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Roman Imperial, Vespasian AD 69-79, 3.11 grams, Obverse: Bust of Vespasian; Reverse: Judaea Trophy to left 1 commentspaul1888

10 Vespasian Denarius, 69-70 Judea CaptaVespasian. A.D. 69-79. AR denarius (17.1 mm, 2.86 g, 6 h). Rome, A.D. 69-70. Ex-Hebrew College Museum. IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, laureate head right / IVDAEA, captive Jewess seated right, hands tied before, trophy of captured arms behind. RIC 2; BMCRE 35; RSC 226. Fine, toned.
Ex-Hebrew College Museum.
Ex Agora Auctions #1 - Nov 20132 commentsSosius

70 AD: Vespasian - Defeat of the Jewish revolt and fall of JerusalemSestertius (28.6g, 37mm, 6h). Roman mint. Struck AD 71.
IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG PM TR P P COS III laureate head right
IVDAEA CAPTA / S C [in ex.] Judaea seated, in attidue of sorrow, at the foot of a palm tree; behind Vespasian standing in military dress holding spear and parazonium; left foot on a helmet.
RIC 427 (scarce); BMC 543; Cohen 2391 commentsCharles S

AS FOUND. DOMITIAN CAESAREA MARITIMA JUDAEA CAPTA TYPEJudaea Capta, Domitian, Struck at Caesarea Maritima 81-96 CE. Æ 24mm
O: Laureate bust of Domitian to right.
R: Victory to left with trophy.
Hendin-747. Æ 24mm
Extremely Fine

1 commentsMaritima

ROME
PB Tessera (16mm, 2.53 g, 12h)
Victory standing right, foot on helmet, inscribing shield set on palm tree
Apex; palm frond to left
M. & B. Overbeck, “Romische Bleimarken als Zeugnis des Ersten Jüdischen Krieges,” in Helas und der Grechen Osten, p. 211-216, 1; Rostovtsev 1840, pl. VII, 37; BMC 802-4

The similarities between the obverse of this piece and the Judaea Capta issues of Caesarea Maritima cannot be overstated. This type, as well as a few others that bear the portrait of Vespasian or palm trees, undoubtedly played some role in the triumph that followed the conclusion of the First Jewish War.2 commentsArdatirion

"As de Nîmes" or "crocodile" Ӕ dupondius of Nemausus (9 - 3 BC), honoring Augustus and AgrippaIMP DIVI F , Heads of Agrippa (left) and Augustus (right) back to back, Agrippa wearing rostral crown and Augustus the oak-wreath / COL NEM, crocodile right chained to palm-shoot with short dense fronds and tip right; two short palm offshoots left and right below, above on left a wreath with two long ties streaming right.

Ó”, 24.5 x 3+ mm, 13.23g, die axis 3h; on both sides there are remains of what appears to be gold plating, perhaps it was a votive offering? Rough edges and slight scrapes on flan typical for this kind of coin, due to primitive technology (filing) of flan preparation.

IMPerator DIVI Filius. Mint of COLonia NEMausus (currently Nîmes, France). Known as "As de Nîmes", it is actually a dupontius (lit. "two-pounder") = 2 ases (sometimes cut in halves to get change). Dupondii were often made out of a golden-colored copper alloy (type of brass) "orichalcum" and this appears to be such case.

Key ID points: oak-wreath (microphotography shows that at least one leaf has a complicated shape, although distinguishing oak from laurel is very difficult) – earlier versions have Augustus bareheaded, no PP on obverse as in later versions, no NE ligature, palm with short fronds with tip right (later versions have tip left and sometimes long fronds). Not typical: no clear laurel wreath together with the rostral crown, gold (?) plating (!), both features really baffling.

But still clearly a "middle" kind of the croc dupondius, known as "type III": RIC I 158, RPC I 524, Sear 1730. It is often conservatively dated to 10 BC - 10 AD, but these days it is usually narrowed to 9/8 - 3 BC.

It is a commemorative issue, honoring the victory over Mark Antony and conquest of Egypt in 30 BC. The heads of Augustus and Agrippa were probably positioned to remind familiar obverses of Roman republican coins with two-faced Janus. Palm branch was a common symbol of victory, in this case grown into a tree, like the victories of Augustus and Agrippa grown into the empire. The two offshoots at the bottom may mean two sons of Agrippa, Gaius and Lucius, who were supposed to be Augustus' heirs and were patrons of the colony. Palm may also be a symbol of the local Nemausian deity, which was probably worshiped in a sacred grove. When these coins were minted, the colony was mostly populated by the settled veterans of Augustus' campaigns, hence the reminiscence of the most famous victory, but some of the original Celtic culture probably survived and was assimilated by Romans. The crocodile is not only the symbol of Egypt, like in the famous Octavian's coins AEGYPTO CAPTA. It is also a representation of Mark Antony, powerful and scary both in water and on land, but a bit slow and stupid. The shape of the crocodile with tail up was specifically chosen to remind of the shape of ship on very common "legionary" denarius series, which Mark Antony minted to pay his armies just before Actium. It is probably also related to the popular contemporary caricature of Cleopatra, riding on and simultaneously copulating with a crocodile, holding a palm branch in her hand as if in triumph. There the crocodile also symbolized Mark Antony.

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa was born c. 64-62 BC somewhere in rural Italy. His family was of humble and plebeian origins, but rich, of equestrian rank. Agrippa was about the same age as Octavian, and the two were educated together and became close friends. He probably first served in Caesar's Spanish campaign of 46–45 BC. Caesar regarded him highly enough to send him with Octavius in 45 BC to train in Illyria. When Octavian returned to Rome after Caesar's assassination, Agrippa became his close lieutenant, performing many tasks. He probably started his political career in 43 BC as a tribune of the people and then a member of the Senate. Then he was one of the leading Octavian's generals, finally becoming THE leading general and admiral in the civil wars of the subsequent years.

In 38 as a governor of Transalpine Gaul Agrippa undertook an expedition to Germania, thus becoming the first Roman general since Julius Caesar to cross the Rhine. During this foray he helped the Germanic tribe of Ubii (who previously allied themselves with Caesar in 55 BC) to resettle on the west bank of the Rhine. A shrine was dedicated there, possibly to Divus Caesar whom Ubii fondly remembered, and the village became known as Ara Ubiorum, "Altar of Ubians". This quickly would become an important Roman settlement. Agrippina the Younger, Agrippa's granddaughter, wife of Emperor Claudius and mother of Emperor Nero, would be born there in 15 AD. In 50 AD she would sponsor this village to be upgraded to a colonia, and it would be renamed Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (colony of Claudius [at] the Altar of Agrippinians – Ubii renamed themselves as Agrippinians to honor the augusta!), abbreviated as CCAA, later to become the capital of new Roman province, Germania Inferior.

In 37 BC Octavian recalled Agrippa back to Rome and arranged for him to win the consular elections, he desperately needed help in naval warfare with Sextus Pompey, the youngest son of Pompey the Great, who styled himself as the last supporter of the republican cause, but in reality became a pirate king, an irony since his father was the one who virtually exterminated piracy in all the Roman waters. He forced humiliating armistice on the triumvirs in 39 BC and when Octavian renewed the hostilities a year later, defeated him in a decisive naval battle of Messina. New fleet had to be built and trained, and Agrippa was the man for the job. Agrippa's solution was creating a huge secret naval base he called Portus Iulius by connecting together lakes Avernus, Avernus and the natural inner and outer harbors behind Cape Misenum at the northern end of the Gulf of Naples. He also created a larger type of ship and developed a new naval weapon: harpax – a ballista-launched grapnel shot with mechanisms that allowed pulling enemy ships close for easy boarding. It replaced the previous boarding device that Romans used since the First Punic War, corvus – effective, but extremely cumbersome. A later defence against it were scythe blades on long poles for cutting ropes, but since this invention was developed in secret, the enemy had no chance to prepare anything like it. It all has proved extremely effective: in a series of naval engagements Agrippa annihilated the fleet of Sextus, forced him to abandon his bases and run away. For this Agrippa was awarded an unprecedented honour that no Roman before or after him received: a rostral crown, "corona rostrata", a wreath decorated in front by a prow and beak of a ship.

That's why Virgil (Aeneid VIII, 683-684), describing Agrippa at Actium, says: "…belli insigne superbum, tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona." "…the proud military decoration, gleams on his brow the naval rostral crown". Actium, the decisive battle between forces of Octavian and Mark Antony, may appear boring compared to the war with Sextus, but it probably turned out this way due to Agrippa's victories in preliminary naval engagements and taking over all the strategy from Octavian.

In between the wars Agrippa has shown an unusual talent in city planning, not only constructing many new public buildings etc., but also greatly improving Rome's sanitation by doing a complete overhaul of all the aqueducts and sewers. Typically, it was Augustus who later would boast that "he had found the city of brick but left it of marble", forgetting that, just like in his naval successes, it was Agrippa who did most of the work. Agrippa had building programs in other Roman cities as well, a magnificent temple (currently known as Maison Carrée) survives in Nîmes itself, which was probably built by Agrippa.

Later relationship between Augustus and Agrippa seemed colder for a while, Agrippa seemed to even go into "exile", but modern historians agree that it was just a ploy: Augustus wanted others to think that Agrippa was his "rival" while in truth he was keeping a significant army far away from Rome, ready to come to the rescue in case Augustus' political machinations fail. It is confirmed by the fact that later Agrippa was recalled and given authority almost equal to Augustus himself, not to mention that he married Augustus' only biological child. The last years of Agrippa's life were spent governing the eastern provinces, were he won respect even of the Jews. He also restored Crimea to Roman Empire. His last service was starting the conquest of the upper Danube, were later the province of Pannonia would be. He suddenly died of illness in 12 BC, aged ~51.

