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Trajan Limes Falsum?
Imitating a Dupondius, RIC 502 or RIC 591
Obv: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V (VI?) P P
Apparently a double strike, which means that the coin was struck, not cast.
Rev: S P Q R OPTIMO PRINCIPI
Fortuna standing l., holding rudder and cornucopiae
28mm, 3.31gklausklage

Metapontum, Lucania, c. 340 - 330 B.C.
|Italy|, |Metapontum,| |Lucania,| |c.| |340| |-| |330| |B.C.|, NEWLeukippos (or Leucippus) was a son of king Oinomaos of Pisa. He fell in love with the nymph Daphne and disguised himself as a girl to join her company. When she discovered his true identity in the bath, he was slain by the nymphs. Based on this portrait, his plan was doomed from the start.

Another Leukippos, unrelated to the coin, was a philosopher in the first half of 5th century B.C. This Leukippos was the first Greek to develop the theory of atomism; the idea that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms. His theory was elaborated in far greater detail by his pupil and successor, Democritus. Leukippos was born in Miletus or Abdera.
GS110591. Silver nomos, Johnson-Noe B3.15 (same dies); SNG Fitzwilliam 497 (same); Historia Numorum Italy 1576; SNG ANS 443, VF, fine style, toned, areas weakly struck, irregularly shaped flan, Metapontion (Metaponto, Italy) mint, weight 7.812g, maximum diameter 22.5mm, die axis 315o, c. 340 - 330 B.C.; obverse ΛEYKIΠΠOΣ (clockwise from above), head of Leucippus right, bearded, wearing Corinthian helmet with a plain bowl, dog (control symbol) seated left behind; reverse barley ear, stalk and leaf on right, bird with open wings on leaf, META upward on left, AMI below leaf; from the CEB Collection, Ex: Numismatic Fine Arts, Inc, Summer Bid Sale, June 27, 1986, lot 45.paul1888

Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm. ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate.
Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm (15 mm, 2.60 g, 12 h). ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate. Head of Helios facing slightly right / P-O, rose with bud to left; in left field, club; above, magistrate's name: [ΑΡΙ]ΣΤΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ. R. J. H. Ashton, ""Clubs, Thunderbolts, Torches, Stars and Caducei: more Pseudo-Rhodian Drachms from Mainland Greece and the Islands,"" NC 162 (2002), 17 (A6/P5; this coin). Toned. Very fine.
Ex: TRISKELES AUCTIONS 326 ON VAUCTIONS
LOT 48, 29 Sep 2017; Ex Naville V (18 June 1923), 2669. Ex: British Museum

The Pseudo-Rhodian drachms were struck, probably by the Macedonians under Perseus but possibly by the Romans, to pay for Mercenaries from Crete and Rhodes who would have been familiar with Rhodian coinage. The coins in the name of the magistrate Aristokrates with the club symbol in the field is the largest known individual issue of pseudo-Rhodian drachms from the Third Macedonian War, and used at least twenty-nine obverse dies.1 commentspaul1888

064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC - error - obvDenarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS I - I, Laureate head right
Rev:– FELICITAS TEMPOR, grain ear between crossed cornucopiae / VICTOR SEVER AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 194-195
Reference:– BMCRE 347 note/ BMCRE 399. RIC 347A/RIC 428. RSC 141b/RSC 749

The reverse of this coin has been struck with two diffrerent reverse dies during the strking process. The coin was originally struck, not removed and then struck again with a different reverse die. maridvnvm

23.5 Septimius Severus - overstrike of Pescennius Niger DenariusSilver denarius, RIC IV 377 or similar, F, overstruck, 2.118g, 19.3mm, 180o, Emesa mint, 194 - 195 A.D.; obverse IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS II (or similar), laureate head right; reverse FORTVN REDVC (or similar), Fortuna standing left, cornucopia in left, rudder (?) in right

Purchased from FORVM
RI01293 commentsSosius

ROME
PB Tessera (15mm, 2.37 g, 3 h)
Lion leaping right; S above, RV below
Dolpin right; S above, RV below
Rostowzew 604, fig. 47 var. (arrangement of letters)

Although it initially appears to be struck, close examination reveals that this piece was cast, with insufficient metal filling the mold.2 commentsArdatirion

Dy.262 Philip VI (of Valois): Gros à la couronne, 1st emissionPhilip VI, king of France (1328-1350)
Gros à la couronne, 1st emission (01/01/1337)

Silver (851 ‰), 2.51 g, diameter 25 mm, die axis 5h
O: inner circle: (ringlet)PhI-LIP-PVS-REX; legend interrupted by a cross pattée; outer circle: BnDICTV⋮SIT⋮nOmÐ„⋮DNIâ‹®nRI⋮DÐ„I
R: inner circle: +FRANCORVm; châtel tournois under a crown, with 3 bullets inside; outer circle: a circlet of 11 fleur-de-lis

Philip VI is the first non direct capetian king. He was the cousin of the 3 previous kings.
The Gros tournois hadn't changed since its creation by Saint Louis. During Philip VI's reign, 3 new types of Gros were struck, with lighter weight and less silver. These monetary difficulties may be related to the premisses of the One Hundred Years' war and French military defeats.

The 3 bullets in the chatel (without any star below) are characteristic of the 1st emission.

(500a113) Roman Republic, P. Licinius Nerva, 113-112 B.C.ROMAN REPUBLIC: P. Licinius Nerva. AR denarius (3.93 gm). Rome, ca. 113-112 BC. Helmeted bust of Roma left, holding spear over right shoulder and shield on left arm, crescent above, * before, ROMA behind / P. NERVA, voting scene showing two citizens casting their ballots in the Comitium, one receiving a ballot from an attendant, the other dropping his ballot into a vessel at right. Crawford 292/1. RSC Licinia 7. RCTV 169. Nearly very fine. Ex Freeman and Sear.

Here is a denarius whose reverse device is one that celebrates the privilege and responsibility that is the foundation of a democratic society; it is a forerunner to the L. Cassius Longinus denarius of 63 B.C. Granted, humanity had a long road ahead toward egalitarianism when this coin was struck, but isn't it an interesting testimony to civil liberty's heritage? "The voter on the left (reverse) receives his voting tablet from an election officer. Horizontal lines in the background indicate the barrier separating every voting division from the others. Both voters go across narrow raised walks (pontes); this is intended to ensure that the voter is seen to cast his vote without influence" (Meier, Christian. Caesar: A Biography. Berlin: Severin and Siedler, 1982. Plate 12). This significant coin precedes the Longinus denarius by 50 years.

J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
2 commentsCleisthenes

007a. Civil Wars 68-69The Civil Wars erupted in Gaul in March 68 under the leadership of Vindex, quickly followed by Galba in Spain. Vindex was beaten, but Galba's revolt continued. Clodius Macer also rose up in Africa. About a year later, in March 69, pro-Vitellian forces rose up in Gaul. Finally, in late 69, a separate widespread revolt under the leadership of Julius Civilis erupted in Southern Gaul, but eventually was crushed. Some portrait coins were struck, but the majority of coinage from the firsy period was one of three types: 1) denarii with the portrait of Augustus; 2) denarii with symbolic devices; and 3) bronze coins of Nero that were overstruck with SPQR lawrence c

063 - Clodius Albinus As - RIC 59 AE As
Obv:- D CL SEPT ALB CAES, Bare headed head right
Rev:- FORT REDVCI COS II, Fortuna, seated left holding rudder and cornucopia
Minted in Rome. A.D. 194 - A.D. 195
Reference:- BMCRE 547 note. RIC 59 (Rare)

Additional information from Curtis Clay:-

"Same dies as J. Hirsch 24, 1909, Weber 1793, Cat. 327 in my Oxford thesis.
The Fortuna Redux type is common on Albinus' sestertii, but rare on his denarii (4 spec. in Reka Devnia hoard) and on his asses. In my thesis I catalogued just eight specimens of the As, from two rev. dies. One of the rev. dies has wheel under seat, the other, from which your coin was struck, omits the wheel. Further specimens have turned up since 1972, but no new rev. dies.
Ragged flan as often and some pitting, but really quite a presentable specimen, in my opinion! "maridvnvm

064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC - errorDenarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS I - I, Laureate head right
Rev:– FELICITAS TEMPOR, grain ear between crossed cornucopiae / VICTOR SEVER AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left.
Minted in Emesa. A.D. 194-195
Reference:– BMCRE 347 note/ BMCRE 399. RIC 347A/RIC 428. RSC 141b/RSC 749

2.17 g, 18.75 mm. 0 & 180 degree

The reverse of this coin has been struck with two diffrerent reverse dies during the strking process. The coin was originally struck, not removed and then struck again with a different reverse die.maridvnvm

064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC - error - rev 1Denarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS I - I, Laureate head right
Rev:– FELICITAS TEMPOR, grain ear between crossed cornucopiae / VICTOR SEVER AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 194-195
Reference:– BMCRE 347 note/ BMCRE 399. RIC 347A/RIC 428. RSC 141b/RSC 749

The reverse of this coin has been struck with two diffrerent reverse dies during the strking process. The coin was originally struck, not removed and then struck again with a different reverse die. maridvnvm

064 - Septimius Severus denarius - RIC - error - rev 2denarius
Obv:– IMP CAE L SEP SEV PERT AVG COS I - I, Laureate head right
Rev:– FELICITAS TEMPOR, grain ear between crossed cornucopiae / VICTOR SEVER AVG, Victory walking left, holding wreath in right hand, palm in left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 194-195
Reference:– BMCRE 347 note/ BMCRE 399. RIC 347A/RIC 428. RSC 141b/RSC 749

