| Image search results - "caesarea," |
Caesarea, Paneas. AE23.
Obv : head of Claudius
Rev : His 3 children : Antonia, Britannicus and Octavia
Ref : RPC 4842
Hen-567
This coin type seems questionable to place under the coinage of Agrippa II since the legends do not mention Agrippa and the time of minting does not conform to the other Agrippa II coins. We will notice the absence of Agrippa's name in other issues as well. At the very least, though, it was struck at Caesarea-Paneas, so it is definitely part of the city coinage. It is catalogued in The Numismatic Legacy of the Jews in the city coinage section as #208.R. Smits
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1 Gordian IIIGordian III
AE22 of Caesarea, Cappadocia
Dated Year 7 = Jan - Feb 244 AD
O: AV KAI M ANT GORDIANOC, laureate, draped & cuirassed bust right
R: MHTP KAI BNE, six ears of corn bound together, in lower field ET-Z
BMC 346-349, SGI 3778, Syd 616 Sosius
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25 Caracalla - NeocaesareaCARACALLA
AE30, Neocaesarea, Pontus
14.03 grams.
198 AD-217 AD
Youthful bust of Caracalla right / Altar in Tetrastyle Temple
BMC6Sosius
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5 Marcus Aurelius ProvincialMARCUS AURELIUS
AE of Caesarea, Cappadocia
O: Bust right
R: Mt Argeus with conical peak
RI0101Sosius
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(0222) SEVERUS ALEXANDER222-235 AD
AE 21 mm
O: laureate bare bust right, from behind
R: 3 double stalks of wheat tied together
Caesarea, Cappadocialaney
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0 - Antoninus Pius Silver Didrachm of Caearea, Cappadocia - Pietas standing w/ Altar~
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Ancient Roman Empire
Emperor Antoninus Pius ( 138 - 161 AD )
Silver Didrachm (two drachmai) of Caesarea, Cappadocia.
(titles in Greek)
obv: Bare headed bust of Antoninus Pius facing right, draped and cuirassed. Seen from Behind.
rev: Pietas, unveiled, standing left, raising right hand over lighted altar and holding open box in left hand.
Weight: 5.9 Grams.
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*~!CLICK PHOTO FOR FULLSIZE - VERY LARGE PHOTO!~*
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~ VERY RARE COIN ~
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~rexesq
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006b. Claudia Aug.JUDAEA, Caesaraea Panias. Diva Poppaea and Diva Claudia. Died AD 65 and AD 63, respectively. Æ 20mm (6.00 g, 12h). Struck AD 65-68. Statue of Diva Poppaea seated left within distyle temple / Statue of Diva Claudia standing left within hexastyle temple. RPC I 4846; Meshorer, Caesarea, Pl. 7, H; SNG ANS 858; Hendin 578. Fine, dark green patina under light earthen deposits.
Ex-CNG
ecoli
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012p Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), Syria, Uncertain Caesarea, RPC I 4084, AE-19, ЄTOYC KAICAPЄΩN Γ, Veiled head of Tyche right, #1012p Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), Syria, Uncertain Caesarea, RPC I 4084, AE-19, ЄTOYC KAICAPЄΩN Γ, Veiled head of Tyche right, #1
avers: KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP, Bare head of Claudius right.
reverse: ЄTOYC KAICAPЄΩN Γ, Veiled head of Tyche right.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 19,0mm, weight: 5,27g, axes: 0h,
mint: City: Uncertain Caesarea(s), Region: Cilicia, Province: Syria,
date: Year 3 (Γ) = 43 A.D.,
ref: RPC I 4084, BMC Anazarbus 5, Ganschow I, p. 56 Typ X2, Cop (Caesarea, Capp.) 177, Rec (Amisus) 73,
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012p Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), Syria, Uncertain Caesarea, RPC I 4086, AE-24, KAICAPEΩN ETOYC E, Veiled Tyche seated right, #1012p Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), Syria, Uncertain Caesarea, RPC I 4086, AE-24, KAICAPEΩN ETOYC E, Veiled Tyche seated right, #1
avers: TIBEPIOC KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP, Bare head of Claudius right.
reverse: KAICAPEΩN ETOYC E, Veiled Tyche, seated right, on rocks and holding ears of corn, below, the river god.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 24,0-24,5mm, weight: 9,7g, axes: 0h,
mint: City: Uncertain Caesarea(s), Region: Cilicia, Province: Syria,
date: E, Year 5 = 45 A.D.,
ref: RPC I 4086, BMC Anazarbus 4, Ganshow I, p. 58 Typ X4,
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020a04. Lucius VerusAE 20. Caesarea, Cappadocia. 161–169 AD. Obv: AVTOKΡA OYHΡOC CEBACTOC, laureate head right. Rev: KAICAΡEΩN T Π AΡΓAIΩ, Mount Argaios with tall conical top. Date ET Gamma below. Sydenham 360; BMC 198-200.lawrence c
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020p Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Galatia-Cappadocia, RPC II 1659, AR-Hemidrachm, Nike advancing right, #1020p Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Galatia-Cappadocia, RPC II 1659, AR-Hemidrachm, Nike advancing right, #1
avers: AYTOKP KAICAP OYЄCΠACIANOC CЄBA Laureate head of Vespasian to right.
reverse: Nike advancing right, holding wreath in her right hand and palm frond over her left shoulder.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 12,9-13,9mm, weight: 1,54g, axis: 0h,
mint: City: Caesarea, Region: Cappadocia, Province: Galatia-Cappadocia,
date: 69-79 A.D.,
ref: RPC II 1659, Sydenham 94, Metcalf 17, SGI 735,
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020p Vespasian with Titus (69-79 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Galatia-Cappadocia, RPC II 1650, AR-Didrachm, Laureate head of Titus right, #1020p Vespasian with Titus (69-79 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Galatia-Cappadocia, RPC II 1650, AR-Didrachm, Laureate head of Titus right, #1
avers: AYTOKPA KAICAP OYЄCΠACIANOC CЄBACTOC, Laureate head of Vespasian right.
