Classical Numismatics Discussion Members' Coin Collection Photo Gallery

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Possibly this is (dot) SMNA - see related picture in this album for other view of mintmarkMatthew W2

Sabina Augusta Hadriani Avg pp. Diad and draped bust r.Hair coiled and piled on top of head.REV No legend Venus stg.r.viewed partially from behind,holding helmet and spear and resting on column against which rest shield.Weight 3,30gr RIC 4123 commentsspikbjorn

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/edit/preview_5a096499.jpg
Deviant style; reverse legend retrogradedjmacdo

http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/edit/preview_6c615484.jpgdjmacdo

Here are two views of a 10 tray cabinet I built for a collector in Singapore. I absolutely love the grain pattern!!

CabinetsByCraig.netcmcdon0923

Here is a four view composite of a 16 tray "box" style cabinet built for a collector, by request. It has inset "campaign style" brass handles and locking doors.

CabinetsByCraig.netcmcdon0923

Constantine I Ae 3. Nicomedia Mint
Ancient Coins - Constantine I Ae 3. Nicomedia Mint zoom view

C. 328-329 AD
Reverse: PROVIDENTIAE AVGG, camp gate, SMNΓ in ex.
Toned with a super portrait and good metal.
Ref: RIC 153
3.13g
20mm
paul1888

Roman Empire, Severus Alexander 222-235, Silver Denarius
Ancient Coins - Roman Empire, Severus Alexander 222-235, Silver Denarius zoom view
3.08g
Laureate head of Severus Alexander right "IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG"
Providentia standing, head left, holding a cornucopiae and corn ears over a modius. "PROVIDENTIA AVG"
RSC 501paul1888

Thrace, Mesembria. 450-350 B.C. AE 19mm (5.98 gm). SNG Copenhagen 658
Ancient Coins - Thrace, Mesembria. 450-350 B.C. AE 19mm (5.98 gm). SNG Copenhagen 658 zoom view
Thrace, Mesembria. 450-350 B.C. AE 19mm (5.98 gm). Obv.: crested Macedonian helmet right. Rev.: METAM-BPIANΩN, legend around wheel with four spokes. Karayotov 1994, 8; SNG Stancomb 229; SNG Copenhagen 658. paul1888

Macedonian Kingdom. Kassander. 316-297 BC. AE 15.5mm (3.82 gm). SNG München 1035
Ancient Coins - Macedonian Kingdom. Kassander. 316-297 BC. AE 15.5mm (3.82 gm). SNG München 1035 zoom view
Macedonian Kingdom. Kassander. 316-297 BC. AE 15.5mm (3.82 gm). Uncertain Macedonian mint. Obv.: helmet left. Rev.: BAΣIΛEΩΣ / KAΣΣANΔΡOΥ, spear head. SNG München 1035paul1888

Commodus. Æ Sestertius. Ex Kricheldorf.
Zoom inZoom inZoom outZoom outGo homeGo home
zoom view
Reign: Emperor, A.D. 177-192.
Denomination: Æ Sestertius.
Diameter: 30 mm.
Weight: 20.43 grams.
Mint: Rome, A.D. 180.
Obverse: Laureate head right.
Reverse: Commodus seated left on platform, holding roll, attended by officer holding scepter; Liberalitas standing facing, holding tessera and cornucopia; citizen mounting steps of platform.
Reference: RIC 300; Ex Kricheldrof, Liste 3 (1955), lot 70; Ex MünzZentrum Köln, Auktion 64 (1988), lot 359.2 commentspaul1888

Collection overviewAll my countermarked Spanish coins.

Click on the picture to enlarge. 1 commentsmauseus

69Carausius 287-93AD
AE antoninianus
Obv "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "LEG IIII FL"
Lion walking right, head turned to viewer
-/-//-
Unmerked London mint
RIC 69
mauseus

18bisAllectus 293-6
Antoninianus
IMP C ALLECTVS PF AVG
Radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right viewed from rear
FELICITAS AVG
Felicitas standing left holding caduceus and cornucopia
RIC lists FELICITAS SEC as a reverse, however this looks to read AVG. Similarly Burnett only lists FELICITAS SEC but then only with a cuirassed bust on the obverse
London mint
S/A//ML
RIC - (cf 18)mauseus

317 - 337, CONSTANTINE II as CAESAR, AE3 struck 317 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of Constantine II facing right, viewed from the rear.
Reverse: SOLI INVICTO COMITI. Sol, radiate, chlamys across left shoulder, standing facing left, his right hand raised and holding globe in his left. In left field, S; in right field, P; in exergue, PLN.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 3.4gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 118
VERY RARE*Alex

317 - 337, CONSTANTINE II as CAESAR, AE3 struck 324 - 325 at Londinium (London), EnglandObverse: CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Constantine II, viewed from the rear, facing right.
Reverse: PROVIDENTIAE CAESS. Camp-gate with two turrets, star above; in exergue, PLON.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 3.43gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC VII : 296 | SPINK: 738a*Alex

4 Trebonianus GallusTREBONIANUS GALLUS
Æ 30mm of Antioch, Syria.

O: AVTOK K G OVIB TPEB GALLOC CEB, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust r.; viewed from behind

R: ANTIOCEWN MHTRO KOLWN D-E, SC in ex, tetrastyle temple of Tyche of Antioch, river-god Orontes swimming at her feet; above shrine, ram leaping r.
Sear 2809, SNGCop 292, BMC 654, SGI 4350.

Coin discussed and authenticated on FORVM boardSosius

Enniscorthy (Wexford) copper halfpenny token dated 1800.Woodcock's Bank Enniscorthy (Wexford) copper halfpenny token dated 1800. Obverse: View of a castle by the sea with a portcullis formed by six vertical and one horizontal bar in the gateway and legend: "PAYABLE AT THE BANK OF R. W. ENNISCORTHY". Reverse: Shield with monogram "RW" hanging from the bough of a tree with hills and a castle in the background: "A. D. 1800". Plain edge. The issuer, R. Woodcock was a banker at Enniscorthy. The reverse design depicting "Vinegar Hill" refers to a tragedy there two years before the issue of the coin when there was an uprising of the United Irishmen in Dublin. This was soon suppressed, however, the peasants in the south followed suite and also revolted. Armed with fowling pieces, French muskets and long pikes, they captured several towns including Enniscorthy and Wexford. The rebels then organised a training camp for their 6,000 strong force on Vinegar Hill. In June, General Lake attacked the Vinegar Hill camp and routed the half-trained force and, with Major-General John Moore’s recapture of Wexford, the rebellion disintegrated. The bodies of around 500 men who were killed in the battle lie buried in a mass grave at the foot of the hill. D&H Wexford No: 4. Diameter 28.8mm.Ancient Aussie

Kingdom of JERUSALEM. Struck during the siege of Jerusalem by Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem and Balian of Ibelin in 1187 . Bi Denier .Kingdom of Jerusalem . Struck during the siege of Jerusalem by Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem and Balian of Ibelin in 1187 . Bi Denier .
+ TVRRIS DAVIT (legend retrograde), Tower of David
+ SÐ„PVLChRVM DOMINI, view of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher
Slocum 288; cf. C.J. Sabine, “Numismatic iconography of the Tower of David and the Holy Sepulchre,” NC 1979, pl. 17, 3; N. du Quesne Bird, “Two deniers from Jerusalem, Jordan,” NumCirc LXXIII.5 (May 1965), p. 109; Metcalf, Crusades, p. 77; CCS 51.
Very Rare . Thirteen known example .
The Ernoul chronicle refers to Balian of Ibelin and the patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem stripped the silver and gold edicule from the Church of the Holy Sepulcher for striking coins to pay those defending the city at it's last stand .3 commentsVladislav D