The reverse of this coin has been struck with two diffrerent reverse dies during the strking process. The coin was originally struck, not removed and then struck again with a different reverse diemaridvnvm

098-117 AD - TRAJAN AE quadrans - struck 99-102 ADobv: IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG (laureate head right)
rev: DARDANICI (woman standing left, holding branch and gathering up drapery)
ref: RIC II 704 (R2), C.139 (30frcs), BMCRE 1106 note
mint: Dardanian mines
2.90gms, 16mm
Very rare

Dardania was a region situated in Moesia Superior. For the Romans this was the mining province par excellence; were divided into several mining districts managed by the procuratores. It is unknown why these coins were struck, though many feel that they were made for use at the mines themselves, as payment for the workers. The original denomination of this coin is uncertain.berserker

168 Constans II, AD 641-668Gold solidus, 18mm, 4.46g, aEF
Struck c. AD 659-662 at Constantinople
[legend blundered and fragmentary], facing busts of Contans II with long beard (on left), and beardless Constantine IV, each clad in chlamys, Constans wearing plumed crown (or helmet), his son wearing simple crown, cross in upper field between their heads / VICTORI-A A-VGU Δ+, long cross on globus between facing standing figures of Heraclius (on left) and Tiberius, both beardless, each wearing crown and chlamys and holding globus cruciger in right hand; CoNoB in exergue. Obverse double struck, reverse flan mark in center.
Ex: Glenn Woods
Sear 963; DOC 29g var; MIB 30Lawrence W

1701a, Saladin, 1169-1193AYYUBID: Saladin, 1169-1193, AR dirham (2.92g), Halab, AH580, A-788, lovely struck, well-centered & bold, Extremely Fine, Scarce.

His name in Arabic, in full, is SALAH AD-DIN YUSUF IBN AYYUB ("Righteousness of the Faith, Joseph, Son of Job"), also called AL-MALIK AN-NASIR SALAH AD-DIN YUSUF I (b. 1137/38, Tikrit, Mesopotamia--d. March 4, 1193, Damascus), Muslim sultan of Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and Palestine, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and the most famous of Muslim heroes.

In wars against the Christian crusaders, he achieved final success with the disciplined capture of Jerusalem (Oct. 2, 1187), ending its 88-year occupation by the Franks. The great Christian counterattack of the Third Crusade was then stalemated by Saladin's military genius.

Saladin was born into a prominent Kurdish family. On the night of his birth, his father, Najm ad-Din Ayyub, gathered his family and moved to Aleppo, there entering the service of 'Imad ad-Din Zangi ibn Aq Sonqur, the powerful Turkish governor in northern Syria. Growing up in Ba'lbek and Damascus, Saladin was apparently an undistinguished youth, with a greater taste for religious studies than military training.
His formal career began when he joined the staff of his uncle Asad ad-Din Shirkuh, an important military commander under the amir Nureddin, son and successor of Zangi. During three military expeditions led by Shirkuh into Egypt to prevent its falling to the Latin-Christian (Frankish) rulers of the states established by the First Crusade, a complex, three-way struggle developed between Amalric I, the Latin king of Jerusalem, Shawar, the powerful vizier of the Egyptian Fatimid caliph, and Shirkuh. After Shirkuh's death and after ordering Shawar's assassination, Saladin, in 1169 at the age of 31, was appointed both commander of the Syrian troops and vizier of Egypt.

His relatively quick rise to power must be attributed not only to the clannish nepotism of his Kurdish family but also to his own emerging talents. As vizier of Egypt, he received the title king (malik), although he was generally known as the sultan. Saladin's position was further enhanced when, in 1171, he abolished the Shi'i Fatimid caliphate, proclaimed a return to Sunnah in Egypt, and consequently became its sole ruler.

Although he remained for a time theoretically a vassal of Nureddin, that relationship ended with the Syrian emir's death in 1174. Using his rich agricultural possessions in Egypt as a financial base, Saladin soon moved into Syria with a small but strictly disciplined army to claim the regency on behalf of the young son of his former suzerain.
Soon, however, he abandoned this claim, and from 1174 until 1186 he zealously pursued a goal of uniting, under his own standard, all the Muslim territories of Syria, northern Mesopotamia, Palestine, and Egypt.

This he accomplished by skillful diplomacy backed when necessary by the swift and resolute use of military force. Gradually, his reputation grew as a generous and virtuous but firm ruler, devoid of pretense, licentiousness, and cruelty. In contrast to the bitter dissension and intense rivalry that had up to then hampered the Muslims in their resistance to the crusaders, Saladin's singleness of purpose induced them to rearm both physically and spiritually.

Saladin's every act was inspired by an intense and unwavering devotion to the idea of jihad ("holy war")-the Muslim equivalent of the Christian crusade. It was an essential part of his policy to encourage the growth and spread of Muslim religious institutions.

He courted its scholars and preachers, founded colleges and mosques for their use, and commissioned them to write edifying works especially on the jihad itself. Through moral regeneration, which was a genuine part of his own way of life, he tried to re-create in his own realm some of the same zeal and enthusiasm that had proved so valuable to the first generations of Muslims when, five centuries before, they had conquered half the known world.

Saladin also succeeded in turning the military balance of power in his favour-more by uniting and disciplining a great number of unruly forces than by employing new or improved military techniques. When at last, in 1187, he was able to throw his full strength into the struggle with the Latin crusader kingdoms, his armies were their equals. On July 4, 1187, aided by his own military good sense and by a phenomenal lack of it on the part of his enemy, Saladin trapped and destroyed in one blow an exhausted and thirst-crazed army of crusaders at Hattin, near Tiberias in northern Palestine.

So great were the losses in the ranks of the crusaders in this one battle that the Muslims were quickly able to overrun nearly the entire Kingdom of Jerusalem. Acre, Toron, Beirut, Sidon, Nazareth, Caesarea, Nabulus, Jaffa (Yafo), and Ascalon (Ashqelon) fell within three months.

But Saladin's crowning achievement and the most disastrous blow to the whole crusading movement came on Oct. 2, 1187, when Jerusalem, holy to both Muslim and Christian alike, surrendered to the Sultan's army after 88 years in the hands of the Franks. In stark contrast to the city's conquest by the Christians, when blood flowed freely during the barbaric slaughter of its inhabitants, the Muslim reconquest was marked by the civilized and courteous behaviour of Saladin and his troops. His sudden success, which in 1189 saw the crusaders reduced to the occupation of only three cities, was, however, marred by his failure to capture Tyre, an almost impregnable coastal fortress to which the scattered Christian survivors of the recent battles flocked. It was to be the rallying point of the Latin counterattack.

Most probably, Saladin did not anticipate the European reaction to his capture of Jerusalem, an event that deeply shocked the West and to which it responded with a new call for a crusade. In addition to many great nobles and famous knights, this crusade, the third, brought the kings of three countries into the struggle.

The magnitude of the Christian effort and the lasting impression it made on contemporaries gave the name of Saladin, as their gallant and chivalrous enemy, an added lustre that his military victories alone could never confer on him.

The Crusade itself was long and exhausting, and, despite the obvious, though at times impulsive, military genius of Richard I the Lion-Heart, it achieved almost nothing. Therein lies the greatest-but often unrecognized--achievement of Saladin. With tired and unwilling feudal levies, committed to fight only a limited season each year, his indomitable will enabled him to fight the greatest champions of Christendom to a draw. The crusaders retained little more than a precarious foothold on the Levantine coast, and when King Richard set sail from the Orient in October 1192, the battle was over.

Saladin withdrew to his capital at Damascus. Soon, the long campaigning seasons and the endless hours in the saddle caught up with him, and he died. While his relatives were already scrambling for pieces of the empire, his friends found that the most powerful and most generous ruler in the Muslim world had not left enough money to pay for his own grave.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
H.A.R. Gibb, "The Arabic Sources for the Life of Saladin," Speculum, 25:58-72 (1950). C.W. Wilson's English translation of one of the most important Arabic works, The Life of Saladin (1897), was reprinted in 1971. The best biography to date is Stanley Lane-Poole, Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, new ed. (1926, reprinted 1964), although it does not take account of all the sources.1 commentsCleisthenes

1701b, Saladin, 1169-1193AYYUBID: Saladin, 1169-1193, AR dirham (2.93), al-Qahira, AH586, A-787.2, clear mint & date, double struck, some horn-silvering;VF-EF.

His name in Arabic is SALAH AD-DIN YUSUF IBN AYYUB ("Righteousness of the Faith, Joseph, Son of Job"). He was born in 1137/8 A.D. in Tikrit, Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq). In wars against the Christian crusaders, he achieved a significant success with the disciplined capture of Jerusalem (Oct. 2, 1187), ending its 88-year occupation by the Franks. Unlike the notorious conquest by the Christians, who slaughtered the inhabitants of the “Holy City,” Saladin’s reconquest of Jerusalem was marked by civilized and courteous behaviour. Saladin was generous to his vanquished foes—by any measure. When he died in 1193, this man who is arguably Islam’s greatest hero was virtually penniless. After a lifetime of giving alms to the poor, his friends found that the most powerful and most generous ruler in the Muslim world had not left enough money to pay for his own grave.Cleisthenes

1797 GEORGE III AE "CARTWHEEL" PENNYObverse: GEORGIUS III • D : G • REX. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of George III facing right.
Reverse: BRITANNIA 1797. Britannia seated facing left, holding olive branch and trident. Small ship in left background; mint-mark SOHO below shield.
Diameter: 36mm
SPINK: 3777

This portrait of George III was designed by Conrad Heinrich Kuchler (c.1740 - 1810), this is marked by a small "K." in the drapery at the base of the King's bust. Kuchler moved to Birmingham in 1795 and designed many of the coins and medals which were struck at Matthew Boulton's SOHO mint.

