| Most viewed - British Coins. |
40. Harold II.82 viewsPenny, 1066; London mint.
Obverse: +HAROLD REX ANG / Crowned bust of Harold, sceptre in front.
Reverse: +SǷETMAN ON LVN / Across field and between two lines: PAX
Moneyer: Swetman.
1.20 gm., 19 mm.
North #836; Seaby #1186.Callimachus
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81. George IV.67 viewsPenny, 1826.
Obverse: GEORGIUS IV DEI GRATIA 1826 / Larueate bust, left.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REX FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
19.39 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #3823.Callimachus
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24. Alfred.63 viewsPenny, first coinage 871-875, mint ?.
Obverse: +AELBRED REX / bust of Alfred.
Reverse: MON / EALHERE / ETA
Moneyer: Ealhere.
1.21 gm., 19 mm.
North #627; Seaby #1057.
The similarities of the lunnettes coinage of Burgred and the first coinage of Alfred has long been noted. There is evidence of an agreement between Mercia and Wessex to produce a unified coinage in the two states. This agreement was continued by Burgred and Alfred. At the beginning of Alfred's reign in 871, there were just two mints operating in Mercia and Wessex: London and Canterbury. Philip Grierson, in his book Medieval European Coinage: Volume 1, The Early Middle Ages, has Ealhere a moneyer in Canterbury.
A more detailed analysis of Alfred's coinage comes to a different conclusion. The Lunettes Coinage of Alfred the Great by A. W. Lyons & W. A. Mackay (2008, BNJ 78, 4) places this obverse die in Group 2 Mercian Style Lunettes, variant IV: "Horizonal bust." Characteristics: Bust lacks a bonnet, the hair is comprised of several horizontal lines usually ending in pellets and sloping between 45 to 60 degrees. Double-banded diadem surmounted by a crescent. Distinctively cut "wedge" lips. The eye is a small circle with a dot in the center.
The reverse die of this coin is Lunettes type C (illustrated under Burgred in North, p. 67.) However, Table 2B does not show the moneyer Ealhere using reverse type Lunette C. So coins with this die combination were evidentally not known to Lyons & Mackay.
Table 2D, listing all the moneyers of Alfred's Lunette coinage, says Ealhere used obverse dies of Group 1 variant I, and Group 2 variant IV (the obverse die on this coin). Lyons & Mackay suggest that Ealhere was located in central or west Wessex as he used London and Canterbury dies. Callimachus
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34a. Aethelred II.61 viewsPenny, 979-985, First Hand type, York mint.
Obverse: +ÆÐELRED REX ANGLOX / Diademed bust of Aethelred, right.
Reverse: +ZTYR M-O EOFER / Hand of Christ between A and ω .
Moneyer: Ztyr.
1.42 gm., 21 mm.
North #766; Seaby #1144.
The moneyer Ztyr is not listed as being a moneyer for Aethelred's First Hand type from York. However, there is a moneyer named Styr at York who coined for Edward the Martyr, 975-978. Ztyr is probably the same man.Callimachus
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33. Edward the Martyr.59 viewsPenny, 975-978, Stamford mint.
Obverse: +EADǷEARD REX ANGLO / Diademed bust of Edward.
Reverse: +ǷACER M-O STAMFO. / small cross.
Moneyer: Wacer.
1.36 gm., 20 mm.
North #763; Seaby #1142.Callimachus
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91. Elizabeth II.57 viewsPenny, 1962.
Obverse: +ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA F D / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1962 / Britannia seated, right.
9.47 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4197.Callimachus
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28. Aethelstan.48 viewsPenny, 927-939, York mint.
Obverse: +EÐELSTAN REX TO BRIT / small cross; C privy mark at left of cross.
Reverse: +REGNALD MO EFORǷIC / small cross.
Moneyer: Regnald.
1.48 gm., 22.5 mm.
North #672; Seaby #1093.
Aethelstan was the first British king to be styled "King of All Britain" on his coins (Rex Totius Britanniae). Regnald was also a moneyer for the Vikings when they were in control of York.
Provenance: the Schembrai Collection.Callimachus
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22. Offa.46 viewsPenny, ca 787-792, Canterbury mint.
Obverse: +OFFA REX+ / bust of Offa.
Reverse: +LULLA
Moneyer: Lulla.
1.05 gm., 16 mm.
North #313; Seaby #906 (old #905).Callimachus
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34b. Aethelred II.45 viewsPenny, 991-997, Lincoln mint.
Obverse: ÆÐELRED REX ANGLOX / Bust of Aethelred, scepter in front of face.
Reverse: +COLGRIM M-O LIN / Cross with the letters CRVX in angles.
Moneyer: Colgrim.
1.15 gm., 20 gm.
North #770; Seaby #1148Callimachus
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37. Harthacnut.45 viewsPenny, 1035-1042; Lund, Denmark (now Sweden) mint.
Obverse: +HARÐECNVT / Crowned and cuirassed bust of Harthacnut.
Reverse: +TOCI ON LVDI / Cross, with a crescent in the second and fourth quarters.
Moneyer: Toci.
1.02 gm., 17 mm.
Seaby #1170.
This coin has a provenance going back to 1897. It was part of the Hyman Montagu (1844-95) Collection. Sold by Sotheby's, 16 November, 1897; Part V, lot 49. Illustrated on plate 1. The sale catalogue -- which is online -- has the buyer (Lincoln) and the selling price (8 shillings) written in. The buyer was W.S. Lincoln & Son, a coin dealer in London during the latter part of the 19th century.