Louis XIV and Marie-Thérèse, AE (Copper) Jeton struck c.1667Obverse: +LVD•XIIII•ET•MAR•THER•D•G•FRA•ET•NAV•REX•ET•REG. Busts of Louis XIV and Marie Therese facing one another. To the left, draped and laureate bust of Louis XVI facing right. To the right, draped bust of Marie Therese facing left, small crown on the back of her head.
Reverse: MAIESTATI•AC•AETERNIT•GALL•IMPERII•SACRVM+. Front view of the new Louvre Palace in Paris.
Diameter: 27.5mm | Weight: 5.7gms | Die Axis: 6
Ref. Feuardent: 13082

Struck at indeterminate mint, possibly Lisse, Netherlands
Engraved by Jean Varin or faithfully copied from his dies

The site of the Louvre was originally a fortress, built in the middle ages by King Philippe-Auguste (1165-1223). Between 1364 and 1380, Charles V (1338-1380) undertook work on this building to transform it into a castle, turning the old fort into a comfortable residence.
François I (1494-1547), known as the sovereign of the Renaissance, demolished the castle begun by Charles V and rebuilt it as the Louvre Palace and Catherine de Medici (1519-1589) had the Tuileries Palace built alongside.
Then King Henri IV (1553-1610), began further modernisations and had a large gallery built between the Louvre Palace and Tuileries Palace to facilitate movement between the seat of power and his apartments. The modernisation work begun by Henri IV was not completed until the reign of Louis XIV, and it is this that is commemorated on this jeton. It was Louis XIV who, before moving on to his work at Versailles, entrusted the development of the gardens to André Le Nôtre. But when the court of the Sun King moved to his new Palace of Versailles the Louvre Palace became somewhat run down and was occupied by a variety of intellectuals and artists who took up residence there.*Alex

Plautilla, overviewThere are five main types of portrait for Plautilla’s denarii at the Rome mint :

A - With a draped bust right, hair coiled in horizontal ridges and fastened in bun in high position. Her facial expression is juvenile
B - Hair being coiled in vertical ridges, with bun in low position. Plautilla looks here more like a young beautiful woman
C - The third bust shows a thinner face of Plautilla with hair in vertical ridges and no bun but braids covering her neck
D - The fourth type has a similar appearance with the former, but the vertical ridges disappear, hair being plastered down, still showing the right ear
E - Plautilla appears with mid long hair plastered down and covering her ears

In the mean time there are seven different reverses :

1 - CONCORDIAE AETERNAE
2 - PROPAGO IMPERI
3 - CONCORDIA AVGG
4 - CONCORDIA FELIX
5 - PIETAS AVGG
6 – DIANA LVCIFERA

Not every combination exists, but some of the above reverses can be shared by several obverse portraits. Noticeable also is an evolution of the obverse legend, being PLAVTILLAE AVGVSTAE (a) in 202, and becoming PLAVTILLA AVGVSTA (b) soon after

You can see the evolution of this interesting coinage in my Plautilla's gallery.
3 commentsPotator II

ROME
PB Tessera (17mm, 2.96 g, 12 h)
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view
Modius with three grain ears
Rostovtzev 358; Milan 52; München 67-70; BM 1330-3, 1335-8, 1340-1; Staal Appendix A, p. 148 (this coin illustrated)

Ex Mark Staal Three Graces Collection (Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 300), lot 432 (part of)1 commentsArdatirion

ROME
PB Tessera (17mm, 2.80 g, 12h)
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view
Modius with three grain ears
Rostovtzev 358.72 = Scholz 461 (this coin); Milan 52; München 67-70; BM 1330-3, 1335-8, 1340-1

Ex Trau CollectionArdatirion

IONIA, Ephesos
PB Tessera (20mm, 3.30 g)
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view
Blank
Gülbay & Kireç 53 var. (reverse type)

Ex Mark Staal Three Graces Collection; Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 232, lot 515 (part of). Found near Ephesus.Ardatirion

IONIA, Ephesos
PB Tessera (18mm, 4.03 g)
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view
Blank
Gülbay & Kireç 53 var. (reverse type)

Ex Mark Staal Three Graces Collection (Classical Numismatic Group Electronic Auction 300), lot 432 (part of)1 commentsArdatirion

IONIA, Ephesos
PB Tessera (12mm, 1.43 g)
Comedy and tragedy masks; AÎžI below
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view
Cf. Gülbay & Kireç 140-2/53 (for obv./rev.)Ardatirion

IONIA, Ephesos
PB Tessera
The Charites (the Three Graces) standing, the left and right facing, the middle with back to view; uncertain legend around
Blank
Gülbay & Kireç -Ardatirion

BRITISH TOKENS, Tudor. temp. Mary–Edward VI.1553-1558.
PB Token (27mm, 5.29 g). St. Nicholas (‘Boy Bishop’) type. Cast in East Anglia (Bury St. Edmund’s?)
Mitre, croizer to right; all within border
Long cross pattée with trefoils in angles; scrollwork border
Rigold, Tokens class X.B, 1; Mitchiner & Skinner group Ra, 1

Ex Classical Numismatic Review XXXIX.1 (Spring 2014), no. 973330

Britain in the late middle ages played host to a popular regional variant of the ‘Feast of Fools’ festival. Every year on the feast of St. Nicholas, a boy was elected from among the local choristers to serve as ‘bishop.’ Dressed in mitre and bearing the croizer of his office, the young boy paraded through the city accompanied by his equally youthful ‘priest’ attendants. The ‘bishop’ performed all the ceremonies and offices of the real bishop, save for the actual conducting of mass. Though this practice was extinguished with the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539, it was briefly revived under Queen Mary, who took particular interest in the festival, when the lucky boy was referred to as ‘Queen Mary’s Child.’ The celebration of the boy bishop died out completely early in the reign of Elizabeth.

Evidence of this custom is particularly prevalent in East Anglia, specifically at Bury St. Edmunds. Beginning in the late 15th century, the region produced numerous lead tokens bearing the likeness of a bishop, often bearing legends relating to the festival of St. Nicholas. Issued in sizes roughly corresponding to groats, half groats, and pennies, these pieces were undoubtedly distributed by the boy bishop himself, and were likely redeemable at the local abbey or guild for treats and sweetmeats. Considering the endemic paucity of small change in Britain at the time, it is likely that, at least in parts of East Anglia, these tokens entered circulation along with the other private lead issues that were becoming common.Ardatirion

"Plate Coin" from Galst's Ophthalmologia in Nummis & Marathaki's SkionePhoto Credit: CNG (for coin, edited)
GREEK (Archaic/Classical). Macedon, Skione AR Hemiobol (6mm, 0.34g, 1h), c. 5th century BCE.
Obv: Head of Protesilaos (?) right wearing taenia
Rev: Schematic human eye in incuse square. (Legend in incuse? Σ−K−I or var.?)
Ref: Marathaki (2014) No. 93 (E70/O67), p. 81, 284, Pl. 27, 57 (this coin illustrated; only spec. from this obv. die); Galst & van Alfen XIII.9 (this coin illustrated); HGC 3, 677 var. (no taenia).
Comparanda: Two examples of this (later?) style, otherwise unpublished: (1) BnF btv1b8590874v [LINK]; (2) Forum (Joe Sermarini, n.d.) GA73133 [LINK].
Provenance: Ex Collection of Dr. Jay M. Galst (1950-2020), w/ his tags, published in his 2013 book with Peter van Alfen, Ophthalmologia Optica et Visio in Nummis; CNG, Classical Numismatic Review vol. XXV [CNR 25] (Summer 2000), No. 22, published in Marathaki's 2014 History and Coinage of Ancient Skione in Chalcidice; CNG e-Auction 531.1 (25 Jan 2023), Lot 78.
Notes: A rarer variety of distinctly more Classical style, and depicting Protesilaos (?) wearing taenia. (Protesilaos was first to die, heroically, in the Trojan War. He fulfilled prophesy by leaping first onto the shores of Troy, knowing it meant he would be killed by Hector.) Prob. later than the usual Archaic style Hemiobol of this type. Possibly c. 423 BCE or later?
Coin-in-hand video & plate excerpt: [Imgur LINK]1 commentsCurtis JJ

