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Denarius - 82 BC. - Mint moving with Sulla
L. MANLIVS TORQVATVS & L. CORNELIVS SVLLA - Gens Manlia & Cornelia
Obv.: Helmeted head of Roma right, PROQ behind; L MANLI T (T in horizontal position) before.
Rev.: Triumphator in quadriga right, crowned by flying Victory, L SVLLA IMP in ex.
Gs. 4,1 mm. 17,86x18,26
Crawf. 367/3, Sear RCV 287, Grueber II (East) 13
On the coins of this Sulla's issue, there is one of the best stylistic depictions of Rome's headMaxentius
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Parliament of 49 Owls24 Thompson old catalogue
13 Thompson middle catalogue
8 Thompson late catalogue of which 3 are post-Sullan
3 Imitations of which 1 "old catalogue" 1, "late catalogue" & 1 "post Sullan"
1 pseudo-Athenian New Style Thompson type ii Sullan "Lucullean" issuecicerokid
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(500a) Roman Republic, 119 BC, M. Furius Philius - Furia 18Roman Republic, 119 BC, M. Furius Philius - Furia 18. Crawford 281/1, Sydenham 529; 19mm, 3.23 grams. aVF, Rome; Obverse: laureate head of Janus, M FORVRI L F around; Reverse: Roma standing left erecting trophy, Galic arms around, PHLI in exergue. Ex Ephesus Numismatics.
Gauis Marius
As a novus homo, or new man, Marius found the rise in the Roman cursus honorum ( "course of honours"-- the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in the Roman Republic) a daunting challenge. It is certain that he used his old family client contacts and his military relations as a source of support. Among these contacts were the powerful Metelli family, and their early support was to prove to be a disaster for them. Just a few short years after his service as Quaestor, Marius was elected Tribune of the Plebes in 119 BC. In this position so soon after the political turmoil and murder of the Gracchi brothers (Gaius murdered 123 BC), Marius chose to follow the populares path, making a name for himself under similar auspices. As Tribune, he would ensure the animosity of the conservative faction of the Senate, and the Metelli, by passing popular laws forbidding the inspection of ballot boxes. In do doing, he directly opposed the powerful elite, who used ballot inspection as a way to intimidate voters in the citizen assembly elections.
Marius would go on to be elected Consul seven times and figure prominantly in the civil unrest of the early eighties as Lucius Cornelius Sulla's opponent. In 88 BC, Sulla had been elected Consul. There was now a choice before the Senate about which general to send to Asia (a potentially lucrative command): either Marius or Sulla. The Senate chose Sulla, but soon the Assembly appointed Marius. In this unsavory episode of low politics, Marius had been helped by the unscrupulous actions of Publius Sulpicius Rufus, whose debts Marius had promised to erase. Sulla refused to acknowledge the validity of the Assembly's action.
Sulla left Rome and traveled to "his"army waiting in Nola, the army the Senate had asked him to lead to Asia. Sulla urged his legions to defy the Assembly's orders and accept him as their rightful leader. Sulla was successful, and the legions murdered the representatives from the Assembly. Sulla then commanded six legions to march with him opon Rome and institute a civil war.
This was a momentous event, and was unforeseen by Marius, as no Roman army had ever marched upon Rome—it was forbidden by law and ancient tradition.
Sulla was to eventually rule Rome as Dictator. In his book Rubicon, historian Tom Holland argues that Sulla's actions had no lasting negative effect upon the health of the Republic, that Sulla was at heart a Republican. However, once a Roman general has defied Republican tradition, once a Roman general has used his command to combat fellow Romans, once a Roman general has set-up himself as Dictator--it follows that the decision to replicate these decsions (think: Caesar and Rubicon) is that much more easiely taken.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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(501i) Roman Republic, D. Junius L.f. Silanus, 91 B.C.Silver denarius, Syd 646a, RSC Junia 16, S 225 var, Cr 337/3 var, VF, 3.718g, 18.6mm, 0o, Rome mint, 91 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right in winged helmet, X (control letter) behind; reverse Victory in a biga right holding reins in both hands, V (control numeral) above, D•SILANVS / ROMA in ex; mint luster in recesses. Ex FORVM.
Although the coin itself does not commemorate the event, the date this coin was struck is historically significant.