This was the year that the first copper penny was struck, it was also the first time that the figure of Britannia was portrayed seated amid the waves and holding a trident instead of a spear. The coin was struck by Matthew Boulton at the Soho Mint, Birmingham but, weighing a full one ounce (28.3g) and with a diameter of 36mm, it was rather heavy for the pocket and was soon discontinued. Many have survived though, battered and worn, having been used as weights for kitchen scales.*Alex

19. Gordian III.Tetradrachm, July 238 - Dec. 239 AD, Antioch.
Obverse: AYTOK K M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC CEB / Laureate bust of Gordian.
Reverse: ΔHMAPX EΞOVCIAC/ Eagle holding wreath in its beak, SC below.
14.43 gm, 25 mm.
Prieur # 282.

The left side of the reverse shows evidence of a die chip. Part of the edge of the die broke off and when this flan was struck, metal squeezed up through the resulting hole, making the flan a bit thicker at this point. Callimachus

1903 EDWARD VII AE FARTHINGObverse: EDWARDVS VII DEI GRA:BRITT:OMN:REX FID:DEF:IND:IMP: . Bare head of Edward VII facing right.
Reverse: FARTHING. Britannia seated facing right, right hand resting on shield, left hand holding trident; in exergue, 1903.
Diameter 20mm | Die Axis 12
SPINK: 3992

Edward VII's portrait was designed by George William De Saulles (1862 - 1903), this is marked by a small "De S" below the King's neck.
All Edward VII farthings were darkened artificially at the mint to avoid confusion with half sovereigns. An acid gas, sodium thiosulphate was used to react with the surface of the farthings after they had been struck, permanently altering their appearance chemically by turning them black. This coin still retains some of it's original black appearance.*Alex

194-195 AD - SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS AR denariusobv: L.SEPT.SEV.PERT.AVG.IMP.IIII (laureate head right)
rev: APOLLINI AGVSTO (sic!) (Apollo standing left, holding patera and lyre)
ref: RIC IVi 40 (S), C.42 (3frcs)
mint: Rome
2.30gms, 17mm
Scarce

The reverse legend is APOLLINI AGVSTO instead of APOLLINI AVGVSTO.
It was in memory of the veneration rendered by Augustus to Apollo, that this coin was struck, in which the name itself of Augustus is given to that deity, who is represented in the same costume and attitude. (Numiswiki)
See also my Antoninus Pius AE As (RIC III 824)
1 commentsberserker

307-337 AD - Constantine1 Iovi ConservatoriIMP C FL VAL CONSTANTINVS P F AVG - Laureate head right
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG - Jupiter standing left, with staff and chalmys on left arm, victory with wreath on a globe in right hand, eagle with wreath at right foot. ALE in exe, Wreath, S, N in right field

Alexandria mint; Ric-9
Obverse is double struck, but the reverse really stands out! Excellent example of how "busy" some of these coins look, not to mention it's a R-3jimwho523

42. William II.Penny, 1093-1096; London mint.
Obverse: +ǷILLELM REIX / Crowned bust, facing, between two stars.
Reverse: +ǷVLFPORD ON LV / Voided cross.
Moneyer: Wulfword.
1.38 gm., 21 mm. North #853; Seaby #1260.

The moneyer ǷVLFPORD (Wulfword) is found at three mints: London, Ipswich, and Stamford. On this coin the city is not well-struck, but enough can be made out to determine it is LV, which is London.1 commentsCallimachus

Alexander Jannaeus (Yehonatan) AE Prutah. H 1148. Alexander Jannaeus, 103-76 BC, bronze prutah of 13.9 mm, 1.82 grams.

Obverse: Lily with Hebrew inscription "Jonathan the King."

Reverse: Anchor with Greek inscription, "of King Alexander."

When it was issued, this coin was struck in massive numbers. However, during the subsequent rule of Hyrcanus II, the vast majority of them were overstruck, apparently while still in the mint, to create coin Hendin-478. Thus the original lily/anchor type is quite scarce relative to the other Hasmonean prutot.

Hendin-1148.

1 commentsSkySoldier

ALEXIUS Tetarteron DOC 39 S-1930Bust of Virgin nimbate, ORANS wearing tunic and maphorion.

Rev Bust of emperor wearing stemma, divitision and chlmys; holds in r. hand labarum on a long shaft and in l. gl cr. 20mm Thessalonica mint.

Wroth in BMC mentions Alexius tetartera in the collection as being overstruck on top of earlier issues, this is one of the few that I have seen that was overstruck, I beleive these coins were made when a shortage of the new denomination occured. This is the second coin in the collection that is thin and overstruck
Simon

Antiochos III, MegasAE 15, Syria, Antiochus III, ca. 222-187 B.C. Obv: Laur. head of Apollo facing right. Rev: Apollo standing holding bow and arrow, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΞΟΥ. Dark brown patina, reverse off struck, gF. Lindgren III, pl.58, 1010.

Molinari

Antiochos IV, EpiphanesAE 18, Syria, Antiochos IV Epiphanes, ca. 175-164 B.C., Antioch on the Orontes. Obv: Antiochos facing right. Rev: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΞΟΥ ΘΕΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ, around eagle facing right. Dark brown patina, obverse somewhat weakly struck, beautiful reverse, F. Hoover HGC 9, 655 (R1-R2).

Molinari

Antiochos VII, SidetesAE 18, 5.58g, Antiochos VII, Seleukid Empire, Syria, 138-129 BC, Obv: Winged Eros facing right, dotted border. Rev: Headress of Isis, anchor in field, reverse weakly struck, black patina, aEF, reverse weakly struck. SNGSpaer 1911/27 Molinari

Antoninus Pius Silver DenariusAntoninus Pius (Aug 138 - 7 Mar 161 CE), Silver Denarius, RIC III 249, RSC II 983, BMCRE IV 847, gVF, nice portrait, lightly toned, radiating flow lines, minor marks and scratches, obverse and reverse slightly off-centre, some legends off-flan or unstruck, small edge cracks, plain edge, weight 2.9g, composition Ag, diameter 17.0mm, thickness 3.24mm, die axis 180°, Rome mint, 156-8 CE; obverse [ANT]ONINVS [AV]G-[P]IVS [P] P IM[P] II, laureate head right; reverse [TR P]OT XIX-COS IIII, Annona, draped, standing half-left, holding two corn-ears downward in right hand, left rests on modius set on prow to right, against which rests rudder; from the Roger Belmar Collection; ex Baldwin's (2021); ex Roma Numismatics e-sale 73 (23 Jul 2020), lot 781, acquired from UK Collection; £125.00.Serendipity

Apollon | Minerva Quadriga, C. Vibius Pansa, AR Denarius, 89-88 BC.
Apollon | Minerva in Quadriga, C. Vibius Pansa, Silver Deanrius.

Obv: Laureate head of Apollo right, with heavy locks of hair falling elegantly behind and onto shoulders; PANSA behind.
Rev: Minerva in charging quadriga right, holding trophy and spear.

Exergue: C.VIBIVS.C.F.

Mint: Rome
Struck: 89-88 BC.

Size: 18.36 mm.
Weight: 3.7 grm.
Die axis: 140°

Condition: Quite fine. Very lovely, bright, clear and lustrous tone. Reverse slightly off-centered as seen in photo. Firmly struck, with good devices and excellent relief.

Refs:*
Sear, 242
Sydham, 684
Crawford, 342/5
Tiathena

Apollonia Pontica Topalov 18 var. - Silver Quarter Obol519/512 – 480/478 B.C.
0.16 gm, 6.5 mm
Obv.: Upright Anchor with wide flukes, A to right
Rev: Irregular pattern, perhaps counter-struck,
Topalov Apollonia p. 570, 18 var. (no A, rev. diff.);
HGC 3, 1326 var. (no A, rev., rev. diff.), hemiobol;
SNG Bulgaria (Ruse) II, 98 var. (no A, rev. diff.) (tetartemorion)

Topalov Type 18: Quarterobols (as per the system of Aegina) – “Upright Anchor – Swastika in concave sectors with additional schematic images of eight dolphins or fish” (519/512-480/478 B.C.)
Obv: Upright anchor with relatively big flukes and stock. A group of dots under the stock (probably one l. and one r.).
Rev.: Schematic image of swastika (with arms bent to the right) in a concave square. Two lines representing schematic images of two dolphins or two fish in every sectorJaimelai

Artuqids of Mardin AE Dirhem, Islamic Coins and Their Values (vol 1) Plate CoinPhoto Credit: Künker
Islamic. Anatolia. Artuqids (Mardin), Najm ad-Din Alpi (AH 547-572). AE Dirhem (10.95g, 30mm, 3h). Struck, AH 560-566 / 1164-1170 CE.
Obv: Two diademed and draped male heads facing slightly away from one another; Kalima above/below and titles left/right. Rev: Female head facing; pedigree in margins.
Ref: Whelan Type IV, 44-5; S&S Type 30.1; Album 1827.5; ICV 1203 (this coin illustrated).
Prov: Ex-Dix Noonan Webb (10 Mar 2021), Lot 793; Tim Wilkes FPL 23 (July 2017), No. 99; Künker 204 (12 Mar 2012), Lot 1088.
Published in Tim Wilkes' Islamic Coins and Their Values, Volume 1: The Mediaeval Period (2015, London: Spink), p. 117, #1203.3 commentsCurtis JJ

