 324 (lot 632), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.1356 Henry III (Simon)55 viewsPenny of Henry III, king of England 1216-1272
Moneyer: Simon
Mint: Canterbury
Short cross
Class 7c
S. 1356
O: hENRICVS REX
R: +SIMVN ON CANTE
Ex- Noble Auction 122 (lot 2772), M Freehill, S MitchellSt. George's Collection
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S.856 Æthelred I (Ceolbald)54 viewsSceat of Æthelred I, king of Northumbria (second reign) 789-796
Moneyer: Ceolbald
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 856
Pirie unlisted
Phase Ia
O: +AEDILRED
R: +CEOLBALD
Motif: 5/5
This coin depicts Ceolbald's most common design, that of a boss inside a pellet circle. Similar to Pirie 19 (?same dies). Appears to be from the same dies as EMC 2005.0125 (not the same coin)
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.944 Ceolwulf II (Leofwald)54 viewsPenny of Ceolwulf II, king of Mercia 874-879
Moneyer: Leofwald
Mint: London(?)
S. 944
O: +CEOLV LF REX.
R: LIO FVA LDM ONE
Ceolwulf II, possibly a relation to the earlier Mercian king of the same name, is treated poorly by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, being described as a foolish thegn and puppet of the Vikings, but very well may have been a reasonably successful king forgotten to history. He produced coins of the cross-and-lozenge type as well as the "two emperors" type, both coins being produced and circulating simultaneously with the same issues of Alfred the Great, suggesting that Ceolwulf was considered an equal of Alfred rather than an inferior.
Ex- S. HallSt. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Forthred)53 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Forthred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
O: +ERANRED EX (retrograde)
R: +FORDRED
Motif: 1/1
Forthred, was a prolific moneyer of Eanred, Aethelred II, and Redwulf.
Ex- York Coins, CNG Auction 90 (lot 2354 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.6235 Henry III53 viewsPenny of Henry III, King of England and Ireland (1216-1272)
Moneyer: David
Mint: Dublin
S.6235
O: hENRI CVSR EX III
R: DAV ION DIV ENI
Ex- eBay, P.Lindeman, V.EnglandSt. George's Collection
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S.1352 John52 viewsPenny of John, king of England 1199-1216
Moneyer: Rauf (?)
Mint: London
S. 1352 (?)
Class 5c (?)
Unusual flip-over double struck short cross penny. Looking at both sides, one can make out the design of both obverse and reverse on both sides of this coin. Double struck hammered coins are quite common, but flip over double strikes are fairly rare, and a coin with as much detail on both sides as can be seen here is an unusual thing.
I believe it is a class 5c penny of John, and it looks like the moneyer is Rauf or Raul, but I cannot be entirely sure.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.5054 Alexander III52 viewsPenny of Alexander III, king of Scotland (1249-1286)
Mint: Berwick (?)
2nd coinage
S.5054
O: +ALEXANDER DEI GRA
R: REX SCO TOR VM+
Scottish coinage really picked up during the reign of Alexander III, and his coins are among the more common medieval pennies found in both Scotland and England. Many have been found in large hoards, as well as individual finds. The differences in the coinage has been the subject of some debate, and the classification scheme is tricky, depending on the appearance of hair strands and other minor details.
Ex- S.HallSt. George's Collection
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S.1678 Richard II52 viewsGroat of Richard II (1377-1399)
Mint: London
S.1678
N.1320a
Type I
This coin belongs to the first phase of Richard II groats, sharing style and obverse inscription with the late coins of his grandfather Edward III.
