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Home > Members' Coin Collection Galleries > Stkp > ANCIENT GREEK: Bronze

Most viewed - ANCIENT GREEK: Bronze
GRK_Zeugitania_SNG_COP__151.JPG
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Carthage and other mints).60 viewsSear 6526, cf. SNG Copenhagen 151, cf. Müller 286, cf. Calciati III pg. 398, 21 lv 4, cf. Alexandropoulos 57x

AE unit, Sardinian mint, 18-20 mm., struck ca. 300 – 264 B.C.

Obv: Head of Tanit left, wearing wreath of grain.

Rev: Head of horse right, uncertain symbol or Punic letter before.

Struck between the end of the Third Sicilian War (315–307 B.C.) and the beginning of the First Punic War (264-241 B.C.), and roughly during the time of the Pyrrhic War (280–275 B.C.).
Stkp
GRK_Bastarnae.JPG
Thrace, Celtic, Bastarnae Tribe55 viewsAE 18 mm., struck ca. 220-160 B.C.

Obv: Crude head of the river-god Strymon facing right.

Rev: Trident with pseudo-legend.

Note: The Bastarnae were of uncertain, but probably mixed Germanic-Celtic-Sarmatian, ethnic origin, and lived between the Danube and the Dnieper during the last centuries B.C. and early centuries A.D. This coins is imitative of the Macedonian issues of Philip V of Macedon (221-179 B.C.), SNG Cop. 1299.
Stkp
GRK_Zeugitania_SNG_Cop_96-97.JPG
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Carthage and other mints).51 viewsSNG Copenhagen 96-97, Calciati III 1-8, Alexandropoulos 15-15a

AE unit, 14-16 mm., struck ca. 370 – 340 B.C.

Obv: Head of Tanit left, wearing wreath of grain ears.

Rev: Horse prancing right, ground line beneath.
2 commentsStkp
GRK_Macedonia_Antigonas_Gonatas_Sear_6786.JPG
Macedonian Kingdom, Antigonos II Gonatas (277/6-239 B.C.)46 viewsSear 6786, SNG Alpha Bank 1020, SNG Munich 1092-1094.

AE 19, 6.5 gr., struck circa 271/0-239 B.C. at either Pella or Amphipolis mint.

Obv: Helmeted head of Athena facing right wearing crested Corinthian helmet.

Rev: Pan advancing right, erecting trophy, B-A in upper fields, Macedonian helmet in lower left field, lagobolon [hunter's stick for striking hares] in lower right field, ANTI monogram between legs.

See Portolos Collection No. 1176 (same reverse) and Alpha Bank Collection Nos. 8114-8115 for good depictions of a lagobolon in the reverse lower right field.
Stkp
GRK_Zeugitania_SNG_Cop_107-108.JPG
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Sicilian mint).44 viewsSNG Copenhagen 107-108 var. (no Punic “B” below Pegasus), Calciati III 16-19, Alexandropoulos 23

AE unit, 14 mm., struck ca. 330-300 B.C. B.C.

Obv: Pegasus flying left.

Rev: Date palm.
Stkp
GRK_Zeugitania_SNG_Cop_109.JPG
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Carthage and other mints).44 viewsSear 6444, SNG Copenhagen 109, Calciati III 20, Alexandropoulos 18, Müller 163.

AE unit, 16 mm., struck ca. 400 – 350 B.C.

Obv: Head of Tanit left, wearing wreath of grain ears and a triple-pendant earing.

Rev: Horse standing right, in front of palm tree, ground line beneath.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_Philip_II_Sear_6697-9_rider_left.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Philip II (359-336 B.C.)42 viewsSear 6697-6699 var.; SNG ANS 841 ff., SNG Copenhagen 581 ff.

AE unit, uncertain Macedonian mint, 7.12 g., 16.45 min. max., 0°

Obv.: Diademed head of Apollo right.

Rev.: Youth on horseback riding left, ΦIΛIΠΠOY above, symbol below.

The obverse features the head of Apollo, who became the tutelary deity of Philip in 353 B.C. during the Third Sacred War. Vowing he would fight on behalf of the god, whose sacred treasury at Delphi had been stolen, precipitating the conflict, he used the war as an opportunity to expand his control in Greece. The rider on the reverse, similar to the reverse of his tetradrachms, ostensibly extols his victory in the horse race at the Olympic Games in 356 B.C. However, the reverse also recalls the earlier Macedonian royal types, possibly an attempt to emphasize his Macedonian ancestry.
2 commentsStkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_Philip_II_Sear_6696-8.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Philip II (359-336 B.C.)41 viewsSear 6696-6698 var.; SNG ANS 850-851.

AE unit, 6.25 g., 18.16 min. max., 0°

Obv.: Diademed head of Apollo right.

Rev.: Youth on horseback riding right, ΦIΛIΠΠOY above, spearhead below.

The obverse features the head of Apollo, who became the tutelary deity of Philip in 353 B.C. during the Third Sacred War. Vowing he would fight on behalf of the god, whose sacred Treasury at Delphi had been stolen, precipitating the conflict, he used the war as an opportunity to expand his control in Greece. The rider on the reverse, similar to the reverse of his tetradrachms, ostensibly extols his victory in the horse race at the Olympic Games in 356 B.C. However, the reverse also recalls the earlier Macedonian royal types, possibly an attempt to emphasize his Macedonian ancestry.
2 commentsStkp
GRK_Macedonia_Phillip_II.JPG
Macedonian Kingdom36 viewscf. Sear 6699, cf. SNG ANS 966 (but without visible H monogram behind head)

AE 17, struck under or in the name of Philip II (359-336 B.C.) at either Pella or Amphipolis, ca. 359-310 or 294 B.C.