As (struck in Hispania or Gaul; possibly unofficial); Minerva; cf. RIC I 100Claudius, 25 January 41 - 13 October 54 A.D. Copper as, cf. RIC I 100, SRCV I 1861 and BMCRE I 149 (Rome mint), VF, green patina, western provincial mint, 9.744g, 29.3mm, 180o, 41 - 42 A.D.; obverse TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG P M TR P IMP, bare head left; reverse S C, Minerva advancing right brandishing javelin in right, shield in left; double-struck, old cut on obverse, possibly an unofficial imitative. Many Claudius sestertii and asses, such as this coin, were clearly not products of the Rome mint. They appear to have been struck in Hispania or Gaul. The coins may have been official or perhaps unofficial imitations. Ex FORVMPodiceps

Athens, Greece, Old Style Tetradrachm, 449 - 413 B.C.Silver tetradrachm, SNG Cop 31 ff., SGCV I 2526, VF, near full crest, Athens mint, 16.410g, 25.1mm, 90o. Obverse: head of Athena right, almond shaped eye, crested helmet with olive leaves and floral scroll, wire necklace, round earring, hair in parallel curves; Reverse: AQE right, owl standing right, head facing, erect in posture, olive sprig and crescent left, all within incuse square.

This coin is one of the most familiar of all the coins struck throughout the ancient Mediterranean. The images of Athena and her Owl, while not static, changed undramatically, in an unhurried and deliberate way. Although its production rests firmly during the time that numismatists call the Classical era (479 BC --336 BC), this coin's "style" better reflects the earlier Archaic period.

The Athenian "Owl" (until its debasement as a result of the Peloponnesian War) was the standard of its day. Between the late 5th century BC and the late 3rd century BC, these coins were the currency against which all other coins were measured. This high esteem was due to the Athenian tetradrachms' consistent weight and quality of silver.

"The little elf-like owl dear to ancient Athens had greenish-blue-gray eyes that could see clearly where humans could not. Glaukopis -- the "shining eyed one" was often shortened to glaux, a nickname for the tetradrachm that bore the owl's likeness" (http://notes.utk.edu/bio/unistudy.nsf/0/da0222e2e80272fd85256785001683e4?OpenDocument).

It is only with the emergence of the Imperial coinage of Alexander the Great (beginning quickly after his ascension to the throne in 336 BC) that the ancient world had another coin as widely accepted. As Martin J. Price notes, "“The impressive list of twenty-three mints on Asian soil and one in Egypt, all used to strike Alexander’s imperial coinage during his lifetime, shows that there was a conscious policy of providing this form of money on an empire-wide basis" (Price, Martin J. The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. Zurich: The Swiss Numismatic Society in Association with British Museum Press, 1991. 72).

More than two millennia after the Athenian Tetracrachm was first struck, the 26th President of The United States, Theodore Roosevelt (b. 1858; d. 1919), is said to have carried an Athenian "Owl" in his pocket--to remind him just how beautiful a coin could be.

J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
1 commentsCleisthenes

Augustus (Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus) (27 B.C. - 14 A.D.)RIC I (Augustus) 427

AE As (26-27 mm.), Rome mint, struck, 7 B.C.

Obv: CAESAR AVGVST PONT MAX TRIBVNIC POT, bare head right.

Rev: P LVRIVS AGRIPPA III VIR AAA FF, around large S C.

Note: P. Lurius Agrippa was a moneyer, and the reverse legend refers to the board of three moneyers (tres viri auro argento aere flando feriundo).

RIC rarity C

From an uncleaned coin lot.Stkp

Augustus (Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus) (27 B.C. – 14 A.D.)RIC I (Augustus) 379

AE As (28 mm.), Rome mint, struck, 16 B.C.

Obv: CAESAR AVGVSTVS TRINVNIC POTEST, bare head right.

Rev: C GALLIVS LVPERCVS III VIR AAA FF, around large S C.

Note: C. Gallius Lupercus was a moneyer, and the reverse legend refers to the board of three moneyers (tres viri auro argento aere flando feriundo).

RIC rarity C

From an uncleaned coin lot.1 commentsStkp

B. Brockage: Thorius Denarius, 105 BCE, ex Alba Longa Coll.Roman Republic. L. Thorius Balbus AR Denarius (19 mm, 3.87 g, 12 h), 105 BCE.
Obv: I•S•M•R Head of Juno Sospita to right, wearing goat-skin headdress. Rev: Incuse of obverse.
Refs: Cf. Babelon (Thoria) 1, Crawford 316/1, RBW 1168 and Sydenham 598.
Prov: Ex- ANE-Calicó (15 Dec 1981), Lot 508 [Schaefer Binder #22, p. 2]; Aureo 89 (4 Mar 1998), Lot 1345 [Schaefer Binder #22, p. 2]; Colleción Alba Longa (J. F. Molina), vol. II, Aureo y Calicó 339 (14 Nov 2019), Lot 1398. Images of this coin included twice in ANS RRDP "Schaefer Binder" No. 22, p. 2 (first two sales above): [LINK].

Notes: An obverse brockage occurs when a coin becomes stuck in the reverse die (traditionally the upper/"hammer" side). As the next coin(s) are struck, an incuse impression of the "stuck" coin is left in place of a reverse. Obverse brockages are more common than reverse brockages; the reason is presumably that a coin stuck in the lower/"anvil" side, where the reverse die is held, would be more obvious and more likely to be removed. During the Roman Republican period it appears that brockages were tolerated and circulated normally.
(See also Nupetlian [NC, 2008] on ancient "Brockage Coins": https://www.jstor.org/stable/45176685.)1 commentsCurtis JJ

B. Partial Brockage: Gallienus AE Antoninianus, c. 267-268 CERoman Imperial. Gallienus AE Antoninianus (3.49g, 20-22mm, 6h), Antioch, c. 267-268 CE.
Obv: GALLIENVS AVG. Radiate, cuirassed bust right. (Partial incuse of rev. visible: "S" and head and shield of Virtus.) Rev: VIRTVS AVG. Mars standing forward, head to right, holding spear & shield in his left. Ref: RIC 669 or similar.

Notes: A “partial (reverse) brockage” such as this one occurs when a previously struck coin overlaps with another during striking. When this coin was struck, a previously struck coin was resting partially over the obverse die. The strike was “strongest” (the details most fully transferred from the reverse die) the area where the obstructing coin rested (i.e., toward 12h obv/6h rev), since its presence allowed for more force to be imparted. The far side of the flan received much less direct force from the dies, resulting in flatness (i.e., toward 6h obv/12h rev).Curtis JJ

BCC J70 Alexander Jannaeus LeptonJudaean-Hasmonean
Alexander Jannaeus 103-76 BCE
AE Lepton
Obv:[ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔ] Mis-struck,
with traces of barbaric inscription around
[inverted anchor] within circle.
Rev: Crude design consisting of lines
and pellets around a central dot, imi-
tating the star of eight rays seen on
normal size coins of Jannaeus.
11 x 13mm. 0.76gm. Axis:?
cf. BCC J8; Hendin III, 472
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1970's
J. Berlin Caesarea Collection

Hendin reports that, "This coin is found in
innumerable varieties, some of which seem
to carry crude linear designs instead of stars
on the reverse", and "barbaric or incomplete
inscriptions" on the obverse.v-drome

BCC LSR17 Rectangular Lead Seal -MM-?Rectangular Lead Seal
Roman 1st-3rd Century CE
Obv: ?MM? Rev: M?M
Mis-strikes and multiple strikes make
this one very difficult to read. The flan
could also have been flipped between
strikes. Possibly AMM-? on one side,
though the "A"could just be a remnant
of the first "M". The underside, also
mis-struck, may read M?M. The shapes
of the letters seem very similar in many
respects to the inscription on LSR16, but
I am unable to determine whether they
may be from the same dies.
2.1 x 0.62 x 0.45cm 3.63gm. Axis:0?
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1971
J. Berlin Caesarea Collectionv-drome

BCC LSR20 Rectangular Lead Seal GOPRectangular Lead Seal
Roman 1st-3rd Century CE
Obv: GOP Rev: GOP
The reverse is mis-struck and over-
struck, with a lateral offset and remnants
of the letters P, G, and O from left to right.
The noticable curve in this seal is very possibly
the result of damage made subsequent to the
strike, rather than the product of a curved die.
1.9 x 0.75 x 0.45cm 3.93gm. Axis:0
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1970
J. Berlin Caesarea Collection
(click for larger pic)1 commentsv-drome

BCC M123 Hadrian? Hemhem MinimaCaesarea Minima
Hadrian? 117-138CE
Caesarea or Alexandria Mint
AE Chalkon
Obv: Mis-struck, possible brockage.
Rev: Hemhem crown of Harpocrates.
Traces of date, blundered, below.
12.0mm. 0.76gm. Axis:?
cf. Hamburger #102; Imitation?
of BMC Alexandria 902
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1977
J. Berlin Caesarea Collectionv-drome

Bird and TOD - Denarius, Crawford 141/1Denomination: Denarius
Era: c. 189-180 BC
Metal: AR
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma r. with peaked visor; “X” behind; Border of dots
Reverse: Luna in a biga looking up at a crescent moon. Horses rearing, Bird and TOD below ; Legend ROMA in short frame.
Mint: Rome
Weight: 3.72 gm.
Reference: Crawford 141/1
Provenance: From the RBW collection, CNG Electronic sale 364, 2-DEC-2016, lot 103; Ex Peus 322, 1-NOV-88, lot 56.