Ex- DNW 3 Jul 2019 (lot 624), M Lessen, Spink, Stacks 29 Apr 1987 (lot 1741), JL Dresser, R Carlyon-Britton, Glendining 20 Apr 1944 (lot 1375), Lord Grantley, Sotheby 19 Jul 1917 (lot 188 [part]), B RothSt. George's Collection
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S.6228 John51 viewsPenny of John, King of England and Ireland (1199-1216)
Moneyer: Roberd
Mint: Dublin
Third coinage
S.6228
O: IOHA NNES RE X
R: ROBE RDON DIVE
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.871 Wulfhere (Wulfred)50 viewsStyca of Wulfhere, archbishop of York 854-900
Moneyer: Wulfred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 871
Pirie unlisted
Abramson C-40/34c
O: VVLFHFR AREP (retrograde)
R: +VVL.FRED (retrograde)
Motif: 1/3
Unlisted reverse die in Pirie's 'Coins of the Kingdom of Northumbria', but I believe the obverse die is the same as Pirie 1290.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.872 Hoaud? (Hwætred)50 viewsIrregular styca in the name of "Hoaud"
Moneyer: Hwætred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
O: [+HO]AVD RE
R: +HVAET[RD] (retrograde)
Motif: 1/1
A slightly chipped coin of King Hoaud, the king that most likely never was. This is an irregular styca which for many years was thought to be of an otherwise unknown king, Hoaud or Huath or some variation. The name itself does not seem to be Anglo-Saxon. Most likely this is a contemporary imitation of coins minted in the 850s, which does not, by die analysis, fit into the main body of die-linked coins of Osberht. Perhaps it was produced outside of the main minting center (presumably York)
D.C. Axe, in his article "Dating the so-called Hoaud stycas", determines that these coins are consistent with the metallic composition of coins made in the 850s, probably during the civil war between Osberht and Ælla, which ended with the attack of the Viking "Great Heathen Army," an event (probably 867) that closed the chapter on Northumbrian independence and styca coinage. There is no figure named "Hoaud" and the lettering is probably nonsensical, as are many of the coins produced at this time. However, during the 19th century, numismatists ran with the idea that 'Hoaud' was one of the kings of this early petty kingdom, and his stycas were evidence of this.
The moneyer, Hwætred, coined for Eanred early in his reign, which was a good 40 years before this coin was produced. Hwætred did not strike coins for any of Eanred's successors, suggesting he was no longer in the coining business by 850. Hwætred's coins are all good silver, unlike this issue which has negligible silver content. So the moneyer was imitative, as was the obverse, making the existence of King Hoaud quite unlikely.
Still, because of the history, this issue is quite collectible. Including museum specimens, there are probably less than 20 of these coins in existence, and when they sell, as with two specimens sold through CNG, they sell for far more than other irregular stycas of the same period.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.1089 Æthelstan (Godfred)50 viewsPenny of Æthelstan, king of Wessex, 924-939
Moneyer: Godfred
Mint: Unknown
North East mint
S. 1089
O: +ÆÐELZTAN REX
R: GODF +++ RED Mo
Æthelstan, with the sobriquet "the Glorious" consolidated power in the former heptarchy, and can probably be considered the first king of England.
Ex- Silbury Coins, J.RadfordSt. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Alfheard?)49 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Alfheard
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
Pirie 95
Phase Ib
O: +EAHRED R
R: ALFHEARD
Motif: 1/1
Alfheard is a possible moneyer for Eanred. It is not clear if Alfheard is a distinct moneyer or whether it is an aberrant spelling of Wulfheard (frequently written as 'VVLFHEARD' or 'VVLFHRRD'. It is also possible that the name is Heardwulf. There are coins that depict a reverse of '+ALFHEARD' which raises the suspicion that Alfheard is a distinct individual. However, the style of their dies are quite similar.
Pirie lists this variety as a coin of Heardwulf.