reverse: AYTO KAI OYЄCΠACIANOC CЄBACTOY YIOC, Laureate head of Titus right.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 19,0-20,0mm, weight: 6,73g, axis: 0h,
mint: City: Caesarea, Region: Cappadocia, Province: Galatia-Cappadocia,
date: 69-79 A.D.,
ref: RPC II 1650, Sydenham 102, Metcalf Conspectus 4, Ganschow 66b,
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036b03. TranquillinaBronze AE 24. Cappadocia, Caesarea (Kayseri, Turkey). 7.322g, 23.9mm. 243 - 244 A.D. Obv: CAB TPANKVΛΛINA AV (Sabinia Tranquillina Augusta), draped bust to right, wearing stephane. Rev: MHTP KAI B NE (Metropolis Caesarea, 2 neokoroi), six grain ears bound together, ET-Z (year 7 [of Gordian III]) across fields. RPC VII.2 3401. A FORUM coin.lawrence c
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049p Septimius Severus (193-211 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, SNG Righetti 1787, AR-Drachm, MHTP KAICA, Mount Argaeus, #1049p Septimius Severus (193-211 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, SNG Righetti 1787, AR-Drachm, MHTP KAICA, Mount Argaeus, #1
avers: AY KAI Λ CЄΠT CЄOYHΡOC, Laureate head right.
reverse: MHTP KAICA, Mount Argaeus surmounted by a star, date below ЄT IЄ (year 15, 207 A.D.),
exergue: -/-//ЄT IЄ, diameter: 17,0mm, weight: 2,95g, axis:0h,
mint: Cappadocia, Caesarea, date: (ЄT IЄ, year 15), 207 A.D.,
ref: Syd-400var.(?), SNG Righetti 1787; SNG Fitz 5464; Paris 548A; Ganschow 433d; Henseler 776.
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050p Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Syd 447var, AR-Drachm, MHTPO KAICAP NЄ, Mount Argaeus, #1050p Julia Domna (170-217 A.D.), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Syd 447var, AR-Drachm, MHTPO KAICAP NЄ, Mount Argaeus, #1
avers: IVΛIA AVΓVSTA AVΓ, Bust draped right.
reverse: MHTPO KAICAP NЄ, Mount Argaeus surmounted by a star, date below ЄT IH (year 18, 210 A.D.),
exergue: -/-//ЄT IH, diameter: 15,0-19,0mm, weight: 2,85g, axis:0h,
mint: Cappadocia, Caesarea, date: 210 A.D.,
ref: Syd 447var,
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064 - Septimius Severus Ar Drachm - Syd. -Obv:– AY KAI L CEPT CEOVHPOC, Laureate head right
Rev:– MHTPO KAICAPIACW, Male figure (Argaios(?)), laureate, draped seated left on Mount Argaeus, holding branch
Minted in Caesarea, Cappadocia. Year 17, ETIZ in exe. A.D. 209
Apparently unlisted in Sydenham, cf. Syd. #403, which is a matching didrachm of this type.maridvnvm
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073p Tranquilina (241-244 A.D., Augusta), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Syd. 618, AE-21, MHTR KAI B NЄ, Six-grain ears, #1073p Tranquilina (241-244 A.D., Augusta), Cappadocia, Caesarea, Syd. 618, AE-21, MHTR KAI B NЄ, Six-grain ears, #1
Wife of Emperor Gordian III.
avers: CAB TΡANKYΛΛINA AYΓ, Diademed and draped bust right.
reverse: MHTR KAI B NЄ, Six-grain ears bound together, ЄT-Z across the field.
exergue: ЄT/Z//--, diameter: 21,0mm, weight: 6,28g, axis:0h,
mint: Cappadocia, Caesarea, date: Year=7, 244 A.D., ref: Syd-618,
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138Antoninus Pius 138-61 AD
AE drachm
Alexandria
Year 17
Rev: Temple complex of Caesarea, mount Argaeus behind
Milne 2251mauseus
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1403a,1, Constantine I (the Great), 307-337 A.D.Constantine I (the Great), 307-337 A.D. Bronze AE 3, RIC 16, C -, VF, 2.854g, 19.1mm, 180o, Constantinople mint, 327 A.D. Obverse: CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, rosette diademed head right; Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS, Soldier standing left, head right, resting left hand on shield and holding inverted spear in right, G in left field, CONS in exergue; very rare (R3).
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403b, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.Constantine the Great, early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D., Bronze AE 3, RIC 137, VF, Constantinople mint, 1.476g, 16.4mm, 180o, 336 - 337 A.D. Obverse: CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS, two soldiers, each holding spear and shield on ground, flanking standard, CONS[ ] in exergue. Ex FORVM.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403c, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D.Bronze AE 3, RIC VII 35, choice aEF, Constantinople mint, 3.336g, 20.0mm, 180o, 328 A.D.; Obverse: CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, laurel and rosette diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: CONSTANTINI-ANA DAFNE, Victory seated left on cippus, head right, palm frond in each hand, trophy and captive before, CONS in exergue, B left; scarce. Ex FORVM.
"The information about Constantine's campaign across [the Danube] is obscure and untrustworthy. The question, therefore, of what he achieved by this enterprise was, and is, subject to contradictory interpretations. On the one hand, the Panegyrists claimed that he had repeated the triumphs of Trajan. On the other, his own nephew, Julian the Apostate, spoke for many when he expressed the view that this second 'conquest' of Dacia was incomplete and extremely brief . . . monetary commemoration was accorded to the building, at about the same time [AD 328], of the river frontier fortress of Constantiniana Dafne (Spantov, near Oltenita) . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix, 1998. 58-9).