(0193) SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS193 - 211 AD
AE 24 mm; 9.36 g
O: Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right;
R: Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus Heliopolitanus, viewed in perspective from above; numerous columns and flight of steps in front
Syria, Heliopolis; cf. SNG Cop 429; SNG München 1031laney

(502a) Roman Republic, L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi, 90 B.C.Silver denarius, S 235, Calpurnia 11, Crawford 340/1, Syd 663a, VF, rainbow toning, Rome mint, 3.772g, 18.5mm, 180o, 90 B.C. obverse: laureate head of Apollo right, scorpion behind; Reverse naked horseman galloping right holding palm, L PISO FRVGI and control number CXI below; ex-CNA XV 6/5/91, #443. Ex FORVM.

A portion of the following text is a passage taken from the excellent article “The Calpurnii and Roman Family History: An Analysis of the Piso Frugi Coin in the Joel Handshu Collection at the College of Charleston,” by Chance W. Cook:

In the Roman world, particularly prior to the inception of the principate, moneyers were allotted a high degree of latitude to mint their coins as they saw fit. The tres viri monetales, the three men in charge of minting coins, who served one-year terms, often emblazoned their coins with an incredible variety of images and inscriptions reflecting the grandeur, history, and religion of Rome. Yet also prominent are references to personal or familial accomplishments; in this manner coins were also a means by which the tres viri monetales could honor their forbearers. Most obvious from an analysis of the Piso Frugi denarius is the respect and admiration that Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, who minted the coin, had for his ancestors. For the images he selected for his dies relate directly to the lofty deeds performed by his Calpurnii forbearers in the century prior to his term as moneyer. The Calpurnii were present at many of the watershed events in the late Republic and had long distinguished themselves in serving the state, becoming an influential and well-respected family whose defense of traditional Roman values cannot be doubted.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, who was moneyer in 90 B.C., depicted Apollo on the obverse and the galloping horseman on the reverse, as does his son Gaius. However, all of L. Piso Frugi’s coins have lettering similar to “L-PISO-FRVGI” on the reverse, quite disparate from his son Gaius’ derivations of “C-PISO-L-F-FRV.”

Moreover, C. Piso Frugi coins are noted as possessing “superior workmanship” to those produced by L. Piso Frugi.

The Frugi cognomen, which became hereditary, was first given to L. Calpurnius Piso, consul in 133 B.C., for his integrity and overall moral virtue. Cicero is noted as saying that frugal men possessed the three cardinal Stoic virtues of bravery, justice, and wisdom; indeed in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, a synonym of frugalitas is bonus, generically meaning “good” but also implying virtuous behavior. Gary Forsythe notes that Cicero would sometimes invoke L. Calpurnius Piso’s name at the beginning of speeches as “a paragon of moral rectitude” for his audience.

L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi’s inclusion of the laureled head of Apollo, essentially the same obverse die used by his son Gaius (c. 67 B.C.), was due to his family’s important role in the establishment of the Ludi Apollinares, the Games of Apollo, which were first instituted in 212 B.C. at the height of Hannibal’s invasion of Italy during the Second Punic War. By that time, Hannibal had crushed Roman armies at Cannae, seized Tarentum and was invading Campania.

Games had been used throughout Roman history as a means of allaying the fears
of the populace and distracting them from issues at hand; the Ludi Apollinares were no different. Forsythe follows the traditional interpretation that in 211 B.C., when C. Calpurnius Piso was praetor, he became the chief magistrate in Rome while both consuls were absent and the three other praetors were sent on military expeditions against Hannibal.

At this juncture, he put forth a motion in the Senate to make the Ludi Apollinares a yearly event, which was passed; the Ludi Apollinares did indeed become an important festival, eventually spanning eight days in the later Republic. However, this interpretation is debatable; H.H. Scullard suggests that the games were not made permanent until 208 B.C. after a severe plague prompted the Senate to make them a fixture on the calendar. The Senators believed Apollo would serve as a “healing god” for the people of Rome.

Nonetheless, the Calpurnii obviously believed their ancestor had played an integral role in the establishment of the Ludi Apollinares and thus prominently displayed
the head or bust of Apollo on the obverse of the coins they minted.

The meaning of the galloping horseman found on the reverse of the L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi coin is more complicated. It is possible that this is yet another reference to the Ludi Apollinares. Chariot races in the Circus Maximus were a major component of the games, along with animal hunts and theatrical performances.

A more intriguing possibility is that the horseman is a reference to C. Calpurnius Piso, son of the Calpurnius Piso who is said to have founded the Ludi Apollinares. This C. Calpurnius Piso was given a military command in 186 B.C. to quell a revolt in Spain. He was victorious, restoring order to the province and also gaining significant wealth in the process.

Upon his return to Rome in 184, he was granted a triumph by the Senate and eventually erected an arch on the Capitoline Hill celebrating his victory. Of course
the arch prominently displayed the Calpurnius name. Piso, however, was not an infantry commander; he led the cavalry.

The difficulty in accepting C. Calpurnius Piso’s victory in Spain as the impetus for the galloping horseman image is that not all of C. Piso Frugi’s coins depict the horseman or cavalryman carrying the palm, which is a symbol of victory. One is inclined to believe that the victory palm would be prominent in all of the coins minted by C. Piso Frugi (the son of L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi) if it indeed signified the great triumph of C. Calpurnius Piso in 186 B.C. Yet the palm’s appearance is clearly not a direct reference to military feats of C. Piso Frugi’s day. As noted, it is accepted that his coins were minted in 67 B.C.; in that year, the major victory by Roman forces was Pompey’s swift defeat of the pirates throughout the Mediterranean.

Chrestomathy: Annual Review of Undergraduate Research at the College of Charleston. Volume 1, 2002: pp. 1-10© 2002 by the College of Charleston, Charleston SC 29424, USA.All rights to be retained by the author.
http://www.cofc.edu/chrestomathy/vol1/cook.pdf

There are six (debatably seven) prominent Romans who have been known to posterity as Lucius Calpurnius Piso:

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi: (d. 261 A.D.) a Roman usurper, whose existence is
questionable, based on the unreliable Historia Augusta.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus: deputy Roman Emperor, 10 January 69 to15 January
69, appointed by Galba.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 27 A.D.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 1 B.C., augur

Lucius Calpurnius Piso: Consul in 15 B.C., pontifex

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus: Consul in 58 B.C. (the uncle of Julius Caesar)

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi: Moneyer in 90 B.C. (our man)

All but one (or two--if you believe in the existence of "Frugi the usurper" ca. 261 A.D.) of these gentlemen lack the Frugi cognomen, indicating they are not from the same direct lineage as our moneyer, though all are Calpurnii.

Calpurnius Piso Frugi's massive issue was intended to support the war against the Marsic Confederation. The type has numerous variations and control marks.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Calpurnius_Piso
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/indexfrm.asp?vpar=55&pos=0

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.