Regardless, 'Alfheard' coins are fairly rare
Ex- Halls Hammered Coins, eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.1176 Edward the Confessor (Leofric)48 viewsPenny of Edward the Confessor, king of England 1042-1066
Moneyer: Leofric
Mint: Thetford
S. 1176
O: +EDP[EA]RD RE
R: +LEOFRIC ON [ÐE]ODE
Ex- York Coins, Elmore Jones, BaldwinsSt. George's Collection
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S.869 Osberht (Wulfsige)48 viewsStyca of Osberht, king of Northumbria 849-867
Moneyer: Wulfsige
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 869
Pirie 445
O: BOSBEBHT
R: +VVLFSIXT
Motif: 3/1
Wulfsixt is believed to be the same moneyer as Wulfsige, who also minted coins for Aethelred II. The letter "X" is runic for the modern letter "G"
Ex- ABC CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Cynemund)48 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Cynemund
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
O: +EDIΓRED REX
R: +CVИEMVᚾD
Motif: 1/1
Ex- eBay, Carpe Diem Numismatics, Sotheby's April 22-23 1999 (lot 225 [part]), L.R. Stack, Spink Auction 56 (lot 752 [part]), E.M. Norweb, C.W. Peck, EMC 1016.0076/1030.0120St. George's Collection
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S.856 Æthelred I (Æthelred)48 viewsSceat of Æthelred I, king of Northumbria (second reign) 789-796
Moneyer: unknown (or Æthelred, or Eotberht)
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 856
Phase Ia
O: +AEDILRED R
R: +AEDILRED
An unusual "double obverse" coin of Aethelred I. Several of these exist and they have similar die pairs. They could represent a mule of two obverses, or Aethelred could be a moneyer who is fairly poorly represented. The other possibility is another moneyer by the name of Eotberht, who is known from a single unique coin in the Lyon collection, but whose obverse, while not a die match to this coin, is very similar.
Ex- CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.807B Anglo-Saxon sceat47 viewsSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series O
Type 40
S.807B
Abramson 55-10
O: Standing figure holding two crosses
R: Monster right
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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Odo46 viewsOdo, King of France 888-898
Mint: Limoges
Moneyer: unknown
O: +GRATIA D-IRE. ODO in center
R: +LIMOVICAS CIVIS
Ex- CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Alghere)46 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Alghere
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
O: +Ä€EDILRED â„ž
R: +Ä€LGHE'RE
Motif: 1/1
Alghere, sometimes referred to as Ealhere, coined for Æthelred II and Redwulf. This variety has the symbol 'â„ž' on the obverse, something also found on Ceolbald's coinage of Æthelred I of Northumbria, and also on coins of Ecgberht of Kent.
Ex- York Coins, CNG Auction 90 (lot 2361 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Wihtred)46 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Wihtred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
O: +EANRED REX
R: +DIHTRR (retrograde)
Motif: 1/1
Ex- Holding History Coins, CNG eAuction 342 (lot 1058 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.846 Aldfrith46 viewsSceat of Aldfrith, king of Northumbria 685-705
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: York (presumably)
SCBC 846
N. 176
Abramson 69-10
O: +ALdFRIduS
R: Fantastic animal left
Aldfrith was the first king of Northumbria to issue coins in his name, and the second English monarch to put his name on coinage (after Eadbald of Kent). His coins depict an animal of crude style, probably is supposed to be a dragon. It is different than the animals on mid 8th century Northumbrian coins of Eadberht, Alchred, Æthelred I, and Ælfwald I.
Due to this difference, for a while the coins were attributed to a king of Lindsey of the same name, who flourished in the late 8th century. However the archaeologic evidence, coin composition, and distribution of metal detecting finds argues against this idea. Most experts consider this coin struck for Northumbria's Aldfrith.
Venerable Bede speaks highly of Aldfrith as a wise ruler. For whatever reason, Northumbrian inscribed coinage would stop after Aldfrith's reign and not start again for another 50 years until Eadberht.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.869 Osberht (Eanwulf)45 viewsStyca of Osberht, king of Northumbria 849-867
Moneyer: Eanwulf
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 869
Ex- Holding History Coins, CNG eAuction 342 (lot 1058 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.3062 Charles I45 viewsCrown of Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 1625-1649
Mint: Exeter
Mintmark: Castle
S.3062
1645
Ex- A WorbySt. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Brother)44 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Brother
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
O: +EANRED REX
R: +BRODER
Motif: 1/1
Brother is one of the most prolific of moneyers. He coined for Eanred, Aethelred II, and Redwulf
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.866 Æthelred II (Leofthegn)44 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Leofthegn
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 866
Pirie unlisted
Leofthegn's "Special" motif: Large 'A' in center of obverse
O: +EDELRED REX
R: +LEOFDEJN
Motif: Alpha/1b
Pirie's 'Coins of the Kingdom of Northumbria' does not specifically list this die variety, however she does recognize its existence in a footnote, stating that it is a pairing of two depicted dies, the obverse of Pirie 178-181 and the reverse of Pirie 182 and 197. Pirie also lists a styca of the same dies as this coin as being in the Charles Winn collection (and probably dating back to the Bolton Percy Hoard) but this coin does not appear to be the same specimen.