MARCUS Livius DRUSUS (his father was the colleague of Gaius Gracchus in the tribuneship, 122 B.C.), became tribune of the people in 91 B.C. He was a thoroughgoing conservative, wealthy and generous, and a man of high integrity. With some of the more intelligent members of his party (such as Marcus Scaurus and L. Licinius Crassus the orator) he recognized the need of reform. At that time an agitation was going on for the transfer of the judicial functions from the equites to the senate; Drusus proposed as a compromise a measure which restored to the senate the office of judices, while its numbers were doubled by the admission of 300 equites. Further, a special commission was to be appointed to try and sentence all judices guilty of taking bribes.
The senate was hesitant; and the equites, whose occupation was threatened, offered the most violent opposition. In order, therefore, to catch the popular votes, Drusus proposed the establishment of colonies in Italy and Sicily, and an increased distribution of corn at a reduced rate. By help of these riders the bill was carried.
Drusus now sought a closer alliance with the Italians, promising them the long coveted boon of the Roman franchise. The senate broke out into open opposition. His laws were abrogated as informal, and each party armed its adherents for the civil struggle which was now inevitable. Drusus was stabbed one evening as he was returning home. His assassin was never discovered (http://62.1911encyclopedia.org/D/DR/DRUSUS_MARCUS_LIVIUS.htm).
The ensuing "Social War" (91-88 B.C.) would set the stage for the "Civil Wars" (88-87 & 82-81 B.C.) featuring, notably, Marius & Sulla; two men who would make significant impressions on the mind of a young Julius Caesar. Caesar would cross the Rubicon not thirty years later.
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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000a. L. Sulla and L. Manlius ToruatusL. Sulla and L. Manlius Torquatus. 82 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.89 g, 7h). Military mint moving with Sulla. Helmeted head of Roma right / Sulla driving triumphal quadriga right, holding branch and reins, being crowned by Victory flying left. Crawford 367/5; Sydenham 757 or 757a; Manlia 4 or 5. Near VF, toned, a few light scratches on the obverse.
From the Elwood Rafn Collection.
As consul for the year 88 BC, Sulla was awarded the coveted assignment of suppressing the revolt of Mithradates VI of Pontus, but political maneuvers resulted in this assignment being transferred to Marius. In response, Sulla turned his army on Rome, captured it, and reclaimed his command against Mithradates. His prosecution of the first Mithradatic War was successful, but he spared the Pontic king for personal gain. In 83 BC, Sulla returned to Italy as an outlaw, but he was able to win the support of many of the leading Romans. Within a year, he fought his way to Rome, where he was elected dictator. It was during this campaign to Rome that this denarius was struck. The obverse type represents Sulla's claim to be acting in Rome's best interest. The reverse shows Sulla enjoying the highest honor to which a Roman could aspire: the celebration of a triumph at Rome.ecoli
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0016 - Denarius Cornelia 56 BCObv/Head of Hercules r. in lion skin, SC and TAS in monogram behind, below winged paws.
Rev/Globe between jeweled wreath and three triumphal wreaths.
Ag, 19.9mm, 3.74g
Moneyer: Faustus Cornelius Sulla.
Mint: Rome.
RRC 426/4a [dies o/r: 33/37] - Syd. 882 - BMCRR 3912 - Cohen Cornelia 49 - Calicó 498 - RCV 385 - RSC Cornelia 61
ex-Kuenker, auction 124, lot 8390dafnis
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011. L. Cornelius Sulla.Denarius, 82-81 BC, probably minted in Greece.
Obverse: L MANLI T(sideways) PRO Q / Helmeted head of Roma.
Reverse: L SVLLA IM / Sulla in in quadriga, holding laurel branch, and being crowned by Victory.
3.85 gm., 17.5 mm.
Syd. #759; RSC #Manlia 7; Sear #287.Callimachus
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082 B.C., L. Manlius Torquatus, Republic AR-Denarius, Crawford-367-5, Rome, Victory, in quadriga right, #1082 B.C., L. Manlius Torquatus, Republic AR-Denarius, Crawford-367-5, Rome, Victory, in quadriga right, #1
avers: L•MANLI before, PRO.Q behind, helmeted Roma right.
reverse: Sulla, being crowned by Victory, in quadriga right, L•SVLLA•IM in exergue.
exergue: -/-//L•SVLLA•IM, diameter: 18,5-19mm, weight: 3,60g, axis: 10h,
mint: Rome, date: 082 B.C., ref: Crawford-367-5, Syd 757., Manlia 4,
Q-001quadrans
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0ab Lucius Cornelius Sulla FelixL Manlivs, moneyer
82-72 BC
Denarius
Head of Roma, right, MANLI before, PRO Q behind
Sulla in walking quadriga, crowned by Victory, L SVLLA IM in ex.