2 commentsCleisthenes

(503f) Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus Silver DenariusCn. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus Silver Denarius, Sear-323, Cr-393/1a, Syd-752, RSC-Cornelia 54, struck 76-75 BC at Spanish Mint, 3.94 grams, 18 mm. EF. Obverse: GPR above Diademed, draped and bearded bust of the Genius of the Roman People facing right, sceptre over shoulder; Reverse: EX in left field, SC in right field; CN LEN Q in exergue, Sceptre with wreath, terrestrial globe and rudder. An exceptional example that is especially well centered and struck on a slightly larger flan than normally encountered with fully lustrous surfaces and a most attractive irridescent antique toning. Held back from the Superb EF/FDC by a small banker's mark in the right obverse field, but still worthy of the finest collection of Roman Republican denarii. Ex Glenn Woods.

Re: CORNELIA 54:

“Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus may be the same moneyer whose issues have been already described (no.s 702-704). Mommsen suggested that these coins were struck in 74 B.C. as a special issue, authorized by the Senate, to defray the cost of armaments against Mithridates of Pontus and the Mediterranean pirates. But Grueber’s view that they were struck in 76 B.C. by Cn. Cornelius Lentulus acting in the capacity of quaestor of Pompey, seems more in accordance with the evidence of finds" (see: G. ii, p. 359n and The Coinage of the Roman Republic, by Edward A. Sydenham, 1976, pgs. 1).

H. A. Seaby shows the coin with the smaller head (Roman Silver Coins Vol. I, Republic to Augustus pg. 33) while David R Sear shows a coin sporting a larger version (Roman Coins and Their Values, pg. 132).

“Cn. Lentulus strikes in Spain in his capacity as quaestor to the proconsul Pompey, who had been sent to the peninsula to assist Q. Caecillus Metellus Piusagainst sertorius”(Roman Coins and Their Values, by David Sear, Vol.1, 2000, pg. 132).

This is not an imperatorial minted coin for Pompey. At the time these coins were minted the Procounsel Pompey was sent to Spain to aid in the war against Sertorius. The moneyer Cn Lentulus served as his Quaestor where he continued to mint coins for Rome.

CN = Cneaus; LEN = Lentulus

Cneaus was his first name. His last, or family name is Lentulus and this clan is a lesser clan within the Cornelii, which is what his middle name of Cornelius implies.

Q = This tells us that he was a Quaestor, or Roman magistrate with judicial powers at the time when the coin was issued, with the responsibility for the treasury. Had this been a position that he once held it would be noted on the coin as PROQ or pro [past] Questor.

For Further Reading on the Cornelia 54 & 55:

Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum, by H. A. Grueber. London, 1910, Vol. II, pgs. 358, 359, 52, 57

Roman Silver Coins Vol. I, Republic to Augustus, by H.A.Seaby 1952, pgs. 32-33

The Coinage of the Roman Republic, by Edward A. Sydenham, 1976, pgs. 122, 241

Roman Coins and Their Values, by David Sear, Vol.1, 2000, pg. 132, 133

Roman Republican Coinage Volume I by Michael H. Crawford 2001, pg. 407

by Jerry Edward Cornelius, April 2006, THE 81 ROMAN COINS OF THE CORNELIA
http://www.cornelius93.com/Cornelia54.html1 commentsCleisthenes

(VII)117Constantine II
FL CL CONSTANTINVS IVN N C
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right viewed from back
SOLI INVICTO COMITI
Sol standing left
S/P//PLN
RIC (VII) 117mauseus

(VII)143Constantine II
CONSTANTINVS IVN N C
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right viewed from back
SOLI INVICTO COMITI
Sol standing left
crescent/-//PLN
RIC (VII) 143mauseus

(VII)295Crispus
FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right viewed from the front
PROVIDENTIAE CAESS
Camp gate with two turrets, star between
-/-//PLON
RIC (VII) 295
1 commentsmauseus

(VII)296Constantine II
CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right viewed from the rear
PROVIDENTIAE CAESS
Camp gate with two turrets, star between
-/-//PLON
RIC (VII) 296mauseus

(VII)296Constantine II
CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right viewed from the rear
PROVIDENTIAE CAESS
Camp gate with two turrets, star between, pellet in doorway
-/-//PLON
RIC (VII) 296 notemauseus

*SOLD* Nürnberg - 1 Kreuzer

Attribution: KM #367; 'Stadtansichtskreuzer von Nürnberg' (city-view Kreuzer of Nuremberg) is the specific type
Date: AD 1773
Obverse: View of Nuremberg in Bavaria/Germany, Providence of God above, 1773 below
Reverse: Three Coat of Arms of Nuremberg – 1) Top is 'Freie und Reichsstadt' ('Free city and city of the German Empire), the meaning is that Nuremberg has no other ruler above it than
the Emperor himself; 2) right is a half eagle, black on golden field, in the l. half, and six red and six silver oblique stripes in the r. field; 3) left shows a golden harpyia (mythic bird) on a blue field, has a female head and is crowned.Noah

0002 Bull Protome Facing Right and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck r., head turned to face the viewer. All within a border of dots.
Rev: ΑΛ upwards, head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 462 - 460 BC1; Weight: .89g; Diameter: 10mm: Die axis: 90º; References, for example: Herrmann Group III Series A pl. I, 20 var. head and neck facing l.; Liampi Corpus 18 (V10/R11) pl. 4, 36; BCD Thessaly II 148; HGC 4, 477.

Notes:
1This is the date given in HGC 4.

Provenance: Ex Roma Numismatics E-Sale 70 Lot 433 April 7, 2020; Ex Roma Numismatics E-Sale 52 Lot 144 January 10, 2019. From a private UK collection.

Photo Credits: Roma Numismatics

CLICK FOR SOURCES1 commentsTracy Aiello

00021 Bull Protome Facing Left and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck l., head turned to face the viewer. All within a border of dots.
Rev: ΑΛ upwards, head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 462/1 - 460 BC1; Weight: .93g; Diameter: 10mm: Die axis: 70º; References, for example: BMC Thessaly p. 24 no. 4, pl. IV no. 7; Hunterian p. 451 no. 1; Traité I ii, 1416, pl. XLIII, 7; Pozzi 1207; Weber 2828; Herrmann Group III A Obolen, pl. I, 20; McClean 4586, pl. on p. 173, 13 ; SNG Cop 96; SGCV I 2105; SNG Ashmolean 3858; Liampi Corpus 15 V7/R9 b, pl. 4, 26; BCD Thessaly I 1105; BCD Thessaly II 147; HGC 4, 476.

Notes:
1This is the date given in BCD Thessaly I.

Provenance: Ex Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger Auction 371 Lot 1082.

Photo Credits: Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger

CLICK FOR SOURCES1 commentsTracy Aiello

00022 Bull Protome Facing Left, Dolphin above, and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck l., head turned to face the viewer, dolphin facing l. above. All within a border of dots.
Rev: ΛΑ upwards, head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 462/1 - 460 BC1; Weight: .6g; Diameter: 10mm: Die axis: 90º; References, for example: Herrmann Group III A Obolen; Liampi 1996, p. 104 no. 16 (V8 - R10), pl. 4 no. 31, 32, and 33; SNG München 44; BCD Thessaly I 1106; BCD Thessaly II 146; HGC 4, 476.

Notes:
1This is the date given in BCD Thessaly I.

Provenance: Ex. Nomos AG Obolos 28 Lot 127 July 2, 2023

Photo Credits: Nomos AG

CLICK FOR SOURCES5 commentsTracy Aiello

0003 Hero Wrestling Bull Protome Facing Left with Lotus Flower and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck l., head turned to face the viewer, on the r. and behind half figure of the hero Thessalos1 to l., grasping the bull by the horns. Lotus flower above. All within border of dots.
Rev: Λ-ΑR-Ι in front and above (retrograde), head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 462/1 - 460 BC2; Weight: .86g; Diameter: 10mm: Die axis: 210º; References, for example: Liampi Corpus p. 101, IA (V1-R1), pl. 4, 1 and 2 and 3; BCD Thessaly I 1103.