Ex- CNG eAuction 324 (lot 631), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.872 Redwulf? (Herreth)44 viewsIrregular styca of Redwulf, king of Northumbria 844
Moneyer: Herreth
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
Pirie unlisted
Phase II, Group A
O: +REV+HLV
R: +HERRED
Has same obverse as Pirie 468, with a different reverse. Both coins depict the moneyer Herreth.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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Augclio44 viewsMerovingian inscribed denier
Monarch: unknown
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: unknown
O: +AVGCLIo (retrograde)
R: +PLINCIN (?)
Unknown in references. Not too much to say about this, but I have to say, it sure looks a lot like the inscribed Northumbrian silver sceats/stycas of the late 8th century. Presumably this predates the Northumbrian coins, and perhaps it is the inspiration for that series.
Ex- Comptoir Général FinancierSt. George's Collection
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S.753 Anglo-Saxon thrymsa44 viewsThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald
Moneyer: Witmen
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
Witmen-derived I type
S.753
N.25
GCASE.230
Ex- Baldwins 105 (lot 133)St. George's Collection
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S.872 Osberht (Eardwulf)43 viewsIrregular styca of Osberht, king of Northumbria 849-867
Moneyer: Eardwulf
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
Pirie 2215
Phase II, Group Dii
O: BOSBCRH (retrograde)
R: +EARDVVLF
Motif: 4/1
Most likely an irregular coin circa 855, which depicts a blundered spelling of Osberht, along with the name of a prolific moneyer (Eardwulf) from the reign of Æthelred II. Die match to Pirie 2215. The obverse is also used to strike stycas in the name of Æthelhelm, Wulfred, and other nonsensical letter combinations.
Ex- eBay, UKDFD 19244St. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Eadwine)43 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Eadwine
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
Pirie unlisted
Phase Ib
O: +EAИRED REX
R: +EADVI.ИI
Motif: 1a/1
Eadwine, or Eadvini, was one of Eanred's earlier moneyers, and his coins are usually made of good silver. Early moneyers of Eanred are somewhat more scarce than the later ones. Eadwine is not known to have coined for Eanred's predecessors or successors, but he did coin for Archbishop Eanbald II. Blundered versions of his name also appear on some irregular stycas of the later c.850 period.
This coin is unlisted in Pirie, but is struck with the same reverse die as Pirie 76-77.
Ex- CNG eAuction 324 (lot 618), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.779 Anglo-Saxon sceat43 viewsSceatta, primary phase 700-710
Series C
Type 2b
S.779
N.41
Abramson 4-60
O: Radiate bust right, APA in runes
R: Degenerated standard with TOTII, runic letters above standard
The quality of the artistry during the primary phase decreased as time progressed. The reverse "standard" is derived from old Roman coins.
Ex- Copperbark Ltd, DNW 12 Nov 2015 (lot 8), Julian Birch, Patrick Finn FPL 17 (27)St. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Monne)42 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Monne
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
O: +ƎANЯED REX
R: +MONNE
Motif: 1/1
Monne is one of the most prolific moneyers of stycas. Monne coined for Eanred, Aethelred II, Redwulf, and Osberht. Due to the considerable time period that encompasses (late 830s to early 860s), it would not be unreasonable to consider that there was more than one 'Monne,' perhaps even a father and son. The name Monne is also found in blundered form on many of the irregular stycas c.850.