Seaby, Manlia 4
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (c. 138 BC – 78 BC) was a Roman general and conservative statesman. He had the distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as reviving the dictatorship. Sulla was awarded a grass crown, the most prestigious and rarest Roman military honor, during the Social War. He was the first man to lead an army to Rome to settle a political dispute, in this case with Marius. In late 81 BC, he stunned the world by resigning his near-absolute powers, restoring constitutional government. After seeing election to and holding a second consulship, he retired to private life and died shortly after.
As to the person, Plutarch wrote: LUCIUS Cornelius Sylla was descended of a patrician or noble family. . . . His general personal appearance may be known by his statues; only his blue, eyes, of themselves extremely keen and glaring, were rendered all the more forbidding and terrible by the complexion of his face, in which white was mixed with rough blotches of fiery red. . . . And when supreme master of all, he was often wont to muster together the most impudent players and stage-followers of the town, and to drink and bandy jests with them without regard to his age or the dignity of his place, and to the prejudice of important affairs that required his attention. When he was once at table, it was not in Sylla's nature to admit of anything that was serious, and whereas at other times he was a man of business and austere of countenance, he underwent all of a sudden, at his first entrance upon wine and good-fellowship, a total revolution, and was gentle and tractable with common singers and dancers, and ready to oblige any one that spoke with him. It seems to have been a sort of diseased result of this laxity that he was so prone to amorous pleasures, and yielded without resistance to any temptation of voluptuousness, from which even in his old age he could not refrain. He had a long attachment for Metrobius, a player. In his first amours, it happened that he made court to a common but rich lady, Nicopolis by name, and what by the air of his youth, and what by long intimacy, won so far on her affections, that she rather than he was the lover, and at her death she bequeathed him her whole property. He likewise inherited the estate of a step-mother who loved him as her own son. By these means he had pretty well advanced his fortunes. . . . In general he would seem to have been of a very irregular character, full of inconsistencies with himself much given to rapine, to prodigality yet more; in promoting or disgracing whom he pleased, alike unaccountable; cringing to those he stood in need of, and domineering over others who stood in need of him, so that it was hard to tell whether his nature had more in it of pride or of servility. As to his unequal distribution of punishments, as, for example, that upon slight grounds he would put to the torture, and again would bear patiently with the greatest wrongs; would readily forgive and he reconciled after the most heinous acts of enmity, and yet would visit small and inconsiderable offences with death and confiscation of goods; one might judge that in himself he was really of a violent and revengeful nature, which, however, he could qualify, upon reflection, for his interest.
Blindado
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1aa Reign of SVLLAL Manlivs, moneyer
82-72 BC
Denarius
Head of Roma, right, MANLI before, PRO Q behind
Sulla in walking quadriga, crowned by Victory, L SVLLA IM in ex.
Seaby, Manlia 4
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (c. 138 BC – 78 BC) was a Roman general and conservative statesman. He had the distinction of holding the office of consul twice, as well as reviving the dictatorship. Sulla was awarded a grass crown, the most prestigious and rarest Roman military honor, during the Social War. He was the first man to lead an army to Rome to settle a political dispute, in this case with Marius. In late 81 BC, he stunned the world by resigning his near-absolute powers, restoring constitutional government. After seeing election to and holding a second consulship, he retired to private life and died shortly after.