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/Cleisthenes
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1403d, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Cyzicus)Constantine the Great, early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. Bronze AE 3, RIC 199, gVF, corrosion, Cyzicus, 1.402g, 16.2mm, 0o, 336 - 337 A.D. Obverse: CONSTANTI-NVS MAX AVG, laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: GLOR-IA EXERC-ITVS•, two soldiers, each holding spear and shield on ground, flanking standard, SMKA in exergue.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403e, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Heraclea)Constantine the Great, Bronze AE 3, RIC 69, VF, Heraclea, 3.38g, 19.0mm, 180o, 325 - 326 A.D. Obverse: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG, laureate head right; Reverse: D N CONSTANTINI MAX AVG, VOT XXX in wreath, SMHD in exergue.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403f, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Heraclea)Bronze follis, RIC 5, F/aF, 3.513g, 20.4mm, 180o, Heraclea mint, 313 A.D.; obverse IMP C FL VAL CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate head right; reverse IOVI CONSER-VATORI AVGG, Jupiter standing left holding Victory and scepter, eagle with wreath in beek at feet, B in right field, SMHT in exergue.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403g, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Nicomedia)Constantine the Great, early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. Bronze follis, RIC 12, aVF, Nicomedia mint, 2.760g, 22.0mm, 0o, 313 - 317 A.D. Obverse: IMP C FL VAL CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate head right; Reverse: IOVI CONS-ERVATORI, Jupiter standing left holding Victory on globe and scepter, eagle with wreath in beak left, G right, SMN in exergue; scarce.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403h, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Siscia)Bronze follis, RIC 232b, gVF, Siscia, 3.87g, 23.8mm, 180o, early 313 A.D. Obverse: IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate head right; Reverse: IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN, Jupiter standing left holding Victory on globe and scepter, eagle with wreath in beak left, E right, SIS in exergue.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403i, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Siscia)Silvered AE 3, RIC 214, VF, Siscia mint, 3.187g, 19.3mm, 0o, 328 - 329 A.D.
Obverse: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG, laureate head right; Reverse PROVIDEN-TIAE AVGG, campgate with two turrets, star above, ASIS and double crescent in exergue.
Flavius Valerius Constantinus, Constantine the Great, was the son of Helena and the First Tetrarchic ruler Constantius I. Constantine is most famous for his conversion to Christianity and the battle of the Milvian Bridge where he defeated emperor Maxentius. It is reputed that before the battle, he saw the words "In Hoc Signo Victor Eris" (By this sign you shall conquer) emblazoned on the sun around the Chi Rho, the symbol of Christianity. Other sources claim the vision came to Constantine I in a dream. The story continues that after placing this Christogram on the shields of his army, he defeated his opponent and thus ruled the empire through divine providence. Constantine I also shifted the capital of the empire to Constantinople, establishing the foundation for an Empire that would last another 1000 years. He died in 337 and his sons divided the Roman territories.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power, and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/ Cleisthenes
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1403j, Constantine I (the Great), early 307 - 22 May 337 A.D. (Thessalonica)Bronze AE 3, RIC 153, VF, Thessalonica mint, 2.955g, 19.7mm, 0o, 326 - 328 A.D. Obverse: CONSTAN-TINVS AVG, laureate head right; Reverse: PROVIDEN-TIAE AVGG, campgate with two turrets, star above, dot right, SMTSG in exergue.
Flavius Valerius Constantinus, Constantine the Great, was the son of Helena and the First Tetrarchic ruler Constantius I. Constantine is most famous for his conversion to Christianity and the battle of the Milvian Bridge where he defeated emperor Maxentius. It is reputed that before the battle, he saw the words "In Hoc Signo Victor Eris" (By this sign you shall conquer) emblazoned on the sun around the Chi Rho, the symbol of Christianity. Other sources claim the vision came to Constantine I in a dream. The story continues that after placing this Christogram on the shields of his army, he defeated his opponent and thus ruled the empire through divine providence. Constantine I also shifted the capital of the empire to Constantinople, establishing the foundation for an Empire that would last another 1000 years. He died in 337 and his sons divided the Roman territories.
The Emperor Constantine I was effectively the sole ruler of the Roman world between 324 and 337 A.D.; his reign was perhaps one of the most crucial of all the emperors in determining the future course of western civilization. By beginning the process of making Christianity the religious foundation of his realm, he set the religious course for the future of Europe which remains in place to this very day. Because he replaced Rome with Constantinople as the center of imperial power, he made it clear that the city of Rome was no longer the center of power, and he also set the stage for the Middle Ages. His philosophical view of monarchy, largely spelled out in some of the works of Eusebius of Caesarea, became the foundation for the concept of the divine right of kings which prevailed in Europe.
Constantine was not a "Christian convert" in any traditional sense. He was not baptized until close to death, and while that was not an uncommon practice, the mention of Christ in his speeches and decrees is conspicuous by its absence. Eusebius, Church historian and Constantine biographer, is responsible for much of the valorization of Constantine as the Christian Emperor. The somnambulant "sign" in which Constantine was to become victor at the Milvian Bridge is, not so surprisingly, revealed to posterity long after the "fact." Throughout his reign, Constantine continues to portray himself on coins as a sun god (Freeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean; Second Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 582). Above all, Constantine was a pragmatist. It would be cynical to egregiously disavow his commitment to Christianity, but it would be equally wrong to think that he would allow Christianity to meddle in the governance of his empire. As he reputedly told a group of bishops, "You are bishops of those within the church, but I am perhaps a bishop appointed by God of those outside." Whatever the motives for his decision to support Christianity, Christianity benefitted from the arrangement. So, too, did Constantine. It was a match made in heaven.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
For perhaps the best Constantine The Great site on the web, see Victor Clark's Constantine The Great Coins: http://www.constantinethegreatcoins.com/
Cleisthenes
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1701a, Saladin, 1169-1193AYYUBID: Saladin, 1169-1193, AR dirham (2.92g), Halab, AH580, A-788, lovely struck, well-centered & bold, Extremely Fine, Scarce.
His name in Arabic, in full, is SALAH AD-DIN YUSUF IBN AYYUB ("Righteousness of the Faith, Joseph, Son of Job"), also called AL-MALIK AN-NASIR SALAH AD-DIN YUSUF I (b. 1137/38, Tikrit, Mesopotamia--d. March 4, 1193, Damascus), Muslim sultan of Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and Palestine, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and the most famous of Muslim heroes.
In wars against the Christian crusaders, he achieved final success with the disciplined capture of Jerusalem (Oct. 2, 1187), ending its 88-year occupation by the Franks. The great Christian counterattack of the Third Crusade was then stalemated by Saladin's military genius.