Link to sale catalogue: https://archive.org/details/montagucollectio00soth_6/page/n9/mode/2upCallimachus
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12. Constantius I.44 viewsFollis, ca 298-300 AD, London mint (group II).
Obverse: FL VAL CONSTANTINVS NOB C / Laureate and curiassed bust of Constantius I.
Reverse: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae.
Mint mark: (none)
9.71gm., 27 mm.
RIC # 14a; Sear #14034 (this coin !).
Although RIC lists these last four coins (Diocletian, Maximian, Galerius, and Constantius I) with other coins minted in London, a careful reading of the introduction to the mint of London (vol. VI, p. 113-122) shows the editors of RIC had serious reservations about this attribution.
The unmarked folles -- ie without a mint mark in the exergue -- can be divided into three groups. After many years of careful study, group I has been attributed to Lugdunum (Lyon, France), and groups II and III to Britain.
Of group II, RIC says (p. 115), " It is possible that the unmarked II coins were produced in Britain either from a travelling mint, or even from the "C" (Camulodunum?) mint of Carausius and Allectus, with which there are perhaps some stylistic affinities: the period of issue would fall from c. 298 onwards, perhaps until c. 300 or later."
Of group III, RIC says (p. 115), " The unmarked III coins are in everyway more sophisticated in style, and it may well be that they were produced at London, though lack of signature would be difficult to account for: probably it is best to class them as a British series which, for reasons unknown to us, was struck elsewhere. Their date is between 300 and 305." Callimachus
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41. WIlliam I.43 viewsPenny, 1086-1087, Southwark mint.
Obverse: +ǷILLELM REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre to right.
Reverse: +OSMVND ON SVÐI / Cross with one letters of PAXS in each angle.
1.41 gm., 19 mm.
North #848; Seaby #1257.Callimachus
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44. Stephen.43 viewsPenny, Colchester mint.
Obverse: FNE / Crowned bust, holding sceptre.
Reverse: D . ON : COL / Cross moline with a fleur in each angle.
1.13 gm., 17 mm.
North #873; Seaby #1278
The only moneyer at Colchester with a name ending in a D is Edward.Callimachus
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21. Eanred.42 viewsAE sceat or styca, ca 810-841.
Obverse: +ERANREDEX (retrograde).
Reverse: +FORDRED / cross.
Moneyer: Fordred.
1.23 gm., 12 mm.
North #186; Seaby #864 (old #860).Callimachus
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02. Iceni.40 viewsAR unit, ca 10 BC - 60 AD (time of Prasutagus and Boudicea).
Obverse: stylized head.
Reverse: stylized horse.
1.17 gm., 13 mm.
Seaby #434 (old #74).Callimachus
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08. Allectus.40 viewsQuinarius, 293-296, Colchester mint.
Obverse: IMP C ALLECTVS P AVG / Radiate bust of Allectus.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVG / Galley sailing to the right, steersman standing aft.
Mint mark: Q C in exergue.
2.50 gm., 19 mm.
RIC vol. V, part 2, #130; Sear #13875.Callimachus
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66. Elizabeth I.40 viewsShilling, 1592-1595; London mint.
Obverse: ELIZAB D G ANG FR ET HIB REGI / Crowned bust, left.
Reverse: POSVI DEV ADIVTOREM MEV / Royal shield over cross.
Mint mark: tun (small barrel) on both sides.
5.95 gm., 29 mm.
North #2014; Seaby #2577.
Dating: Fifth issue = 1582-1600; tun mint mark = 1592-1595.Callimachus
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42. William II.39 viewsPenny, 1093-1096; London mint.
Obverse: +ǷILLELM REIX / Crowned bust, facing, between two stars.
Reverse: +ǷVLFPORD ON LV / Voided cross.
Moneyer: Wulfword.
1.38 gm., 21 mm. North #853; Seaby #1260.
The moneyer ǷVLFPORD (Wulfword) is found at three mints: London, Ipswich, and Stamford. On this coin the city is not well-struck, but enough can be made out to determine it is LV, which is London.Callimachus
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43. Henry I.38 viewsPenny, 1122-1124; Sandwich mint.
Obverse: +HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, holding sceptre.
Reverse: + VL N: SANǷI / Quatrefoil with star in center, pellets on limbs, and four lis around.
1.32 gm., 20 mm. North #870; Seaby #1275.
The moneyer's name can not be read. At Sandwich there were three moneyers who had a VL near the front of their names: Wulfric, Wulfwart, and Wulfstan.Callimachus
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71a. James-II.36 viewsShilling, 1685.
Obverse: IACOBVS II DEI GRATIA / Laureate bust, left.
Reverse: MAG BR FRA ET HIB REX 1685 / Four crowned shields.
6.07 gm., 26 mm.
Seaby #3410.Callimachus
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23. Burgred.35 viewsPenny, ca 866-874; possibly minted in London.
Obverse: BVRGRED REX M / Diademed bust of Burgred.
Reverse: MON / +HVSSA / ETA / Three pellets after ETA.
Moneyer: Hussa.
1.38 gm., 19 mm.
North #423; Seaby #938.Callimachus
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32. Eadgar.35 viewsPenny (group HT 1 NE V (northeast Midlands)), 959-975.
Obverse: +EADGAR REX / small cross.