Obv: Head of Apollo facing left, hair bound with taenia.

Rev: Naked youth on horse prancing right, ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ above horse, vertical thunderbolt below.
Stkp
GRK_Mesembria_SNG_Cop_660.JPG
Thrace, Mesembria30 viewsSear 1677, SNG Cop. 660

AE 22 mm. Struck ca. 3rd to 2nd centuries B.C.

Obv: Diademed female head right.

Rev: Athena Promachos standing left, holding shield and brandishing javelin, crested helmet in inner left field, ΜΕΣΑΜ-ΒΡΙΑΝΩΝ to left and right.
1 commentsStkp
GRK_Pamphylia_Perga_Sear_5417.JPG
Pamphylia, Perga30 viewsSear 5417, SNG France 355-361, SNG Copenhagen 310-311, Von Aulock 4649, BMC Lycia 15, Lindgren 1104, Klein 619.

AE 16 mm, struck 2nd to 1st Centuries B.C. or 3rd Century B.C. (per Sear).

Obv: Sphinx wearing kalathos seated facing right.

Rev: NANAYAS / PREIIA[S]; (first N retrograde), either side of Artemis standing left, holding wreath and scepter.

Perga was the capital of Pamphylia. During the Hellenistic period, Perga was one of the richest and most beautiful cities in the ancient world, famous for its temple of Artemis.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonia_Alexander_III_Sear_6739_Price_301.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Alexander III, the Great (336-323 B.C.)29 viewsSear 6739 var.; Price 301 Plate CXLVI; Müller 1614; SNG Alpha Bank 720

AE unit/4 chalkoi=hemidrachm, 6.17 g., 18.39 min. max., 0°

Struck ca. 336-323 B.C. by Alexander (lifetime issue) at an uncertain Macedonian mint.

Obv.: Head of Herakles right, clad in Nemean Lion scalp headdress tied at neck.

Rev.: Bow and quiver above [A]ΛEΞAN∆POY, club below, K at bottom.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonia_Alexander_II_Sear_6742.JPG
Macedonian Kingdom28 viewsSear 6742, Price 288-376

AE 17, under or in the name of Alexander III, the Great (336-323 B.C.) at either Pella or Amphipolis, after 328 B.C.

Obv: Head of Hercules facing right, wearing Nemian lion’s skin headdress.

Rev: Quiver and bow above B[A] (for ΒΑΣΣΙΛΕ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ), club [and symbol] below.
Stkp
GRK_Syracuse_Hieron_II.JPG
Sicily, Syracuse27 viewsSear 1223, SNG Cop 844 ff.

AE Litra (22 mm), struck under Hieron II (275-215 B.C)

Obv: Head of Poseidon, left, wearing tainia

Rev: Ornamental trident-head between two dolphins, dividing [ΙΕΡΩΝΟΣ, monogram]
1 commentsStkp
GRK_Rhodes_S_5074.JPG
Carian Islands, Rhodes27 viewsSear 5074 var., SNG Copenhagen 750-751 & 858-9, SNG Helsinki 384-392 var., SNG Keckman 384-421, SNG von Aulock 2796-2797 var., BMC Caria pg. 238-239, 74ff var., Laffaille 503 var.

AE 10, circa 350-300 B.C.

Obv: Diademed head of Rhodos right, hair rolled.

Rev: P-O in lower field, rose with bud to the right, H to the left.

In 408 B.C., the cities on the island of Rhodes united to form one territory and built the city of Rhodes, as their new capital on the northern end of the island. The Peloponnesian War had so weakened the entire Greek culture that it lay open to invasion. In 357 B.C., the island was conquered by the king Mausolus of Caria, then it fell to the Persians in 340 B.C., and in 332 B.C. became part of the empire of Alexander the Great. Following the death of Alexander, his generals vied for control of his empire. Rhodes formed strong commercial and cultural ties with the Ptolemies of Egypt, and together formed the Rhodo-Egyptian alliance that controlled trade throughout the Aegean in the 3rd century B.C. The city developed into a maritime, commercial and cultural center, and its coins circulated nearly everywhere in the Mediterranean. In 305 B.C, Antigonus directed his son, Demetrius, to besiege Rhodes in an attempt to break its alliance with Egypt. Demetrius created huge siege engines, but despite this engagement, in 304 B.C., he relented and signed a peace agreement, leaving behind a huge store of military equipment. The Rhodians sold the equipment and used the money to erect a statue of their sun god, Helios, which became known as the Colossus of Rhodes.

In Greek mythology, Rhodos was the goddess of the island of Rhodes and wife of Helios. She was the daughter of Aphrodite and Poseidon.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_Philip_III_Sear_6781.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Philip III Arrhidaios (323-317 B.C.)27 viewsSear 6781 var.; Price 2064.

AE half unit, 4.25 g., 16.77 min. max., 270°

Struck by Asander/Asandros in the name of Alexander III, the Great, circa 323-319 B.C., at the Miletus mint [?] (per Price) or the Kaunos mint (based on find spots, per Ashton).

Obv.: Macedonian shield with Gorgoneion on central boss.

Rev.: Crested Macedonian helmet, flanked above by B--A (=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝ∆ΡΟΥ), double-axe to lower left and K to lower right.
Stkp
GRK_Macedon_Kings_Antigonas_Gonatas_Sear_6787.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Antigonas II Gonatus (277-239 B.C.)26 viewsSear 6787, SNG Alpha Bank SNG 995 ff., SNG Copenhagen 1216 ff, Forrer/Weber 2196

AE unit; 4.28 g., 17.76 mm. max, 0°

Obv.: Head of young Herakles right, clad in Nemean lion's skin.