Comments:
Bird and TOD monogram. Well centered, lovely surfaces and toning. Luna’s head and the crescent moon are weakly struck, otherwise GVF.

Bohemia. Wladislaus II (1471-1516)Bohemia. Wladislaus II (1471-1516)

Castelin __, Fiala/Donebauer 947, cf. Saurma 407/182

AR pragergroschen, 32 mm., Kutná Hora mint.

Obv: + DEI x/x GRATIA + REX x/x BOEmIE / + WLADISLAUS SECVnDVS, crown in center.

Rev: + * GROSSI * PRAGENSIS, crown double-tailed lion facing left.

The groschen of Prague (pragergroschen) were first minted in July 1300 during the reign of Wenceslas II (1278-1305), following the discovery of exceptionally rich silver deposits at Kutná Hora in 1298. It was struck, with the design essentials unchanged for roughly 250 years. The pragergroschen played the same role in central Europe that was played by the denier tournois further west. Its preeminence in Germany postponed the appearance of native groschen over much of the region for over 150 years.

The coinage was debased under Wencelsas IV (1378-1419), and none were minted during the reigns of Sigismund (1420-37), Albert (1437-39) and Ladislas Postumus (1453-57). When minting was revived toward the end of the reign of George PodÄ•brad (1458-71), they were struck to a much lower standard, having a fineness of only 10 lot (625/1000) and a silver content of 1.69 gr., which was barely half that of the original pragergoschen of Wenceslas II. It was then reckoned 24 instead of 12 to the ducat, and fell further when it was debased (to a weight of around 1.25 gr.) toward the end of the reign of Wladislaus II. Stkp

Byzantine Anonymous Follis: Class A1 - Imitative [001]6.88 grams
26.3 mm
Imitative anonymous follis imitating the official Class A type under John I. Possibly of Balkan, or Asia Minor origin. Struck ca. 970 – 980 AD. Double struck, with crude, retrograde, and/or blundered legends on both obverse and reverse.

See Lampinen Imitative p. 154 for a similar imitative pieces where he writes, "The second phase of Balkan coinage production goes into high gear with the introduction of the anonymous follis series during the reign of John I (969 - 976). The explicit Christian imagery must have struck a chord with the recently converted Balkan masses because the official mint issues were accompanied by a fair quantity of copies, to meet the excess demand. These Christian issues would also be the prototypes for the initial coinage of several medieval Christian states, such as the first Crusader issues of Edessa and Antioch, medieval Armenia and distant Georgia in the Caucasus."
(photo and comments courtesy FORVM Ancient Coins)
cmcdon0923

Byzantine Anonymous Follis: Class A1 - Imitative [002]6.03 grams
24.8 mm
Imitative anonymous follis imitating the official Class A type under John I. Possibly of Balkan, or Asia Minor origin. Struck ca. 970 – 980 AD. Double struck, with crude, retrograde, and/or blundered legends on both obverse and reverse.

See Lampinen Imitative p. 154 for a similar imitative pieces where he writes, "The second phase of Balkan coinage production goes into high gear with the introduction of the anonymous follis series during the reign of John I (969 - 976). The explicit Christian imagery must have struck a chord with the recently converted Balkan masses because the official mint issues were accompanied by a fair quantity of copies, to meet the excess demand. These Christian issues would also be the prototypes for the initial coinage of several medieval Christian states, such as the first Crusader issues of Edessa and Antioch, medieval Armenia and distant Georgia in the Caucasus."
(photo and comments courtesy FORVM Ancient Coins)cmcdon0923

Byzantine Anonymous Follis: Class A3 [010]6.57 grams
24.9 mm
Attributed to Basil II & Constantine VII (976-1025)
DOC: poss. 22 or 29 (ornamentation on Bible indistinct)
Overstruck, but undertype uncertaincmcdon0923

Byzantine Anonymous Follis: Class B [004]10.95 grams
30.93 mm
Attributed to ROMANUS III ARGYRUS (1028-1034)
SEAR 1823
overstruck, undertype visible on both sidescmcdon0923

Byzantine Empire: Andronicus II Palaeologus with Michael IX (1282-1328) Æ Trachy, Constantinople? (Sear-2416 var; DOC 599-600 var; LPC 16-17 var; PCPC 148-149 var))Obv: Facing bust of the Virgin, orans, with bust of Infant Christ on breast; cross of pellets to either side
Rev: Andronicus and Michael standing facing, holding long cross(?) between them.

This issue is possibly unrecorded with the crosses of four pellets on the obverse. Also, the top of the object the emperors hold is flatly struck, and it is unclear if it is a long cross or labarum. Quant.Geek

BYZANTINE, Latin Rule Half Tetarteron S-2059 OBV Figure of St. Helen Nimbate, turned slightly to the r. wearing stemma, divitision, collar-piece, and jeweled loros of simplified type; holds patriarchal cross on long shaft in l. hand

REV Full-length figure of St. Constantine turned slightly to the l. wearing stemma, divitision, collar-piece, and jeweled loros of a simplified type; holds patriarchal cross on a long shaft in r. hand and in l. , anexikakia.

20mm 2.28gm

Almost as Struck,
Simon

Calabria, Taras, 425-415 BC, Oecist Nomos7.99g. Fischer-Bossert-279 (V127/R212), Vlasto-255.
Obv: Phalantos naked and ithyphallic riding dolphin left; extending right hand and holding cuttlefish in left hand.
Rx: Oecist naked to waist, seated left on stool and balancing distaff on right hand, a lekythos on his left wrist.
Ex Gemini XII, 11 January 2015, lot 13. Ex NAC 10, 9 April 1997, lot 17. Ex M&M Basel 10, 1951, lot 161. With interesting and unusual types: Phalantos holds cuttlefish on obverse, while on reverse Taras(or Oecist?) is shown seated rather than on horseback. Nicely centered and well struck, except for Phalantos' head on obverse; rare; beautifully toned. EF

The distaff is a very common symbol on Tarentine coins. It may be an allusion to the very important wool industry and the wool-trade Tarentum was famous for.Leo

CALABRIA, Taras. Circa 325/0-315 BC. AR Nomos22mm, 7.16 g, 6h.
Warrior, wearing shield adorned with hippocamp and holding two javelins, on horse prancing left; to left, Nike standing facing, head right, restraining horse; below, M above leg, KAΛ below.
Phalanthos, preparing to throw javelin and holding two others, cloak draped over his arm and billowing behind, riding dolphin right; KAΛ and waves below.
Fischer-Bossert Group 63, 793g (V310/R615) = Vlasto 534 (this coin; cast of coin damaged in photo); HN Italy 893.
Old cabinet tone, flatly struck, numerous scratches, test cut and marks on edge. Near VF.

From the Mesogeios Collection. Ex Edgar L. Owen inventory 5481 (ND); Michel Pandely Vlasto Collection; Carlo Strozzi Collection (not in Sangiorgi sale).1 commentsLeo

CALABRIA, Taras. Circa 332-302 BC. AR NomosAR. 7.91 g. 21.50 mm.
Sa- and Kon- magistrates.
Obv. Nude youth on horseback riding right, crowning himself; below, ΣA above Ionic capital.
Rev. Phalanthos riding dolphin left, holding whip and serpent; TAPAΣ downwards behind, KOM below. HN Italy 942; Vlasto 655.
Sharply struck, from masterfully engraved dies, and perfectly centred on a broad flan. Superb light iridescent tone. EF.Leo

Caracalla | Fides * Rome * AR Denarius - 198-217 AD.
Caracalla | Fides * Silver Denarius

Obv: Laureate bust right. ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM
Rev: Fides Militum facing, head left, standing between and holding two standards either side in left and right hands. PM TR P XVIII COS IIII PP

Exergue: Clear

Mint: Rome
Struck: 198-217

Size: 20.40 mm.
Weight: 2.83 grm.
Die axis: 0°

Condition: Excellent. Clean, clear, well centered and struck, superb images and good legends. Lustrous silver with some light toning on the obverse.

Refs:*
Sear, 1937
Van Meter, 63/11

Status: TCJH, Private Collection.
3 commentsTiathena

CHINA - Emperor De ZongCHINA - Emperor De Zong, Guang Xu Reign (1875-1908) 1 Cash, machine struck, 1889-1890. Guangdong, Guangzhou Province. The non-traditional reverse did not please the Imperial Court, so this issue was short-lived. Hartil #22.1334.dpaul7

CHINA - Emperor Zai Tian - Kiangsu/Chekiang ProvinceCHINA - Emperor Zai Tian - Guang Xu Reign (1875-1908) AE 10 Cash, 1905 - Kiangsu/Chekiang Province; Tsing-Kiang Series. Reference: Y-78.2, plain edge. Parts of this and other dragn machine-made coins appear worn; they were actually weakly struck, as the mint personnel did not fully understand the new machienry they were using. dpaul7

CILICIA. Nagidos AR StaterCirca 380 BC. 18.5mm, 10.58g, 6h. Obverse: wreathed head of Dionysos right. Reverse: head of Aphrodite right, hair bound in sphendone. Cassabone type 7; Lederer 14; SBG BN-; SNG Levante 2. Toned, doubly struck, test cut on obverse, test punch on reverse. Good VF.