Saladin was born into a prominent Kurdish family. On the night of his birth, his father, Najm ad-Din Ayyub, gathered his family and moved to Aleppo, there entering the service of 'Imad ad-Din Zangi ibn Aq Sonqur, the powerful Turkish governor in northern Syria. Growing up in Ba'lbek and Damascus, Saladin was apparently an undistinguished youth, with a greater taste for religious studies than military training.
His formal career began when he joined the staff of his uncle Asad ad-Din Shirkuh, an important military commander under the amir Nureddin, son and successor of Zangi. During three military expeditions led by Shirkuh into Egypt to prevent its falling to the Latin-Christian (Frankish) rulers of the states established by the First Crusade, a complex, three-way struggle developed between Amalric I, the Latin king of Jerusalem, Shawar, the powerful vizier of the Egyptian Fatimid caliph, and Shirkuh. After Shirkuh's death and after ordering Shawar's assassination, Saladin, in 1169 at the age of 31, was appointed both commander of the Syrian troops and vizier of Egypt.
His relatively quick rise to power must be attributed not only to the clannish nepotism of his Kurdish family but also to his own emerging talents. As vizier of Egypt, he received the title king (malik), although he was generally known as the sultan. Saladin's position was further enhanced when, in 1171, he abolished the Shi'i Fatimid caliphate, proclaimed a return to Sunnah in Egypt, and consequently became its sole ruler.
Although he remained for a time theoretically a vassal of Nureddin, that relationship ended with the Syrian emir's death in 1174. Using his rich agricultural possessions in Egypt as a financial base, Saladin soon moved into Syria with a small but strictly disciplined army to claim the regency on behalf of the young son of his former suzerain.
Soon, however, he abandoned this claim, and from 1174 until 1186 he zealously pursued a goal of uniting, under his own standard, all the Muslim territories of Syria, northern Mesopotamia, Palestine, and Egypt.
This he accomplished by skillful diplomacy backed when necessary by the swift and resolute use of military force. Gradually, his reputation grew as a generous and virtuous but firm ruler, devoid of pretense, licentiousness, and cruelty. In contrast to the bitter dissension and intense rivalry that had up to then hampered the Muslims in their resistance to the crusaders, Saladin's singleness of purpose induced them to rearm both physically and spiritually.
Saladin's every act was inspired by an intense and unwavering devotion to the idea of jihad ("holy war")-the Muslim equivalent of the Christian crusade. It was an essential part of his policy to encourage the growth and spread of Muslim religious institutions.
He courted its scholars and preachers, founded colleges and mosques for their use, and commissioned them to write edifying works especially on the jihad itself. Through moral regeneration, which was a genuine part of his own way of life, he tried to re-create in his own realm some of the same zeal and enthusiasm that had proved so valuable to the first generations of Muslims when, five centuries before, they had conquered half the known world.
Saladin also succeeded in turning the military balance of power in his favour-more by uniting and disciplining a great number of unruly forces than by employing new or improved military techniques. When at last, in 1187, he was able to throw his full strength into the struggle with the Latin crusader kingdoms, his armies were their equals. On July 4, 1187, aided by his own military good sense and by a phenomenal lack of it on the part of his enemy, Saladin trapped and destroyed in one blow an exhausted and thirst-crazed army of crusaders at Hattin, near Tiberias in northern Palestine.
So great were the losses in the ranks of the crusaders in this one battle that the Muslims were quickly able to overrun nearly the entire Kingdom of Jerusalem. Acre, Toron, Beirut, Sidon, Nazareth, Caesarea, Nabulus, Jaffa (Yafo), and Ascalon (Ashqelon) fell within three months.
But Saladin's crowning achievement and the most disastrous blow to the whole crusading movement came on Oct. 2, 1187, when Jerusalem, holy to both Muslim and Christian alike, surrendered to the Sultan's army after 88 years in the hands of the Franks. In stark contrast to the city's conquest by the Christians, when blood flowed freely during the barbaric slaughter of its inhabitants, the Muslim reconquest was marked by the civilized and courteous behaviour of Saladin and his troops. His sudden success, which in 1189 saw the crusaders reduced to the occupation of only three cities, was, however, marred by his failure to capture Tyre, an almost impregnable coastal fortress to which the scattered Christian survivors of the recent battles flocked. It was to be the rallying point of the Latin counterattack.
Most probably, Saladin did not anticipate the European reaction to his capture of Jerusalem, an event that deeply shocked the West and to which it responded with a new call for a crusade. In addition to many great nobles and famous knights, this crusade, the third, brought the kings of three countries into the struggle.
The magnitude of the Christian effort and the lasting impression it made on contemporaries gave the name of Saladin, as their gallant and chivalrous enemy, an added lustre that his military victories alone could never confer on him.
The Crusade itself was long and exhausting, and, despite the obvious, though at times impulsive, military genius of Richard I the Lion-Heart, it achieved almost nothing. Therein lies the greatest-but often unrecognized--achievement of Saladin. With tired and unwilling feudal levies, committed to fight only a limited season each year, his indomitable will enabled him to fight the greatest champions of Christendom to a draw. The crusaders retained little more than a precarious foothold on the Levantine coast, and when King Richard set sail from the Orient in October 1192, the battle was over.
Saladin withdrew to his capital at Damascus. Soon, the long campaigning seasons and the endless hours in the saddle caught up with him, and he died. While his relatives were already scrambling for pieces of the empire, his friends found that the most powerful and most generous ruler in the Muslim world had not left enough money to pay for his own grave.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
H.A.R. Gibb, "The Arabic Sources for the Life of Saladin," Speculum, 25:58-72 (1950). C.W. Wilson's English translation of one of the most important Arabic works, The Life of Saladin (1897), was reprinted in 1971. The best biography to date is Stanley Lane-Poole, Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, new ed. (1926, reprinted 1964), although it does not take account of all the sources.Cleisthenes
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2 Copper Boat NailsThese are nails found in a sunken ship from Caesarea, Israel. Aarmale
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22154 Antoninus Pius/ Mt Argaeus22154 Antoninus Pius/ Mt Argaeus
Antoninus Pius, AE22
Obv: AYT K ANTwNEINOC CEBACT,
laureate head right.