Ex- TimeLine OriginalsSt. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Wihtred)42 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Wihtred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
Pirie 160
Phase II, Group A
O: +EANRED REX
R: +ǷINTRMᛞ
Motif: 1/1
Rare styca of Eanred with moneyer's name in runic letters. Only used on this single reverse die. The Yorkshire museum has an impressive six specimens of this coin, there was one in the Mack collection (EMC 1020.0404), 3 other individual metal detecting finds recorded in the Early Medieval Corpus (EMC 2000.0372, EMC 2001.0304, EMC 2008.0098), one in UKDFD (5444), two on Adamson's plates from Hexham hoard (presumably are in British Museum) and two in the Peter Moffat collection (one is this coin). There are certainly other unrecorded specimens out there.
Besides what appears to be a high rate of survival from this die pair, the obverse die was also used to strike coins from 7 other reverse dies of Wihtred, and 5 reverse dies of the moneyer Monne. This is quite unusual for a single die to produce that quantity of coins.
Ex- eBay, Holding History Coins, CNG eAuction 342 (lot 1058 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Herreth)41 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Herreth
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
Pirie 103
Phase Ib
O: +EAИRED REX
R: +HERRED X
Motif: 1/1
Herreth was an early moneyer for Eanred. He is not known to have coined for Eanred predecessors or successors. His names, usually blundered, appears somewhat frequently on irregular stycas of c.850.
Ex- Leodis Hammered Coins, PAS: SWYOR-11C9F2St. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Leofthegn)41 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Leofthegn
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
Pirie 204, Phase II Group A
O: +EDELRED REX
R: +LEOFDEJN
Motif: 1b(var)/1
The obverse die from this coin was also used to strike coins by the moneyers Monne and Odilo.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.872 Osberht (Æthelhelm?)41 viewsIrregular styca of Osberht, king of Northumbria 849-867
Moneyer: Æthelhelm?
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
Pirie 2219
Phase II, Group Dii
O: BOSBCRH (retrograde)
R: +EDVLHV (retrograde)
Motif: 4/5d
Nonsense reverse legend. Probably a blundered form of Æthelhelm. Same die as Pirie 2219, also shares obverse die with my coin of Osberht, with the moneyer Eardwulf
A die match can be found in Museum Victoria in Melbourne, Australia.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Wulfred)41 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Wulfred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
O: +EDILRED X
R: +VVLFRED
Motif: 4/4
Wulfred coined for Æthelred's predecessor Eanred and successor Osberht, as well as for the Archbishop Wulfhere. He did not coin for Redwulf, who usurped power during Æthelred's reign, was killed by Vikings, and whose death led to the restoration of Æthelred II. Most likely Wulfred's loyalty to Æthelred II saved his career (and probably his life), as the other moneyers who coined for Redwulf (with the lone exception of Monne) do not appear to be in business after Æthelred's restoration.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.870 Wigmund (Coenred)41 viewsStyca of Wigmund, archbishop of York 837-854
Moneyer: Coenred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 870
O: +VIGMVND IREP
R: +COE.NRED
Motif: 1/1
Particularly nice example of this episcopal styca. Coenred also struck coins for Aethelred II and Redwulf.
Ex- Charles Wood, DNW 18 March 2015 (lot 519 [part]), Derek TidmarshSt. George's Collection
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S.934 Wiglaf (Redmund)41 viewsPenny of Wiglaf, king of Mercia (second reign) 830-839
Moneyer: Redmund
Mint: Probably London
S. 934
N 401.2
O: +VVIGLAF REX M
R: N +REDMV D
Penny of Wiglaf, king of Mercia. Wiglaf was king from 827-839. His reign was interrupted from 829-830 by the conquest of Mercia by Ecgberht of Wessex, who took London in 829. The occupation was short lived however, and Wiglaf regained his throne the next year.