As to the person, Plutarch wrote: LUCIUS Cornelius Sylla was descended of a patrician or noble family. . . . His general personal appearance may be known by his statues; only his blue, eyes, of themselves extremely keen and glaring, were rendered all the more forbidding and terrible by the complexion of his face, in which white was mixed with rough blotches of fiery red. . . . And when supreme master of all, he was often wont to muster together the most impudent players and stage-followers of the town, and to drink and bandy jests with them without regard to his age or the dignity of his place, and to the prejudice of important affairs that required his attention. When he was once at table, it was not in Sylla's nature to admit of anything that was serious, and whereas at other times he was a man of business and austere of countenance, he underwent all of a sudden, at his first entrance upon wine and good-fellowship, a total revolution, and was gentle and tractable with common singers and dancers, and ready to oblige any one that spoke with him. It seems to have been a sort of diseased result of this laxity that he was so prone to amorous pleasures, and yielded without resistance to any temptation of voluptuousness, from which even in his old age he could not refrain. He had a long attachment for Metrobius, a player. In his first amours, it happened that he made court to a common but rich lady, Nicopolis by name, and what by the air of his youth, and what by long intimacy, won so far on her affections, that she rather than he was the lover, and at her death she bequeathed him her whole property. He likewise inherited the estate of a step-mother who loved him as her own son. By these means he had pretty well advanced his fortunes. . . . In general he would seem to have been of a very irregular character, full of inconsistencies with himself much given to rapine, to prodigality yet more; in promoting or disgracing whom he pleased, alike unaccountable; cringing to those he stood in need of, and domineering over others who stood in need of him, so that it was hard to tell whether his nature had more in it of pride or of servility. As to his unequal distribution of punishments, as, for example, that upon slight grounds he would put to the torture, and again would bear patiently with the greatest wrongs; would readily forgive and he reconciled after the most heinous acts of enmity, and yet would visit small and inconsiderable offences with death and confiscation of goods; one might judge that in himself he was really of a violent and revengeful nature, which, however, he could qualify, upon reflection, for his interest. Blindado
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1af Lepidus_2Quinarius
M LEP IMP, simpulum, aspergillum, axe (surmounted by wolf's head) & ape
M ANT IMP, lituus, capis (jug) and raven
Military mint with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus & Antony in Transalpine Gaul, 44-42 BC
Cr489/3, Syd 1158a
Lepidus was a member of the Second Triumvirate.
According to Plutarch's Life of Pompey: Sulla, however, was annoyed at seeing to what a height of reputation and power Pompey was advancing, but being ashamed to obstruct his career, he kept quiet. Only, when in spite of him and against his wishes Pompey made Lepidus consul, by canvassing for him and making the people zealously support him through their goodwill towards himself, seeing Pompey going off through the forum with a throng, Sulla said: "I see, young man, that you rejoice in your victory; and surely it was a generous and noble thing for Lepidus, the worst of men, to be proclaimed consul by a larger vote than Catulus, the best of men, because you influenced the people to take this course. Now, however, it is time for you to be wide awake and watchful of your interests; you have made your adversary stronger than yourself." But Sulla showed most clearly that he was not well-disposed to Pompey by the will which he wrote. For whereas he bequeathed gifts to other friends, and made some of them guardians of his son, he omitted all mention of Pompey. And yet Pompey bore this with great composure, and loyally, insomuch that when Lepidus and sundry others tried to prevent the body of Sulla from being buried in the Campus Martius, or even from receiving public burial honours, he came to the rescue, and gave to the interment alike honour and security.
Soon after the death of Sulla, his prophecies were fulfilled, and Lepidus tried to assume Sulla's powers. He took no circuitous route and used no pretence, but appeared at once in arms, stirring up anew and gathering about himself the remnants of faction, long enfeebled, which had escaped the hand of Sulla. His colleague, Catulus, to whom the incorrupt and sounder element in the senate and people attached themselves, was the great Roman of the time in the estimate set upon his wisdom and justice, but was thought better adapted for political than military leadership. The situation itself, therefore, demanded Pompey, who was not long in deciding what course to take. He took the side of the nobility, and was appointed commander of an army against Lepidus, who had already stirred up a large part of Italy and was employing Brutus to hold Cisalpine Gaul with an army.
Other opponents against whom Pompey came were easily mastered by him, but at Mutina, in Gaul, he lay a long while besieging Brutus. Meanwhile, Lepidus had made a hasty rush upon Rome, and sitting down before it, was demanding a second consulship, and terrifying the citizens with a vast throng of followers. But their fear was dissipated by a letter brought from Pompey, announcing that he had brought the war to a close without a battle. For Brutus, whether he himself betrayed his army, or whether his army changed sides and betrayed him, put himself in the hands of Pompey, and receiving an escort of horsemen, retired to a little town upon the Po. Here, after a single day had passed, he was slain by Geminius, who was sent by Pompey to do the deed. And Pompey was much blamed for this. For as soon as the army of Brutus changed sides, he wrote to the senate that Brutus had surrendered to him of his own accord; then he sent another letter denouncing the man after he had been put to death. The Brutus who, with Cassius, killed Caesar, was a son of this Brutus, a man who was like his father neither in his wars nor in his death, as is written in his Life. As for Lepidus, moreover, as soon as he was expelled from Italy, he made his way over to Sardinia. There he fell sick and died of despondency, which was due, as we are told, not to the loss of his cause, but to his coming accidentally upon a writing from which he discovered that his wife was an adulteress.Blindado
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202a. PlautillaVenus
The Roman goddess of love and beauty, but originally a vegetation goddess and patroness of gardens and vineyards. Later, under Greek influence, she was equated with Aphrodite and assumed many of her aspects. Her cult originated from Ardea and Lavinium in Latium. The oldest temple known of Venus dates back to 293 BCE, and was inaugurated on August 18. Later, on this date the Vinalia Rustica was observed. A second festival, that of the Veneralia, was celebrated on April 1 in honor of Venus Verticordia, who later became the protector against vice. Her temple was built in 114 BCE. After the Roman defeat near Lake Trasum in 215 BCE, a temple was built on the Capitol for Venus Erycina. This temple was officially opened on April 23, and a festival, the Vinalia Priora, was instituted to celebrate the occasion.