Reverse: IVE M / +++ / ONET
Moneyer: Ive.
1.34 gm., 21 mm.
North #741; Seaby #1129.Callimachus
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45. Henry II.35 viewsPenny, 1180-1189; London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS . REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +PIERES . ON . LVND / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Pieres.
1.44 gm., 21 mm. North #963; Seaby #1344.
Classification from North Vol. 1, p. 163-64, and Seaby 1994 p. 87:
- Class 1: Narrow face, five pearls to crown, five curls to right and two to left.
- b : Round C and E. Seaby also mentions "a stop before REX on most coins."
Callimachus
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86b. Edward VII.35 viewsPenny, 1908.
Obverse: EDWARDVS VII DEI GRA BRITT OMN REX FID DEF IND IMP / Bare-headed bust, right.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1908 / Britannia seated, right.
9.62 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #3990.Callimachus
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90b. George VI.35 viewsPenny, 1950.
Obverse: GEORGIVS VI D G BR OMN REX FIDEI DEF / Bare-headed bust, left.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1950 / Britannia seated, right.
9.39 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4117.Callimachus
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09. Diocletian.34 viewsFollis, ca 300-305 AD, London mint (group III).
Obverse: IMP DIOCLETIANVS AVG / Laureate and curriassed bust of Diocletian.
Reverse: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae.
Mint mark: (none)
11.20 gm., 28.5 mm.
RIC #28a; Sear unlisted. Callimachus
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10. Maximianus.34 viewsFollis, ca 298-300 AD, London mint (group II).
Obverse: IMP C MAXIMIANVS P F AVG / Laureate and curiassed bust of Maximian.
Reverse: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae.
Mint mark: (none)
9.63 gm., 27 mm.
RIC #6b; Sear unlisted. Callimachus
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30. Eadred.34 viewsPenny, 946-955.
Obverse: +E.AD.RED.REX A / Small cross.
Reverse: ÐEODM / +++ / AER M
Moneyer: Theodmaer.
1.44 gm., 22 mm.
North #706; Seaby #1113.
Provenance: Ex Richard Cyril Locket (1873-1950), Glendinings Part I, June 1955, lot 592 (part).Callimachus
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63. Henry VIII.34 viewsGroat, Second coinage 1526-1544, London mint.
Obverse: HENRIC VIII D G R AGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust, right.
Reverse: POSVI DEV' ADIVTORE' MEV' / Royal shield over cross.
Mint mark: Fleur-de-lis both sides.
2.57 gm., 24 mm.
North #1797; Seaby #2337E.
Dating: North, Vol. 2, p. 85, presents several types of Fs and Ms which appear on this issue (second coinage). The M on this coin is obviously M1. This dates the coin to 1529-1532.
Callimachus
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54. Henry IV.34 viewsPenny, heavy coinage: 1399-1412, York mint.
Obverse: +HENRIC REX ANGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS EBORACI / Long cross with three pellets in each angle, quatrefoil at center.
Classification: The identifying feature of the mint of York is the Quatrefoil at the center of the reverse cross. The broad face with rounded chin identifies the specific catalog numbers in both North and Seaby.
1.03 gm., 18 mm.
North #1351; Seaby #1722.
Provenance: ex. Lord Stewartby collection.Callimachus
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31. Eadwig.34 viewsPenny, 955-959, possibly minted in York.
Obverse: +E-A-DǷIG REX / Small cross.
Reverse: HERIG / +++ / 'ER MO
Moneyer: Heriger.
1.40 gm., 21 mm.
North #724; Seaby #1122.
Provenance: Tetney Hoard, 1945.
E.J. Winstanley Collection. Callimachus
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35a. Cnut.34 viewsPenny, 1017-1023; Lincoln mint.
Obverse: +CNVT REX ANGLORV. / Crowned bust of Cnut, in quatrefoil.
Reverse: +ÆÐELMER MO LINC / long cross, voided, on quatrefoil.
Moneyer: Aethelmer.
1.03 gm., 18.5 mm.
North #781; Seaby #1157.
Provenance: Found in Tetford, Lincolnshire, September 1, 2005.
(Recorded: EMC. 2006.0016; PAS. DENO-00C081.) Callimachus
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05. Epaticcus.33 viewsAR unit, ca 25-35 AD.
Obverse: EPATI / Bust of a man (Hercules ?).
Reverse: Eagle standing on snake, wings spread.
1.34 gm., 11 mm.
Seaby #356 (old #113); VA #580-1.Callimachus
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20. AngloSaxon sceat.33 viewsAR sceat, ca 690-725.
Obverse: Blundered legend / Diademed bust within a serpent circle.
Reverse: Blundered legend / Bird on cross, annulet at end of each horizontal arm, all within a serpent-circle.
1.15 gm., 12 mm.
North #126a; Seaby #777 (old #783).Callimachus
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01. Durotriges stater.32 viewsStater, 58-45 BC, possibly minted at Hengistbury Head.
Obverse: devolved head of Apollo.
Reverse: devolved horse.
5.04 gm., 19 mm.
VA #1235-1; Seaby #367.
From the Blandford Forum Hoard, 1998.Callimachus
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35b. Cnut.32 viewsPenny, 1023-1029; London mint.
Obverse: +CNVT REX AN / Bust of Cnut, wearing pointed helmet, sceptre in front.
Reverse: +EADǷOLD ON LVND / short cross, voided.