Agrippa had several children through his three marriages. Through some of his children, Agrippa would become ancestor to many subsequent members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He has numerous other legacies.Yurii P

(10) VESPASIANJudaea Capta Issue
69 - 79 AD
Struck 71 AD
AE Sestertius 32.5 mm 21.75 g
O: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M TR P P P COS III, laureate head right
R: IVDAEA CAPTA, Emperor with spear standing left of palm tree; Judaea mourning to right; SC in exe
Rome RIC II 427 laney

(11) TITUS79 - 81 AD
AE 23 mm 10.27 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Trophy flanked by Judaea seated left, mourning and shield to right
"Judea Capta"
JUDAEA, CAESAREA MINT

laney

(11) TITUS79 - 81 AD
AE 23 mm 10.27 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Trophy flanked by Judaea seated left, mourning and shield to right
"Judea Capta"
JUDAEA, CAESAREA MINT
79 - 81 AD
AE 23 mm 10.27 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Trophy flanked by Judaea seated left, mourning and shield to right
"Judea Capta"
JUDAEA, CAESAREA MINTlaney

(12) DOMITIAN (AGRIPPA II)Herodian Dynasty--Agrippa II
55 - 95 AD
Struck under Domitian
AE 19.5 mm 4.77 g
O: Laureate bust of Domitian right
R: Nike standing right, holding shield on knee
"Judaea Capta" issue
Judaea, Caesarea mint
laney

004.Titus 79-81 ADAR Denarius
Mint: Rome, Date: 80 AD
Obv: IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG PM,Laureate head of Titus right.
Rev: TRP IX IMP XV COS VIII PP, Two captives seated left and right, back to back, between them, trophy composed of cuirass, helmet, and oblong shields,the captive on left is a woman, draped, hooded, and rests head on right hand; the captive on right is a man, naked,and has his hands bound behind his back.
Ref: RIC II-102
Possible Judea Capta type,Hendin-778;Meshorer TJC,Supplement 5,Type I
2 commentsBrian L

009. Vespasian 69-79. AR Denarius. Victory - Judaea CaptaVespasian. AD 69-79. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.48 g, 6h). “Judaea Capta” commemorative. Rome mint. Struck AD 75. Laureate head right / Victory standing left on prow, holding wreath and palm frond. RIC II.1 777; cf. Hendin 1484; RSC 368. Toned, delamination on obverse, area of slight flatness of strike on reverse.5 commentsLordBest

012a3. TitusJudaea, Capta. Minted at Caesarea Maritima. 19mm. Obv: AYTOKΡ TITOΣ KAIΣAΡ, laureate head right. Rev: IOYΔIAΣ EAΛΩKVIAΣ, Nike standing right, inscribing shield attached to palm tree. RPC 2311.lawrence c

013a14. DomitianJudea Capta. Caesarea Maritima. AE23, 12.15 g. c. AD 83 or later. Obv. [IMP] DOMITIANVS CAES AVG [GERMANICVS] Laureate head to left. Rev. Athena standing left, placing hand on trophy and holding spear and shield. Hendin 1455; RPC II 2305. Numismatic Naumann Auction 73, Lot 90.1 commentslawrence c

098-117 AD - TRAJAN AR denarius - struck 103-111 ADobv: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P (laureate bust right, drapery on far shoulder)
rev: COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC (Dacia seated left in mourning on pile of arms), DAC CAP in exergue.
ref: RIC II 98 (C); BMCRE 390; RSC 120
2.98gms, 18mm
Scarce

DACia CAPta = conquest of Daciaberserker

1285 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 129-30 AD Galley leftReference
RIC II, 706; Strack 837; C. 657; Banti 337; RIC 1285

Bust A1

Obv. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS
Laureate head

Rev. FELICITATI AVG COS III P P S C in field
Galley moving left with stearman and five rowers; vexillum on prow.

23.61 gr
31 mm
12h

Ex.
Stack's Bowers Galleries January 2013 N.Y.I.N.C. lot 5210

Note.
An acrostolium is an ornamental extension of the stem post on the prow of an ancient warship. Often used as a symbol of victory or of power at sea. (numiswiki)
1st-4th Century AD:
The Ship in Imperial Rome

Realizing its importance, Augustus established the Roman navy along lines similar to that of the legions. In addition to a number of key harbors, from which ships could be deployed, he stationed several fleets (Latin classes) in key areas throughout the empire. Among these, the classis Britannica patrolled the channel between Gaul and Britannia, protecting the shipping lanes. Its strategic regional importance is commemorated in the coinage of several of the period usurpers from the area. M. Aurelius Postumus was the first to do so (lots 676-679). His bronze ship issues carry the legend LAETITIA AVG, emphasizing the source of imperial well-being resides in a strong navy. The usurper M. Aurelius Carausius, commander of the classis Britannica under Diocletian, struck coins commemorating, in part, his control of that fleet and its abilities in keeping the sea lanes open (lot 680). His short-lived successor, Allectus, continued the type (lots 681-684).

One important function of the navy was the transportation of the imperial family on state visits. From the time of Augustus, vessels were dispatched to carry the emperor between the capital and the provinces. One such instance is commemorated in a rare bronze as, struck at Patrae in AD 66/7 (lot 609). The reverse depicts the quinquereme used to carry Nero on his infamous tour of Greece. Hadrian’s extensive travels were recorded with a wide variety of ship types struck at Rome (lots 610-622), and in the East (lot 623). An inscription from Ephesus (Syll. III 3241), records that a local captain, L. Erastus, used his ship to transport the emperor while he was in that area. A coin struck at Alexandria (lot 624) is of particular importance for, in the same year as the coin was struck Antinoüs drowned as the imperial party was sailing up the Nile. Hadrian’s successors continued to travel, now to shore up border conflicts or prepare for one of the periodic wars with Persia (lots 625-627; 631-675). By the middle of the third century AD local issues, rather than those minted at the imperial capital, recorded these events, a sign that the center of power was drifting away from Rome itself.

Warships were not the exclusive vessel of the Roman navy. Providing the empire with an uninterrupted supply of grain, as well as other necessary supplies, necessitated the construction of ship for such a purpose. Unlike the warship, which required speed and strength for ramming, the merchantman (Greek nau~ stroggulh; Latin navis oneraria) was of broader beam. Many of these vessels, like the ponto or more common actuaria resembled the shape of a trireme and could be powered by both oars and sails. Since ships of this type were used to transport vital commodities such as wine and grain, they, like the large ponto, are often those shown on coins from the Black Sea (lots 655 and 664-666). The great Roman merchantman, or corbita, often seen in part on imperial issues commemorating the annona, is more familiar (lots 607-608). Powered by two large sails, it featured a rear cabin in the shape of a swan and was the true workhorse of Roman merchant vessels; its type continued well into the Byzantine period.3 commentsokidoki

1795 AE Halfpenny, Emsworth or Portsmouth, Hampshire.Obverse: EARL HOWE & THE GLORIOUS FIRST OF JUNE. "Elderly" bust of Earl Howe, wearing tricorn hat and with hair tied with a ribbon at back, facing left.
Reverse: RULE BRITANNIA. Britannia facing left, seated on globe, her right hand holding spear, her left arm holding laurel-branch and resting on shield at her side; in exergue, 1795.
Edge: “PAYABLE IN LONDON” the remainder engrailed.
Diameter: 29mm.
Dalton & Hamer: 23b

This token was probably issued by John Stride, a grocer and tea dealer with a business in Emsworth, and the dies were likely engraved by Thomas Wyon. The token was probably manufactured by Peter Kempson at his mint in Birmingham.
These 18th century tokens are often generically referred to as “Conder” tokens, the name originating from James Conder, a linen draper from Tavern Street in Ipswich. Conder was an ardent collector of tokens and the author of the standard work on the subject until it was superseded by that of Atkins in 1892.

Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe, Knight of the Garter and Admiral of the Fleet was born on 8th March, 1726. He was a British naval officer notable in particular for his service during the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary Wars. He died on the 5th of August, 1799.

The Glorious First of June, 1794 was the first and largest fleet action of the naval conflict between Britain and the French during the French Revolutionary Wars. The British, under Admiral Lord Howe, attempted to prevent the passage of a vital grain convoy from the United States, which was protected by the French fleet commanded by Vice-Admiral Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse. The two forces clashed in the Atlantic Ocean, some 400 nautical miles west of the French island of Ushant, on the first of June 1794. During the battle, Howe defied naval convention by ordering his fleet to turn towards the French and for each of his vessels to rake and engage their immediate opponent. This unexpected order was not understood by all of his captains, and as a result his attack, though successful, was more piecemeal than he intended. In the course of the battle the two fleets were so severely damaged that both Howe and Villaret were compelled to return to their home ports.
Both sides claimed victory and the outcome of the battle was seized upon by the press of both countries as a demonstration of the prowess and bravery of their respective navies. France because, despite losing seven of his ships, Villaret had successfully bought enough time for the grain convoy to reach safety unimpeded by Howe's fleet and Britain because, since the French were forced to withdraw their battle-fleet to port, they were left free to conduct a campaign of blockade for the remainder of the war.*Alex

18-07 - VESPASIANO (69 - 79 D.C.)AR Denario 19 x 17 mm 2.6 gr.

Anv: " IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG" - Cabeza laureada viendo a derecha.
Rev: Judea en actitud de duelo y congoja, sentada en el suelo hacia la derecha, detrás suyo un trofeo de armas. "JVDAEA" en el exergo.

Este tipo de reverso celebra el éxito de Vespasian y Titus sofocando la primera Revuelta Judía.

Acuñada: 69 - 70 D.C.
Ceca: Roma Italia ó Tarraco España
Rareza: Común ó Rara (Según la ubicación de la ceca)

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #15D Pag.16 (Roma) ó #266 Pag.46 (Tarraco) - RIC2 #4 (Roma) ó #1316 (Tarraco) - Sear RCTV Vol.1 #2296 Pag.436 - BMCRE Vol.2 #35, 359 y 370 - Cohen Vol.1 #226 Pag.384 - DVM #32 Pag.101 - CBN #23 - RSC Vol. II #226 Pag.43 – Hendin #759 Pag.319
mdelvalle

18-14 - VESPASIANO (69 - 79 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.8 gr.

Anv: " IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG" Leyenda en sentido anti-horario - Cabeza laureada viendo a derecha.
Rev: "[T]R POT X – COS VIIII" – Victoria avanzando a izquierda y atando un escudo sobre un trofeo de armas, en cuya base se encuentra un acongojado prisionero Judío sentado a izquierda.

Este reverso puede referirse a la victoria en Judea o, alternativamente, puede asociarse con las actividades en el norte de Bretaña del famoso Gobernador Gnaus Julius Agricola, suegro del historiador Tácitus.