Venus is the daughter of Jupiter, and some of her lovers include Mars and Vulcan, modeled on the affairs of Aphrodite. Venus' importance rose, and that of her cult, through the influence of several Roman political leaders. The dictator Sulla made her his patroness, and both Julius Caesar and the emperor Augustus named her the ancestor of their (Julian) family: the 'gens Julia' was Aeneas, son of Venus and the mortal Anchises. Ceasar introduced the cult of Venus Genetrix, the goddess of motherhood and marriage, and built a temple for her in 46 BCE. She was also honored in the temple of Mars Ultor. The last great temple of Venus was built by the emperor Hadrianus near the Colusseum in 135 CE.
Roman statues and portraits of Venus are usually identical to the Greek representations of Aphrodite.
AR Denarius. PLAVTILLA AVGVSTA, draped bust right / VENVS VICTRIX, Venus standing left holding apple & palm, leaning on shield, Cupid at her feet. RSC 25.
ecoli
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364/1d Q. Antonius BalbusQ. Antonius Balbus. Ar Serrate Denarius. Rome Mint. 83-82 BC. (3,89 g) Obv: Laureate head of Jupiter right; S•C behind. Rev: Victory in quadriga right; H below; in exergue, Q·ANTO·BALB / PR.
Syd 742 b; Bab. 1; BMC 2757; Crawford 364/1d
Antonius Balbus was a member of the Marian party, and in 82 BC was appointed praetor in Sardinia. Before leaving for Sardinia, this issue was struck by order of the Senate which was dominated by members of the Marian party to pay the army preparing to resist the return of Sulla. The reverse imagery reflects the expectations of Q. Antonius Balbus. Sulla was victorius, and in 82 BC, Q. Antonius Balbus was removed from from his seat as praetor by L. Philippus and slain.Paddy
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367/5 L. Manlius Torquatus.L. Manlius Torquatus. AR Denarius. 82 BC. Military mint moving with Sulla. Obv: L·MANLI -I – PRO Q. Helmeted head of Roma right. Rev: Sulla driving triumphal quadriga right, crowned by Victory flying left; in exergue, L·SVLLA·IMP.
Syd 757; Manlia 4;Crawford 367/5
I had no idea that this was related to Sulla when I bought it. I do now. Military mint!
As consul for the year 88 BC, Sulla was awarded the coveted assignment of suppressing the revolt of Mithradates VI of Pontus, but political maneuvers resulted in this assignment being transferred to Marius. In response, Sulla turned his army on Rome, captured it, and reclaimed his command against Mithradates. His prosecution of the first Mithradatic War was successful, but he spared the Pontic king for personal gain. In 83 BC, Sulla returned to Italy as an outlaw, but he was able to win the support of many of the leading Romans. Within a year he fought his way to Rome, where he was elected dictator. It was during this campaign to Rome that this (....) was struck. The obverse type represents Sulla's claim to be acting in Rome's best interest. The reverse shows Sulla enjoying the highest honor to which a Roman could aspire, the celebration of a triumph at Rome.
Paddy
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421/1. Nonia - denarius (59 BC)AR Denarius (Rome, 59 BC)
O/ Head of Saturn right, head of a harpoon and conical stone behind; S C upwards behind; SVFENAS downwards before.
R/ Roma seated left on a pile of trophies, holding sceptre and sword, crowned by Victory standing behind; PR L V P F around; SEX NONI in exergue.