Ex CNG e-Auction 480, Lot 263

A far-from-perfect specimen because of the mutilations it suffered from the hands of ancient traders and merchants who wanted to make sure that this coin is made of silver (this coin is solid silver). Counterfeit coins abound even during the early days of coinage. The cuts endured by this particular coin does not detract from the fact that the obverse image of the god of wine Dionysos was carved by a master celator and undoubtedly represented one of the best in numismatic art in the milieu of classical Greek artistic tradition. There still remains a sense of beauty emanating from this mutilated coin, like an ancient sculpture that is missing a head, an arm or a leg. Imperfections sometimes make an object seem to be more intriguing, exciting and beautiful.1 commentsJason T

Claudius As (LIBERTAS AVGVSTA, RIC I 113) v.2CLAUDIUS, AD 41-54
AE As (29.19mm, 10.34g, 6h)
Struck AD 50-54. Rome mint
Obverse: TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG P M TR P IMP P P, bare head of Claudius left
Reverse: LIBERTAS AVGVSTA S C, Libertas standing facing, head right, holding pileus in right hand and extending left
RIC I 113, RCV 1860

Smooth dark brown patina. Well-centered and struck, with an excellent portrait in fine style. Detailed reverse.
Ex Galata Coins, Feb. 1979CPK

ConstansConstans (342-348 CE)
Diademed head of emperor, right/Two victories standing facing each other, holding wreaths and palm branches. Plant in between. Double Struck. Legend: Victoriae Dominorum Augustorum Que Nostrorum
Thessalonica Mint
AE 4.
RIC 101, Double-struck. Belisarius

Constans II and Constantine IV, joint reign; overstruck follis, Constantinople; Sear 1010Constans II and Constantine IV, joint reign 13 Apr 654 - 15 Jul 668 A.D. Bronze follis, DOC II, part 2, 79; SBCV 1010, gF, overstruck, Constantinople mint, 6.930g, 23.7mm, 180o, obverse Constans (left) and Constantine IV standing facing; both wear crown with cross, Constans cuirassed holds long cross left hand on hip, Constantine draped holds globus cruciger, cross between their heads; reverse, large M, A/N/N/O left, X/U (year 15) right, obscure officina number below, CON in ex. This type normally has a star or K above the M. The symbol here appears to be “Q” but this is likely an undertype effect. Ex FORVMPodiceps

Constans II, follis, overstruck, Syracuse mint, SBCV 1104Constans II, September 641 - 15 July 668 A.D. Bronze follis, DOC II, part 2, 176; SBCV 1104, VF, overstruck, Syracuse mint, 4.775g, 24.4mm, 180o, 641 - 647 A.D.; obverse bust of Constans, beardless, facing, wearing crown and chlamys, globus cruciger in right, traces of undertype (legend and globus cruciger) above; reverse , large M, monogram above. Ex FORVMPodiceps

Constantine IIBillon reduced centenionalis, RIC VII Arles 376 (R3), LRBC I 380, SRCV 17679, Cohen VIII 105, EF, well centered and struck, 2.321g, 17.4mm, 0o, 1st officina, Constantia-Arelatum (Arles, France) mint, as caesar, 333 - 334 A.D.; obverse CONSTANTINVS IVN N C, laureate and cuirassed bust right; reverse GLORIA EXERCITVS (glory of the army), two soldiers standing facing, heads turned inward confronted, two standards in center between them, each holds a spear in outer hand and rests inner hand on grounded shield, wreath with pellet inside above center, PCONST in exergue; very rareGreg B2

Constantine II BrockageThe previous coin was stuck in the reverse die when this coin was struck, hence leaving this strange reverse-incuse image of the obverse, rather than a normal reverse.

2 commentsTanit

Cr 56/4 cf. Æ Triens post-211 b.c.e. Sardinia?
o: Helmeted head of Minerva r.; above, four pellets
r: ROMA Prow r.; below, four pellets
20.8 mm, 4.20 gm
An interesting coin. Attributed by dealer as McCabe group H1, which are low-weight overstrikes on Punic/Sicilian coins. The obverse shows some sign of overstriking above the head, in the jumbled pellets, and through the ear and neck; the reverse seems very cleanly struck, to me.PMah

Cr 56/5 AE Quadrans Anonymous c. 211 BCE (20.4 mm, 6.04 grams)
o: Helmeted head of Hercules right, 3 dots behind
r: ROMA - Prow to right, 3 dots behind
Crawford 56/5.
Overstruck, possibly Hieron II of Sicily with Zeus/Trident
Ex. RBW1 commentsPMah

Cr 250/2 Æ Quadrans M. Aburi M.f. Gemc. 132 b.c.e. 19 mm, 6.70 gm.
o: Head of Hercules r., wearing lion’s skin; behind, three pellets and below neck truncation, club
r: M·ABVRI MF / GEM Prow r.; before, three pellets and below, ROMA.
Aburia 7
E.E. Clain-Stefanelli collection (which was very, very large)
Nicely struck, despite wear. Nice dark brown patina.
More to follow on this type.PMah

Crawford 042/2, ROMAN REPUBLIC, Overstruck "Anonymous" Corn Ear AE QuadransRome, The Republic.
Corn Ear Series (No Corn Ear), 214-212 BCE.
AE Quadrans (16.76g; 29mm).

Obv: Head of Hercules right in boarskin; three pellets (mark of value = 3 unciae) behind.

Rev: Bull leaping over snake; three pellets (mark of value) above; ROMA below.

Reference: Crawford 42/2var (no corn ear): See Russo, Essays Hersh (1998) p. 141.

Provenance: ex Agora Auction 70 (21 Nov 2017) Lot 194; ex RBW Collection duplicate (not in prior sales); ex P. Vecchi Auction 6 (14 Sep 1981) Lot 245.

In "Roman Republican Coinage", Michael Crawford recognized many silver “symbol” Republican series for which there were parallel “anonymous” types omitting the symbols. This coin is an anonymous version (missing symbol) of the Corn Ear Quadrans of the Crawford 42 series, produced in Sicily. It is identical in style to the Sicilian Corn Ear coins and only misses the symbol. Roberto Russo wrote about these anonymous coins in his article “Unpublished Roman Republican Bronze Coins” (Essays Hersh, 1998), where he notes that the parallel issue of anonymous silver coins to series with symbols applies equally to the bronze coins. Andrew McCabe takes this approach much further in his article “The Anonymous Struck Bronze Coinage of the Roman Republic” (Essays Russo, 2013) in which he links many of the anonymous Republican bronzes to symbol series based on precise style considerations. The takeaway from all this is that for many of the Roman Republican symbol series of the late Second Punic War and early 2nd Century BCE, there are parallel anonymous series identifiable by style. The rationale for these parallel issues is unclear, though possibly related to (a) governmental approvals for the issue or (b) mint control of the precious metal source from which the issue was struck or (c) workshop identification.

This particular example is overstruck, showing particular evidence of the under-type on the reverse. Based on that evidence and weight of the coin, I’ve concluded the under-type a Hieron II AE Obol imitative of Ptolemy II. The edge of the reverse shows the hairline of Zeus as depicted on this Hieron II issue.
1 commentsCarausius

Crawford 097/22a, ROMAN REPUBLIC, L Series, AE AsRome, The Republic.
L Series. 211-208 BCE.
AE As (27.67g; 37mm).
Luceria Mint.

Obverse: Janus head; --- (mark of values) above; L below.

Reverse: Prow to right; ROMA below; I (mark of value) above.

References: Crawford 97/22a; RBW 417-419.

Provenance: Ex Ambrose Collection [Roma X (9 Sept 2015), Lot 659]; Bombarda Collection [Tkalec AG (8 Sept 2008), Lot 236].

Possibly over-struck, though the under-type is not attributable.

1 commentsCarausius

Crawford 511/3, ROMAN IMPERATORIAL, Sextus Pompey, AR DenariusRome, The Imperators.
Sextus Pompey, Summer 42-40 BCE.
AR Denarius (3.82g; 20mm).
Sicilian Mint (Catana?).

Obverse: MAG·PIVS·IMP·ITER; bare head of Pompey the Great, facing right, flanked by jug and lituus.

Reverse: PRAEF/CLAS·ET·ORAE/MARIT·EX·S·C; Neptune standing left with foot on prow and holding aplustre, between the Catanaean brothers, each carrying a parent on their shoulders.

References: Crawford 511/3a; HCRI 334; Sydenham 1344 (R4); BMCRR (Sicily) 7; Pompeia 27.

Provenance: Ex Phil Peck ("Morris") Collection [Heritage 61151(26 Jan 2020) Lot 97155]; Professor Angelo Signorelli Collection [P&P Santamaria (4 Jun 1952) Lot 732].

Sextus Pompey was younger son of Pompey the Great. After Caesar's assassination, in 43 BCE, Sextus was honored by the Senate with the title "Commander of the Fleet and Sea Coasts" (Praefectus Classis et Orae Maritimae), which title is abbreviated on the reverse of this coin. Near the same time, Cicero recommended him for augurship; however, Sextus would not actually received augurship until after the Pact of Misenum in 39 BCE. Instead, shortly following the Senate’s designation of Sextus as Commander, the Second Triumvirate was formed and they placed Sextus' name on their proscription list. Sextus soon occupied Sicily with his fleet where he provided haven to other Romans proscribed by the Triumvirs. He retained control of Sicily from 42 to 36 BCE. In 42 BCE, Octavian sent Salvidienus Rufus to dislodge Sextus, but Rufus was defeated. It was likely between this defeat of Rufus and the Pact of Misenum with the Triumvirs (39 BCE) that Sextus struck much of his coinage, including this type.