Acuñada 79 D.C.
Ceca: Roma
Rareza: Comun

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #114D Pag.27 - RIC2 #1068 - Sear RCTV Vol.1 #2309 Pag.437 - BMCRE Vol.2 #246 - Cohen Vol.1 #552 Pag.411 - DVM #53/4 Pag.102 - CBN #216 - RSC Vol. II #552 Pag.48 - Hendin #767 Pag.321
mdelvalle

18-15 - VESPASIANO (69 - 79 D.C.)AR Denario 18 mm 2.8 gr.

Anv: " IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG" Leyenda en sentido anti-horario - Cabeza laureada viendo a derecha.
Rev: "[T]R POT X – COS VIIII" – Victoria avanzando a izquierda y atando un escudo sobre un trofeo de armas, en cuya base se encuentra un acongojado prisionero Judío sentado a izquierda.

Este reverso puede referirse a la victoria en Judea o, alternativamente, puede asociarse con las actividades en el norte de Bretaña del famoso Gobernador Gnaus Julius Agricola, suegro del historiador Tácitus.

Acuñada 79 D.C.
Ceca: Roma
Rareza: Comun

Referencias: RIC Vol.II #114D Pag.27 - RIC2 #1068 - Sear RCTV Vol.1 #2309 Pag.437 - BMCRE Vol.2 #246 - Cohen Vol.1 #552 Pag.411 - DVM #53/4 Pag.102 - CBN #216 - RSC Vol. II #552 Pag.48 - Hendin #767 Pag.321mdelvalle

1cy Gallienus253-268

Bronze antoninianus

Radiate, draped bust, right, GALLINVS AVG
Mars standing left, holding globe in right hand and spear in left hand, P in right field, VIRTVS AVG

RIC 317

Gallienus oversaw a period of disintegration of the empire and lost control over the East, Gaul, Spain, and Britain.

Zosimus observed: [When Valerian left for the East] As the Germans were the most troublesome enemies, and harrassed the Gauls in the vicinity of the Rhine, Gallienus marched against them in person, leaving his officers to repel with the forces under their command any others that should enter Italy, Illyricum, and Greece. With these designs, he possessed himself of and defended the passages of the Rhine, at one time preventing their crossing, and at another engaging them as soon as they had crossed it. But having only a small force to resist an immense number, he was at a loss how to act, and thought to secure himself by a league with one of the German princes. He thus not only prevented the other Barbarians from so frequently passing the Rhine, but obstructed the access of auxiliaries.

Eutropius recorded: Gallienus, who was made emperor when quite a young man, exercised his power at first happily, afterwards fairly, and at last mischievously. In his youth he performed many gallant acts in Gaul and Illyricum, killing Ingenuus, who had assumed the purple, at Mursa, and Regalianus. He was then for a long time quiet and gentle; afterwards, abandoning himself to all manner of licentiousness, he relaxed the reins of government with disgraceful inactivity and carelesness. The Alemanni, having laid waste Gaul, penetrated into Italy. Dacia, which had been added to the empire beyond the Danube, was lost. Greece, Macedonia, Pontus, Asia, were devastated by the Goths. Pannonia was depopulated by the Sarmatians and Quadi. The Germans made their way as far as Spain, and took the noble city of Tarraco. The Parthians, after taking possession of Mesopotamia, began to bring Syria under their power.

Zosimus resumes: Gallienus in the mean time still continued beyond the Alps, intent on the German war, while the Senate, seeing Rome in such imminent danger, armed all the soldiers that were in the city, and the strongest of the common people, and formed an army, which exceeded the Barbarians in number. This so alarmed the Barbarians, that they left Rome, but ravaged all the rest of Italy. At this period, when Illyricum groaned under the oppression of the Barbarians, and the whole Roman empire was in such a helpless state as to be on the very verge of ruin, a plague happened to break out in several of the towns, more dreadful than any that had preceded it. The miseries inflicted on them by the Barbarians were thus alleviated, even the sick esteeming themselves fortunate. The cities that had been taken by the Scythians were thus deserted.

Gallienus, being disturbed by these occurrences, was returning to Rome to relieve Italy from the war which the Scythians were thus carrying on. It was at this time, that Cecrops, a Moor, Aureolus and Antoninus, with many others, conspired against him, of whom the greater part were punished and submitted. Aureolus alone retained his animosity against the emperor.

The Scythians, who had dreadfully afflicted the whole of Greece, had now taken Athens, when Gallienus advanced against those who were already in possession of Thrace, and ordered Odonathus of Palmyra, a person whose ancestors had always been highly respected by the emperors, to assist the eastern nations which were then in a very distressed condition. . . .

While affairs were thus situated in the east, intelligence was brought to Gallienus, who was then occupied in the Scythian war, that Aurelianus, or Aureolus, who was commander of the cavalry posted in the neighbourhood of Milan to watch the motions of Posthumus, had formed some new design, and was ambitious to be emperor. Being alarmed at this he went immediately to Italy, leaving the command against the Scythians with Marcianus, a person of great experience in military affairs. . . . Gallienus, in his journey towards Italy, had a plot formed against him by Heraclianus, prefect of the court, who communicated his design to Claudius, in whom the chief management of affairs was vested. The design was to murder Gallienus. Having found a man very ready for such an undertaking, who commanded a troop of Dalmatians, he entrusted the action to him. To effect it, the party stood by Gallienus at supper and informed him that some of the spies had brought intelligence, that Aureolus and his army were close at hand. By this they considerably alarmed him. Calling immediately for his horse and arms, he mounted, ordering his men to follow him in their armour, and rode away without any attendance. Thus the captain finding him alone killed him.Blindado

2011THIS YEAR'S WINNERS
CLICK ON A COIN FOR ITS DETAILS

*Alex

3.4 Vespasian IVDAEA denarius69 - 70 AD
Rome Mint
rev. IVDAEA captive Jew seated at the base of a Roman trophy
commemorates Vespasian and Titus' conquest of the rebellious Jewish state following an four year uprising.
This was the springboard for Vespasian in his ambition for the throne. It made him very popular, and this Judaea Capta series was meant to cement that popularity.

i had been looking for one for quite a while!Ecgþeow

603. MarcianMarcian was born in Thrace or Illyria. He spent his early life as an obscure soldier. He subsequently served for nineteen years under Ardaburius and Aspar, and took part in the wars against the Persians and Vandals. In 431, Marcian was taken prisoner by the Vandals in the fighting near Hippo Regius; brought before the Vandal king Geiseric, he was released on his oath never to take up arms against the Vandals.

Through the influence of these generals he became a captain of the guards, and was later raised to the rank of tribune and senator. On the death of Theodosius II he was chosen as consort by the latter's sister and successor, Pulcheria, and called upon to govern an empire greatly humbled and impoverished by the ravages of the Huns.

Upon becoming Emperor, Marcian repudiated the embarrassing payments of tribute to Attila the Hun, which the latter had been accustomed to receiving from Theodosius in order to refrain from attacks on the eastern empire. Aware that he could never capture the eastern capital of Constantinople, Attila turned to the west and waged his famous campaigns in Gaul 451 and Italy (452) while leaving Marcian's dominions alone.

He reformed the finances, checked extravagance, and repopulated the devastated districts. He repelled attacks upon Syria and Egypt (452), and quelled disturbances on the Armenian frontier (456). The other notable event of his reign is the Council of Chalcedon (451), in which Marcian endeavoured to mediate between the rival schools of theology.

Marcian generally ignored the affairs of the western Roman Empire, leaving that tottering half of the empire to its fate. He did nothing to aid the west during Attila's campaigns, and, living up to his promise, ignored the depredations of Geiseric even when the Vandals sacked Rome in 455. It has recently been argued, however, that Marcian was more actively involved in aiding the western Empire than historians had previously believed and that Marcian's fingerprints can be discerned in the events leading up to, and including, Attila's death. (See Michael A. Babcock, "The Night Attila Died: Solving the Murder of Attila the Hun," Berkley Books, 2005.)

Shortly before Attila's death in 453, conflict had begun again between him and Marcian. However, the powerful Hun king died before all-out war broke out. In a dream, Marcian claimed he saw Attila's bow broken before him, and a few days later, he got word that his great enemy was dead.

Marcian died in 457 of disease, possibly gangrene contracted during a long religious journey.

Despite his short reign and his writing off of the west Marcian is considered one of the best of the early "Byzantine" emperors. The Eastern Orthodox Church recognizes him and his wife Pulcheria as saints, with their feast day on February 17.

Marcian AE4.9mm (1.30 grams) D N MARCIANVS P F AV, diademed & draped bust right / Monogram of Marcian inside wreath, * aboveecoli

69-79 AD - TITUS (Caesar) AR denarius - struck 1Jan-23June 79 ADobv: T CAESAR IMP VESPASIANVS (laureate head right)
rev: TR POT VIII COS VII (captive kneeling right in front of trophy of arms)
ref: RIC II 208(Vespasian) (S), C.334(6 francs)
3.32gms, 18mm
Rare

This reverse probably commemorating another Agricola's victory in Britannia or reminder of the successful Jewish War. I think it's belong to the Judea Capta series, because the captive wearing a typical jewish cap, and in ancient times both jewish men and women are wearing dresses covering most of their body (arms and legs). Celtic warriors had a long hair to scary the enemy (and they wearing pants).4 commentsberserker

69-79 AD - VESPASIAN - AE dupondius - struck 71 ADobv: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG C[OS ?] (radiate head right)
rev: [IVDEA.CAPTA] / S.C. (mourning Jew captive seated right under palm tree)
ref: RIC - , C.-
12.22gms, 25mm
Rare, not in RIC
The Judea Capta coin testifies to the great importance the Romans attached to quelling the revolt in Judea and capturing Jerusalem. This image was designed and circulated to send a message of Judea's defeated revolt to all the provinces of the Roman Empire and served as constant reminder of the fate of rebellious provinces.berserker

79-81 AD - TITUS AE sestertius - Paduan obv: IMP T CAES VESP AVG P M TR P P P COS VIII (laureate head left)
rev: IVDAEA CAPTA (Jewess seated right under palm tree, mourning; on left side Jew standing right, heap of arms), S-C in ex.
ref: C.114 (12frcs) Paduan, RIC II 93 (S)
18.35gms, 32mm, bronze
Rare

A well-known Paduan medal after Giovanni Cavino, but this is not the 20th century cast with dark patinated aluminium alloy, and it is in Cohen and RIC catalog as Paduan coin. OK, you say this is a fake, but I say it has room in my collection.2 commentsberserker

A. Overstrike: Bar Kochba AE over Flavian AE, Hendin Plate CoinPhoto Credit: NYS (edited).
Judaea, Bar Kochba Rebellion AE Middle Bronze (25mm, 9.88 g, 6h; undertype Agrippa II – Titus [87/8 CE]), 133/4 CE.
Obv: 'Sma' (abbreviating Simon; Paleo-Hebrew). Seven-branched palm tree, two bunches of dates.
Rev: 'Year two of the redemption of Israel' (Paleo-Hebrew). Grape vine leaf on tendril. Undertype portrait of Titus visible.
Ref: Hendin GBC2, 160a (this coin illustrated).
Prov: Ex David Hendin Collection (w/ his tag), Goldberg Sale 21 (15-17 2003, Pre-Long Beach Auction), Lot 1607; CNG e-538 (10 May 2023), Lot 244.
Also: NY Sale 48 (14 Jan 2020), Lot 90; Goldberg 116 (2 Jun 2020), Lot 894; CNG e-486 (24 Feb 2021), Lot 245; NY Sale 54 (11 Jan 2022), Lot 105.