Notes:
1Considered the ancestor of all Thessalians. The figure is also sometimes considered to be Jason (of Jason and the Argonauts), who according to one tradition was the father of Thessalos (HGC 4, p. 132).
2This is the date given in BCD Thessaly I.

Provenance: Ex Leu Numismatik February 27, 2021, From a European collection formed before 2005.

Photo Credits: Leu Numismatik

CLICK FOR SOURCES

1 commentsTracy Aiello

0004 Hero Wrestling Bull Protome Facing Right and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck r., head turned to face the viewer, on the l. and behind half figure of the hero Thessalos1 to r. with l. arm over the bull's neck and r. hand below the bull's muzzle. All within border of dots.
Rev:[Λ]Α r. and upwards, head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 460 - 440 BC2; Weight: 1.01g; Diameter: 11mm: Die axis: 180º; References, for example: Liampi Corpus p. 102, 6 (V4-R5), Pl. 4, 13 and 14; BCD Thessaly II 353.3; HGC 4, 480.

Notes:
1Considered the ancestor of all Thessalians. The figure is also sometimes considered to be Jason (of Jason and the Argonauts), who according to one tradition was the father of Thessalos (HGC 4, p. 132).
2This is the date given in HGC 4.

Provenance: Ex Numismatik-Naumann November 14, 2020.

Photo Credits: Numismatik-Naumann

CLICK FOR SOURCES

4 commentsTracy Aiello

00041 Hero Wrestling Bull Protome Facing Left and Bridled Horse Facing RightThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: bull head and neck l., head turned to face the viewer, on the r. and behind half figure of the hero Thessalos to l. with r. arm over the bull’s neck and l. hand below the bull’s muzzle. All within border of dots.
Rev: ΑΛ r. and upwards, head and neck of bridled horse r. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 460 - 440 BC; Weight: 1.03g; Diameter: 10.5mm: Die axis: 270º; References, for example: Liampi Corpus p. 102 no. 4b (V3-R3) for weight and die axis, pl. 4, 8 for depiction; SNG München 43; BCD Thessaly II 353.2; HGC 4 479.

Provenance: Ex CGB Numismatics January 2, 2023.

Photo Credits: CGB Numismatics

CLICK FOR SOURCES4 commentsTracy Aiello

0005 Horse Prancing Right, Larissa Seated Left on HydriaThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: Ο𐌔 above, horse prancing r. on groundline. All within a border of dots.
Rev: ΛA above and l., PI𐌔A in front and down (retrograde), Larissa seated l. on overturned hydria with its mouth to the r. and one side handle facing viewer, l. hand on l. knee and r. hand extended, having kicked the ball to l. on ground.1 All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 460 - 400 BC2; ; Weight: .93g; Diameter: 12mm: Die axis: 90º; References, for example: Imhoof-Blummer p. 72, 200, pl. V, 30; Herrmann Group III F/G, IIIβ Obolen Reverse VII, pl. III, 11; SNG Cop 115; Liampi 1992, 8; SNG München 59; BCD Thessaly I 1115; BCD Thessaly II 164 and 363.1; HGC 4, 491.

Notes:
1Imhoof-Blumer and Herrmann both state that Larissa is binding her sandal while Liampi 1992 notes that she is either binding or loosening her sandal. There is no mention of kicking the ball. In my description I follow BCD Thessaly I, II, and HGC because I assume that Larissa would use two hands instead of one if she were either tightening or loosening her sandal.
2This date range encompases the dates expressed in my listed references.

Provenance: Ex. CNG Triton XXV January 11 - 12, 2022 Lot 177.

Photo Credits: CNG

CLICK FOR SOURCES

4 commentsTracy Aiello

00092 Horse Prancing Left, Larissa Right with Wreath and BallThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: Horse prancing l. on ground line. ΟΣ above with the Σ reversed. All within border of dots.
Rev: Larissa standing on ground line facing the viewer, head turned l. [viewer’s .r], wreath in raised l. hand and ball in lowered r. hand. On r. ΛΑ upwards, on l. ΡΙΣΑ downwards and retrograde. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: 420 - 400 BC1; Weight: .98g; Diameter: 12mm: Die axis: 330º; References, for example: Imhoof-Blummer p. 71, 193/pl. V, 25; Herrmann Group III Small Denominations under E, III 𝛂 Obols rev. II, pl. II, 20; BCD Thessaly II 364.3; HCG 495.

Notes:
1This is the date given in HGC 4.

Provenance: Ex. Numismatica Ars Classica Auction 123 May 9, 2021; Ex CNG e-sale 252, March 23, 2011 lot 46.

Photo Credits: Numismatica Ars Classica

CLICK FOR SOURCES5 commentsTracy Aiello

00093 Horse Prancing Right, Larissa Left with Wreath and BallThessaly Greece, the City of Larissa

Obv: Horse prancing r. on ground line. Ο[𐌔] above. All within border of dots.
Rev: Larissa standing on ground line facing the viewer, head turned r. [viewer's l.], wreath in raised r. hand and ball in lowered l. hand. On l. and below an A, on r. and downward ΛΑΡΙ𐌔. All within incuse square.
Denomination: silver obol; Mint: Larissa; Date: c. 420 - 400 BC1; Weight: 1.00g; Diameter: 13mm: Die axis: 0º; References, for example: BCD Thessaly II 363.3 and 364.1 [this coin]; HGC 4, 496.

Notes:
1This is the date given in HGC 4.

Provenance: Ex Dr. Martina Dieterle March 22, 2021; Ex BCD Thessaly, January 3, 2012.

Photo Credits: Dr. Martina Dieterle

CLICK FOR SOURCES1 commentsTracy Aiello

001k. Mark AntonyA partisan for Julius Caesar, who later formed the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Lepidus. Antony probably was a better politician than soldier. His campaign against Parthia was a debacle. Frequent political conflicts with Octavian, ultimately leading to all-out war between the forces of the two. This culminated with the battle of Actium in 31 BC. After losing, Antony committed suicide. He is a particularly difficult historical figure to assess, given that most of the sources for his actions were written by supporters of Augustus. An interesting contrarian view of the relative virtues of Antony and Octavian is Syme, Ronald (1939). The Roman Revolution. Oxford: Clarendon. Although an older book, it remains available and worth reading for a different perspective.

Coin: AR Denarius. Ephesus mint, 41 BC. M. Barbatius Pollio, moneyer. Obv: M ANT. IMP AVG III VIR. R. PC. M. BARBAT Q P, bare head of Antony right
Rev: CAESAR. IMP. PONT. III. VIR. R. P. C., bare head of Octavian right, in slight beard. Cr517/2lawrence c

001p. Cleopatra VIIPtolemaic queen of Egypt. She had an affair with Julius Caesar while he was in Egypt, probably producing the son Ptolemy XV Caesar, nicknamed Caesarion. She became a key figure in the struggle between Octavian and Mark Antony when the latter began a long-term affair with her. Several acknowledged children resulted from this affair. The affair was viewed with considerable dislike by the Romans, and Octavian and his supporters made the maximum propaganda use of it. Cleopatra provided significant military forces, particularly ships, to Mark Antony for his last war with Octavian. After losing the Battle of Actium and Octavian's occupation of Egypt, she committed suicide on 10 August 30 BC, at age 39.