Rev.: Naked youth on horse facing right, B-A in upper field, ANTI monogram beneath horse, control symbol or monogram to right.

This type was struck in the name of Alexander III the Great (B - A for BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞAN∆POY), using his obverse type (Herakles) and Philip II's reverse type (horse and rider).
Stkp
GRK_Phoenicia_Arados.JPG
Phoenicia, Arados25 viewsSear 6001 var.; Cohen DCA 767; cf. Duyrat 1769 ff. (various dates, and letters above); BMC Phoenicia p. 16, 104 ff. (same)

AE 14-16 mm. Series issued 206-126 B.C.; apparently dated year 112 = 148/7 B.C.

Obv: Bearded head of Zeus facing right.

Rev: Triple-pointed ram of galley facing left, uncertain Phoenician control letters above, Phoenician date numeral [apparently 112=148/7 B.C.] below.

In 259 B.C. Arados increased her autonomy from its Seleucid overlords and dominated a federation of nearby cities that included Gabala, Karne, Marathos and Simyra. The coins of the city are dated from this event.
Stkp
GRK_Mysia_Pergamon_Sear_3971.jpg
Mysia. Pergamon25 viewsSear 3971 var. (size); SNG France 1856-58 (Pergamon); SNG BN 1855; Butcher 12i

AE 17, struck 2nd to 1st centuries B.C., 17.51 mm. max, 4.14 g, 0°

Obv.: Bust of Asklepios right.

Rev.: Snake coiled around upright staff.

These anepigraphic coins were traditionally attributed to Pergamum. However, Kevin Butcher recently concluded that they are tesserae of either Antiochene or of north Syrian origin issued for use at the temple of Asklepios constructed on the slope of Mt. Silpius during the reign of Domitian (81-96 A.D.).
Stkp
GRK_Thrace_Lysimachos_Sear_6822_2.jpg
Kingdom of Thrace. Lysimachos (323-281 B.C.)25 viewsSear 6822; Müller pl. XLII, 14; SNG Copenhagen 1168-1169.

AE unit, Kallatis (now Mangalia, Romania) mint, ca. 297-281 B.C. or Lysimacheia (now Eksemil, Turkey) mint, 1.15 g., 14.13 mm. max., 0°

Obv.: Head of young Herakles right, wearing lion skin headdress.

Rev.: BAΣI / ΛYΣI in two lines within a wreath of grain.

Lysimachus, one of Alexander the Great's personal bodyguards, was appointed strategos in Thrace and the Chersonesos after Alexander's death. In 309 B.C. he founded his capital Lysimacheia and in 306 B.C. he followed the example of Antigonus in taking the title of king, ruling Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia. In 281 B.C. he was killed in battle against Seleucus.
Stkp
GRK_Apulia_Arpi.JPG
Italy, Apulia (Puglia), Arpi.24 viewsSear 569, SNG Cop 603, SNG ANS 635-639

Æ 21 mm, struck ca. 325-275 B.C.

Obv: Laureate head of Zeus left; [ΔΑΙΟΥ to left, thunderbolt behind]

Rev: Caledonian boar running right; spear above, [A]PΠΑΝ[ΩΝ] in exergue.
Stkp
GRK_Maroneia_Sear_I_1636.JPG
Thrace, Maroneia24 viewsSear 1636, SNG Copenhagen 632, Schönert-Geiss 721-905

AE 15 mm., ca. 398-347 B.C.

Obv: Prancing horse right, [monogram below].

Rev: MAP-ΩΝΙ-TΩ[N] around three sides of linear square, grape vine within square, Λ below.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonia_Pella.JPG
Macedonia, Pella.24 viewsSear --; SNG ANS 579 - 580 var. (monograms); SNG Cop 259 - 260 var. (same)

AE 18 mm, 187-31 B.C. B.C.

Obv: Bearded head of Poseidon facing right.

Rev: Bull walking right, ΠΕΛ-ΛHΣ above and below, monograms beneath and to right of bull.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom,_Kassander_Sear_6755.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Kassander (319-297 B.C.)24 viewsSear 6755, SNG Alpha Bank 897 (no monogram to outer left) or 895-896 var. (AE monogram to outer left)

AE unit; struck 305-298 B.C. at the Pella or Amphipolis mint, 6.33 g., 18.24 mm. max, 180°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right.

Rev.: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ to right of tripod lebes (cauldron in a three legged stand used for religious ritual) with lion's paw feet, palm frond on frame above, ΚΑΣΣΑΝΔΡΟΥ to left; possible uncertain monogram (if so, off flan) to outer left, kerykeion/caduceus to outer right.

The son of Antipater, who was the Regent of Macedon appointed by Alexander III, the Great, Kassander seized power upon his father's death in 319 B.C. He was notorious for his cruelty and in 311 B.C. he executed Alexander's widow, Roxana, and her son Alexander IV, who was to be king when he came of age. In 305 B.C., he declared himself king of Macedonia.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonia_Alexander_III_Sear_6739_Price_3427.png
Macedonian Kingdom. Alexander III, the Great (336-323 B.C.)24 viewsSear 6739 var.; Price 3427 Plate CXLIX; Müller 1376, SNG Copenhagen 1051

AE unit/4 chalkoi=hemidrachm, 6.02 g., 20.90 min. max., 0°

Struck ca. 330-320 B.C. (partial lifetime issue) at the Byblos, Phoenicia, mint (per Newell).

Obv.: Head of Herakles right, clad in Nemean Lion scalp headdress tied at neck.