Rev: KAICAREWN T PR (ARGAIw) around, ET KB below,
Mount Argaios with a tall pyramidal top (baetyl?) on its summit.
Caesarea, Cappadocia
22mm 8.6g
cf Syd. 315-316; BMC 160 and SNG von Aulock 6428 (obv legend with CEBA only)
Coin listed on Wildwinds
Blayne W
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22182 Severus Alexander/Mt Argeous22182 Severus Alexander/Mt Argeous
Obv: AV K CEOV AΛEXANΔΡOC,
Laureate head right
Rev: MHTΡOΠ KAICAΡ,
Mt. Argaeus on a garlanded altar. surmounted by wreath, ETΔ in ex.
Mint: Caesarea, Cappadocia 27.6mm 13.3g
Sydenham 556
Blayne W
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3159 CAPPADOCIA, Caesarea. Hadrian 124 AD Sol on Mt ArgaeusReference.
Cohen -, cf. 457 (laureate and without aegis). Henseler -, cf. X29a var. (without aegis). RIC -. RPC III -, cf. 3158-9 (differing bust types). Sydenham -, cf. 290a (laureate and without aegis). An unpublished variety of a very rare type.
Issue Bronze with latin legends and Mount Argaeus as reverse design
Obv. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS
Radiate head of Hadrian to right, with aegis on his left shoulder.
Rev. COS III
Mount Argaeus surmounted by statue of Sol-Helios, radiate, holding globe in his right hand and long scepter with his left.
4.81 gr
19 mm
6h
Note.
From the Collection of Sir A. J. Evans, Ars Classica XVII, 3 October 1934, 1400.
While usually being attributed to Caesarea, the style of the very rare small bronzes of Hadrian with Latin legends showing the Mount Argaios is clearly that of Rome. It is generally believed that the Rome mint shipped its dies to the East in such cases to have the coins struck on the spot, but the fact that RPC records an obverse die match between an Argaios-semis and a regular Rome mint piece in Vienna with a modius on the reverse (RPC III 3159.3 resp. BMC p. 442*) strongly indicates that all semisses were struck in Rome. The emergence of a local motive on a Roman Imperial coin is, in any case, very unusual and the coins may have been struck to commemorate Hadrian's visit to Cappadocia in 124 or 130/1. okidoki
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69 TRANQUILLINA AD 241 - 244 Obv. ϹΑΒΙΝΙΑ ΤΡΑΝΚΥΛΛΙΝΑ ΑΥ
diademed and draped bust right
Rev. ΜΗΤΡΟ ΚΑΙϹΑ Β ΝƐ, ƐΤ Δ
view of Mount Argaeus
Ganschow 909b, Bland 1991a, 58, S 617aa corr., 3,514g , Cappadocia, City Caesarea, - Drachm -
Ex. Dr. Busso Peus Nachfolger, Auction 413 Lot 471 10/29/2014Priscus
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Antoninus Pius Mount ArgaeusAntoninus Pius, Caesarea, Cappadocia, 138 - 161 AD, 21mm, 7.7g, BMC p. 64, 160, Struck 150 - 151 AD
OBV: ANTWNEINOC CEBAC, laureate head right;
REV: KAICAPEΩN TΡAΓAIΩ, Mount Argaeus, with tall peak and conical top, ET KΔ in ex.
Caesarea in Cappadocia should not be confused with Caesarea Philippi or Caesarea Maritima, both in modern Israel
SRukke
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis and PerseusLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Rev.: [EΠI CTPA M]HNOΔ[ΩPOY B.], [IЄ]POKAI[CAPЄΩN] in exerque; nude hero (Perseus) standing right, seen from the back, Artemis standing left, holding bow, having quiver at shoulder; both clasping hands over lighted altar
AE, 38.14g, 36mm
for obverse, reverse and coin details click hereshanxi
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, stagLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Rev.: IЄPOKAICAPЄωN ЄΠI KAΠITωNOC, Artemis standing right, holding bow, stag standing right.
Æ, 18.1mm, 4.43g
for obverse, reverse and coin details click hereshanxi
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, stagLydia, Hierocaesareia
Rs.: ΙEΡOΚΑΙϹΑΡƐΩΝ, Artemis standing, r., drawing arrow from quiver at shoulder, holding bow; to r. at her feet, stag standing, r.
AE, 8.58g, 24 mm.
for obverse, reverse and coin details click hereshanxi
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, BigaLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Rev: IEPOKAICAPEΩN, Artemis driving biga of stags right, holding bow and drawing arrow from quiver on back.
Æ, 27.4mm, 8.67g
for obverse, reverse and coin details click hereshanxi
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, stagLydia, Hierocaesareia
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙϹΑΡΕΩΝ, Artemis in short chiton standing l. beside stag looking up to her, on whose neck she places her r. hand, holding bow in l.
for obverse, reverse and coin details click here
shanxi
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Artemis, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, TempleLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Rev. ЄΠ ΙΟ ΑΡΤЄΜΙΔΩΡΟV ΑΡΧ ΙЄΡΟΚΑΙϹΑΡЄΩΝ Tetrastyle temple set on base with three steps; within, statue of Artemis hurrying to right and shooting bow.
AE, 28 mm, 12.01 g, 6 h
for obverse, reverse and coin details click here
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Cappadocia, Caesarea, Lucius Verus Lucius Verus
Cappadocia, Caesarea
Obv.: ...OYHPOC CEB , laureate and draped bust right
Rev.: KAICAREWN T P ARGAIW ET G with lower case final W, bust of Tyche right
AE, 16.9mm, 3.93g
Ref.: missing from reference works
helvetica (Thank you again) wrote about this coin:
"All works describe those reverses with the head of Tyche as "wearing headdress in the form of Mount Argaeus surrounded by a turreted crown". The "Mount Argaeus" part is possibly the dark area on the coin shown here."