Coin: AE20. Chalkis, Phoenicia. 32/31 BC. Obv: Diademed bust of Cleopatra right. Rev: Head of Marc Antony right. Svoronos 1887, BMC [Berytus] 15. RPC 4771. Roma Numismatics Auction 71 Lot 690.lawrence c

002a16. Augustus (?)AE28. 28.4mm, 19.34 g. Uncertain date. Uncertain mint. Obv: Bare head right. Rev: Spear, quaestor's chair, and fiscus. Q below. RPC I 5409, Sear CRI 957.

NOTE: A somewhat controversial coin, with no confrmed attributions. RPC & Forum believe it to be Augustus. Sear has a similar view, but places in the Octavian period. Others have ascribed it to Sosius.

A FORUM coin.lawrence c

002b. LiviaLivia, as history most often knows her, was the wife of Augustus for over fifty years, from 38 BC until his death in AD 14 , an astonishingly long time in view of life expectancy in ancient Rome. Although certainty about their inner lives and proof for what we would consider a loving relationship is necessarily lost to us, we can infer genuine loyalty and mutual respect between the two. They remained married despite the fact that she bore him no child. Livia's position as first lady of the imperial household, her own family connections, her confident personality and her private wealth allowed her to exercise power both through Augustus and on her own, during his lifetime and afterward. All the Julio-Claudian emperors were her direct descendants: Tiberius was her son; Gaius (Caligula), her great-grandson; Claudius, her grandson; Nero, her great-great-grandson.

Tiberius and Livia- Thessalonica, Macedonia/Size: 22.5mm/Reference: RPC 1567
Obverse: TI KAISAR SEBASTOS, bare head of Tiberius right Reverse: QESSALONIKEWN SEBASTOU, draped bust of Livia right.

Ex-Imperial Coinsecoli

003a01. TiberiusTarraconensis, Hispania Citerior. Turiaso. AE 27 (27.4 mm, 10.78 g, 7 h). Romano-Celtiberian coinages. C Caecilius Sere M Valerius Qvad IIviri. TI CAES[AR AVGVST F IMPERAT], Laureate head of Tiberius right / MVN [TVR C] / CAEC SER [M VAL QVAD / II / VIR], bull standing right, head turned towards viewer / right; uncertain object (?) beneath bull. RPC I 417. Agora Auction 102, Lot 96.lawrence c

003c. Gemellus & Germanicus GemellusTiberius Julius Caesar Nero was known as "Gemellus" (the twin). Born 19 AD. He was the son of Drusus and Livilia, the grandson of Tiberius, and the cousin of Caligula. Caligula had him put to death or forced him to commit suicide in 37 or 38 AD, viewing him as a possible claimant to the throne. His twin brother Germanicus died in infancy and was on coins only with Tiberius Gemellus.lawrence c

004a. Gaius CaligulaAugustus 37-41 AD

Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, nicknamed Caligula ("little boots") as a child. Initially viewed by the Roman public as a major improvement over Tiberius, and showed some initial promise. Best known for his excesses while emperor. Assassinated by a wide-ranging conspiracy.lawrence c

005a. ClaudiusAugustus 41-54 AD

Uncle of Caligula. Claudius was somewhat an 'accidental' emperor. He was viewed as slow-witted and not suitable for emperor. When Caligula was assassinated, the Praetorians left Claudius alive and proclaimed him as Emperor. Once in office, he proved to a capable ruler, although his marriages created constant stresses for him. It was rumored but never proven that he was poisoned by Agrippina Junior.lawrence c

0114 Lucius Appuleius Saturninus - AR denariusRome
²101 BC / ¹104 BC
helmeted head of Roma left
Saturn in quadriga right holding harpa and reins
·T·
L·SATVRN
¹Crawford 317/3a, SRCV I 193, Sydenham 578, RSC I Appuleia 1
²Mark Passehl - Roman moneyer & coin type chronology, 150 – 50 BC
3,5g 19mm

As quaestor Saturninus superintended the imports of grain at Ostia, but had been removed by the Roman Senate (an unusual proceeding), and replaced by Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, one of the chief members of the Optimates. Standard view is that injustice of his dismissal drove him into the arms of the Populares. In 103 BC he was elected tribune. Marius, on his return to Rome after his victory over the Cimbri, finding himself isolated in the senate, entered into a compact with Saturninus and his ally Gaius Servilius Glaucia, and the three formed a kind of triumvirate, supported by the veterans of Marius and many of the common people. By the aid of bribery and assassination Marius was elected (100 BC) consul for the sixth time, Glaucia praetor, and Saturninus tribune for the second time. Marius, finding himself overshadowed by his colleagues and compromised by their excesses, thought seriously of breaking with them, and Saturninus and Glaucia saw that their only hope of safety lay in their retention of office. Saturninus was elected tribune for the third time for the year beginning December 10, 100, and Glaucia, although at the time praetor and therefore not eligible until after the lapse of 2 years, was a candidate for the consulship. Marcus Antonius Orator was elected without opposition; the other Optimate candidate, Gaius Memmius, who seemed to have the better chance of success, was beaten to death by the hired agents of Saturninus and Glaucia, while the voting was actually going on. This produced a complete revulsion of public feeling. The Senate met on the following day, declared Saturninus and Glaucia public enemies, and called upon Marius to defend the State. Marius had no alternative but to obey. Saturninus, defeated in a pitched battle in the Roman Forum (December 10), took refuge with his followers in the Capitol, where, the water supply having been cut off, they were forced to capitulate. Marius, having assured them that their lives would be spared, removed them to the Curia Hostilia, intending to proceed against them according to law. But the more impetuous members of the aristocratic party climbed onto the roof, stripped off the tiles, and stoned Saturninus and many others to death. Glaucia, who had escaped into a house, was dragged out and killed. (wikipedia)J. B.

014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,
avers: IMP-NERO-CAESAR-AVG-GERM, Laureate head left.
revers: PACE-PR-VBIQ-PARTA-IANVM-CLVSIT, View of one front of the temple of Janus, with latticed window to left, and garland hung across closed double doors on the right, S C across fields.
exe: S/C//--, diameter: 27mm, weight: 11,14g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 66 AD., ref: RIC-348, C-,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

014a. NervaEmperor 18 September 96 – 27 January 98

Marcus Cocceius Nerva. Nerva was a long-serving court official and served as consul. He was 66 when Domitian was assassinated; it is unclear if he was involved in the conspiracy, although Cassius Dio claims that he was aware of it. The Senate quickly proclaimed Nerva as the new emperor. His support among the legions and the Praetorians was very weak, leading him to name Trajan (who was very popular with both) as Caesar. He died of natural causes in 98 AD. He was viewed as the first of the five "Excellent Emperors."lawrence c

018b02. Faustina SeniorDenarius. 150 AD. Obv: DIVA FAVSTINA, diademed and draped bust right. Rev: AED DIV FAVSTINAE, front view of hexastyle temple on five steps, fencing before, statue of Faustina within. RIC 343, RSC 1.lawrence c

023a. Didius JulianusEmperor 28 March to 2 June 193

In what most Roman historians viewed as the nadir of the Empire, after the murder of Pertinax, two rich politicians, Sulpicianus and Didius Julianus, went to the Praetorian camp, where the Praetorians auctioned the throne to whoever would provide them the largest donatives. Didius won and became the Emperor. His means of achieving the throne led to thorough disgust by the leaders of the legions, and three commanders rose against him. He was deposed by the senate and was murdered.lawrence c

026 - Diocletian (284-305 AD), pre-reform Antoninianus - RIC 306Obv. IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev. CONCORDIA MILITVM, emperor standing right, holding parazonium and receiving Victory om globe from Jupiter, standing left, holding sceptre.
Minted in Cyzicus (A in field, XXI in exe), first officina.