Rev.: Bow in bow-case/gorytos above AΛEΞAN∆PO[Y], club below, AR monogram at bottom.
Stkp
GRK_Antigonos_Gonatas_Sear_6787_2.png
Macedonian Kingdom. Antigonas II Gonatus (277-239 B.C.)24 viewsSear 6787, SNG Alpha Bank SNG 995 ff., SNG Copenhagen 1216 ff, Forrer/Weber 2196

AE unit; 3.61 g., 16.58 mm. max, 90°

Obv.: Head of young Herakles right, clad in Nemean lion's skin.

Rev.: Naked youth on horse facing right, B-A in upper field, ANTI monogram beneath horse, control symbol or monogram to right.

This type was struck in the name of Alexander III the Great (B - A for BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞAN∆POY), using his obverse type (Herakles) and Philip II's reverse type (horse and rider).
Stkp
GRK_Phrygia_Apameia.JPG
Phrygia, Apameia.23 viewsSear 5121 var., SNG Copenhagen 183; SNG von Aulock 347, BMC Phrygia p. 80, 69.

AE 20 mm, circa 100-50 B.C.

Obv: Laureate head of Zeus facing right.

Rev: Cult statue of Artemis Anaïtis facing; AΠAME to right, HPAKΛΕI and EΓΛΟ (Herakles and Eglo, magistrates), to left.

Artemis Anaïtis was a fusion of the Persian goddess Anahita and the Greek Artemis. Tacitus (Annals 62) refers to the syncretic deity simply as the “Persian Diana”, who had a temple in Lydia “dedicated in the reign in of Cyrus” (presumably Cyrus the Great).
Stkp
GRK_Thrace_Istros_AE.jpg
Thrace. Istros.23 viewsSear --, Lindgren III A41d, AMNG 458; see Forum Ancient Coins No. GB39301 and GB47808.

AE unit, ca. 350-250 B.C.; 2.03 g., 12.71 mm. max., 180°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo [?] right

Rev.: [ISTRI], sea-eagle left, grasping dolphin with talons.
Stkp
GRK_Lydia_Sardes_Sear_4736.jpg
Lydia. Sardes23 viewsSear 4736, Cf. BMC Ionia pg. 238-239; cf. SNG Copenhagen 470-482 (473); cf. SNG von Aulock 3125-3126; Johnston, Greek 197.

AE unit, 4.09 g., 15.50 mm. max, 270°

Struck 133 B.C. to 14 A.D.

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right.

Rev.: Forepart of lion facing right; ΣΑΡΔΙ--ΑΝΩΝ around club within oak-wreath; monogram to right.

After Antiochus III was defeated by Rome in 190 B.C., Sardes was incorporated with the Kingdom of Pergamon. When King Attalus III died without an heir in 133 B.C., to prevent a civil war, he bequeathed the kingdom to the Roman Republic. Sardis became the capital of the Roman Province of Lydia.
Stkp
GRK_Thrace_Lysimachos_Sear_6822.jpg
Kingdom of Thrace. Lysimachos (323-281 B.C.)23 viewsSear 6822; Müller pl. XLII, 14; SNG Copenhagen 1168-1169.

AE unit, Kallatis (now Mangalia, Romania) mint, ca. 297-281 B.C. or Lysimacheia (now Eksemil, Turkey) mint, 1.71 g., 13.08 mm. max., 90°

Obv.: Head of young Herakles right, wearing lion skin headdress.

Rev.: BAΣI / ΛYΣI in two lines within a wreath of grain.

Lysimachos, one of Alexander the Great's personal bodyguards, was appointed strategos in Thrace and the Chersonesos after Alexander's death. In 309 B.C. he founded his capital Lysimacheia and in 306 B.C. he followed the example of Antigonus in taking the title of king, ruling Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia. In 281 B.C. he was killed in battle against Seleucus.
Stkp
GRK_SGCV_--_Macedonia_Philip_V___Perseus.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Philip V (221-179 B.C.) or Perseus (179-168 B.C.)23 viewsSear GCV --; HGC 3.1 334 var. (no monograms or lower ornaments); SNG Cop. 1298-1299 var. (same); AMNG III 54 var. (same)

AE unit. Amphipolis mint, 187-168 B.C.; 7.90 g., 18.43 mm. max., 180°

Obv: Head of river-god, Strymon, right, with short horns and crown of reeds.

Rev: Trident head, scroll-like ornaments between the prongs, MAKE -- ∆ONΩN flanking.

This coin is an apparently uncommon variation of the type in that there are no ornaments flanking the shaft of the trident nor monograms below the trident.
1 commentsStkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_Amyntas_Sear_1512.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Amyntas III (389-383 & 381-369 B.C.)22 viewsSear 1512, Westermark, Remarks Type 1; AMNG 7; SNG ANS 100-109; SNG Alpha Bank 214-230, BMC 17 ff.

AE tetrachalkon, 3.57 g., 16.15 mm. max., 270°

Struck ca. 381-369 B.C. at the Aigai or Pella mint.

Obv.: Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin.

Rev.: Eagle standing right, devouring serpent, AMYNTA above.

Amyntas was the father of Philip II and grandfather of Alexander the Great. He is considered to be the founder of the unified Macedonian state.
Stkp
GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom,_Alexander_III_Sear_6743.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Alexander III, the Great (336-323 B.C.)22 viewsSear 6743 var.; Price 160; SNG Alpha Bank 705-707, SNG Cop 1024.

AE half unit, 17.26 g., 3.41 min. max., 270°

Struck by Antipater during lifetime of Alexander, circa 325-323 B.C., at the Amphipolis mint.

Obv.: Head of Herakles right, clad in Nemean Lion scalp headdress tied at neck.