Moneyer: Eadwold.
1.08 gm., 18 mm.
North #787; Seaby #1158.Callimachus
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60. Richard III.32 viewsGroat, London mint.
Obverse: RICARD DI GRA REX ANGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: POSVI DEVM ADIVTORE MEVM CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross, with three pellets in each angle.
Mint mark: boar's head on both sides.
2.93 gm., 25 mm.
North #1679; Seaby #2159.Callimachus
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87b. George V.32 viewsPenny (small head), 1935.
Obverse: GEORGIVS V DEI GRA BRITT OMN REX FID DEF IND IMP / Bare-headed bust, left.
Reverse: ONE PENNY 1935 / Britannia seated, right.
9.37 gm., 31 mm.
Seaby #4055.Callimachus
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27. Edward the Elder.29 viewsPenny, 899-924.
Obverse: +EADVVEARD REX / small cross.
Reverse: DEORV / + + + / VALD MO
Moneyer: Deorwald.
1.57 gm., 21 mm.
North #649; Seaby #1087.Callimachus
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56a. Henry VI, first reign.29 viewsGroat, 1422-1427; Calaise mint.
Obverse: +HENRIC DI GRA REX ANGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust facing, with annulet on each side of neck.
Reverse: +POSVI DEVM ADIVTORE MEVM VILLA CALISIE / Long cross with three pellets in each angle, annulet in two quarters and after POSVI.
3.43 gm., 27 mm.
North #1424 or #1427; Seaby #1836.
Classification: North, Vol. 2, p. 56 is a bit confused as to the differences between #1424 and #1427. Otherwise this coin is very easy to assign to the "annulet issue" of 1422-1427.
Callimachus
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25. Danelaw: Vikings of East Anglia: St Edmund Memorial Coinage.28 viewsPenny, ca 890-905.
Obverse: +SC EADMVN RI / Large A with small crosses on each side.
Reverse: +DAEMOND MOTI / Large cross.
Moneyer: Daemond.
1.29 gm., 18 mm.
North #483; Seaby #960.
There are over 60 moneyers with Germanic or Norse names found on the St Edmund coins in the Cuerdale Hoard (c. 905). This number suggests there were quite a few mints producing this coinage. Several of the moneyers are also found on coinage of Edward the Elder and Athelstan from other parts of the country. This suggests that this issue, although in the name of the martyred East Anglian king, extended beyond East Anglia, and perhaps continued until East Anglia was regained by the English in 917-18. For more information, see A New History of the Royal Mint by Christopher E. Challis (Cambridge University Press, 1992).Callimachus
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79. George III.28 viewsPenny "cartwheel," 1797.
Obverse: GEORGIUS III D G REX / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIA 1797 / Britannia seated, left.
27.94 gm., 36 mm.
Seaby #3777.Callimachus
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89. Edward VIII.28 views10 cents, 1936.
Obverse: EDWARDVS VIII REX ET IND IMP TEN CENTS / Crown.
Reverse: EAST AFRICA 10 1936 / Four elephant tusks.
Mint mark: KN on obverse, King's Norton Mint in Birmingham.
11.15 gm., 31 mm.
(old Seaby #4065.)Callimachus
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82. William IV.28 viewsPenny, 1831.
Obverse: GULIELMUS IIII DEI GRATIA 1831 / bare-headed bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REX FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
19.12 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #3845.Callimachus
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11. Galerius.27 viewsFollis, ca 298-300 AD, London mint (group II).
Obverse: MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES / Laureate and curiassed bust of Galerius.
Reverse: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae.
Mint mark: (none)
10.65gm., 26mm.
RIC #15; Sear #14344.Callimachus
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47. John27 viewsPenny, London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +ILGER . ON . LVND / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Ilger.
1.46 gm., 18 mm.
North #970; Seaby #1351.
Classification from North Vol. 1, p. 163-64:
- Type 5 had oval eyes, two curls on each side enclosing a pellet, and five pearls on crown.
- Type 5a or 5b has a small X.
- Type 5b has a cross pattee as a mint mark on the reverse, and a normal S.
The difficulty in attribution stems from the fact that both Richard and John kept the name of their father (Henry II) on their coins.
Callimachus
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74.6. Charles Edward Stuart & Henry Benedict Stuart.27 viewsLegitimacy of Jacobite Succession, ca 1732. Bronze Medal by Ottone Hamerani.
Obverse: MICAT INTER OMNES / Bust of Charles Edward Stuart as a child (about age 11), in armor with straps and lion’s head on the shoulder, and ermine mantle. Star in right field.
Reverse: ALTER AB ILLO / Bust of Henry Benedict Stuart as a child (about age 6), in figured breast-plate and ribbon across chest. H on bust truncation.
Edge: DIE XXI DECEMBR MDCCXX EXTVLIT OS SACRVM COELO
33.27 gm., 41 mm.
MI ii 492/34; Eimer 521; Woolf 43:1.
Translations:
Obverse: He shines in the midst of all . . .
Reverse: . . . And the next after him . . .
Edge: On December 31, 1720, he produced his sacred countenance from Heaven (A quote adapted from Virgil).
Callimachus
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07. Carausius.25 viewsAntoninianus, 287-293, Colchester mint.
Obverse: IMP CARAVSIVS P F AVG / Radiate bust of Carausius.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVG / Virtus standing, with spear and shield.
Mint mark: C in exergue.