There is one die matching obv. to this coin on Coinarchives: http://www.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=117756&AucID=137&Lot=917 . pierre_p77

026/3 Litra or 1/8 ounceAnonymous. Æ Litra or 1/8 ounce. Rome. 234-231 BC. ( 3.43g, 15mm, 5h) Obv: Laureate head of Apollo right Rev: Horse rearing left, wearing bridle, bit, and reins; ROMA below.

Crawford 26/3; Sydenham 29 (Half-litra); Kestner 56-65; BMCRR Romano-Campanian 70-74 (Half-litra)

This coin is attributed as a Litra by Crawford, others define it as half-litra. However, it could be argued that "1/8 ounce piece" is the better description.

First of all, on litra and half-litra:

"According to Crawford, the weight standard of the series 26 litra and half litra are based on a litra of 3.375 grams . The half litra in Crawford is described as having a dog on the reverse rather than a horse, and the average weight of the half litra of several specimens is described as 1.65 grams. BMCRR does refer to these as half litrae; but keep in mind that Grueber was writing circa 1900 and based on older scholarship. Sydenham was writing in the 1950s. Of the three major works cited, Crawford is the most current and likely based on a greater number of more recent finds."

Andrew Mccabe:

"It's very doubtful to me that the word "litra" is correct. Much more likely, these small bronze coins were simply fractions of the Aes Grave cast coinage system, as they come in weights of 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 ounce, and the Aes Grave coinage generally had denominations from As down to Semuncia (1/2 ounce). So this coin would be 1/8 ounce coin. That's my view, which differs from their long term designation as "Litra", which presume them to be overvalued token bronze coinage on the Sicilian model, whereby bronze coins had value names that indicate a relationship to the silver coinage.

Litra, the word, is from the same stem as Libra, i.e. pound, would suggest a denomination of a (light) Sicilian pound of bronze, which sometimes equates in value to a small silver coin in Sicily weighing about 1/12 didrachm (about 0.6 grams) so by this definition, a Litra = an Obol. But it hardly stands up to scrutiny that such a tiny bronze coin, weighing 3.375 grams, could have been equivalent to a 0.6 gram silver obol. It would imply a massive overvaluation of bronze that just does not seem credible.

So. throw out the Litras, and call these coins 1/8 ounce pieces, and I think we have a sensible answer."

Paddy

0262 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 119-23 AD Lictor Reference.
RIC II, 590b; Banti 620; Strack 555; C 1210; RIC 262

Bust A4

Obv. IMP CAES TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III
Laureate heroic bust right, slight drapery

Rev. RELIQVA VETERA HS NOVIES MILL ABOLITA / S - C
Lictor standing left, torching heap of bonds and shouldering fasces

25.59 gr
32 mm
6h

Notes.
https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=RELIQVA%20VETERA%20HS%20NOVIES%20MILL%20ABOLITA

From the estate of Thomas Bentley Cederlind. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 47 (16 September 1998), lot 1611.

In July of AD 118 Hadrian made his first appearance in Rome as emperor to celebrate a Parthian triumph in the name of Trajan. He was quickly called away to Moesia to subdue the Sarmatians and Roxolani. While away, four high ranking senators – Lucius Quietus, Cornelius Palma, L. Publius Celsus and C. Avidius – were executed by the senate for an alleged conspiracy against Hadrian, despite a promise by Hadrian not to execute members of the Senate. To calm a suspicious public, Hadrian held a week long gladiatorial show, granted an extra public largesse, and, as this coin advertises, relinquished the public debt to the state equaling 900 million sestertii. This event culminated in an elaborate ceremony held in the Forum of Trajan where all records of these debts were set on fire.4 commentsokidoki

031c. OrbianaWife of Severus Alexander. Married in 225. His mother Julia Mamea apparently viewed her as a potential threat and she forced a divorce and exile for Orbiana in 227.
lawrence c

0351 Hadrian Quinarius Roma 119-23 AD VictoryReference.
RIC III, 351 RIC II, 107c; C.1135; Strack 133 (same reverse die as plate)

Bust D2

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped, cuirassed bust viewed from side

Rev. P M TR P COS III
Victory standing right, resting foot on helmet, inscribing shield set on palm

1.45 gr
14 mm
6h2 commentsokidoki

036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0343 (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, AED DIV FAVSTINAE, Hexastyle temple,036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0343 (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, AED DIV FAVSTINAE, Hexastyle temple,
Wife of Antoninus Pius.
avers:- DIVA-FAVSTINA, Diademed and draped bust right.
revers:- AED-DIV-FAVSTINAE, Front view of temple of six columns on five steps, fencing before. Within is a statue of Faustina. Varying ornaments on temple.
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 17mm, weight: 2,95g, axis: 11h,
mint: Rome, date: 150 A.D., ref: RIC-III-343 (Antoninus Pius)p- , RSC-191, BMCRE-306 (Pius),
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0388 (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, DEDICATIO AEDIS, Hexastyle temple,036 Faustina Senior (100-141 A.D.), RIC III 0388 (A.Pius), Rome, AR-Denarius, DEDICATIO AEDIS, Hexastyle temple,
Wife of Antoninus Pius.
avers:- DIVA-AVG-FAVSTINA, Draped bust right.
revers:- DEDICATIO-AEDIS, Frontal view of a hexastyle temple, Victories in corners.
exerg: , diameter: 17-19mm, weight: 3,03g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 141-161 A.D., ref: RIC-III-388 (Antoninus Pius)p- , RSC-191, BMCRE-306 (Pius),
Q-001
This coin type records the dedication of the
temple of Divus Antoninus and Diva Faustina. The
dedication ceremonies took place in 142 AD, and
construction was completed in 150 AD. The temple
still stands today, overlooking the Forum.quadrans

0367 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD LibertasReverence.
Strack 74; C. 903; RIC II, 127; RIC III, 367

Bust C1

Obv: IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG.
Laureate, draped bust, viewed from front

Rev: P M TR P COS III / LIB PVB in ex.
Libertas seated left, holding branch and sceptre.

3.3 gr
18 mm
h1 commentsokidoki

0373A Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD LibertasReference.
RIC 373A.; Strack 75; RIC II, 128; BMC 290; C. 907.

Bust C2

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN-HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped, bust viewed from back

Rev. P M TR P COS-III LIB | PVB in field
Libertas standing left, holding pileus and vindicta

3.36 gr
20 mm
6h2 commentsokidoki

0389 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD Aequitas-Moneta standingReference.
Strack 107; RIC III, 389 ; C 1118; RIC II, 80

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped bust, viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III
Aequitas-Moneta standing left with scales & cornucopia

3.23 gr
19 mm
12hokidoki

0391A Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD Aequitas-Moneta standingReference.
RIC 384; Strack 107 (know as an aureus); RIC 391A

Bust C2 var.

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped, bust viewed from back

Rev. P M TR P COS III
Aequitas-Moneta standing left holding scales and cornucopia

3.57 gr
20 mm
6h1 commentsokidoki

04 Gaius (Caligula) RIC I 2Gaius (Caligula) 37-41 A.D. AR Denarius. Lugdunum (Lyons) Mint 37 AD. (3.3g, 18.5mm, 2h). Obv: C CAESAR AVG GERM P M TR POT COS, bare head right. Rev: anepigraphic, Augustus, radiate head right between two stars. RIC I 2, BMC 4, Sear 1808. Ex personal collection Steve McBride/Incitatus Coins.

Son of Germanicus, Gaius was adopted by Tiberius and was proclaimed Emperor on Tiberius’ death. His reign, marked by cruelty, was ended when he was assassinated by the Praetorian Guard. There is some question when the Imperial Mint was moved from Lugdunum to Rome, but the majority view holds at least Gaius’ early issues were still from Lugdunum.