Rev.: [A]ΛEΞAN∆--POY, eagle standing right on thunderbolt, head left, A above eagle.
Stkp
GRK_Mysia_Pergamon_Sear_3960_var.jpg
Mysia. Pergamon22 viewsSear 3960 var. (no monogram); SNG France 1875-79; SNG Copenhagen 393-95.

AE unit, struck circa 133-127 B.C., 5.43 g., 19,58 mm. max, 0°

Obv.: Head of Athena right wearing crested Corinthian helmet.

Rev.: ΑΘΗΝΑΣ -- ΝΙΚΗΦΟΡ[ΟY] around trophy consisting of captured arms (spiked helmet and cuirass).
Stkp
GRK_SGCV_2238_Theassalian_League.jpg
Thessaly. Thessalian League22 viewsSear GCV 2238; SNG Cop. 324 ff.; Rogers 44-47; BCD Thessaly II 904 ff.

AE dichalkon. Late 2nd to mid 1st centuries B.C.; 3.48 g., 18.04 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Helmeted head of Athena right in crested Corinthian helmet, magistrate's name (obscure) above.

Rev: Horse trotting right, ΘEΣ / ΣAΛΩ-N above and below.
1 commentsStkp
GRK_Lydia_Sardis.JPG
Lydia, Sardis21 viewsSear 4731, B.M.C. 22. 242, 51.

AE 20.5 mm, 2nd-1st century B.C.

Obv: Turreted, laureate and veiled bust of Tyche facing right.

Rev: Zeus Lydios standing left holding eagle and scepter, ΣΑΡΔΙΑΝΩΝ behind, two undetermined monograms before

Sardis was the capital of the Persian satrapy of Lydia, which came into the possession of the Seleucids, and then, in 189 B.C. came under the rule of the Attalids of Pergamum, and then in 133 B.C. came under the rule of Rome.
Stkp
GRK_20177.jpg
Pantikapaion (today, Kerch, Crimea)21 viewsSGCV 1700, MacDonald 69, SNG BM Black Sea 869-871, SNG Copenhagen 30HGC VII, 113
AE, ca. 310-304/3 B.C.; 6.63 gr., 20.40 mm. max, 90°
Obv: Bearded head of young Pan (or satyr) facing right.

Rev: Forepart of griffin left; below, sturgeon left, Π-Α-Ν.

Pantikapaion, on the west side of the Cimmerian Bosporus, was founded by Milesians in the late 7th - early 6th century B.C. In the 5th and 4th centuries B.C., the city was home to the Archaeanactids and then of the Spartocids dynasties of Thracian kings of Bosporus.
Stkp
GRK_Larissa.JPG
Thessaly, Larissa20 viewscf. Sear 2129, cf. SNG Cop. 142 ff.

AE 19 mm., struck ca. 400-344 B.C.

Obv: Head of a nymph Larissa facing left, with her hair tied

Rev: Horse grazing left, with left foreleg raised, Δ monogram above.

Note: This type is commonly encountered with either the nymph facing left or the horse grazing left, but not both. For an example similar to this coin (less the monogram), see Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger, Auctions 262-263 (September 22, 2009), Lot 2267.
Stkp
GRK_Ephesus.JPG
Ionia, Ephesos20 viewsSear 4406, cf. SNG Copenhagen 268-269

AE 16 mm., struck ca. 280-150 B.C.

Obv: Bee [within laurel wreath, E-]Φ.

Rev: Stag grazing right, quiver above, [magistrate’s name in exergue].
Stkp
GRK_Sicily_Syracuse_Hippocamp.JPG
Sicily, Syracuse20 viewsSear 1193 var.; Calciati vol. II, p. 89 ff.

AE Litra (18-20 mm.). Struck during reign of Dionysos I (405-367 B.C.)

Obv: Head of Athena wearing a Corinthian helmet decorated with olive wreath facing left, [ΣΥΡΑ in front]

Rev: Hippocamp with curled wing and bridle trailing facing left.
Stkp
GRK_Troas_Birytis_Sear_4057.png
Troas. Birytis20 viewsSear 4057; SNG Copenhagen 249;BMC Troas p. 40, 4

AE 11, struck ca. 300 B.C., 10.87 mm. max, 1.39 g, 0°

Obv.: Head of beardless Kabeiros left, wearing pileus; star on each side.

Rev.: B-I / P-Y in fields at sides of club, all within laurel wreath.

Birytis' precise location in the Troad remains unknown. Numismatics provides our only evidence this city existed.

The god Kabeiros is similar in appearance to Dionysos and the rites of his cult were likely similar to those of the Dionysian mysteries.
Stkp
GRK_Siculo-Punic_SNG_Cop_96-97_#2.JPG
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Carthage and other mints). 20 viewsViola CNP 126, SNG Cop VIII 96-97 (=SNG Cop I 1022 ff.), SNG München 1626 ff., SNG Morcom 897, Alexandropoulos/MAA 15-15a

AE unit, 3.92 g, 16.61 mm. max, 180°, struck ca. 400 – 350 B.C.

Obv: Head of Tanit left, wearing wreath of grain ears.

Rev: Horse prancing right, ground line beneath.
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GRK_Lydia_Sardes_Sear_4737.jpg
Lydia. Sardes20 viewsSear 4737, SNG Copenhagen 468; BMC 47; SNG von Aulock 3188; Johnston, Greek 241

AE unit, 4,98 g., 17.52 mm. max, 0°

Struck ca. 133 B.C. to 14 A.D.

Obv.: Wreathed head of young Dionysos/Apollo right.

Rev.: Forepart of lion facing right; ΣΑΡΔΙΑΝΩΝ above; ΩPΣE monogram behind.