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Cappadocia, Caesarea, Marcus AureliusMarcus Aurelius
CAPPADOCIA, Caesarea
AR didrachm
Obv.: AYTOKP ANTωNEINOC CEB, laureate head of Marcus Aurelius right
Rev.: ΥΠΑTOC Γ, Mt. Argaeus, star above
Ar, 19,7mm, 6.6g
Ref.: Metcalf 130b. Sydenham 328shanxi
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Asia Minor, Cappadocia, Caesarea, Severus Alexander, Kalathos Severus Alexander
Cappadocia. Caesarea.
AE 19
Dated Year 7=AD 228/9
Obv.: AV K CЄOVH AΛЄZAN, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev.: MHTP KAICA, kalathos containing eight ears of corn, ET Z (date) below.
Æ, 19mm, 7,79g
Ref.: BMC Cappadocia, p.91, 333 var.
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierakome - Hierocaesarea, Apollo, quiver within wreathLydia, Hierakome - Hierokaisareia
Obv.: Laureate head of Apollo right
Rev.: ΙΕP monogram, bow and quiver within wreath
AE, 17mm, 3.85g
Ref.: IMHOOF LS page 11 #3 var (only one monogram), probably unpublished
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierakome - Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag Lydia, Hierakome - Hierokaisareia
Obv.: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with bow and quiver at l. shoulder, ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ below (only partially visible)
Rev.: ΙΕP monogram, forepart of stag kneeling right, ring of pearls with big pearls
AE, 5.80g, 18mm
Ref.: SNG v. Aul. 2951, GRPC Lydia 4shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierakome - Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag Lydia, Hierakome - Hierokaisareia
Obv.: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with bow and quiver at l. shoulder, ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ below
Rev.: ΙΕP monogram, forepart of stag kneeling right, ring of pearls with small pearls
AE, 6,73g, 21mm
Ref.: SNG v. Aul. 2951, GRPC Lydia 5shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierakome - Hierocaesarea, Male bust, ArtemisLydia, Hierakome (Hierokaisareia)
First half of the second century
Obv: Male head right, wearing tiara. (priest ?)
Rev.: ΙΕΡ monogram, Artemis kneeling on stag
AE, 4.94g, 18mm
Ref.: Klein 568; SNG Copenhagen 172, GRPC Lydia 2shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Agrippina Junior, Artemis right, stag Lydia. Hierocaesaraea
Agrippina Junior (Augusta, 50-59)
Bronze, AE 18
Obv.: AΓPIΠΠINAN ΘЄAN CЄBACTHN, draped bust right, hair in long plait down back of neck and looped at end
Rev: IЄPOKAICAPЄωN ЄΠI KAΠITωNOC, Artemis standing right, holding bow, stag standing right.
Æ, 18.1mm, 4.43g
Ref.: RPC I 2388, SNG von Aulock 2959, GRPC Lydia 72shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Agrippina Junior, Artemis, stagLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Agrippina Junior (Augusta, 50-59)
Bronze, AE 19
Obv.: AΓPIΠΠINAN ΘЄAN CЄBACTHN, draped bust right, hair in long plait down back of neck and looped at end, long loosely curled lock down side of neck;
Rev.: IЄPOKAICAPЄΩN ЄΠI KAΠITΩNOC, Artemis Persica standing facing, wearing long chiton, with right hand
drawing arrow from quiver on right shoulder, left hand on hip, stag at her side on left
AE, 5.93g, maximum diameter 18.8mm, die axis 0o
Ref.: RPC I 2387; BMC Lydia p. 106, 22, GRPC Lydia 69 (this coin)
Ex Pecunem, Gitbud & Naumann auction 34 (2 Aug 2015), lot 664
Ex Forvm Ancient Coins Shop (2016)
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Agrippina Junior, Artemis, two stagsLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Agrippina Junior (Augusta, 50-59)
Bronze, AE 17
Obv.: AΓPIΠΠINAN ΘЄAN CЄBACTHN, draped bust right, hair in long plait down back of neck and looped at end, long loosely curled lock down side of neck;
Rev.: IЄPOKAICAPЄΩN ЄΠI KAΠITΩNOC, Artemis Persica standing facing, wearing long chiton, with right hand
drawing arrow from quiver on right shoulder, left hand on hip, stag on either side
AE, 5.94g, 17mm
Ref.: RPC I 2386, GRPC Lydia -shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Antoninus Pius, River GodLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Antoninus Pius
Bronze, Æ 19
Obv: AV KAI T AIΛIOC ANTΩNЄINOC, Laureate head right.
Rev: ΓΛAVKOC IЄPOKAICAPЄΩN, River god Glaukos reclining left, holding reed and resting elbow upon overturned urn from which liquid flows.
Æ, 19mm, 5.13g
RPC IV.2 online 1264-9 (this coin), GRPC Lydia 81
Ex Numismatik Naumann, auction 53, Lot 474shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis with stag / stagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
First half of the second century
Obv.: Artemis in short chiton standing left beside stag looking up to her, on whose neck she places her r. hand, holding bow in left; the whole in laurel wreath with berries
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙ-СΑΡΕΩΝ clockwise, stag standing right
AE, 5.25g, 22mm
Ref.: RPC III 1867 var. (clockwise legend), BMC 15-6, GRPC Lydia 34 var. (same)shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis with stag / stag Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
First half of the second century
Obv.: Artemis in short chiton standing left beside stag looking up to her, on whose neck she places her r. hand, holding bow in left; the whole in laurel wreath with berries
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙС-ΑΡΕΩΝ, stag standing right
AE, 5.48g, 20mm
Ref.: RPC III 1867 var., (legend clockwise), GRPC Lydia 34 var. (same)
Ex Plankenhorn Collection
Ex Numismatik Naumann, auction 52, lot1025shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis with stag / stagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
First half of the second century
Obv.: Artemis in short chiton standing left beside stag looking up to her, on whose neck she places her r. hand, holding bow in left; the whole in laurel wreath with berries
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚ-ΑΙСΑΡΕΩΝ anti-clockwise, stag standing right
AE, 4.62g, 18mm
Ref.: RPC III 1867, BMC Lydia p.104, 15-6, GRPC Lydia 34shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, bullLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙ-ΚΗ , draped bust of Artemis Persica right, quiver at shoulder, holding bow at breast.