Notes: A fascinating overstrike with visible Flavian bust, probably a “Judaea Capta” issue of Agrippa II struck in Caesarea Paneas, 75/6 CE. In my opinion, the undertype is RPC II 2285 & the bust of Titus is a die match to ex. 7 (ex Galst).2 commentsCurtis JJ

A. Plautius denarius 55 BCEA. Plautius.

AED • CVR • S • C downwards to left, A • PLAVTIVS downward to right
Turreted head of Cybele right, wearing cruciform earring, hair in knot, locks falling down neck;

IVDAEVS upward to right, BACCHIVS in exergue.
Bearded male figure (Aristobulus II) kneels right with palm branch in left hand, alongside camel

Rome, 55 BCE.

3.75g

Hendin 6470

Ex-Taters

The very first Judaea Capta type commemorating the defeat of Aristobulus II in trying to usurp the High Priesthood and Kingship from his brother Hyrcanus II.

From Hendin's Guide to Biblical Coins volume 6:

"Bacchus the Jew has been an enigma in numismatics. The most popular opinion is that the figure on the coin represents Aristobulus II, ally of Aretas III, and commemorates Aristobulus' unsuccessful insurrection against both his brother Hyrcanus II and Pompey the Great.

"I suggest that BACCHIVS IVDAEVS is not only half-playful, but tauntingly mean and mischievous as well. There are numerous suggestions that many Romans and Greeks believed the ancient Jewish religion to be a cult of Dionysus, the popular god of grapes and winemaking, feasting, drunken behavior, and ecstasy. Josephus does not discuss any aspects of Bacchus and the Jews, but he mentions that Herod I presented a golden vine to the Temple. It was used to hang donatives of golden grapes and vine leaves and the vine was said to be part of the booty taken to Rome by Titus. Among the important prayers in Judaism, both ancient and modern, are those prayers that call upon the monotheistic God to bless "the fruit of the vine."
Grapes were also one of the seven species listed in Deuteronomy 8:8 as special products of the ancient Land of Israel. The relationship the Greeks and Romans fantasized to exist between the Jews and Dionysus may also be related to the traditional mythology that Dionysus was the son of Semele, "who was the daughter of Cadmus, who, being a Phoenician, was a Semite who spoke a language closely akin to Hebrew." (GBC p. 367)"10 commentsJay GT4

Agrippa II (55-95 AD) Hendin 604 varAE17, 17mm, 4.89g.

Obverse: DOMET KAI GERMAN, Head of Domitian R.

Reverse: ETOU IE BA AGRIPPA, Nike standing R, foot on helmet, writing on shield. Crescent in L field.

Year 24, 83/4 AD.

Hendin 604 var

TJC 165c

SNG ANS 298Robert_Brenchley

Apollo kitharoidos (holding a lyre). Marble, Roman artwork, 2nd century CE, influence of Hellenistic statuary of the 2nd century BC. From the Temple of Apollo at Cyrene (modern Libya).The Apollo of Cyrene is a colossal Roman statue of Apollo found at the ancient city of Cyrene, Libya. This enormous sculpture was discovered in the mid-nineteenth century at the Temple of Apollo at Cyrene in Libya, where it was probably the main cult image. It was excavated by the British explorers and amateur archaeologists Captain Robert Murdoch Smith and Commander Edwin A. Porcher. The statue was found broken into 121 pieces, lying near the large plinth where it originally stood. The fragments were later reassembled in the British Museum to create a relatively intact statue with only the right arm and left hand missing.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_of_CyreneJoe Sermarini

Assortment of replica Biblical coinsI'm told that these were made in the 50's for use in Sunday schools. 7 coins encased in a slab of plastic. From smallest to largest they are as follows:

Lepton of Caponius 6 AD
Lepton of Pontius Pilate 29 AD
Herod Antipas 29 AD
Denarius of Tiberius14-37 AD
Harod the Great 37 BC
Shekel of Tyre 126 BC
Vespasian 72 AD

Quality is not as good as modern replicas but it makes a nice addition to my desk. I don't think these coins would fool anyone! :DJay GT4

BCC J10x Domitian Judaea CaptaRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
OBV: IMP DOMIT AVG GERM
Laureate head right.
C/M: Galley to right
REV: VICTOR AVG
Trophy (Judaea Capta series)
Hendin III - 751, C/M 802 or 805 10th Legionv-drome

BCC J18x Domitian Judaea CaptaRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
Obv:[DOMITIANVS CAES AVG GERMANICVS]
Laureate head right.
Rev:Minerva std right on galley,
with trophy, spear and shield. Palm
branch on right.
AE 25.5mm. 10.82gm. Axis:0
Surface find Caesarea Paneas, 1977
Judaea Capta series. Hendin (III) 748v-drome

BCC J20 Titus Caesarea Maritima Judaea Capta SeriesRoman Provincial
Judaea Capta Series
Caesarea Maritima
Titus 79-81 CE
Obv:AVTOKP TITOΣ KAIΣAP
Laureate head right.
Rev:ΙΟΥΔΑΙΑΣ ΕΑΛWΚΥΙΑΣ
Victory inscribing shield supported
on knee, palm tree to right.
21.5mm. 8.06gm. Axis:0
Hendin III 744v-drome

BCC J24 Domitian Caesarea MaritimaRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
Obv: [DOMITIANVS CAES AVG GERMANICVS]
Laureate head right.
Rev: Minerva advancing left with trophy,
spear and shield.
AE22mm. 10.03gm. Axis:0
Judaea Capta series. Hendin III 749
v-drome

BCC J4 Titus Judaea CaptaJudaean - Caesarea Maritima
Titus 79-81 CE
Obv:[ΑΥTΟΚΡ TΙT]ΟΣ [ΚΑΙϹΑΡ]
Laur. head of Titus right.
Rev:IΟΥΔΑΙ[Α ΕΑΛWΚ]ΥΙΑΣ
Nike std. right, writing on shield hanging
from palm tree.
AE 18.5mm 6.67 gm. Axis:0
Hendin 743v-drome

BCC J43 Domitian Rudder Judaea CaptaRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
Obv:[DOMITIANVS
CAE]SAR DIVI F AV
Laur. head of Domitian rt.
Rev:Rudder, no inscription.
12.0mm 1.72g. Axis:0
Judaea Capta Series
Hendin III 754 v-drome

BCC J44x DomitianRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
Obv:DOMITIANVS
CAESAR DIVI F AV
Laur. head of Domitian rt.
Rev:Rudder, no inscription.
13.5x11.0mm 1.74g. Axis:0
Judaea Capta Series
Hendin III 754 very rarev-drome

BCC J6 Vespasian Judaea Capta Roman Imperial - Judaean
AR Denarius - Judaea Capta
Vespasian 69-79 C.E.
OBV:IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG
Laureate head of Vespasian right
REV: IVDAEA Judaea seated right, leaning forward,
hands unbound; behind, trophy of war.
17.5mm. 3.08gm. Axis:180
Hendin 759 Judaea Capta seriesv-drome

BCC J7 Titus Judaea Capta C/MJudaean - Roman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Titus 79-81 CE
Obv:[AVTOKP TITOC KAICAP]
Laureate head right. Countermark of laureate
bust, right, in incuse rectangle. (punch 8x6mm.)
Rev:[ΙΟΥΔΑΙΑΣ ΕΑΛWΚΥΙΑΣ]
Judaea in mourning below, left of trophy,
hands tied, shield to right of trophy.
Hendin 745 21x22mm. 9.43gm. Axis:30
Surface find Caesarea Maritima, 1973
J. Berlin Caesarea Collection1 commentsv-drome

BCC J9 Domitian Judaea Capta Series C/MRoman Provincial
Caesarea Maritima
Domitian 81-96 C.E.
Obv: IMP DOMIT AVG GERM
Laureate head right.
C/M: Bust to right
Rev: VICTOR AVG
Trophy (Judaea Capta series)
Hendin III - 751, C/M ref?v-drome

Before and after Before and after judaea capta1 commentsMaritima

Confederate Army Letter - Office of Chief Inspector Field Transportation District No. 3, Alabama, Mississippi, West Tennessee and East La at Brandon, Miss. January 29, 1864An interesting letter handwritten by Major and Inspector Field Transportation A.M. Paxton to Captain H.F. Cook AQM, who was stationed at Woodville, Mississippi. The details of the letter concerns hiring "negro men" ages 18 to 45 as blacksmiths, shoemakers, carpenters, and teamsters. The "Genl Polk" mentioned is Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk. General Polk would be killed by Union artillery on June 14, 1864 during the Atlanta campaign. Major Paxton would go on to be paroled on May 15, 1865 at Jackson, Mississippi.Quant.Geek

Decentius AE Barbarous Imitation (Victories/wreath) v.1MAGNUS DECENTIUS as Caesar, AD 350-3
AE Barbarous Imitation (22.14mm, 5.06g, 6h)
Likely struck AD 350-3
Imitation of the Lugdunum mint
Obverse: [D N D]ECENTI-VS CAESAR, bare-headed, draped and/or cuirassed bust of Decentius right
Reverse: VICT[? ? ? ? ?] VG ET CES, two Victories standing facing each other, holding between them wreath encircling VOT [? ?] [MVLT] X which is resting on short column; [?]PLG in exergue

These 'unofficial' issues were struck to help alleviate severe local shortages of coinage.