In 189 B.C. the ancient capital of Lydia came under the rule of the Attalids of Pergamon, and passed into Roman rule in 133 B.C. During this time, it remained an important city and was the principal centre of a judicial district that included almost 30 Lydian and Phrygian settlements. The city was eventually made a provincial capital when Lydia was re-established as an administrative centre. The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 17 A.D., but was rebuilt and remained an important city until the late Byzantine period.
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GRK_Pontos_Amyntos_Sear_3640.jpg
Pontos. Amyntos.20 viewsSear 3640; Malloy 26c; Hoover GC 7, 243; SNG British Museum Black Sea 1205-7; SNG Stancomb 697-698; SNG von Aulock 59.

AE unit, 7.74 g., 21.16 mm. max., 0°

Struck during reign of Mithradates VI Eupator, circa 85-65 B.C.

Obv.: Head of Mithradates VI as Dionysus, wearing ivy wreath.

Rev: Thyrsos (staff carried by Dionysus ) leaning against cista mystica (basket housing sacred snakes in connection with the initiation ceremony into cult of Dionysos) draped with panther’s skin, ΑΜΙΣΟΥ below, monogram to left.

Mithradates VI, king of Pontos (c. 120 to 63 B.C.), was of both Greek and Persian origin, claiming descent from both Alexander the Great and King Darius I of Persia. He was one of Rome's most formidable and successful enemies. Amisos was a rich commercial center under the kings of Pontos, a royal residence and fortress of Mithridates.
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GRK_Gambrion_Sear_3871.jpg
Mysia, Gambrion (Poyracik, Izmir, Turkey)20 viewsSear 3871, SNG France 908-921, SNG Copenhagen 146-149.

AE unit; ca. 350-200 B.C., 4.13 g., 17.37 mm. max., 180°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right.

Rev.: Twelve-pointed star, Γ-[A-M] between rays.

The earliest mention of Gambrion is in Xenophon's Anabasis which discusses the region in 399 B.C. The city peaked during the rule of the Pergamon Kingdom in the third and second centuries B.C.
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GRK_Sicily_Syracuse_Sear_1186.jpg
Sicily, Syracuse20 viewsSear 1186, CNS 20-22; SNG ANS 404-410.

AE hemilitron, struck ca. 405 B.C., either under the Second Democracy (466-405 B.C.) or during the reign of Dionysos I (405-367 B.C.), 4.09 g., 17.33 mm. max. (including spur), 15.94 mm. max. (excluding spur), 180°.

Obv.: Head of nymph left, wearing ampyx and sphendone; dolphin behind.

Rev: Wheel of four spokes, SY-PA in upper quarters, dolphins in lower quarters.

Coins of this issue included dies signed by the masters Kimon (KIM), Phrygillos (ΦPI), Eukleidas (EY) and possibly Eumenes (E).
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GRK_Aiolis_Elaia_Sear_4203.jpg
Aiolis, Elaia20 viewsSear 4203 var. (size), SNG Kayhan 83; SNG Copenhagen 169; SNG von Aulock 1605.

AE unit, struck ca. ca 350-320 BC., 1.30 g., 11.18 mm. max., 90°

Obv.: Head of Athena left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet.

Rev.: E-[Λ], corn grain within olive wreath.

Elaia was the port of Pergamum; the site is not precisely determined but is near Zeytindag, Izmir Province, Turkey.
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GRK_Macedon_Traglios_SGCV_1473.gif
Macedon. Tragilos20 viewsSear 1473, SNG ANS 904-905, AMNG 2-5, Weber 1984
AE unit, ca. 450-400 B.C.; 3.28 g., 15.72 mm. max, 90°.

Obv.: Head of Hermes right, wearing petasos.

Rev.: T-P/A-I within four part incuse square.

Tragilos was a small Greek settlement in Bisaltia, which was destroyed either by Thracians or during the great Celtic invasion and abandoned in the 3rd century B.C.
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Celtic_imitating_Lysimachos_SGCV_6819.jpg
Celtic imitation of Lysimachos, King of Thrace (305-281 B.C.)20 viewsFor prototype: SGCV 6819 var; SNG Copenhagen 1153-4; Müller 76.

AE unit, 2.69 g., 16.78 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Helmeted head of Athena facing left.

Rev. Bungled BAΣIΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ, lion springing right, spearhead below.
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GRK_Mysia_Atarneus.jpg
Mysia. Atarneus.19 viewsSear 3812 var. (position of reverse legend, monogram, coiled serpent); BMC Mysia p. 14, 4, SNG Copenhagen p 25

AE10, struck ca. 350-300 B.C., .0.94 g., 9.17 mm. max., 180°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo, right.

Rev.: Forepart of prancing horse, right, ATAP above.
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GRK_Macedonia_Pella_Sear_1446.JPG
Macedonia. Pella.19 viewsSear 1446, cf. SNG Cop 266 ff. (various monograms); SNG ANS 598-617 (various monograms), BMC Macedonia p. 91,
Moushmov 6453 (different monogram)

AE unit, 6.63 g., 18.80 mm. max., 0°

Struck under Roman rule, ca. 187-31 B.C. (per Forum Ancient Coin listings) or 187-168/7 BC. (per CNG Coin listings) or 158-149 B.C. and later (per Sear).

Obv.: Helmeted head of Athena facing right.

Rev.: Cow grazing right, [Π]EΛ / ΛHΣ above and below, K below belly.