4.05 gm., 25 mm.
RIC vol. V, part 2, #437; Sear unlisted.Callimachus
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48. Henry III25 viewsPenny, ca 1251-1272; London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX III / Crowned bust, facing, sceptre in right hand.
Reverse: HENRI ON LVNDE / Long cross voided, with three pellets in each angle.
Moneyer: Henri.
1.49 gm., 18 mm.
North #992; Sear #1368.
Classification from North, Vol. 1, p. 166-68:
- Type 4 and 5 are with sceptre.
- Type 5 has legend starting at left above sceptre.
- Types 5a and 5b have new crown (fig.3) and round eyes.
- Type 5b has wedge tail on R.
Callimachus
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52. Edward the Black Prince.25 viewsHardi d' argent, ca 1362-1372, Poitiers mint.
Obverse: ED PO GENT REGI AGIE / Half-length figure of the Prince, facing, under Gothic canopy, sword in right hand.
Reverse: PRINCIPS AQITAIN / Long cross with lis in first and third angles, and leopard in second and fourth angles.
Mint mark: P between Q and I in AQITAIN on reverse.
1.12 gm., 19 mm.
Elias #205b.
The name of Edward the Black Prince exists only on coins of English possessions in France, like this coin from Aquitaine.
Callimachus
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55. Henry V.25 viewsGroat, London mint.
Obverse: +HENRIC DI GRA REX ANGLIE Z FRANC / Crowned bust, facing; mullet on right shoulder.
Reverse: +POSVI DEVM ADIVTORE MEVM CIVITAS LONDON / Lond cross with three pellets in each angle.
3.72 gm., 25 mm.
North #1367; Seaby #1765.
Classification: The identifying feature on this coin is the mullet on the right shoulder. That places it in "class C" in both North and Seaby.
Callimachus
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29. Eadmund.25 viewsPenny, 939-946.
Obverse: +EADMVND REX / Small cross.
Reverse: HVNSI / + + + / GE MO
Moneyer: Hunsige.
1.22 gm., 22 mm.
North #689; Seaby #1105.
Perhaps of interest on this coin is the up-side-down A instead of a V in the king's name.Callimachus
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26. Danelaw: Vikings of York.24 viewsPenny, ca 897-903, York mint.
Obverse: CRTENXV (CNVT REX) / Patriarchal cross.
Reverse: +CVNNETTI / small cross.
1.28 gm., 20 mm.
North #501; Seaby #993.
The inscriptions on this coin are somewhat of a mystery. Over the last 150 years there have been many theories as to their meaning. At various times Cvnetesford (Knutsford, Cheshire), Cvnetio, (the Latin name of Marlborough,Wiltshire), and Counde, Shropshire (Cuneet in the Domesaday Book) have been proposed as the city where the CVNNETTI coinage was minted. Still others saw a French origin for the CVNNETTI coinage: similar coins are inscribed with two known locations in France -- QVENTOVICI (no longer exists) and EBRAICE (Evreux, Normandy).
Today it is fairly certain the CVNNETTI coinage was minted in York. The inscriptions on this coin are thought to be Latinized versions of Knutr and Hunedeus, two Viking war leaders who operated in northern England in the late ninth century.
The name Cnut is arranged on the arms of the cross in the manner Christians cross themselves during prayer. This shows that "King Cnut," whoever he was, thought of himself as a Christian. He is not to be confused with the Cnut who was King of England from 1016-1035.Callimachus
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46. Richard I.24 viewsPenny, London mint.
Obverse: HENRICVS REX / Crowned bust, facing, with sceptre at left.
Reverse: +STIVENE . ON . LVN / Short cross voided, with quatrefoil in each angle.
Moneyer: Stivene.
1.36 gm., 19 mm.
North #968; Seaby #1348A (old #1348).
Classification from North, Vol.1, p. 163-64, 170, Addendum; and Seaby 1994:
- The moneyer Stivene coined types 2 - 4b.
- Types 2 and 3 can be eliminated because the beard consists of small curls.
- Type 4 has beard consisting of pellets (as does this coin).
- Type 4b has a much coarser portrait and letters; the pellets in the crown run into one line.
North (1963) assigns type 4 to John, but later works (Seaby 1994, for example) assign 4a-4b to Richard. It appears that Stivene coined only for Richard. The difficulty in attribution stems from the fact that both Richard and John kept the name of their father (Henry II) on their coins.
Callimachus
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49. Edward I24 viewsPenny, ca 1280-1281; London mint.
Obverse: EDW R' ANGL' DNS HYB / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
1.45 gm., 19 mm.
North #1022; Seaby #1393.
Classification from North, Vol. 2, p. 19-21:
- This coin has the following characteristics of type 3:
barred A, closed E and C, Roman N, no annulet on breast.
- The following characteristics indicate sub-type g:
small bust, narrow face, new side fleurs on crown (fig. 29).
- This coin is type 3g.
Callimachus
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15. Constantine I.23 viewsFollis, ca 313-314, London mint.
Obverse: IMP CONSTANTINVS P AVG / Laureate bust of Constantine.
Reverse: SOLI INVICTO COMITI ; S F in field / Sol standing, holding globe.
Mint mark: PLN in exergue.
4.00 gm., 22 mm.
RIC vol VII, #8; PBCC unlisted; Sear #16050.Callimachus
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62. Henry VII.23 viewsGroat, 1505-1509, London mint.