From the collection of Commodore Daniel Turner (1794-1850), naval veteran of the War of 1812 and later captain of the USS Constitution.

The son of a naval officer, Daniel Turner (born 1794, Staten Island, New York) began his own career in the United States Navy as a midshipman on January 1, 1808, at the age of fourteen. Following brief duty at the New York Naval Station, he served aboard the USS Constitution on the North Atlantic Station. On June 17, 1810, he transferred to the frigate President and remained there until June 1812, when he was ordered to Norwich, Connecticut to command the gunboats there. On March 12, 1813, Turner received his commission as a lieutenant.
On March 14, two days later, Turner was sent to Sackett's Harbor, New York, located on the shores of Lake Erie. There, he took command of Niagara, a brig in Oliver Hazard Perry's squadron. However, just before the Battle of Lake Erie, he relinquished command to Captain Jesse D. Elliott and assumed command of Caledonia. The little brig played an important role in the battle on September 10, 1813, because, at one point in the action, her two 24-pounder long guns were the only ones in Perry's flotilla capable of returning the distant fire of the three heaviest Royal Navy ships then in the process of pounding Perry's flagship Lawrence. For his part in the American victory at Lake Erie, Lt. Turner received the praise of Perry, a vote of thanks and a medal from Congress, and a sword from the state of New York.
In the summer of 1814, Turner succeeded to the command of schooner Scorpion, and he cruised Lakes Erie and Huron in her supporting army operations around Detroit and blockading British forces at the Nottawasaga River and Lake Simcoe. On September 6, 1814, Turner and his command were captured by the British when he brought Scorpion alongside the former American schooner Tigress which, unbeknownst to him, had been captured a few days earlier. After a period of imprisonment at Fort Mackinac, Lt. Turner returned to the United States in exchange for a British prisoner of war.
Between 1815 and 1817, Turner cruised the Mediterranean in the frigate Java commanded by his old superior on the Great Lakes, Oliver Hazard Perry. During that deployment, Java visited Algiers and Tripoli in a show of American naval strength calculated to impress the Barbary pirates and intimidate them into honoring their treaties with the United States. In 1817, Java returned to Newport, Rhode Island, to be laid up.
Between 1819 and 1824, Turner returned to sea in the schooner Nonsuch attached to a squadron commanded again by Oliver Hazard Perry. In addition to hunting West Indian pirates, his ship sailed up the Orinoco River to carry Perry on a diplomatic mission to the Venezuelan government under Simon Bolivar. During the return downriver, Perry and many of the crew contracted yellow fever. Turner was close at hand when his mentor died at Trinidad on August 23, 1819. During the remaining years of Turner's assignment to Nonsuch, his ship worked along the east coast of the United States, patrolled in the West Indies to suppress piracy, and made a brief cruise to the Mediterranean in 1824.
Following shore duty at Boston, Massachusetts, Turner returned to sea in 1827 for a three-year assignment with the West India Squadron, as the commanding officer of Erie. In 1830, he came ashore again for three years at the Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Promoted to captain on March 3, 1835, Turner spent a long period waiting orders before returning to sea in 1839 in command of USS Constitution. He sailed the Pacific Squadron in "Old Ironsides," until he was relieved in 1841. From 1843 to 1846, he commanded the American squadron which operated along the Brazilian coast. From that duty, he reported ashore again as Commandant, Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Captain Daniel Turner died suddenly on February 4, 1850 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he was buried in Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland.

(Adapted and compiled from the Foster History and the USS Constitution Museum websites)

In addition to being a competent naval commander, Daniel Turner was also a keen coin collector, and during his career he accumulated a large collection of nearly three hundred ancient coins, which he stored in a wooden chest along with his own handwritten labels. In 2015, 165 years after the Commodore's death, the Turner descendants consigned this collection to Cowan’s Auction house of Cincinnati, Ohio.4 commentsCPK

Diocletian Post-Reform Radiate (CONCORDIA MILITVM, RIC VI 21) v.1DIOCLETIAN, AD 284-305
AE Post-Reform Radiate (20.65mm, 3.00g,1h)
Struck AD 295-298. Heraclea mint
Obverse: IMP C C VAL DIOCLETIANVS P F AVG, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Diocletian right
Reverse: CONCORDIA MIL-ITVM, Diocletian, in military attire, standing right, holding short scepter and receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter standing left, holding long vertical scepter; H A in lower field
References: RIC VI 21, RCV 12833

From the collection of Commodore Daniel Turner (1794-1850), naval veteran of the War of 1812 and later captain of the USS Constitution.

The son of a naval officer, Daniel Turner (born 1794, Staten Island, New York) began his own career in the United States Navy as a midshipman on January 1, 1808, at the age of fourteen. Following brief duty at the New York Naval Station, he served aboard the USS Constitution on the North Atlantic Station. On June 17, 1810, he transferred to the frigate President and remained there until June 1812, when he was ordered to Norwich, Connecticut to command the gunboats there. On March 12, 1813, Turner received his commission as a lieutenant.
On March 14, two days later, Turner was sent to Sackett's Harbor, New York, located on the shores of Lake Erie. There, he took command of Niagara, a brig in Oliver Hazard Perry's squadron. However, just before the Battle of Lake Erie, he relinquished command to Captain Jesse D. Elliott and assumed command of Caledonia. The little brig played an important role in the battle on September 10, 1813, because, at one point in the action, her two 24-pounder long guns were the only ones in Perry's flotilla capable of returning the distant fire of the three heaviest Royal Navy ships then in the process of pounding Perry's flagship Lawrence. For his part in the American victory at Lake Erie, Lt. Turner received the praise of Perry, a vote of thanks and a medal from Congress, and a sword from the state of New York.
In the summer of 1814, Turner succeeded to the command of schooner Scorpion, and he cruised Lakes Erie and Huron in her supporting army operations around Detroit and blockading British forces at the Nottawasaga River and Lake Simcoe. On September 6, 1814, Turner and his command were captured by the British when he brought Scorpion alongside the former American schooner Tigress which, unbeknownst to him, had been captured a few days earlier. After a period of imprisonment at Fort Mackinac, Lt. Turner returned to the United States in exchange for a British prisoner of war.
Between 1815 and 1817, Turner cruised the Mediterranean in the frigate Java commanded by his old superior on the Great Lakes, Oliver Hazard Perry. During that deployment, Java visited Algiers and Tripoli in a show of American naval strength calculated to impress the Barbary pirates and intimidate them into honoring their treaties with the United States. In 1817, Java returned to Newport, Rhode Island, to be laid up.
Between 1819 and 1824, Turner returned to sea in the schooner Nonsuch attached to a squadron commanded again by Oliver Hazard Perry. In addition to hunting West Indian pirates, his ship sailed up the Orinoco River to carry Perry on a diplomatic mission to the Venezuelan government under Simon Bolivar. During the return downriver, Perry and many of the crew contracted yellow fever. Turner was close at hand when his mentor died at Trinidad on August 23, 1819. During the remaining years of Turner's assignment to Nonsuch, his ship worked along the east coast of the United States, patrolled in the West Indies to suppress piracy, and made a brief cruise to the Mediterranean in 1824.
Following shore duty at Boston, Massachusetts, Turner returned to sea in 1827 for a three-year assignment with the West India Squadron, as the commanding officer of Erie. In 1830, he came ashore again for three years at the Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Promoted to captain on March 3, 1835, Turner spent a long period waiting orders before returning to sea in 1839 in command of USS Constitution. He sailed the Pacific Squadron in "Old Ironsides," until he was relieved in 1841. From 1843 to 1846, he commanded the American squadron which operated along the Brazilian coast. From that duty, he reported ashore again as Commandant, Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Captain Daniel Turner died suddenly on February 4, 1850 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he was buried in Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland.

(Adapted and compiled from the Foster History and the USS Constitution Museum websites)

In addition to being a competent naval commander, Daniel Turner was also a keen coin collector, and during his career he accumulated a large collection of nearly three hundred ancient coins, which he stored in a wooden chest along with his own handwritten labels. In 2015, 165 years after the Commodore's death, the Turner descendants consigned this collection to Cowan’s Auction house of Cincinnati, Ohio.CPK

Divo 014. 1644, Prise de Rosas.Obv. Bust right LUDOVICUS XIIII REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Rose rising from central ships prow, clouds flanking RHODA CATALON CAPTA MDCXLV

This medal was struck to commemorate the capture of the city of Rosas in Catalonia in 1645.LordBest

Divo 237. 1691, Nice et Mons prises le meme jour.Obv. Bust right LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Two airborne Victories facing each other, bearing trumpets and wreaths, from each trumpet a banner bearing NICEA CAPTA and MONTES HANN EXPVG, a city below each angel AB AUSTRO ET AB AQUILONE INEVNTE APRILI MDCLXXXXI

LordBest

Divo 256. 1694, Prise de Gerona.Obv. Bust right LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Hercules leaning on pillar, prone figure at his feet GERUNDA CAPTA MDCXCIIIILordBest

Divo 266. 1697, Prise d'Ath.Obv. Bust right LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Mars approaching prone figure resting on urn from which water pours, each clasping the same banner TENERA GALLIS PATENS ATRA CAPTA MDCXCVIILordBest

Domitian 81-96 ADDomitian LARGE Judaea Capta Hendin-748

Domitian, 81-96 AD, AE 27 mm,
Struck at the mint of Caesarea Maritima as part of the Flavian Judaea Capta series. Laureate bust Domitian to right/Minerva in prow to left, small owl at feet right, behind her is a field trophy of arms. Hendin-748.
Maritima

Domitian Æ As, (81-96 CE), "Judaea Capta"Bronze As of Domitian (81-96 CE), 22.9 mm, 11.02 grams, commemorating the Flavian victory in Judaea.

Obverse: IMP DOMITIANVS CAES AVG GERMANICVS around, Laureate bust Domitian left.
Reverse: Minerva stands to left, holding shield to right, erecting a field trophy of arms in front of her.