In 187 B.C. (a frequently-used start date for this coinage) the Roman-Seleucid War ended with the signing of the Treaty of Apamea. As a result, the Roman Republic gained hegemony over Greece. In 168 B.C. (one of the end dates used for this coinage) the Third Macedonian War ended at the Battle of Pydna, following which King Perseus was taken captive by the Romans and the kingdom was divided into four client states. In 149 B.C. (a date used in Sear), Andriscos the last king of Macedonia, ascended to the throne, only to be overthrown in the Fourth Macedonian War in 148 B.C., when Macedonia formally became a Roman Province.
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GRK_Pontos_Amisos_Sear_3642.jpg
Pontos, Amisos19 viewsSear 3642; SNG Copenhagen 170 (monogram on left also not visible); cf. SNG BM 1177 ff.; SNG Stancomb 688 ff.; BMC Pontus p. 19, 69 ff.

AE unit, 7.49 g., 19.97 mm. max., 0°

Struck during reign of Mithradates VI Eupator, circa 85-65 B.C.

Obv: Aegis with facing head of gorgoneion in center.

Rev: AMI−ΣOY, Nike advancing right, holding palm frond across shoulders behind, AMTE monogram to lower right.

Mithradates VI, king of Pontos (c. 120 to 63 B.C.), was of both Greek and Persian origin, claiming descent from both Alexander the Great and King Darius I of Persia. He was one of Rome's most formidable and successful enemies. Amisos was a rich commercial center under the kings of Pontos, a royal residence and fortress of Mithridates.
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GRK_Zeugetania_Sear_6531.jpg
Zeugitania/Siculo-Punic (Carthage and other mints).19 viewsSear 6531; Alexandropoulos/MAA 20; SNG Copenhagen (Africa) 102; Calciati III p. 381

AE unit, probably Carthage mint ca. 350-320 B.C.; 8.38 g., 20.25 mm. max., 90°

Obv.: Palm tree

Rev.: Head of horse facing right
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GRK_Thrace_Mesembria_Sear_1675_var.jpg
Thrace, Mesembria (Nesebar, Bulgaria)19 viewsSear 1675 var. (size); Karayotov pl. I, 11 var. (size); SNG BM Black Sea 272 var. (size); SNG Stancomb 225 var. (size); SNG Copenhagen 654 var. (size)

AE unit, struck ca. 450-350 B.C.; 1.29 g., 10.80 mm. max, 180°

Obv.: Crested Corinthian helmet facing.

Rev.: M-E-S-A, wheel with four spokes.
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GRK_Troas_Birytis_Sear_4058.jpg
Troas. Birytis18 viewsSear 4058; SNG Copenhagen 250; SNG München 19 170; BMC Troas p. 40, 6-7

AE 11, struck ca. 300 B.C., 11.57 mm. max, 1.26 g, 0°

Obv.: Head of bearded Kabeiros left, wearing pileus.

Rev.: B-I / P-Y in fields at sides of club, all within laurel wreath.

Birytis' precise location in the Troad remains unknown. Numismatics provides our only evidence this city existed.

The god Kabeiros is similar in appearance to Dionysos and the rites of his cult were likely similar to those of the Dionysian mysteries.
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GRK_Troas_Neandreia_Sear_4120.jpg
Troas. Neandreia18 viewsSear 4120; BMC Troas p. 73, 4; SNG Copenhagen 449; SNG Tübingen 2652

AE¬¬12, struck ca. 350-310 B.C., .1.10 g., 11.65 mm. max., 180°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo, right.

Rev.: NEAN, grain kernel center and bunch of grapes right.
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GRK_Pisidia_Termessos_Sear_5495-6.jpg
Pisidia. Termessos Major.18 viewsSear 5495-5496 var. (date); SNG France 2113.

AE unit, dated calendar year 8 (= 79 B.C.), .5.00 g., 18.62 mm. max., 0°

Obv.: Laureate head of Zeus facing right.

Rev.: Horse galloping left, H (= calendar year 8) above, TEP (= Termessos) below.

Termessos was founded by the Solims, who are mentioned in the Iliad in connection with the legend of Bellerophon, the mythic founder of the city. The city was built at an altitude of more than 1,000 meters on the side of the mountain Solymos (modern-day Güllük Dağı) in the Taurus Mountains. The name of the founding people, as well as that of the mountain, was derived from Solymeus, an Anatolian god who became identified with Zeus, giving rise to the cult of Zeus Solymeus, who is depicted on this coin.

In 333 B.C. Alexander the Great surrounded the city but failed to conquer it, likening it to an eagle's nest. Arrian noted that even a small force could easily defend it due its insurmountable natural barriers. Termessos was an ally of Rome, and so in 71 B.C. was granted independent status by the Roman Senate. The dating of its coinage runs from this event. The end of Termessos came when its aqueduct was crushed in an earthquake, destroying the water supply to the city. The city was then abandoned (year unknown).
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GRK_Seleucid_Antiochos_III.jpg
Seleukid Kings of Syria. Antiochos III "Megas" (the Great) (222-187 B.C.)18 viewscf. SC 1052 ff.

AE unit, Antioch mint or uncertain mint associated with Antioch. 2.27 g., 12.06 mm.max., 0°

Obv.: Laureate head of Antiochos as Apollo.

Rev.: BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY, Apollo standing left, naked, examining arrow in right hand, resting left hand on grounded bow, uncertain control mark/s to left.
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GRK_Troas_Sigeion_Sear_4146.jpg
Troas. Sigeion17 viewsSear 4146; BMC Troas, 21; SNG München 316-318; SNG Copenhagen 499; SNG Von Aulock 1572

AE10, struck ca. 330-300 B.C., 0.84 g., 9.76 mm. max, 0°

Obv.: Head of Athena right, wearing Attic helmet

Rev.: Crescent facing left, Σ-Ι / Γ-Ε
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GRK_Thessalian_League_Sear_2237.jpg
Thessaly. Thessalian League17 viewsSear 2237; Rogers 4-42 var. (unlisted magistrate's symbol).