3.90g; 19mm
Crawford 421/1 (56 obverse dies/62 reverse dies)
- Collection of Walter Friedrich Stoecklin, Amriswil, Switzerland, before 1975. W. F. Stoecklin was the second member of a dynasty of coin collectors based in Switzerland.
- Obolos 9, lot 77.
* Marcus Nonius Sex.f. Sufenas:
Sufenas belonged to the plebeian gens Nonia, a relatively new gens at this time. He was the son of son of Sextus Nonius Sufenas, who had played a crucial part in 86 BC by leading the defection to Sulla among Fimbria's troops during the Civil War. Sulla then rewarded him with a praetorship in 81 BC. In turn, Sextus organised the first Victory games celebrating his patron (the Ludi Victoriae Sullanae), as explained on the reverse (Sextus Nonius praetor ludos Victoriae primus fecit).
Marcus Sufenas' career relied on the patronage of Pompey, whom he devotedly served. In 56 he was Tribune of the Plebs, and with the famous Publius Clodius Pulcher, Gaius Porcius Cato, and Lucius Procilius, they sabotaged the consular elections in order to force the choice of Pompey and Crassus as Consuls for 55 (Cassius Dio, Roman History, xxxix. 27-33). Pompey then used his influence to acquit Sufenas (Cicero, Atticus, iv. 15).
Since he was governor of Macedonia or Cyrenaica in 51 (Cicero, Atticus, vi. 1 & viii. 15), Broughton conjectured that he had been Praetor in 52. He was still in his province by 49, so he probably helped Pompey after his flight from Italy. Plutarch mentions him just before the Battle of Pharsalus (Life of Cicero, 38). As he disappears from ancient sources after this, he might have died during the battle.Joss
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44 BC Julius Caesar Lifetime Portrait denariusCAESAR DICT PERPETVO
laureate head of Julius Caesar right
L BVCA
Venus seated right holding Victory on extended right hand, transverse scepter in left
Struck Feb - Mar 14th, 44 BC.
3.58g
RCV 1410, RSC 24.
Venus seated' only appears on this one type of Caesar's 'lifetime' issues, on the remainder she is standing.
Lucius Aemilius Buca was a distant relative of the dictator Sulla. This coin was struck within a month of Caesar's murder.
Ex-Incitatus, Ex-CNG Electronic Auction 223, lot 393Jay GT4
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50 Parliament of OwlsFrom c 164 BC to 82 BC, The Athenian New Style silver coinage of tetradrachms.
Includes 3 imitations and 1 pseudo-Athenian New Style coin of Marcus Lucullus treasurer and moneyer of L C Sulla. How can anyone say they are not interesting beats me.cicerokid
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5568 EGYPT, Alexandria. Hadrian Tetradrachm 125-26 AD Mars, wearing crested Corinthian helmetReference.
RPC III, 5568; D1271 = Staffieri; Emmett 810.10
Issue L ΔΕΚΑΤΟΥ= year 10
Obv. ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ - ΤΡΑΙ ΑΔΡΙΑ СƐΒ
Laureate draped and cuirassed bust of Hadrian, r., seen from rear
Rev. L ΔΕΚΑΤΟΥ
Helmeted half-length nude bust left of Mars (Ares), seen from behind, wearing crested Corinthian helmet
12.87 gr
25 mm
12h
Note.
From the Giovanni Maria Staffieri Collection. Ex Münz Zentrum 29 (27 April 1977), lot 126; Giovanni Dattari Collection, no. 1271.
In the aforementioned article by Giovanni, he compares the reverse of this coin to the statue found at Hadrian’s villa (Fig. 7 in his article).
See G.M. Staffieri, ‘Sulla testimonianza di un Ares policleteo nella monetazione imperiale alessandrina’, NAC 22 (1993), pp. 187-99, where the design is compared to the statue found at Hadrian’s villa.okidoki
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56 BC Faustus Cornelius Sulla Laur. diad. and draped bust of Venus right, sceptre over shoulder SC behind
Three trophies between jub and lituus, monogram FAVSTVS in ex.
RRC 426/3
Sear 386
SOLD!
The three trophies were engraved on the signet ring of Pompey the Great symbolizing his victories on three continents. Faustus was the son of Lucius Cornelius Sulla and son-in-law of Pompey the Great.Jay GT4
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6145 EGYPT, Alexandria. Hadrian Drachm 136-37 AD Monumental AltarReference.