Obverse: HENRIC VII DI GRA REX AGL Z FR / Crowned bust, right.
Reverse: POSVI DEV' ADIVTORE MEV' / Royal shield over cross.
Mint mark: crosslet & arrow on obverse, arrow on reverse.
2.97 gm., 27 mm.
North #1747; Seaby #2258.Callimachus
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16. Crispus.22 viewsFollis, 317, London mint.
Obverse: FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES / Laureate, draped, and cuirrassed bust of Crispus, right.
Reverse: SOLI INVICTO COMITI / Sol standing, holding globe. S P in field.
Mint mark: PLN
3.30 gm., 18 mm.
RIC #113; PBCC #72; Sear #16718.
Minted near the end of the Soli coinage, this is an example of the first coinage minted in London to portray the new Caesar, Crispus. A very rare coin: the listing in RIC is based on a single coin in Vienna. Callimachus
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73. William III.22 viewsShilling, 1697.
Obverse: GVLIELMVS III DEI GRA / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: MAG BR FRA ET HIB REX 1698 Four crowned shields, rampant lion from the arms of the House of Orange at center.
6.20 gm., 26 mm.
Seaby #3505.Callimachus
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75. George I.22 viewsShilling, 1723.
Obverse: GEORGIVS D G M BR FR ET HIB REX F D / Lareate bust, right.
Reverse: BRVN ET L DVX S R I A TH ET EL 1723 / Four crowned shields; C in first and third angles, SS in second and fourth angles.
6.00 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3647.
SSC: This coin was made from silver supplied to the mint by the South Sea Company.
Callimachus
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78. George III.22 viewsShilling, 1787.
Obverse: GEORGIVS III DEI GRATIA / Laureate older bust, right.
Reverse: M B F ET H REX F D B ET L D S R I A T ET E 1787 / Four shields, a crown in each angle.
6.00 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3743.Callimachus
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67. James I.21 viewsShilling, ca 1624, London.
Obverse: IACOBVS D G MAG BRI FR ET HI REX / Crowned bust, right; XII at left.
Reverse: QVAE DEVS CONIVNXIT NEMO SEPARET / Royal shield.
Mint mark: trefoil on both sides.
Trefoil mint mark - Seaby 1994 assigns this mark to the year 1624.
5.76 gm., 31 mm.
North #2124; Seaby #2668.
Dating: Sixth bust - see North, Vol. 2, p 115. This identifies this coin as being from the 3'rd coinage (1619-1625). Callimachus
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80. George III.20 viewsPenny, 1806.
Obverse: GEORGIUS III D G REX 1806 / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: BRITANNIA / Britannia seated, left.
18.86 gm., 34 mm.
Seaby #3780.Callimachus
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14. Maximinus II.19 viewsFollis, 310-312, London mint.
Obverse: IMP MAXIMINUS P F AVG / Laureate bust of Maximinus II.
Reverse: GENIO POP ROM / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae. Star in right field.
Mint mark: PLN
4.69 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #209b; PBCC #40; Sear unlisted.Callimachus
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36. Harold I.19 viewsPenny, ca 1038-1040; Norwich mint.
Obverse: +HAROLD REC / Diademed bust of Harold, in armor, with shield and sceptre in front.
Reverse: +MANNA ON NORÐ / Long cross, voided; with fleur-de-lis in angles.
1.16 gm., 19 mm.
North #803; Seaby #1165.Callimachus
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53. Richard II.19 viewsHalf penny, London mint.
Obverse: +RICA . . . . . ANGL / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
.58 gm., 14 mm.
North #1331; Seaby #1699.
Classification from Seaby 1994, p. 113; and North, Vol. 2, p. 45:
Seaby lists four types of half pennies for Richard II. The type of lettering on this coin excludes types 3 and 4. The 1'st type is excluded because there is no annulet on the breast and there are no Roman Ns in LONDON. So this coin is the second "intermediate" type with no marks on the breast and Lombardic Ns in LONDON.
Callimachus
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13. Licinius I.18 viewsFollis, 310-312, London mint.
Obverse: IMP LICINIVS P F AVG / Laureate bust of Licinius I.
Reverse: GENIO POP ROM / Genius standing, holding patera and cornucopiae. Star in right field.
Mint mark: PLN
4.41 gm., 23 mm.
RIC #209c; PBCC #41; Sear #15182.Callimachus
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17. Constantine II.18 viewsFollis, 317, London mint.
Obverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C / Laureate bust of Constantine II.
Reverse: SOLI INVICTO COMITI / Sol standing, chlamys across left shoulder, raising right hand, holding globe in left hand. S P in field.
Mint mark: PLN
3.26 gm., 20 mm.
RIC #118; PBCC # 73; Sear #17142.Callimachus
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18. Constantius II18 viewsAE3, 324, London mint.
Obverse: FLA CONSTANTIVS NOB C / Laureate bust of Constantius II.
Reverse: PROVIDENTIAE CAESS / Camp gate with two turrets, star above.
Mint mark: PLON
3.15 gm., 19 mm.
RIC #297; LRBC #7; Sear #17515 note.Callimachus
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38. Edward the Confessor.18 viewsPenny, 1059-1062; Hastings mint.
Obverse: +EADǷAIRD RE / Crowned bust of Edward, bearded, with sceptre in front.
Reverse: +DVNING ON HEST / Short cross, voided, with hammer ends.