Piety, or devotion, was an important character trait to the Romans on multiple levels including devotion to parents and family; devotion to the state; and devotion to the gods. The surname “Pius” was adopted by Sextus in recognition of his dutiful continuation of the struggle of his father in support of the Republic, and this notion of piety is strongly depicted on Sextus’ coinage. The obverse of this coin shows Pompey the Great, reflecting Sextus’ devotion to his father’s memory. Pompey’s head is flanked by symbols of the augurate, perhaps alluding to both Sextus’ claim to the augurate following Cicero’s recommendation and Sextus’ devotion to the gods. The rough seas around Sicily were beneficial to Sextus and particularly rough on his enemies, thus Neptune is prominently displayed at the center of the reverse. The reverse also depicts the Catanean brothers of Sicilian myth, Amphinomus and Anapias, helping their elderly parents escape the deadly lava flow of Mount Etna. Representing devoted children, the Catanean brothers may be allegorical references to Sextus’ surname “Pius”, or an indication of the Sicilian city (Catana) in which this issue may have been struck, or both.

This is a particularly complete example of this difficult type which frequently comes off-struck or on small flans.

8 commentsCarausius

Denarius; PONTIF TR P X COS II, Mars standing; RIC IV 89Caracalla, 28 January 198 - 8 April 217 A.D. Silver denarius, RIC IV 89, RSC III 432, cf. SRCV II 6859 (TR P VIII), VF, reverse weakly struck, Rome mint, 2.828g, 19.6mm, 0o, 207 A.D.; obverse ANTONINVS PIVS AVG, laureate bust right; reverse PONTIF TR P X COS II, Mars standing right, wearing military dress, helmeted, resting right on grounded shield, reversed spear in left; scarce. Ex FORVM, photo credit FORVMPodiceps

DiadumenianDiadumenian, as Caesar. 218 AD. AR Denarius 3.04 g. 2nd emission, July AD 217-March 218

O: M OPEL ANT DIADVMENIAN CAES, bare-headed and draped bust right
R: PRINC IVVENTVTIS, Diadumenian standing half-left, head right, holding standard and sceptre; two standards behind.
RIC IV 102 (Macrinus); BMCRE 87 (Macrinus); RSC 3.

Marcus Opellius Diadumenianus was born in 208. According to Aelius Lampridius, quoted below, the boy was so named because he was born with a diadem formed by a rolled caul.

“Now let us proceed to the omens predicting his imperial power — which are marvellous enough in the case of others, but in his case beyond the usual wont. 4 On the day of his birth, his father, who then chanced to be steward of the greater treasury, was inspecting the purple robes, and those which he approved as being brighter in hue he ordered to be carried into a certain chamber, in which two hours later Diadumenianus was born. 2 Furthermore, whereas it usually happens that children at birth are provided by nature with a caul, which the midwives seize and sell to credulous lawyers (for it is said that this bring luck to those who plead), 3 this child, instead of a caul, had a narrow band like a diadem, so strong that it could not be broken, for the fibres were entwined in the manner of a bow-string. 4 The child, they say, was accordingly called Diadematus, but when he grew older, he was called Diadumenianus from the name of his mother's father, though the name differed little from his former appellation Diadematus.”

His father Macrinus was hailed as Augustus in 217. Diadumenian, in turn, received the titles of Caesar and Prince of the Youth. He was also given the name Antoninus after the assassinated emperor Caracalla.

These titles are seen on this example as ANT and PRINC IVVENTVTIS.

When the armies of Elagabalus revolted at Emesa on May 16, 218, Macrinus traveled to the praetorian fortress at Apamaea to shore up (buy) support and to raise Diadumenian to the rank of Augustus. Still, Macrinus’ armies were defeated outside Antioch in less than a month.

10 year old Diadumenian was captured while fleeing to Zeugma and executed shortly thereafter. He reigned as Caesar for 13 months and as Augustus for less than one.

Although the Senate never confirmed Diadumenian’s title as Augustus, there is extremely rare silver (one or two pieces?) with Diadumenian as emperor. It is believed that a large issue was struck, only to be immediately recalled and melted down when the news of Macrinus’ defeat reached Rome.5 commentsNemonater

DIADUMENIANDIADUMENIAN (Caesar, 217-218). Denarius. 2.53 g. 20mm, Rome mint.
O: M OPEL DIADVMENIAN CAES, Bareheaded, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: PRINC IVVENTVTIS, Diadumenian standing left, holding baton; two signa to right.
-RIC 107.

1st emission of Macrinus, AD 217, only three examples in the Reka Devnia hoard.

Diadumenian's three main types as Caesar exactly correspond to Macrinus' three issues, which for their part can be approximately dated on the basis of the titles they bear and their volumes of issue as revealed by the Reka Devnia hoard. So Diadumenian's dates derive from those estimated for Macrinus.

Marcus Opellius Diadumenianus was born in 208. According to Aelius Lampridius, quoted below, the boy was so named because he was born with a diadem formed by a rolled caul.

“Now let us proceed to the omens predicting his imperial power — which are marvellous enough in the case of others, but in his case beyond the usual wont. 4 On the day of his birth, his father, who then chanced to be steward of the greater treasury, was inspecting the purple robes, and those which he approved as being brighter in hue he ordered to be carried into a certain chamber, in which two hours later Diadumenianus was born. 2 Furthermore, whereas it usually happens that children at birth are provided by nature with a caul, which the midwives seize and sell to credulous lawyers (for it is said that this bring luck to those who plead), 3 this child, instead of a caul, had a narrow band like a diadem, so strong that it could not be broken, for the fibres were entwined in the manner of a bow-string. 4 The child, they say, was accordingly called Diadematus, but when he grew older, he was called Diadumenianus from the name of his mother's father, though the name differed little from his former appellation Diadematus.”

His father Macrinus was hailed as Augustus on April 8, 217. Dio Cassius tells us that Diadumenian was named Caesar and Prince of the Youth by the Senate in May 217 as soon as news of Macrinus' accession reached Rome. A little later, Dio continues, news arrived that Diadumenian had independently been proclaimed Caesar by the soldiers at Zeugma, as he was on his way from Antioch to join Macrinus in Mesopotamia, and that he had also assumed Caracalla's name Antoninus. Hence this first short issue of coins in Rome is with the titles Caesar and Prince of the Youth, but still without Antoninus.

When the armies of Elagabalus revolted at Emesa on May 16, 218, Macrinus traveled to the praetorian fortress at Apamaea to shore up (buy) support and to raise Diadumenian to the rank of Augustus. Still, Macrinus’ armies were defeated outside Antioch in less than a month.

10 year old Diadumenian was captured while fleeing to Zeugma and executed shortly thereafter. He reigned as Caesar for 13 months and as Augustus for less than one.

Although the Senate never confirmed Diadumenian’s title as Augustus, there is extremely rare silver (one or two pieces?) with Diadumenian as emperor. It is believed that a large issue was struck, only to be immediately recalled and melted down when the news of Macrinus’ defeat reached Rome.
5 commentsNemonater

Domitian, Cast Limes DenariusDomitian 81-96 A.D. AE Cast Limes Denarius. Uncertain Mint (2.54g, 20.5m, 6h). Obv: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P V, laureate head right. Rev: IMP VIII COS XI CENS P P P, Minerva standing right on capital of rostral column, with spear and shield; to right owl. (M2). Copies RIC 343. Ex Warren Esty.

There is a large degree of uncertainty about so called, limes denarii, found primarily on the frontiers of the empire. They might have been official products made in areas where silver was in short supply, or, they could be unofficial productions, and/or barbarous imitations. Whatever their role, I find them fascination. While many were struck, some, like this example, were actually cast. Some have evidence of a silver wash, but this specimen does not. Limes denarii remain an enigma, and that was a large part of the appeal of this coin for me. 1 commentsLucas H

ElagabalusBronze as, McAlee 784(a) (rare, same dies); BMC Galatia p. 203, 432; Waage 591 var. (wreath closed with star); cf. SNG Cop 247 (legend uncertain), SNG Munchen -, Choice VF, highlighting red earthen fill "desert" patina, well centered, nice youth portrait with Elagabalus' distinctive cheeks, well centered and struck, 4.833g, 19.9mm, 180o, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, obverse AVT KAI MAP AVP ANTWNEINOC (clockwise from 12:00), laureate head left; reverse large S â€¢ C, D E above, eagle wings open and head right below, all in laurel wreath closed at the top with a garland; rareGreg B2

Emperor Gordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D. Silver denarius, RIC IV 115, RSC IV 243, Hunter III 33, SRCV III 8680, Choice aMS, about as struck, light rose tone on luster, full circles centering, nice portrait, sharp reverse detail, radiating flow lines, Rome mint, weight 2.861g, maximum diameter 20.6mm, die axis 180o, 241 A.D.; obverse IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, from behind; reverse P M TR P III COS II P P (high priest, holder of Tribunitian power for 3 years, consul 2 times, father of the country), Gordian standing right, wearing military garb, transverse spear in right hand, globe in left; from the Jyrki Muona Collection (purchased from Alan Walker at NYINC early 2000's.

Gordian looks rather smug on the obverse and stands proud with the world in his hands on the reverse.

FORVM Ancient Coins./ The Sam Mansourati Collection.