Rev.: IEPOKAI-CAPE-ΩN, bull standing right
AE, 3.17g, 15mm
Ref.: RPC 1861, GRPC Lydia 20shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altarLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, draped bust of Artemis Persica left, with quiver at left shoulder.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩΝ, lighted altar
AE, 2.33g, 14.5x16mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1858, GRPC Lydia 37
Ex Numismatik Naumannshanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with bow and quiver at l. shoulder.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, legend starting at 7 o'clock, lighted altar
AE, 2.74g, 15.6mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1855
Ex Numismatik Naumann shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, draped bust of Artemis Persica r., quiver over shoulder; bow and arrow to right.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, legend starting at 1 o'clock, lighted altar
AE, 2.24g, 15.1mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1856
Ex Numismatik Naumann shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, lighted altar
AE, 2.22g, 16mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1857 (this coin), GRPC Lydia 42 (this coin)
Ex Solidus Online-Auktion 12, 18 Feb. 2017, lot 239 shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar, anticlockwise legendLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver at l. shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, anticlockwise legend, lighted altar
AE, 3.07g, 15mm
Ref.: RPC online -shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar, anticlockwise legendLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver at l. shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, anticlockwise legend, garlanded and lighted altar
AE, 3.61g, 14mm
Ref.: RPC online -, GRPC Lydia 47shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar, anticlockwise legendLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver at l. shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, anticlockwise legend, garlanded and lighted altar
AE, 3g, 13mm
Ref.: RPC online -shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, altar, clockwise legendLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with bow and quiver at l. shoulder.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡΕΩN, legend staring at 7 o'clock, lighted altar
AE, 3.14g, 15mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1855
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, Artemis on stagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ЄΠI KAΠITΩNOC (clockwise), Draped bust of Artemis Persica right.
Rev: IЄPOKAICAPЄWN, Artemis kneeling on back of stag right and grasping it on its antlers.
Leaded AE, 3.21g, 14mm
Ref.: RPC I 2391, GRPC Lydia 9shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, Artemis on stagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ЄΠI KAΠITΩNOC (clockwise), Draped bust of Artemis Persica right with two hair buns
Rev: IЄPOKAICAPЄWN, Artemis kneeling on back of stag right and grasping it on its antlers.
Leaded AE, 3.63g, 16.3mm
Ref.: RPC I 2391 var.shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, boy, RPC III online 1859Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver at l. shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: IEPOKAICAPEΩN, boy standing facing, right hand raised.
AE, 3.43g, 17.2mm
Ref.: RPC III online 1859shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, boy, RPC III online 1860Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica r., with quiver and arrow at breast
Rev.: IEPOKAICAPEΩN, boy standing facing, right hand raised.
AE, 2.39g, 16.1mm
Ref.: RPC III online 1860shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, brockageLydia, Hierokaisareia
Brockage
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica right, with quiver at left shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: incuse image of the obverse
AE, 3.15g, 16mm
Ref.: possibly the obverse of RPC online, Volume 3, 1863shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica right, with quiver at left shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡ-ΕΩΝ, forepart of stag kneeling right
AE, 3.06g, 17x18.3mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1863shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
First half of the second century
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica right, with quiver at left shoulder, bow and arrow at breast
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙ-СΑΡΕΩΝ, forepart of stag kneeling right
AE, 2.99g, 17.4mm
Ref.: RPC online, Volume 3, 1863 var (legend division)shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag, EI monogramLydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
First century, Nero reign
Obv.: IЄPOKAICAPЄωN, draped bust of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder
Rev.: ЄΠΙ ΚΑΠΙΤωΝOC ΑΡΞΙΕΡЄωC, forepart of stag right, EI
AE, 3.06g, 16mm
Ref.: RPC online 2390A-2 = This coin
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag, IE monogram Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
First century
Obv.: IЄPOKAICAPЄωN, draped bust of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder
Rev.: ЄΠΙ ΚΑΠΙΤωΝOC ΑΡXΙΕΡЄωC, forepart of stag right, IE monogram above
AE, 3.35g, 15mm
Ref.: RPC I 2389shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag, IE monogramLydia, Hierocaesareia
Pseudo-autonomous. Time of Nero (54-68). Capito, high priest.
Obv: IЄPOKЄCAPЄωN, Draped bust of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder.
Rev: ЄΠΙ ΚΑΠΙΤωΝOC ΑΡΞΙЄΡЄωC / IE, Forepart of stag right.
AE, 19mm, 3.45g
Ref.: RPC I 2389; GRPC 12; BMC 2.
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, forepart of stag, without monogramLydia, Hierokaisareia
Anonymous issue
Time of Nero (54-68), Kapito, high priest.
Obv.: IЄPOKAICAPЄωN, draped bust of Artemis right, bow and quiver over shoulder
Rev.: ЄΠΙ ΚΑΠΙΤωΝOC ΑΡXΙΕΡЄωC, forepart of stag right
AE, 3.86g, 17 mm
Ref.: RPC I 2390
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, humped bull (Zebu)Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Obv: draped bust of Artemis Persica right, holding bow, quiver over shoulder
Rev.: IEPOKAICAPEΩN, humped bull (Zebu) standing right
AE, 3.95g, 16mm
Ref.: SNG von Aulock 2954, SNG Copenhagen 179, RPC III 1862 shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, humped bull (Zebu)Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
1st century AD
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ , draped bust of Artemis Persica right, quiver at shoulder, holding bow and arrow at breasr.,
Rev.: IEPOKAI-CAP-EΩN, humped bull (Zebu) standing right
AE, 2.72g, 15mm
Ref.: RPC III 1861shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, StagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, Draped bust of Artemis, bow and quiver over shoulder.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙCΑΡΕ-ΩN, Stag standing right.
AE, 2.38g, 15.3x16mm
Ref.: Imhoof-Blumer, LS p. 16, no. 23.