Moneyer: Duning.
1.28 gm., 19 mm.
North #828; Seaby #1182.Callimachus
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50. Edward II18 viewsPenny, London mint.
Obverse: +EDWAR R ANGL DNS HYB / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
1.41 gm., 19 mm.
North #1065; Seaby #1468.
Classification from North, Vol. 2, p. 24-25; and Seaby 1994:
- E with angular back = types 11b - 15b.
- Bifoliate crown = types 10a - 15b.
- The distinguishing feature is the central fleur of the crown with straight sides and tall lis (fig. 13 on p. 25 of North, vol. 2.)
- Along with this goes the "large smiling face with leering eyes."
- This coins is therefore type 14 -- which is attributed to Edward II.
Perhaps unusual is the obverse legend with two Rs in it, not mentioned by North or Seaby.
Callimachus
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51. Edward III18 viewsGroat, 1351-1352, London mint.
Obverse: +EDWARD DEI G REX ANGL Z FRANC D HYB / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: +POSVI DEVM ADIVTOREM MEV CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
4.43 gm., 28 mm.
North #1147; Seaby #1565.
Classification and dating from North, Vol 2, p. 29-31:
- Fourth coinage (no groats in the 1'st - 3'rd coinages).
- Pre-treaty period 1351-1361, with French title.
- London "series C" 1351-1352:
mint mark: Cross 1 (p. 29); closed C and E; Roman N, but also backwards N; wedgefoot on R.
Callimachus
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61. Henry VII.18 viewsGroat, 1504-1507, London mint.
Obverse: HENRIC DI GRA REX AGLI Z FR / Crowned bust, facing.
Reverse: POSVI DEV' ADIVTORE' MEV' CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross, with three pellets in each angle.
Mint mark: crosslet on both sides.
2.93 gm., 25 mm.
North #1706; Seaby #2201
Classification: The arch on the crown is a double bar with six uprights or crockets as jewels. This makes it type 4b. According to the table of mint marks (initial marks) on page 77 of North, Vol. 2, the crosslet mintmark was used 1504-1507.
Callimachus
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64. Edward VI.18 viewsShilling, ca 1553, London mint.
Obverse: EDWARD VI D G AGL FRA Z HIB REX / Crowned bust, facing, with rose to left and XII to right.
Reverse: POSVI DEV ADIVTORE MEV / Royal shield over cross.
Mint mark: tun (small barrel) both sides.
6.14 gm., 31 mm.
North #1937; Seaby #2482.Callimachus
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65. Mary Tudor.18 viewsGroat, 1553-1554; London mint.
Obverse: MARIA D G ANG FRA Z HIB REGI / Crowned bust, left.
Reverse: VERITAS TEMPORIS FILIA / Royal shield over cross.
Mint mark: pomagranate after first word on both sides.
2.13 gm., 24 mm.
North #1960; Seaby #2492.Callimachus
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83. Victoria.18 viewsPenny, 1841.
Obverse: VICTORIA DEI GRATIA 1841 / diademed bust, left.
Reverse: BRITANNIAR REG FID DEF / Britannia seated, right.
18.98 gm., 33 mm.
Seaby #2948.Callimachus
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35c. Cnut.18 viewsPenny, 1029-1035; Norwich mint.
Obverse: +CNVT . REX / Diademed bust of Cnut.
Reverse: +SIRIC ON NORÐǷ / Short cross voided; circle and pellet at center.
Moneyer: Siric.
1.11 gm, 18 mm.
North #790; Seaby #1159.
Provenance: ex. Norweb Collection (part 1, 80).Callimachus
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72. William & Mary.17 viewsShilling, 1693.
Obverse: GVLIELMVS ET MARIA DEI GRATIA / Jugate busts, right.
Reverse: MAG BR FR ET HI REX ET REGINA / Four crowned shields with intertwined W and M in each angle, also one numeral from the date (1693) in each angle.
5.98 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3437.Callimachus
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68. Charles I.16 viewsShilling, 1643-1644; York mint.
Obverse: CAROLVS DG MAG BRIT FRAN ET HIB REX / Crowned bust, left; XII to right.
Reverse: CHRISTO AVSPICE REGNO / Crowned oval garnished shield, with EBOR below.
Mint mark: lion on both sides.
5.80 gm., 30 mm.
North #2319; Seaby #2873.Callimachus
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69a. The Commonwealth.15 viewsShilling, 1656.
Obverse: THE COMMONWEALTH OF ENGLAND / The shield of St George within wreath formed of palm and laurel branches.
Reverse: GOD WITH VS 1656 / Conjoined shields of St George and Ireland with XII above.
5.77 gm., 30 mm.
North #2724; Seaby #3217.Callimachus
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76. George II.15 viewsShilling, 1736, younger portrait.
Obverse: GEORGIVS II DEI GRATIA / Laureate young bust, left.
Reverse: M B F ET H REX F D B ET L D S R I A T ET E 1736 / Four crowned shields with roses and plumes in the angles.
5.98 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3699.Callimachus
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70b. Charles II.14 viewsShilling, 1663.
Obverse: CAROLVS II DEI GRATIA / Laureate bust, right.
Reverse: MAG BR FRA ET HIB REX 1663 / Four crowned shields, two intertwined Cs in each angle.
5.75 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3372.Callimachus
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74.4b. James Francis Edward Stuart.13 viewsTicket that came with the Roettiers Jacobite medal.