Reference: Hendin 749, Brom.-I 281, TJC-392, AJC-II-7, RPC 2305

Added to collection: May 23, 2005Daniel F

Domitian Caesar / Titus Judaea Capta Sestertius MuleDomitian Caesar / Titus Judaea Capta Æ Sestertius Mule, 25.38 g. Rome mint, struck 80/81

O: [CAES DIVI] AVG VESP F DOMITIAN[VS COS VII] - RIC II 288-306 (Titus)
R: IVD CAP across fields; SC in field below; mourning Jewess to left of palm on pile of arms; Jew on right with hands bound, arms on ground. - Titus RIC 153 (Perhaps a die match); Hendin 1593b; Upcoming addenda Titus 287A.

The only known sestertius mule under Titus.

From the patina it was likely found in eastern Europe, perhaps Bulgaria, a rich find spot for a lot of the judaea sestertii.

What evidence points to RIC II 288 / 306?

As noted by Curtis Clay, "Obverse legends beginning CAESAR are rare, and so far only known with portrait laur. left, according to RIC 275-7. Legends beginning CAES are very much more common.

With the N of DOMITIAN placed before Domitian's mouth, too much space seems to remain for just COS VII. We almost need that added VS to fill out the space.

Flavian mules in gold or silver occur with some regularity, though they are all rare individually.

It's not surprising, however, that very few sestertius mules occurred.

1. Vespasian struck c. 90% of the sestertii of his reign in the single year 71. Mules were impossible, because he hadn't yet begun striking sestertii for Titus and Domitian!

2. Later, when sestertii were being struck for Titus and Domitian too, the rev. types were not usually personalized, for example by carrying on the imperial titulature of each emperor, but were general and could be shared among the emperors, for example S C Spes advancing, or PAX AVGVSTI S C. Virtually all of the rev. types were appropriate for all three emperors, so there could be no mules!

Under Titus the possibilities for mules increased, since more types were introduced that were apparently meant for just one of the two imperial brothers, for example:

Titus: the Judaea Capta types, ANNONA AVG without S C, FELICIT PVBLIC, PIETAS AVGVST (Titus and Dom. shaking hands), PROVIDENT AVGVST (Vesp. hands globe to Titus), S C (Roma hands Palladium to Titus on horseback)

Domitian: S C (Minerva fighting right)."4 commentsNemonater

Domitian Judaea Capta Local , H-749Domitian, 81-96 AD, bronze issue commemorating the Flavian victory in Judaea, AE 23 Caesarea Maritima mint
OBV:. Laureate bust of Domitian left
REV:Minerva stands left holding shield to right and standing before field trophy of arms in left field. Hendin-749.
Maritima

Domitian on horsebackAD 69-81. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.48 g, 2h). Rome mint. Struck AD 73.
O: CAES AVG F DOMIT COS II; Laureate head right
R: Domitian on horseback left, raising hand and holding eagle-tipped scepter.
RIC II 680 (Vespasian); RSC 664.

The reverse depicts Domitian participating in the Judaea Capta triumph of 71 A.D. He is, as Josephus described him, riding alongside in magnificent apparel and mounted on a horse that was itself a site worth seeing.4 commentsNemonater

Domitian Sestertius RIC 255DOMITIAN. Ae sestertius. 85 A.D.
Obverse: IMP CAES DOMITIAN AVG GERM COS XI, Laureate bust of Domitian right.
Reverse: SC, Victory standing right inscribing ‘DE GER’ on shield, captive at her feet.
RIC 255; Cohen 469, Rare
34.01 mm. 22.58 grams.
Part of the 'Germania Capta' series which Domitian began issuing in 85 after the defeat of the Germanic tribe the Chatti.

1 commentsJerome Holderman

Domitian, RPC 2305Judea, Caesarea, Maritima Mint, Domitian, 81-96 A.D. AE, 22mm 10.3g, RPC 2305, Hendin 749, Sear 866
O: IMP DOMITIANVS CAES AVG GERMANICVS, Laureate head, l.
R: Minerva standing l., placing helmet atop trophy with right hand and holding round shield and spear in left
casata137ec

gadaraspijk085Elagabalus
Gadara

Obv: IMPKMAV[PANTWNINOC]. Laureate draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from front.
Rev: [ΠOMΠ]/ΓAΔAPεT/[AΠC] (legend in three lines above). Galley with captain, oarsmen and steersman on deck, sailing left, below, dolphin and star.
29 mm, 10.50 gms

Spijkerman 85Charles M

gadaraspijk088Elagabalus
Gadara

Obv: Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from front.
Rev: [ΠOMΠ]/ΓAΔAPεWN/[AΠC] (legend in three lines above). Galley with captain, oarsmen and steersman on deck, sailing left, below, dolphin and star.
28 mm, 18.30 gms

Spijkerman 88Charles M

Gratian AE3 (GLORIA ROMANORVM, RIC IX 21b) v.1GRATIAN, AD 367-383
AE3 (18.37mm, 2.51g, 6h)
Struck AD 375-378. Siscia mint
Obverse: D N GRATIA-NVS P F AVG, diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Gratian right
Reverse: GLORIA RO-MANORVM, emperor advancing right, dragging captive with right hand and holding labarum in left; P|S/P in fields, ΔSISCA in exergue
References: RIC IX 21b, subtype xlvb; RCV 20066

A rare subtype with pleasant brown surfaces and good detail.

From the collection of Commodore Daniel Turner (1794-1850), naval veteran of the War of 1812 and later captain of the USS Constitution.

The son of a naval officer, Daniel Turner (born 1794, Staten Island, New York) began his own career in the United States Navy as a midshipman on January 1, 1808, at the age of fourteen. Following brief duty at the New York Naval Station, he served aboard the USS Constitution on the North Atlantic Station. On June 17, 1810, he transferred to the frigate President and remained there until June 1812, when he was ordered to Norwich, Connecticut to command the gunboats there. On March 12, 1813, Turner received his commission as a lieutenant.
On March 14, two days later, Turner was sent to Sackett's Harbor, New York, located on the shores of Lake Erie. There, he took command of Niagara, a brig in Oliver Hazard Perry's squadron. However, just before the Battle of Lake Erie, he relinquished command to Captain Jesse D. Elliott and assumed command of Caledonia. The little brig played an important role in the battle on September 10, 1813, because, at one point in the action, her two 24-pounder long guns were the only ones in Perry's flotilla capable of returning the distant fire of the three heaviest Royal Navy ships then in the process of pounding Perry's flagship Lawrence. For his part in the American victory at Lake Erie, Lt. Turner received the praise of Perry, a vote of thanks and a medal from Congress, and a sword from the state of New York.
In the summer of 1814, Turner succeeded to the command of schooner Scorpion, and he cruised Lakes Erie and Huron in her supporting army operations around Detroit and blockading British forces at the Nottawasaga River and Lake Simcoe. On September 6, 1814, Turner and his command were captured by the British when he brought Scorpion alongside the former American schooner Tigress which, unbeknownst to him, had been captured a few days earlier. After a period of imprisonment at Fort Mackinac, Lt. Turner returned to the United States in exchange for a British prisoner of war.
Between 1815 and 1817, Turner cruised the Mediterranean in the frigate Java commanded by his old superior on the Great Lakes, Oliver Hazard Perry. During that deployment, Java visited Algiers and Tripoli in a show of American naval strength calculated to impress the Barbary pirates and intimidate them into honoring their treaties with the United States. In 1817, Java returned to Newport, Rhode Island, to be laid up.
Between 1819 and 1824, Turner returned to sea in the schooner Nonsuch attached to a squadron commanded again by Oliver Hazard Perry. In addition to hunting West Indian pirates, his ship sailed up the Orinoco River to carry Perry on a diplomatic mission to the Venezuelan government under Simon Bolivar. During the return downriver, Perry and many of the crew contracted yellow fever. Turner was close at hand when his mentor died at Trinidad on August 23, 1819. During the remaining years of Turner's assignment to Nonsuch, his ship worked along the east coast of the United States, patrolled in the West Indies to suppress piracy, and made a brief cruise to the Mediterranean in 1824.
Following shore duty at Boston, Massachusetts, Turner returned to sea in 1827 for a three-year assignment with the West India Squadron, as the commanding officer of Erie. In 1830, he came ashore again for three years at the Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Promoted to captain on March 3, 1835, Turner spent a long period waiting orders before returning to sea in 1839 in command of USS Constitution. He sailed the Pacific Squadron in "Old Ironsides," until he was relieved in 1841. From 1843 to 1846, he commanded the American squadron which operated along the Brazilian coast. From that duty, he reported ashore again as Commandant, Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Captain Daniel Turner died suddenly on February 4, 1850 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he was buried in Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland.

(Adapted and compiled from the Foster History and the USS Constitution Museum websites)

In addition to being a competent naval commander, Daniel Turner was also a keen coin collector, and during his career he accumulated a large collection of nearly three hundred ancient coins, which he stored in a wooden chest along with his own handwritten labels. In 2015, 165 years after the Commodore's death, the Turner descendants consigned this collection to Cowan’s Auction house of Cincinnati, Ohio.CPK

Great Britain, Captain James Cook Medal (Æ) by Lewis Pingo for the Royal Society 1784Left-facing bust of Captain James Cook (1728-1779) in his naval uniform. IAC. COOK OCEANI INVESTIGATOR ACERRIMVS (James Cook the most intrepid investigator of the seas) around the border. REG. SOC.LOND. / SOCIO. SVO (The Royal Society London, to its Fellow) below; signed L.P.F. (Lewis Pingo fecit) beneath the truncation of the shoulder.

The personified figure of Fortune leaning against a rostral column, holding a rudder resting on a globe; shield bearing Union Jack leaning against rostra column. NIL INTENTATVM NOSTRI LIQUERE (Our men have left nothing unattempted) around the border. In exergue AUSPICIIS / GEORGII / III (Under the auspices of George III).

MH 374; BHM 258; Betts 553; Eimar 780.

(43 mm, 12h).