*Superb 2 commentsSam

Emperor on Horseback over Captive: Constantine I's London ADVENTVS, Cloke & Toone plate coinPhoto Source: CNG (edited).
Roman Imperial. Constantine I AE Follis (22mm, 3.66 g, 6h), Adventus type, Londinium (London), c. 311-2 CE.
Obv: CONSTANTINVS PF AVG. Laureate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, holding spear forward in right hand, shield on left arm.
Rev: ADVENTVS AVG / * / PLN. Constantine riding left, right hand raised, holding spear in left hand, on horse pawing seated captive to left.
Ref: Cloke & Toone LMCC 7.01.007 (this coin cited and illustrated); Stepniewski “Not in RIC” CV6, p. 134, Lond. 136 (this coin illustrated); RIC VI 136; cf. Huvelin 16 (ADVENTVS AVG N).
Prov: Paul DiMarzio Collection (CNG 525 [19 Oct 2022], 1389); Ex Hookmoor FPL 1 (Feb 2016), 12; published as “CT Collections” [Clarke-Toone], w/ L. Toone's collector tag; acq. Clive Eyre, Oct 2010. (With uncertain collector or dealer tag, "19"?)

Notes: As I understand it, when this coin was struck, it had only been a year or two since Constantine had prevailed over Maximian's (final!) rebellion. But he had spent years campaigning against Franks, Alamanni, and others in the West, and had spent his early military career campaigning in the East. Since triumph over fellow Romans wasn't to be celebrated, I presume the captive should either be interpreted as one of his prior foes in the West (most recently Germanic) or East, or perhaps a promise to be the sort of Emperor who defeats Rome's enemies and brings home captives/slaves. Then again, the average Roman (or Roman soldier) might've seen this coin & thought "there's Constantine trampling Maximian's people!"
I'm curious, though, so I'm very open to ideas about this....Curtis JJ

Fallen horseman type0.89 grams,
The reverse is mirrored, my guess is the engraver just copied the official coin in the die and when struck, the coin came out like this.
ex Alexander Fishman

Fallen horseman typeFallen horseman type
0.89 grams,
The reverse is mirrored, my guess is the engraver just copied the official coin in the die and when struck, the coin came out like this.
ex Alexander FishmanJayAg47

FRANCE - HENRI IVRoyal France, Henri IV, 1602 (reigned, 1589-1610), AR 1/4 Ecu (27x28mm), F+/VF, similar to Ciani 1517 and Roberts 3263. Obv. + HENRICVS IIII D G FRANC E NAVA REX 1602 (with beginning corss of globe), flowered cross. Rev. + SIT NOMEN DOMINI BENEDICTVM, crowned coat of arms with three fleurs de lis, between II and II. The images are well struck, with some weakness, and a little bit of double striking on the reverse. Henri IV was a protestant during the French Wars of Religion, but became Catholic when he inherited the throne. Henri granted official toleration for protestants through the Eidct of Nantes, but was assassinated.dpaul7

GENIO POPV-LI ROMANI, RIC VI 54b AntiochMaximian, 286 - 305, 306 - 308, and 310 A.D. Silvered follis, RIC VI 54b, EF, flatly struck, Antioch mint, 7.258g, 28.1mm, 0o, c. 300 - 301 A.D.; obverse IMP C M A MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse GENIO POPV-LI ROMANI, Genius standing left, modius on head, naked but for chlamys over left shoulder, patera in right, cornucopia in left, K - H/V, ANT in ex. Ex FORVM1 commentsPodiceps

GENIVS AVG, RIC V 45 RomeClaudius II Gothicus, September 268 - August or September 270 A.D. Bronze antoninianus, RIC V 45, SRCV III 11339, VF, reverse flatly struck, Rome mint, 2.030g, 19.5mm, 180o, 268 - 269 A.D.; obverse IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate head right; reverse GENIVS AVG, Genius standing left, sacrificing out of patera in right over altar, cornucopia in left. Ex FORVM, photo credit FORVMPodiceps

Gratian. 375-383 AD. AE CentenionalisGratian. 375-383 AD. AE Centenionalis (1.59 gm, 20mm). Antioch mint. Struck 378-383 AD.
Obv.: DN GRATIANVS PF AVG, pearl diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right.
Rev.: VIRTVS ROMANORVM, Roma seated facing, head left, holding globe and spear, Θ in left field, Φ in right field. ANTΔ. LRBC 2674; RIC IX Antioch 50b. Slightly double struck, gVF.Paul R3

Greek, Catalogue of the Collection of Tarentine Coins formed by M. P. Vlasto #534CALABRIA, Taras. Circa 325/0-315 BC. AR Nomos
22mm, 7.16 g, 6h.
Warrior, wearing shield adorned with hippocamp and holding two javelins, on horse prancing left; to left, Nike standing facing, head right, restraining horse; below, M above leg, KAΛ below.
Phalanthos, preparing to throw javelin and holding two others, cloak draped over his arm and billowing behind, riding dolphin right; KAΛ and waves below.
Fischer-Bossert Group 63, 793g (V310/R615) = Vlasto 534 (this coin; cast of coin damaged in photo); HN Italy 893.
Old cabinet tone, flatly struck, numerous scratches, test cut and marks on edge. Near VF.

From the Mesogeios Collection. Ex Edgar L. Owen inventory 5481 (ND); Michel Pandely Vlasto Collection; Carlo Strozzi Collection (not in Sangiorgi sale).Leo

GREEK, Italy, Calabria, Taras Oecist StaterCalabria, Taras
425-415 BC, Nomos, 7.99g. Fischer-Bossert-279 (V127/R212), Vlasto-255.
Obv: Phalantos naked and ithyphallic riding dolphin left; extending right hand and holding cuttlefish in left hand.
Rx: Oecist naked to waist, seated left on stool and balancing distaff on right hand, a lekythos on his left wrist.

Ex Gemini XII, 11 January 2015, lot 13. Ex NAC 10, 9 April 1997, lot 17. Ex M&M Basel 10, 1951, lot 161. With interesting and unusual types: Phalantos holds cuttlefish on obverse, while on reverse Taras(or Oecist?) is shown seated rather than on horseback. Nicely centered and well struck, except for Phalantos' head on obverse; rare; beautifully toned. EF3 commentsLeo

GREEK, Kingdom of Thrace, Lysimachos, 305 - 281 B.C., Portrait of Alexander the Great, Gold staterSH30334. Gold stater, apparently unpublished, Müller -, EF, weight 8.652 g, maximum diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain mint, obverse diademed head of Alexander the Great right wearing the horn of Ammon; reverse BAÎ£IÎ›Eâ„¦Î£ Î›YÎ£IMAXOY, Athena seated left, Victory in extended right, resting left elbow on shield, XA monogram left; sharp details with some luster, obverse slightly double-struck, ex Numismatica Ars Classica/NAC AG LondonJoe Sermarini

GREEK, Metapontion, Lucania, Italy, 334 - 330 B.C., Gold 1/3 staterSH86428. Gold 1/3 stater, SNG Lockett 406; SNG ANS 395; HN Italy 1578; Noe-Johnston 3, G1 and pl. 18; SNG Lloyd -; SNG Cop -; Jameson -; Gulbenkian -; Pozzi -; Weber -, aVF+, fine style, marks, reverse double struck, weight 2.574 g, maximum diameter 13.6 mm, die axis 180o, Metapontion mint, c. 334 - 332 B.C.; obverse head of Demeter right, wearing stephane and pendant earring; reverse METAΠON, barley stalk, bird right on leaf to right; ex Forum (2007), ex Christie's Auction (1993) ; very rareJoe Sermarini

GREEK, PHOENICIA, Arados, Phoenicia, 200 - 190 B.C., Civic Issue in the Types and Name of Alexander the GreatGS85703. Silver tetradrachm, Price 3390 ff., Mektepini 614 ff.; Duyrat 1270 ff., Cohen Dated 771, gVF, attractive style, reverse double struck, earthen encrustations, weight 17.039 g, maximum diameter 31.0 mm, die axis 0o, Arados mint, c. 200 - 190 B.C.; obverse head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean lion-scalp headdress; reverse AΛEΞAN∆POY BAΣIΛEΩΣ, Zeus seated left, nude to waist, himation around hips and legs, right leg drawn back, eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, palm tree with two bunches of dates in left field under arm, AP monogram under throne, uncertain Greek additive date (60 - 69?) belowJoe Sermarini

GREEK, Phokaia, Ionia, c. 372 - 327 B.C.SH86298. Electrum hekte, Bodenstedt 97 (b/-); SNGvA 2123; BMC Ionia p. 208, 36; Boston MFA 1924 (identified as Pan); SNG Kayhan -, Rosen -, VF, attractive style, well centered and struck, mild die wear, bumps and scratches, weight 2.521 g, maximum diameter 10.2 mm, Phokaia (Foca, Turkey) mint, c. 364 B.C.; obverse head of Dionysos left, wreathed in ivy with berries, hair rolled, small seal (symbol of Phokaia) left below; reverse quadripartite incuse square; scarceJoe Sermarini

GREEK, Phokaia, Ionia, c. 521 - 478 B.C., Electrum hekteSH86213. Electrum hekte, Bodenstedt em. 32, 7 (d/γ); Weber III 5736 (= Bodenstedt 7); Boston MFA 1906, SNG Kayhan -; SNG Cop -, SNGvA -, BMC Ionia -, Rosen -, EF, superb archaic style, well struck, tight flan, Phokaia (Foca, Turkey) mint, weight 2.529g, maximum diameter 10.1mm, die axis 0o, c. 521 - 478 B.C.; obverse archaic style head of Athena right, wearing Corinthian helmet, almond shaped eye, slight smile, long hair in rows of dots, dotted necklace, seal upward behind; reverse quadripartite incuse squareJoe Sermarini

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