AE trichalkon, 7.99 g., 21.85 mm. max., 270°

Struck 196 - 27 B.C., probably in Larisa.

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right.

Rev: Athena Itonia striding right, hurling spear held in her right hand, shield on her left arm, ΘEΣΣA -- ΛΩN flanking, uncertain magistrate's symbol to near right.

The Thessalian League was a loose confederacy of city-states and tribes in the Thessalian valley in northern Greece. Philip II of Macedon took control of Thessaly in 344 B.C. After the Second Macedonian War (200-197 B.C.), the victorious Roman general T. Quinctius Flamininus declared all of Greece "free." He reorganized the Thessalian league, creating a federal council, the synedrion, and annually changing officers, strategoi. The seat of the league was in the largest Thessalian city, Larisa. It continued to exist even after Thessaly became part of the new Roman province of Macedonia in 146 B.C., although it then had little autonomy.

The Apollo head on the obverse reflects Thessaly's long-standing involvement in the Delphic Amphictyony, an association of Greek states that administered and protected the temple and oracle of Apollo at Delphi.

Athena Itonia, was the patron deity of Thessaly, whose sanctuary was located between Larisa Kremaste and Pherae. The image probably represents the cult statue of the goddess. Athena is depicted as an Athena Promachos (the Forefighter), advancing in full armor with spear and shield. Athena Itonia was not only a war goddess, but a goddess of the arts of peace, especially poetry.
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GRK_Troas_Kreben_4071.jpg
Troas, Kebren17 viewsSear 4071; SNG Copenhagen 263-265; SNG von Aulock 1550-1551 & 7623-7624; SNG Ashmolean 1108–1110

AE unit, struck ca. 387-310 B.C.; 1.04 g., 10.19 mm. max, 180°

Obv.: Head of ram right.

Rev.: K-E, laureate head of Apollo right.
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GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_Demetrios_I_Poliorketes_SRCV_6775.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Demetrios I Poliorketes (306-283 B.C.)17 viewsSear 6775, SNG Alpha Bank 954-955, SNG Copenhagen 1194, Newell 20.

AE unit, Salamis (Cyprus) mint; 4.80 g., 15.94 mm. max, 0°.

Obv.: Helmeted head of Demetrios or Athena right wearing Corinthian helmet.

Rev.: Prow right; [B]A above, monogram below.
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GRK_Thrace_Olbia_S__1685.JPG
Thrace, Olbia16 viewsSear 1685 var., BMC Peloponnesus p. 4.

AE 20, circa 330 - 300 B.C.

Obv: Head of the River-god Borysthenes, bearded and horned, facing left.

Rev: Bow in its case and a battle-axe;  monogram to left, ΛBIOto right.

Olbia, located in what is now modern-day Ukraine, was a Milesian colony at the convergence of the Hypanis and Borysthenes (Dnieper) rivers, about 15 miles inland from the Northwest coast of the Black Sea. Well located for trade with the Scythian tribes of the interior as well as all the coasts of the Euxine, Olbia was a prosperous trading city.
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GRK_Troas_Abydos_Sear_4015.jpg
Troas. Abydos16 viewsSear 4015 var. (symbol), B.M.C. Troas 4.35 var. (symbol)

AE 19, struck mid 4th century B.C., 19.55 mm. max, 3.24 g, 0°

Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo left.

Rev.: Eagle standing right, wings closed, ABY behind, radiate head of Helios (symbol) before.
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GRK_Larissa_SRCV_2130_var.jpg
Thessaly. Larissa15 viewsSGCV 2130 var.; Rogers 296; BCD Thessaly II 391.1; SNG Copenhagen 144.

Æ Chalkous, 2.15 gr., 13.05 mm. max., 0â—¦; struck ca. 380-337 61 B.C.

Obv: Head of the nymph Larissa right, wearing earring.

Rev: ΛAPI[Σ]–[AI]ΩN, horse left, about to roll; A below.
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GRK_SGCV_1452_Macedonian_Cities_Philippi.jpg
Macedonian Cities. Philippi15 viewsSear GICV 1452; SNG ANS 668

AE unit, struck ca. 356-345 B.C.; 5.90 g., 16.83 mm. max., 180°

Obv: Herakles' head right, clad in Nemean lion scalp headdress.

Rev: Tripod, blank field to left, ΦIΛIΠΠΩN to right.
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GRK_SGCV_3643_Ponos_Amisos.jpg
Pontos. Amisos, Mithradates VI Eupator (ca. 120-63 B.C.)15 viewsSear GICV 3643; HGC 7 241; SNG BM Black Sea 1147-1149

AE unit. ca. 100-85 B.C. 6.41 g., 18.77 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Head of Ares right in crested helmet.

Rev: Sword in sheath with strap, AMI−ΣOY divided across field, no momograms.

The coin looks much better (and is attractive) in hand.
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GRK_Akragas.JPG
Sicily, Akragas14 viewsSear I --; CNS 138; SNG ANS 1128; Calciati I pg. 223, 140.

Æ 17 mm, struck ca. 275-240 B.C.

Obv: Laureate head of Apollo left.

Rev: Two eagles standing left on hare.

From an uncleaned coin lot.
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GRK_Macedonian_Kingdom_SGCV__6774_Demetrios.jpg
Macedonian Kingdom. Demetrios I Poliorketes (306-283 B.C.)14 viewsSGCV 6774, SNG Cop 1224, Newell 129 ff., Alpha Bank 962 ff.

AE unit, Pella mint; 4.31 g., 16.20 mm. max, 270°.

Obv.: Macedonian shield with monogram of Demetrios in central boss.

Rev.: Macedonian crested helmet; BA-ΣI below, control mark to right.
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