It is about 32 mm in diameter, and made of laid paper (the horizontal laid lines can be seen on the photo).
The ink is dark brown to black. Based on these characteristics, I believe it may date from the 19th century.
The reverse side references the following article (which can be found online):
“Medals of the Pretender. (Continued from Vol. II, p. 42.),” The Numismatic Chronicle (1838-1842), Vol. 2 (June 1839-April 1840), pp. 124-132.
Callimachus
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74. Anne.12 viewsShilling, 1711.
Obverse: ANNA DE GRATIA / Diademed bust, left.
Reverse: MAG BRI FR ET HIB REG 1711 / Four crowned shields.
5.99 gm., 25 mm.
Seaby #3618.Callimachus
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56b. Henry VI, second reign.11 viewsGroat, 2'nd (Restored) Reign, Oct. 1470 - Apr. 1471. London mint.
Obverse: +HENBICV DI GBA BEX ANGL Z FBANC / Crowned bust facing.
Reverse: +POSVI DEVM ADIVTOBE MEVM CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
Mint Marks: Cross pattee (6) on obverse; Restoration Cross (13) on reverse.
2.84 gm., 26 mm.
North #1617; Seaby #2082.
Classification: - On many coins of this reign the R looks like a B.
- Many coins of this reign are missing the S at the end of the king's name.
- The mint marks also identify it as coming from Henry's 2'nd (restored) reign.
Callimachus
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86b. Edward VII and Queen Alexandria.10 viewsOfficial Medal for the Coronation of Edward VII & Queen Alexandria, 1902.
Designed by Sir Edgar Bertram MacKennel.
Obverse: EDWARD VII CROWNED 9 AUGUST 1902 / Crowned bust of Edward VII wearing coronation robes. Laurel branch below.
Reverse: ALEXANDRIA QUEEN CONSORT 9 AUG 1902 / Crowned bust of Queen Alexandria. Roses and ribbon below.
12.72 gm of .925 Sterling silver, 31 mm.
Eimer #1871; BHM #3737Callimachus
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74.4a. James Francis Edward Stuart.9 viewsSuccession of Prince James. Medal by Norbert Roettiers, 1699.
Obverse: IAC WALLIÆ PRINCEPS / bust of James Francis Edward Stuart as a child (age 11), in armor. N.R. below bust truncation.
Reverse: SOLA LVCE FVGAT 1699 / The sun, rising over a tranquil sea with ships on it, dispersing clouds and demons.
7.55 gm., 27 mm.
MI ii 204/ 519; Eimer 381; Woolf 15:1.
Translations:
Obverse: James, Prince of Wales.
Reverse: He disperses them by his light alone. Callimachus
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69b. Oliver Cromwell medal.9 viewsObverse: KIRK FEC / Laureate bust, left.
Reverse: OLIVAR CROMWELL 1658
5.92 gm., 25 mm.
Sentimental Magazine medal by John Kirk (1724-1776):
Issued as “promotional give-aways,” 13 different medals were produced in 1773-1774 for Sentimental Magazine [London]. This medal came with the October 1773 issue of the magazine.
From the Bath Journal, Monday, March 29, 1773:
A NEW MAGAZINE, With every Number of which will be given a curious MEDAL, struck on fine Metal, about the Size and Weight of a Guinea, executed by Mr. KIRKE, who is universally esteemed the First Artist in London in his Profession. This Medal will of itself, exclusive of the Magazine, be Worth at least Half-a-Crown; it will represent some reigning Toast, some Great Personage, some Hero celebrated in the Annals of our own Kingdom, or in those of the Continent, some Patriot, or some uncommon literary Genius. Callimachus
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19. Continental "Porcupine" sceat.9 viewsAR sceat, ca. 720-40. Mint: likely Dorestad or Domburg.
Obverse: Porcupine-like figure, three parallel lines in curve.
Reverse: Standard with VOT /.\ design. Small cross on each side of standard.
1.09 gm., 12 mm.
North #48; Seaby #786; Metcalf Secondary phase, Series E .
Although the porcupine sceattas are found extensively in England, most of them were likely minted in what is today The Netherlands. The coins identified by Metcalf as being of the secondary (“Kloster Barthe”) phase were likely minted in Dorestad or Domburg rather than Friesland, ca. 720-40.
Reference:
Metcalf, Michael; and Op den Velde, Wybrand. "The Monetary Economy of the Netherlands, c. 690 – c. 760 and the Trade with England: A Study of the “Porcupine” Sceattas of Series E." Volume I. 2010. 284 pp.
The above work contains “. . . a dauntingly large amount of detailed information about the porcupine sceattas . . .” (p. 262). I hope the information I’ve gathered about this coin is correct.Callimachus
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58a. Edward IV, first reign.8 viewsGroat, light coinage of 1464-1470; London mint.
Obverse: EDWARD DI GRA REX ANGL Z FRANC / Crowned bust, facing, quatrefoils at neck.
Reverse: POSVI DEVM ADIVTORE MEVM CIVITAS LONDON / Long cross with three pellets in each angle.
Mint mark: crown on both sides.
3.09 gm., 25 mm.
North #1570; Seaby #2000.
Classification: North classifies Edward IV's groats into at least 22 types. Fortunately many of them have different mint marks, and the crown mint mark on both sides of this coin readily identify it as type 7. It is suggested that this mint mark was used from July 1466 to July 1467.Callimachus
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