With more than moderate wear and damage, this coin still has an almost complete obverse legend, and is a decent weight. It was very difficult for me to track down a denarius of Gaius. 2 commentsLucas H

0421 Hadrian Sestertius, Roma 119-23 AD Hadrian Reference.
RIC II, 582; C 930; Strack 548; RIC 421

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III:
Laureate, draped bust, viewed from front

Rev. LIBERALITAS AVG III in Ex. S C
Hadrian, seated left on platform, hand extended towards citizen, advancing right, with fold of toga held out; in background Liberalitas standing front, holding up coin scoop; behind Hadrian, attendant standing left.

24.93 gr
33 mm
h

Note.
Comment on Tablet by Curtis Clay.
The object in question was a tablet with a set number of shallow coin-size depressions drilled into it, say 50 depressions. It was dipped into the chest of coins like a scoop, and shaken until one coin had settled into each depression. Any excess coins were then swept back into the chest with the official's other hand, and the full board containing exactly fifty coins was then emptied into the outstretched toga of the recipient. So the object in question was a coin scoop/coin counter, meant to rapidly and accurately distribute the required number of coins to each recipient.2 commentsokidoki

0424 Hadrian Sestertius, Roma 119-23 AD LibertasRIC II, 583a; C 948. BMC 1190A; Strack 549; RIC 424; Banti 512

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III
Laureate, draped bust, viewed from front

Rev. LIBERTAS PVBLICA S C in ex.
Libertas, seated left, holding branch and sceptre

31.63 gr
35.5 mm
6h1 commentsokidoki

0441 Hadrian Dupondius Roma 119-23 AD Moneta Reference.
RIC II, 600; Strack 552; RIC 441

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III
Radiate head, draped bust viewed from front

Rev. MONETA AVGVSTI, S C in field
Moneta standing left holding scales and cornucopia

14.97 gr
28 mm
6hokidoki

0453 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 119-23 AD SalusReference.
RIC 453; Strack 560; Banti --;

Bust D2

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVG P M TR P COS III
Laureate draped and cuirassed bust with drapery covering cuirass, viewed from back

Rev. SALVS AVGVSTI; S C
Salus seated left, offering patera to snake coiled around alter set at before her.

27.27 gr
28 mm
6h1 commentsokidoki

0472 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 119-23 AD Pietas Reference.
Strack 542; RIC 472; RIC II, 587

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG PM TRP COS III
Laureate, draped bust viewed from front

Rev. PIETAS AVGVSTI; S C in field
Pietas veiled, standing right before altar, raising one hand and holding box of incense in other.

27,42 gr
34 mm
6hokidoki

0473 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 119-23 AD Pietas Reference.
Strack 542; RIC 473; RIC II, 587

Bust D1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG PM TRP COS III
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust viewed from front

Rev. PIETAS AVGVSTI; S C in field
Pietas veiled, standing right before altar, raising one hand and holding box of incense in other.

27.71 gr
33 mm
6h

Note.
Philippe Rossignol collectionokidoki

0478 Hadrian Dupondius Roma 119-23 AD Pietas Reference.
C.1044; RIC 601c; BMC1233; Strack 542; RIC 478

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG PM TRP COS III
Radiate, draped bust viewed from front

Rev. PIETAS AVGVSTI; S C in field
Pietas veilt, standing right before altar, raising one hand and holding box of incense in other.

10.41 gr
26 mm
6hokidoki

049a. MacrianusUsurper 260 - 261
Macrianus was the oldest son of Macrianus Senior (who was not viewed as a candidate for emperor due to his lameness and who did not strike coins). After Valerian was captured by the Sasanians, Macrianus tried to usurp the empire by naming his two sons, Macrianus Junior and Quietus as co-emperors in Summer 260. Macrianus Senior and Macrianus Junior succeeded in driving the Persians out of Antioch, but were defeated and killed in the Balkans in Summer 261 against Gallienus's troops.lawrence c

049a04. MacrianusBITHYNIA. Nicaea. AE 23mm, 6.82 g. Obv: TI ΦOVΛ IOV MAKPIANOC CEB. Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev: APICTΩΝ MEΓ NIKAIEΩN. View of city walls in shape of octagon, seen from aerial perspective; arched central gateways above and below. RG 868. RIC Volume: X №: — (unassigned; ID 74614). Numismatic Naumann Auc 136, lot 3331 commentslawrence c

050 Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Emesa, RIC IV-I 633, AR-Denarius, VENER VICTOR, Venus standing right, Scarce! #1050 Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Emesa, RIC IV-I 633, AR-Denarius, VENER VICTOR, Venus standing right, Scarce! #1
avers: IVLIA DO MNA AVG, Bust draped right.
reverse: VENER VICTOR, Venus standing right, her back turned to the viewer, draped from the waist down and leaning on a short column with her left elbow; holding a palm branch with her left arm and an apple in her extended right hand.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter:17,0-17,5mm, weight: 3,15g, axis: 6h,
mint: Emesa, date: 194-195 A.D.,
ref: RIC IV-I 633, RSC 189, BMCRE 423, Scarce!
Q-0013 commentsquadrans

050 Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Roma, RIC IV-I 536D, AR-Denarius, VENERI VICTR, Venus standing right, #1050 Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Roma, RIC IV-I 536D, AR-Denarius, VENERI VICTR, Venus standing right, #1
avers: IVLIA DOMNA AVG, Bust draped right.
reverse: VENERI VICTR, Venus standing right, her back turned to the viewer, draped from the waist down and leaning on a short column with her left elbow; holding a palm branch with her left arm and an apple in her extended right hand.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter:15,5-19,0mm, weight: 2,74g, axis: 0h,
mint: Roma, date: 194 A.D., ref: RIC IV-I 536D, RSC 194, BMCRE 49, Sear 6608,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

0500 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD ConcordiaReference.
RIC 500; Strack 60; RIC II, 116 ; C 212; BMC 251.

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped bust, viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III / in exergue, CLEM.
Clementia standing left with column, holding patera over altar on the left, and holding sceptre

3.26 gr
18 mm
6hokidoki

0504 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-22 AD FortunaReference.
RIC II, 122; RIC 504; Strack 65

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped, bust viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III in Ex FORT RED
Fortuna seated left, holding rudder and cornucopia

3.34 gr
19 mm
6h

Note.
Philippe Rossignol collectionokidoki

0544 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-122 AD RomaReference.
Strack 121; RIC III, 544; c. 1104

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG.
Laureate, draped, bust viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III.
Roma seated left on cuirass, shield behind, Victory in right hand, vertical spear in left

3.26 gr
19 mm
12hokidoki

0544 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-123 AD RomaReference.
Strack 121; RIC 544; c. 1104; RIC 77

Bust C1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped, bust viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III.
Roma seated left on cuirass, holding spear and Victory, shield with quiver behind.

3.40 gr
19 mm
6hokidoki

0545 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD Roma Reference.
Strack 121; RIC 545, plate ; C. 1104

Bust C2

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG.
Laureate, draped bust viewed from side

Rev. P M TR P COS III.
Roma seated left on cuirass, holding spear and Victory, shield with quiver behind.

3.26 gr
19 mm
12h

Note.
This die from C2 bust has been recut from a A1 bust1 commentsokidoki

0546 Hadrian Denarius Roma 119-23 AD RomaReference.
C 1102; RIC III,546 Strack 121

Bust D1

Obv. IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust viewed from front

Rev. P M TR P COS III
Roma, helmeted, seated left on cuirass, holding Victory and spear, no shield behind

3.43 gr
20 mm
6h3 commentsokidoki

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