Despite a relatively long rule (compared to other 9th century Mercian kings), coins of Wiglaf are excessively rare. There are two major types, one with a portrait of the king by the moneyer Aethelhun, and a nonportrait type by the moneyers Burgherd and Redmund. Redmund also struck coins for King Ecgberht when he occupied Mercia. The portrait coins are typically assigned to Wiglaf's first reign while the nonportrait type is given to the second reign, but this is a guess at best. There are 8 coins (of all types) documented in the Early Medieval Corpus, but one is a forgery. Another is a fragment. Only one is the portrait variety. There are two other portrait coins in the British Museum and two non-portrait coins that have yet to be added to the corpus, giving a total known extant specimens of 11.
This particular coin is chipped, but otherwise readable and is of different dies than any other known specimen, and is the only non-portrait coin without reverse lunettes, and also does not have any pellets.
Ex- Downies Auction 320 (lot 2611), Glendining 11 Mar 1992 (lot 359), Bonser 1123, EMC 2001.0960, found Gravesend 1992St. George's Collection
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S.927 Ceolwulf I (Werbald)41 viewsPenny of Ceolwulf I, king of Mercia 821-823
Moneyer: Werbald
Mint: East Anglia, possible Ipswich
S. 927
N. 388
Naismith E18f (same dies)
O: +CEOVVLF REX m
R: PER BALD mONE
Ceolwulf I, brother of Coenwulf, succeeded to the throne of Mercia, Kent, and East Anglia after his brother's death. He did produce coins in London, Canterbury, and East Anglia. Despite multiple mints, but due to the brevity of his reign, coins of Ceolwulf are very rare.
This moneyer, Werbald, also coined for Ceolwulf's successors Beornwulf and Ludica
Ex- BSJ Auction 38 (lot 1017)St. George's Collection
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S.757 Anglo-Saxon thrymsa41 viewsThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald, possibly episcopal
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
Bust/LONDVNIV type
S.757
N.21
GCASE.340
Metcalf 51-57
Crondall 53-59
Sutherland 45-47
A rare facing bust thrymsa naming the city of London (LONDVNIV) on the reverse, the obverse a crude and stylized representation of the facing bust. Unusual necklace with a U shaped half circle with crosses as both ends, possibly representing a pallium. Possibly intended to represent a stylized portrait of Augustine. Different dies than the 7 others in the Ashmolean museum (from Crondall hoard), and the only example known not in a museum.
Ex- Sovereign Rarities Auction 5 (lot 21), CNG 100 (lot 1056), LA Adams, Vecchi Nvmmorvm Avctiones 11 (lot 1), WL Subjack, Wolfshead Galleries, Glendining 2 Jun 1994 (lot 226)St. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Eanred)40 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Eanred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
O: +EDILRED REX
R: +EANRED
Motif: 1/6
Eanred is one of Æthelred's more prolific moneyers. He also coined for Redwulf. He is not to be confused with King Eanred, who was Æthelred's father and predecessor.
Ex- A.G.&S. GillsSt. George's Collection
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S.868 Æthelred II (Wulfsige)40 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (second reign) 844-849
Moneyer: Wulfsige
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 868
Pirie unlisted
Phase II, Group Ciii
O: +EDLIRED RE
R: +VVI.FSIC
Wulfsige was a later moneyer for Æthelred II. He is probably the same person as Osberht's moneyer "Wulfsixt". This coin has the same obverse as Pirie 1720-1721, and the reverse is very similar to Pirie 1720 but it is not identical.
Ex- Holding History Coins, CNG eAuction 342 (lot 1058 [part]), Peter MoffatSt. George's Collection
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Aodobert40 viewsMerovingian inscribed denier
Monarch: unknown (?Audebert)
Moneyer: Frederic
Mint: unknown
O: AodoBERT
R: FREdIRI
Merovingian deniers present a number of difficulties in identification. Inscribed Merovingian deniers are quite rare, and are often illegible or nonsensical. This is certainly legible, but not quite clear. The name 'Aodobert' is not the name of a king, but could possibly be a moneyer or a religious figure. St. Aubert (Audbert) is the traditional founder of the bishopric of Cambray (Cambrai).