RPC III, 6145; Dattari 1892; Emmett 910.21; Milne 1554
Issue L KA = year 21
Obv. ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙС ΤΡΑΙΑΝ - ΑΔΡΙΑΝΟС СƐΒ
laureate draped and cuirassed bust of Hadrian, r., seen from rear
Rev, L ΚΑ
Monumental altar (of Caesareum) with six columns, surmounted with pyre, enclosing Eusebeia (?) in centre
23.40 gr
33 mm
12h
Note RPC.
Often described as altar of Agathodaemon (K; Bakhoum; Vogt, pp. 106-9; S. Handler, AJA 75 (1971), pp. 68-9); BMC said ‘enclosing statue of goddess facing; on her head, disc. (Altar of Caesareum).’ D just said: ‘Altare. Peristylium con sei colonne d’ordine Corintio, tra quelle di centro un personaggio in piede a s.; versa incense sopra altare. Sulla sommità una pyra e su ciascuna cantonata un aplustrum; le cantonate alle base hanno un ordine indecifrabile.’ Only clue is the aplustres. Some varieties have little altars between the columns (D1894). There are some round objects hanging up among the columns (e.g. D1894, Boston). The bases of the structure at l. and r. are in the form of the upper part of a human body. The same structure, with and without the central figure, also occurs on Antonine coins, which are often much better preserved than the Hadrianic pieces: see RPC IV online. J. McKenzie, The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt (Yale, 2007), p. 187 describes it as a ‘distinctive but unidentified structure’, rejecting as unsatisfactory the identifications as the monumental altars in the Caesareum, the altar of Agathos Daimon or the altar of Alexander.okidoki
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82-80 BC C. Servilius Vatia Restoration Laureate head of Apollo right; lituus and B behind, mark of value below chin (XVI monogram)
Battle between two mounted horsemen, the one on the left armed with a sword, the other with spear, his shield inscribed M
C SERVEIL
Restored Issue 82-80 BC.
Original being of C. Servilius 127 BC
3.48g
Crawford 370/1b; Sydenham 720; Servilia 7
Scarce
ex-Canadian Coin
This is the Wildwinds example!
David Sear's Millennial addition comments:
"This type represents a remarkable revival of the issues of the monetary triumvirate which had held office approximately 45 years earlier though with the substitution of Apollo for the Roma head on the obverse. As well as being complimentary to several of Sulla's most prominent supporters Crawford suggests that their true purpose was to enable Sulla to issue a civil coinage without appointing a new triumvirate of moneyers for 82 BC or, alternatively, to celebrate the restoration of the Republic in 80."Jay GT4
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88 BC - In Celebration of the Slaughter of 80,000 Romans in Asia Minor Ionia, Smyrna, 88-85 BC, AE 25
Diademed head of Mithradates VI of Pontos right.
ZMYPNAIΩN right, EPMOΓENHΣ/ΦPIΞOΣ to left of Nike standing right, palm frond over one shoulder while crowning the city’s ethnic with wreath.
Milne, Autonomous Smyrna 340; Callataÿ pl. LI, P-Q; SNG Copenhagen 1206.
(25 mm, 14.86 g, 12h)
This coin was struck in the First Mithradatic War, at a time when Mithradates VI had all but expelled the Romans from Asia Minor. A civic issue from Smyrna, it was an overt statement of the city’s support for Mithradates in his campaign against Rome as well as a celebration of Mithradates success in freeing most of Asia Minor from the Roman yoke. The issue probably commenced shortly after Mithradates had organised the murder of 80,000 Roman citizens in a single night across the cities of Asia Minor in the Spring of 88 BC. The issue was short lived, as the tide of military fortune quickly turned against Mithradates when he had to face Sulla. Ultimately, he was forced to negotiate a truce (the Treaty of Dardanos) with the Romans in 85 BC, bringing Asia Minor firmly back into the Roman Empire. This brought this coinage to an end. However, the peace was short lived and hostilities between Rome and Mithradates resumed two years later, continuing intermittently for the next twenty years until Mithradates death in 66 BC following a succession of military defeats at the hands of Pompey the Great.
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A parliament of 44 Owls40 official issues
3 Imitations
1 pseudo-Athenian
Basically from the beginning to the end with the Sullan pseudo -Athenian ethnicless New Style imitation which has the monogram of Marcus Lucullus, Quaestor in Greek.cicerokid
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Akarnania, Leukas, 87 BC, AR DidrachmCult statue of the goddess Aphrodite Aeneias with stag standing right, holding aplustre, bird on standard behind; all within a laurel wreath.