On 14 February 1779, the world’s greatest navigator and maritime explorer, Captain James Cook (1728-1779), was killed in a skirmish with the Hawaiian inhabitants at Kealakekua Bay, on the big island. News of his death took almost a year to reach England. On receiving the news, the Chairman of the Royal Society, Sir Joseph Banks, sought designs for a medal to celebrate Cook’s achievements. Many artisans submitted ideas for consideration. However, it was the design of the chief engraver of the London Mint, Lewis Pingo (1743-1830) that won the sanction of the Royal Society. Work on the dies commenced on 15 June 1780 although it was to be more than three years before Sir Joseph Banks announced that the engraving was complete in November 1783. The medal was struck the following year in gold (22 copies), silver (322 copies) and bronze (577 copies). The bronze strikes were distributed free to the Fellows of the Royal Society, while gold and silver were by subscription only, with several of the gold medals reserved for dignitaries, including the King George III and James Cook’s widow Elizabeth.

The portrayal of Cook on the medal is derived from the famous portrait by Nathaniel Dance. The accompanying Latin legend translates to ‘James Cook the most intrepid explorer of the seas.' The reverse celebrates Cook's journeys, with the image of Fortune holding a rudder over the globe and a motto in Latin, which translated reads 'Our men have left nothing unattempted'.n.igma

H in circular punchUncertain mint, possibly SAMARIA, Caesarea Maritima (Judaea Capta coinage). Titus (?). Æ 18. Early 70s A.D. (?). Obv: Inscription illegible. Outline of imperial bust right; countermark before. Rev: Worn smooth. Weight: 4.81 g. Note: The identification of the coin as belong to the Judaea Capta series depicting Titus is based on the countermark. CM: H in circular punch, 5 mm (punch may be broken). Howgego 832.1 (1 pc). Collection Automan.Automan

JUDAEA CAPTATitus, 79-81 A.D., Judaea Capta, Struck at Caesarea Maritima, Hendin-745
TitusJudea Capta, Caesarea Maritima.
O: Laureate bust Titus to right. AYTOKP. TIT. OΣΚΑΙΣΑΡ
R: Jewish captive, hands bound behind him, kneels left beneath trophy
IOYΔΑΙΑCΕΑΛ WΚΥΙΑC
Hendin-745.
Maritima

Judaea Capta, Domitian, AE18mm, Caesarea MintJudaea Capta, Domitian, AE18mm Caesarea mint
Laureate head right.
Victory standing left, holding wreath and trophy made up of capturedJewish arms.
Hendin 750; AJC II 8.1 commentsMaritima

Judaea Capta--AGRIPPA II (under Domitian)DOMITIAN (AGRIPPA II)
Herodian Dynasty--Agrippa II
55 - 95 AD
Struck under Domitian
AE 19.5 mm 4.77 g
O: Laureate bust of Domitian right
R: Nike standing right, holding shield on knee
"Judaea Capta" issue
Judaea, Caesarea mintlaney

Judaea Capta--TITUS79 - 81 AD
AE 23 mm 10.27 g
O: Laureate head right
R: Trophy flanked by Judaea seated left, mourning and shield to right
"Judea Capta" issue
JUDAEA, CAESAREA MINTlaney

Judaea Capta--VESPASIAN69 - 79 AD
Struck 71 AD
AE Sestertius 32.5 mm 21.75 g
O: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M TR P P P COS III, laureate head right
R: IVDAEA CAPTA, Emperor with spear standing left of palm tree; Judaea mourning to right; SC in exe
Rome RIC II 427 laney

Judaea Capta. Domitian caesarea maritima mint. 81-96. Ã†21 Judaea Capta. Domitian. 81-96. Æ21
Obv: Laureate head of Domitian right, IMP DOMIT AVG GERM
Rev: Trophy. VICTOR AVG. H-751, AJC-5, TJC-390. 2 commentsMaritima

Judaea Capta: Vespasian AE As (Scarce "IVDEA" Spelling), ex Bressett & SaltonRoman Imperial. Vespasian AE As (28mm, 9.40g, 6h). “Judaea Capta” commemorative. Rome mint, circa 71 CE.
Obv: IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG COS III. Laureate head right.
Rev: IVDEA CAPTA / S C in exergue. Judaea seated right in attitude of mourning, Palm tree to her left; to left, pile of arms (shields, helmet).
Ref: RIC II 305; Cohen 244; Hendin (GBC 5) 1554 (b); OCRE (RIC 305; 14 specs.). Note: Incorrectly described by CNG as RIC 1233 (COS VIII / IVDAEA).
Prov: Ex Kenneth Bressett (1928-) Collection (CNG Keystone 6 [11 Mar 2022], Lot 3156, Corr.); acq. from Mark Salton-Schlessinger (1914-2005), 1957 for $8, with his tag/envelope.
Prov (cont.): possibly Ex Hesperia (Vladimir Clain-Stefanelli & Robert Hecht, Baltimore MD) List 1 (Spring 1951), Nos. 386 (“F/VF”) or 387 (“G”), more likely the latter. (Though not illustrated, Cohen 244's are scarce; Salton bought others from that sale, suggesting it as a likely source, albeit conjectural.)
Coin-in-hand video & some more background: [my website LINK]3 commentsCurtis JJ

Judaea Capta: Vespasian AR Denarius, Mourning Captive Seated beside TrophyRoman Imperial. Vespasian (Augustus, 69-79 CE) AR Denarius (19mm, 3.07 g, 7h), “Judaea Capta” commemorative, Rome mint, c. 70 CE.
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, laureate head right.
Rev: Judaea seated right in mourning, wearing long veil, resting chin on her left hand; trophy to left; IVDΛEΛ in exergue.
Ref: RIC (II.1) 2; RSC 226; Hendin 1479. Prov: Ex-CNG EA 481 (Lancaster, 2 Dec 2020), Lot 547.

Notes: Coin-in-hand video: LINK. More on my collection site: LINK. As Mattingly noted in the BMCRE (Vol II), this is the first issue to present a lone, mourning captive and trophy – as opposed to a pair of captives or a lone bound captive (as appeared on Republican Quinarii in the early 1st c. BCE). The pair of captives (usually one bound, one mourning, like Judaea here) was first depicted on Julius Caesar Denarii.3 commentsCurtis JJ

Judaea, Caesarea Maritima, Domitian.
JUDAEA, Judaea Capta. Domitian. AD 81-96. AE Caesarea Maritima mint. Struck circa 83 CE or later. Laureate head left / Athena standing left, erecting trophy and holding spear and shield. Hendin 1455; Sofaer 27-9; RPC II 2305. VF, dark green patina with earthen highlights/deposits.1 commentsecoli

JUDAEA, Caesarea Maritima; TitusTitus Æ 20mm of Judaea, Capta. Minted at Caesarea Maritima. AVTOKP TITOS KAISAP, laureate head right / IOVDIAS EALWKVIAS, Victory standing right, inscribing shield attached to palm tree. RPC 2311.

Ex- CNG sale 143, Lot: 340ecoli

Judaea, Caesarea Maritima; TitusJudaea Capta. Titus. 79-81 C.E. AE 20 mm. Obv. Laureate bust of
Titus r.; around, AVTOKP TITOC KAICAP. Rv. Nike standing r., with
l. foot on helmet; she writes with r. hand on shield hanging from
palm tree; around IOYAAIAE. AJC II, Supp. VII, 2. Hendin 743.

Ex- CNG sale 143, Lot: 340

ecoli

JUDAEA, Caesarea Maritima; Titus Titus AE 25 mm of Judaea, Capta. AVTOKP TITOS KAISAP, laureate head right / IOYLIAS EALWKYIAS, trophy of arms, Judaea sitting mourning on ground to left with her hands tied behind her back, shield to right. RPC 2313.

A rather poor example from Uncleaned pileecoli

Low Countries, silver jeton 1590: the capture of BredaObverse: PARATI•VINCERE•AVT•MORI•+•NONAR•MARTII, Dutch soldiers leaving ship which is carrying peat
Reverse: BREDA•A•SERVITVTE•HISPANA•VINDICATA•DVCTV•PRINCIPIS•MAVRITII•A•NASS•Anno 1590

Minted in: Dordrecht

The Siege of Breda in 1590 was an extremely short battle during the Eighty Years' War during which a Dutch army led by Maurice of Nassau captured the heavily protected city of Breda by a clever tactic reminiscent of the Trojan horse. The Dutch commander was informed that a ship carrying peat to the city was never checked by the Spanish soldiers. Together with the ship's captain he thought of a plan which involved 70 Dutch soldiers hiding in the peat. The plan worked and the city was taken with an absolute minimum of casualties on the Dutch side.RomaVictor

Lucius VerusLucius Verus Armenia Capta

Lucius VerusLucius Verus
Ar denarius
Armenia Capta
JayAg47

Maximian Post-Reform Radiate (CONCORDIA MILITVM, RIC VI 15b) v.1MAXIMIAN, AD 286-305
AE Post-Reform Radiate (22.17mm, 2.91g, 12h)
Struck AD 295-299. Cyzicus mint
Obverse: IMP C M A MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust of Maximian right
Reverse: CONCORDIA MI-LITVM, Maximian, in military attire, standing right holding short scepter and receiving Victory on globe from Jupiter standing left, holding long vertical scepter; KS in center field
References: RIC VI 15b, RCV 13315

From the collection of Commodore Daniel Turner (1794-1850), naval veteran of the War of 1812 and later captain of the USS Constitution.