The reverse seems to depict "+FREdIRI". Unclear if this is a moneyer
Ex- Comptoir Général FinancierSt. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Æthelheah)40 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Æthelheah
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
O: +EANRED RE
R: +EDILECH
Motif: 5/5
Æthelheah, considered the normalized name of "Edilech", was an early moneyer for Eanred. His career seems to have been quite short, as his coins are the rarest of all moneyers in the styca series. He has some connection to Cynwulf, another early moneyer of Eanred, as coins exist that share an obverse die.
Ex- Spink Auction 16019 (lot 64), Lord Stewartby, SpinkSt. George's Collection
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S.860 Eanred (Cutheard)40 viewsSceat of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Cutheard
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 860
Phase Ia
O: +EANRED R
R: +CVDHARD
Motif: 1/1
Ex- Wessex CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.4065 Edward VIII40 viewsPenny of Edward VIII (1936)
British West Africa issue
Mint: Kings Norton (Birmingham)
O: EDWARDVS VIII REX ET IND:IMP: ONE PENNY
R: BRITISH WEST AFRICA 1936
Coins of Edward VIII were not produced in the UK other than a few patterns, which are very rare. His early abdication made coinage unnecessary. Coins were produced in his name for some of the territories, including British West Africa (Nigeria and Ghana).
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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Hadrian (Nile River)40 viewsDenarius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Nile River (Nilus)
RIC 310
RIC II.3 1547
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: NILVS
Ex- CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Eanred)39 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Eanred
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
Pirie 550
O: +AEILRED R
R: +EANRED
Motif: 4/6f
Same dies as Pirie 550. The reverse has a pellet within the ring, the pellet seems to have a very small pellet next to it, almost looks like a moon orbiting a planet, Abramson has called this the "planetary" motif, otherwise designated 6f. This motif may be unique to this particular die.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.865 Æthelred II (Wendelberht)39 viewsStyca of Æthelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Wendelberht
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 865
O: +EDILRED REX
R: +VENDELBERHT
Motif: 1/1
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.862 Eanred (Aldates)39 viewsStyca of Eanred, king of Northumbria 810-841
Moneyer: Aldates
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 862
Pirie 485
Phase II, Group B
O: +EANRED RE
R: +ALDATES
Motif: 1/1
Aldates is possibly a variation of the moneyer 'Gadutels' or even 'Badigils'. Or they may have all been separate moneyers. Aldates is not known to have coined for any other rulers.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.954 Eadmund39 viewsPenny of Eadmund, king of East Anglia, 855-870.
Moneyer: Beaghelm
S. 954
O: +EADMVND REX
R: +BEΓHELM MO
Eadmund (or Edmund), later to be sainted and forever known as St. Edmund (of the Bury St. Edmund's fame) was the last independent king of East Anglia. He managed to keep order in his kingdom when the Viking "Great Heathen Army" landed an invasion force in 865, and made some sort of peace with them, providing a brief respite. The Vikings went north and attacked Northumbria, took York, set up a puppet government there, and then came south again. This time, the East Anglians resisted, but were crushed by the Viking army. Eadmund died, either in battle, or shortly after.
Ex- Triskeles Auction 309 (lot 438)St. George's Collection
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S.1728 Henry IV39 viewsGroat of Henry IV, king of England, 1399-1413
Mint: London
Mintmark: cross pattee
S.1728
N. 1359b
Potter III-4/III-2
Coins of Henry IV are very rare. There was a heavy coinage early in his reign but almost all of it was melted once the weight standard changed in 1412. The light coinage was produced during the last year of his life, and due to its brevity it is unclear when the transition to Henry V coinage occurred. Coins of Henry IV generally have a slipped trefoil on the breast and a slipped trefoil in the outer reverse legend. Also, a pellet to the left of the crown and an annulet to the right. There are mules between Henry IV and Henry V obverses and reverses, and it is not clear when these were made.
Ex- Spink Auction 20004 (lot 73), J Atkinson, DNW Auction 148 (lot 286), Glendining 17 Apr 1985 (lot 80), M Delme-RadcliffeSt. George's Collection
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