Ex Pecunem Gitbud&Naumann auction 26 auction, Lot 373
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, StagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙ-ΚΗ, Draped bust of Artemis, bow and quiver over shoulder.
Rev.: mirrored, ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙC-ΑΡΕΩN, Stag standing left.
AE, 3.1g, 17mm
Ref.: RPC III 1852, SNG Cop. 177shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, Stag Lydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: Draped bust of Artemis, bow in front, quiver over shoulder, no legend
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙCΑΡΕ-ΩN, Stag standing right.
AE, 3.50g, 15.6mm
Ref.: ?shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, StagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: ΠΕΡCΙΚΗ, Draped bust of Artemis left, quiver over shoulder.
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙCΑΡΕΩN, Stag standing left.
AE, 13mm, 2.74g.
Ref.: ISEGRIM-, RPC online-, GRPC Lydia 27shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Artemis, StagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
Obv: Draped bust of Artemis, bow in front, quiver over shoulder, no legend
Rev.: ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙCΑΡΕ-ΩN (Legend starting at 2 o'clock, clockwise), Stag standing right.
AE, 14 mm, 2.45g
Ref.: ?shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Bee, StagLydia, Hierokaisareia
Pseudo-autonomous issue
2nd century
Obv: Bee within wreath
Rev.: ΙЄΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡЄΩΝ, Stag standing left.
AE, 4.00g, 18mm
Ref.: RPC III 1868shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Artemis, bigaLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Commodus
Ail. Artemidoros, archon
Bronze, Æ 31
Obv: ΑVΤ ΚΑΙ Λ ΑVΡΗ ΚΟΜΜΟΔΟС, Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: ЄΠ ΑΙ ΑΡΤЄΜΙΔΩΡΟV ΑΡΧ ΙЄΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡЄΩΝ, Artemis driving biga of stags right, holding bow and drawing arrow from quiver on back.
Æ, 31.4mm, 12.56g
RPC IV.2 online 1272-7 (this coin), GRPC Lydia 100 (this coin)
Ex Numismatik Naumann, auction 44, Lot 617shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Artemis, biga Lydia. Hierocaesaraea
Commodus
Ail. Artemidoros, archon
Bronze, Æ 30
Obv: ΑVΤ ΚΑΙ Λ ΑVΡΗ ΚΟΜΜΟΔΟС, Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: ЄΠ ΑΙO ΑΡΤЄΜΙΔΩΡΟV ΑΡΧ ΙЄΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡЄ, Artemis driving biga of stags right, holding bow and drawing arrow from quiver on back. This example has a shorter reverse legend.
Æ, 30mm, 16.47g
RPC IV.2 online 1272-8 (this coin)
Ex Numismatik Naumann, auction 51, Lot 341shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Artemis, templeLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Commodus
Bronze, Æ 31
Obv: AVT KAI Λ AVPH KOMMOΔOC, Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: ЄΠ AI APTЄMIΔOPOV APX IЄPOKAICAPЄΩN, Tetrastyle temple, with pellet in pediment and containing Artemis standing right, drawing bow; behind, stag standing right
RPC IV.2, 11398 (temporary) [this coin]; GRPC Lydia 104 (this coin)
Ex Numismatik Naumann, auction 52, Lot 1030
Ex Plankenhorn Collection shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Artemis, templeLYDIA. Hierocaesaraea. Commodus, 177-192. Tetrassarion
A. Io. Artemidoros, first archon, circa 179-180
Obv: ΑYΤ ΚΑΙ Λ ΑYΡ ΚΟΜΜΟΔΟϹ, laureate-headed bust of Commodus (lightly bearded) wearing cuirass and paludamentum, r., seen from front
Rev. ЄΠ ΙΟ ΑΡΤЄΜΙΔΩΡΟV ΑΡΧ ΙЄΡΟΚΑΙϹΑΡЄΩΝ Tetrastyle temple set on base with three steps; within, statue of Artemis hurrying to right and shooting bow.
AE, 28 mm, 12.01 g, 6 h
Ref.: RPC IV.2 online 11399 (same dies). Apparently the second known example.
shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Homonoia Lydia. Hierocaesaraea
Commodus
Bronze, Æ 27
Obv: ΑVΤ ΚΑΙ Μ ΑVΡΗ ΚΟΜΜΟΔΟС, laureate-headed bust of Commodus wearing cuirass and paludamentum, right
Rev: ΙƐΡΟΚΑΙСΑΡƐΩΝ, Homonoia standin left, wearing kalathos, holding patera over lighted altar and cornucopia
Æ, 27mm, 9.09g
RPC IV online 1270 shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, PerseusLydia. Hierocaesaraea
Commodus
P. Sex. Philippos (archon for the second time)
Bronze, Æ 35
Obv.: ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ Λ ΑΥΡΗ ΚΟΜΜΟΔΟΣ, laureate-headed bust of Commodus (lightly bearded) wearing cuirass and paludamentum
Rev.: ΕΠΙ ΑΡΧ Π ΣΕΞ ΦΙΛΙΠΠ-ΟΥ Τ Β ΙΕΡΟΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΩΝ, hero (Perseus) advancing right, wearing military dress, holding harpa and ?
Æ, 35mm, 21.55g
Ref.. RPC online IV.2 № 1271-3 (this coin), GRPC Lydia 106 (this coin)
C. Fontana, RIN 69 (1967), 50, no. 13, pl. II.13
F. Kenner, Die Münzsammlung des Stiftes St. Florian (1871), p. 160, pl. V.17
Ex Gorny&Mosch auction 241, lot 1906shanxi
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Asia Minor, Lydia, Hierocaesarea, Commodus, Perseus Commodus
Lydia, Hierocaesarea
Obv: AVT KAI M AVPH KOMMOΔOC.
Laureate and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: ЄΠ AI APTЄMIΔΩPOV APX A IЄPOKAICAPЄΩN.
Perseus advancing right, holding harpa and severed head of Medusa
Æ, 35mm, 20.53g
Ref.: RPC IV.2 online 11397shanxi
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