The son of a naval officer, Daniel Turner (born 1794, Staten Island, New York) began his own career in the United States Navy as a midshipman on January 1, 1808, at the age of fourteen. Following brief duty at the New York Naval Station, he served aboard the USS Constitution on the North Atlantic Station. On June 17, 1810, he transferred to the frigate President and remained there until June 1812, when he was ordered to Norwich, Connecticut to command the gunboats there. On March 12, 1813, Turner received his commission as a lieutenant.
On March 14, two days later, Turner was sent to Sackett's Harbor, New York, located on the shores of Lake Erie. There, he took command of Niagara, a brig in Oliver Hazard Perry's squadron. However, just before the Battle of Lake Erie, he relinquished command to Captain Jesse D. Elliott and assumed command of Caledonia. The little brig played an important role in the battle on September 10, 1813, because, at one point in the action, her two 24-pounder long guns were the only ones in Perry's flotilla capable of returning the distant fire of the three heaviest Royal Navy ships then in the process of pounding Perry's flagship Lawrence. For his part in the American victory at Lake Erie, Lt. Turner received the praise of Perry, a vote of thanks and a medal from Congress, and a sword from the state of New York.
In the summer of 1814, Turner succeeded to the command of schooner Scorpion, and he cruised Lakes Erie and Huron in her supporting army operations around Detroit and blockading British forces at the Nottawasaga River and Lake Simcoe. On September 6, 1814, Turner and his command were captured by the British when he brought Scorpion alongside the former American schooner Tigress which, unbeknownst to him, had been captured a few days earlier. After a period of imprisonment at Fort Mackinac, Lt. Turner returned to the United States in exchange for a British prisoner of war.
Between 1815 and 1817, Turner cruised the Mediterranean in the frigate Java commanded by his old superior on the Great Lakes, Oliver Hazard Perry. During that deployment, Java visited Algiers and Tripoli in a show of American naval strength calculated to impress the Barbary pirates and intimidate them into honoring their treaties with the United States. In 1817, Java returned to Newport, Rhode Island, to be laid up.
Between 1819 and 1824, Turner returned to sea in the schooner Nonsuch attached to a squadron commanded again by Oliver Hazard Perry. In addition to hunting West Indian pirates, his ship sailed up the Orinoco River to carry Perry on a diplomatic mission to the Venezuelan government under Simon Bolivar. During the return downriver, Perry and many of the crew contracted yellow fever. Turner was close at hand when his mentor died at Trinidad on August 23, 1819. During the remaining years of Turner's assignment to Nonsuch, his ship worked along the east coast of the United States, patrolled in the West Indies to suppress piracy, and made a brief cruise to the Mediterranean in 1824.
Following shore duty at Boston, Massachusetts, Turner returned to sea in 1827 for a three-year assignment with the West India Squadron, as the commanding officer of Erie. In 1830, he came ashore again for three years at the Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Promoted to captain on March 3, 1835, Turner spent a long period waiting orders before returning to sea in 1839 in command of USS Constitution. He sailed the Pacific Squadron in "Old Ironsides," until he was relieved in 1841. From 1843 to 1846, he commanded the American squadron which operated along the Brazilian coast. From that duty, he reported ashore again as Commandant, Portsmouth Navy Yard.
Captain Daniel Turner died suddenly on February 4, 1850 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he was buried in Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland.

(Adapted and compiled from the Foster History and the USS Constitution Museum websites)

In addition to being a competent naval commander, Daniel Turner was also a keen coin collector, and during his career he accumulated a large collection of nearly three hundred ancient coins, which he stored in a wooden chest along with his own handwritten labels. In 2015, 165 years after the Commodore's death, the Turner descendants consigned this collection to Cowan’s Auction house of Cincinnati, Ohio.CPK

Mourning Captive Seated: Trajan's "Dacia Capta"Roman Imperial. Trajan AR Denarius (3.04g, 18mm, 6h). Rome, circa 108/9 CE.
Obverse: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P. Laureate head right, drapery on far shoulder.
Reverse: COS V P P SPQR OPTIMO PRINC // DAC•CAP in exergue. Dacian seated left , on pile of captured arms. Dacia, wearing peaked cap and tunic, seated left resting head on right hand in posture of mourning, on a pile of arms consisting of one round and one oblong shield below, two curved swords to left, and two long spears to right.
Reference: RIC 98; RSC 120a.
Provenance: Ex-NBS Auction e-2, Lot 593 (Rijkswijk, Nederland, 23 December 2020).

Notes: Trajan's Dacian campaign was one of the defining events in his reign. The great Columna Traiani, which still stands in Trajan's Forum in Rome, commemorates his conquest in Dacia in spiral bas relief frieze, including many depictions of captive-taking.2 commentsCurtis JJ

N128Roman Empire Coin. AR Denarius of Titus (Judaea Capta). Rome Mint. AD 79. Obv: Laureate head of Titus left / IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M. Rev: Male captive wearing trousers, cloak around shoulders and falling behind him, hands tied behind back, kneeling right at base of trophy of arms / TR P VIIII IMP XIIII COS VII P P. RIC II Titus 31; RSC 337a; Hendin 6614a.

CNG Electronic Auction 539 (31 May 2023), Lot 1187
Ex-Michael Stolt Collection (August 2023)Sebastian H2

N62Roman Provincial Coin. AE24 of Titus (Judaea Capta). Caesarea Maritima Mint. AD 79-81. Obv: Laureate head of Titus right / AYTOK TITOΣ KAIΣAΡ. Rev: Trophy, with a Judaean captive kneeling left to left of its base and a shield to the right of its base / IOYΔAIAC ΛΩKωKYIAC. RPC II 2313; Meshorer 384; Hendin 1449; Sofaer 13.

Ex-German Collection (2019)
Old Coin Gallery (April 2023)Sebastian H2

N75Roman Provincial Coin. AE22 of Domitian (Judaea Capta). Caesarea Maritima Mint. AD 83-85. Obv: Laureate head of Domitian left / IMP DOMITIANVS CAES AVG GERMANICVS. Rev: Minerva standing left, supporting trophy with right hand and holding spear and shield in left. RPC II 2305; Hendin 6482; Meshorer TJC 392.

Ex-German Collection (2019)
Old Coin Gallery (May 2023)Sebastian H2

RIC 0001Titus AR Denarius 79 AD Rome,
Judaea Capta issue.
(3.12 gram, 18 mm).
Obv: IMP T CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, Laureate head right)
Rev: TR POT VIII COS VII Captive kneeling right before trophy.
RIC 1, RSC 334a, Sear RCV (2000) 2505

Here is another interesting coin of Titus. First it is catalogued as RIC 1. This coin was probably minted in the first few weeks of Titus' rule as Augustus.
Take a look at the reverse. You will see a Jewish captive kneeling at the foot of a trophy. Titus' father Vespasian famously put a Jewish captive on the reverse of his own coinage. Since Titus was very involved with the suppression of the Jewish people in Jerusalem and the subsequent looting of the city, I suppose it makes sense that this subject would be continued on his coins.

I like this coin mostly for the reverse. However, I also think the portrait has some charm to it as well. One can clearly see his resemblance to his father.
3 commentsorfew

RIC 0002 VespasianAR Denarius, 3.35g
Rome Mint, 69-70 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: IVDAEA in exergue; Judaea std. r., head resting on hand, to r. of trophy
RIC 2 (C2). BMC 35. RSC 226. BNC 23. Hendin 1479.
Acquired from Glenn W. Woods, October 2003.

A reverse which commemorates the Roman victory over the Jews in the Jewish war of 66-70 AD. Here is what H. Mattingly in BMCRE II stated about the reverse: 'The veil over her head, the head sunk over her hand, her whole posture express utter dejection.' The reverse effectively captures the essence of a defeated foe and remains one of the most important historical types of the Flavian dynasty. Although listed in RIC as Vespasian's first denarius type, this reverse could not have been struck much before August 70 when Jerusalem fell to Titus Caesar and Judaea was truly 'Capta'. Although a very common type, these command premium prices in trade.

A coin that has a wonderful 'soldier-like' portrait and very detailed reverse. Very well centred for the type, most of which were struck on small flans.David Atherton

RIC 0004 VespasianAR Denarius, 2.71g
Rome Mint, 69-70 AD
Obv: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Vespasian, laureate, r.
Rev: IVDAEA in exergue; Judaea std. r., hands bound behind back, to r. of palm tree
RIC 4 (R). BMC 43. RSC 229. BNC -. Hendin 1480.
Acquired from Zuzim Judaea, May 2012.

The reverse commemorates the end of the Jewish War and is part of the 'Judaea Capta' series that Vespasian issued soon after he became emperor. The coin depicts a Jewess, seated before a palm tree (representing the land of Judaea), with her hands tied behind her back and in a dejected state mourning. Clearly no academic interpretation is needed to understand what is meant by this reverse design. This palm tree variety was only fleetingly struck and is much scarcer than the common Jewess seated before trophy design.

This coin is a replacement upgrade for one I purchased six years ago. Is it better? I'm not so sure. The flan is oblong (but large at 21.5 mm), the obverse slightly double struck, and the details are not as sharp on the reverse. With all that being said, I like the toning, the beaded border is almost in full on the reverse (a rarity for an early Vespasian denarius), and the style is quite attractive. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder after all.
2 commentsDavid Atherton

RIC 001 TitusAR Denarius, 3.10g
Rome Mint, 24 June-1 July 79 AD
Obv: IMP T CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG; Head of Titus, laureate, bearded, r.
Rev: TR POT VIII COS VII; Trophy; below, captive kneeling r.
RIC 1 (R). BMC 1. RSC 334a. BNC -. Hendin 1582.
Acquired from Hail Cesare, August 2004.

Titus minted quite a flurry of denarii after Vespasian's death in June 79 AD. They advertise many of the same themes and types previously issued for Titus as Caesar under Vespasian, such as this carry-over 'Capta' type struck within the first week of Titus' reign. It may either be a Judaea or Britannia capta commemorative. Mattingly in the BMCRE (p. xli) interprets these types of Titus as Augustus as referring to Britannia and Agricola's campaigns in Northern England and Scotland. Jane M. Cody in the book 'Flavian Rome' (pg. 111) agrees with Mattingly, citing the differences in shield and trophy designs with the standard Judaea Capta types. Confusingly, Mattingly states that this type issued for Titus as Caesar under Vespasian refers to Judaea while Cody believes both issues were minted for victories in Britain because of identical composition and detail. I believe it to be a Judaea Capta commemorative. Titus's bronze coinage overtly advertises the Judean victory with no hint of a British one. It would be odd indeed if the propaganda messages on the precious metal coinage diverged so significantly from the bronze! Additionally, this type was solely struck for Titus Caesar under Vespasian - if it is a British victory commemorative, why was it not struck for Vespasian the ruling emperor?

Definitely one of my favourite coins in the collection. The condition alone is enough to take your breath away.10 commentsDavid Atherton

RIC 0012 Titus DenariusIMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG PM
Laureate head right

TR P VIIII IMP XIIII
Trophy, below, captive kneeling right

Rome after July 1, 79 CE

3.25g

RIC 12 (R)

Ex-Praefectus

Mis-attributed as the more common Second issue RIC 30, this is the rarer First issue missing PP at the end of the obverse legend. Worn but lovely portrait of the new Emperor with nice toning. Very handsome coin in hand. I believe these are now convincingly attributed as Judaea Capta coins.4 commentsJay GT4

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