ΛΕΥΚΑΔΙΩΝ ΦΙΛΑΝΔΡΟΣ (Leukadion Philandros) above prow of galley right.
de Callataÿ Didrachms of Leukas 195-212 dies O31/R2; BCD Akarnania 313-314; BMC 180, 101-103; Postolokas, Lambros 67, 688 var.
(23 mm, 7.90 g, 11h)
Forestier & Lambert.
Based on the study of de Callataÿ, Didrachms of Leukas, this coin was struck in the summer and autumn of 87 BC as a contribution to Sulla’s campaign against Mithrades Eupator. De Callataÿ connected it with the encampment of Sulla’s troops at Leukas that year and argued that the coinage is a pseudo-civic Greek coinage issued by and for for the Romans. This is reflected in the reverse iconography where the galley prow is distinctively Roman, identifieable as such by the wolf head on the prow, above the ram, a decorative element unknown on Greek vessels.
This coin was struck when the Hellenistic age was in advanced decline, succumbing to the expansionary drive of Rome. The coins of this issue were often struck from relatively crude dies in an advanced state of wear. Yet they retain a charm and aesthetic that in some sense seems to speak of the last gasps of a dying Hellenistic age. The obverse image is thought to depict the cult statue of Aphrodite Aeneias, whose sanctuary was situated near the town of Leukas, overlooking the shipping canal that separated the island from the mainland. n.igma
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 83/2 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
29 mm 16.82 gm Thompson issue 82 Thompson catalogue:ll69a
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark Θ control ΔI below
2 magistrates : ARCHITIMOS DEMETRI
RF symbol : Isis
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 82/1 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
29 mm 16.82 gm Thompson issue 83 Thompson catalogue: Obs 1183 Rev: not in plates/ NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark K control ΔI below
2 magistrates : LYSANDROS OINOPHILOS
RF symbol : Poppy Head between 2 Grain Ears
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm c 47 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet with tr-partite earings
27mm 17.04gm Thompson (new) issue 105
Thompson catalogue: Obs: I260 Rev:NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora on
which month mark A: control ΣΩ below
2 magistrates : DIOKLES TO DEY MEDEIOS
RF symbol : Hygieia
All within a surrounding olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens, Mithradatic War Issue, 87-86 B.C."In 87 B.C., Mithridates moved his forces into Greece and established Aristion as a tyrant in Athens. Sulla landed in Epirus and marched through Boeotia into Attica. Most cities declared their allegiance to Rome, foremost among them Thebes. Athens, however, remained loyal to Mithridates. After a long and brutal siege, Sulla's rough battle hardened legions, veterans of the Social War, took Athens on the Kalends of March 86 B.C. They looted and burned temples and structures built in the city by various Hellenistic kings to honor themselves and gain prestige. Months later, only after they ran out of water, Aristion surrendered the Akropolis. Athens was looted and punished severely. Roman vengeance ensured Greece would remain docile during later civil wars and Mithridatic wars."
Bronze chalkous, SNG Cop 307, BMC Attica p. 81, 554; Kroll 97; Svoronos Athens pl. 84, 45 - 48, F, thick flan, 9.775g, 19.7mm, 45o, Athens mint, Mithradates VI of Pontos & Aristion, 87 - 86 B.C.; obverse head of Athena right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet; reverse Zeus advancing right, nude, hurling thunderbolt with right, left extended, A/Q-E flanking below arms, star between two crescents (one above and one below) in lower right field;Platon
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, AmphitheatreThe Amphitheatre at Caerleon is the best preserved in Britain. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. Isca is still used today and has been mutated into Usk, which is the name of a town and river in the local area.maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, AmphitheatreThe Amphitheatre at Caerleon is the best preserved in Britain. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, AmphitheatreThe Amphitheatre at Caerleon is the best preserved in Britain. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, AmphitheatreThe Amphitheatre at Caerleon is the best preserved in Britain. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, AmphitheatreThe Amphitheatre at Caerleon is the best preserved in Britain. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, Inscription to Gaius Valerius Victor - Standard BearerA plaque with inscription found at Caerleon. Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300.
D M
G VALERIVS G F
GALERIA VICTOR
LVGDVNI SIG LEG II AVG
STIP XVII ANNOR XLV CV
RAI AGENT ANNIO PERPETVO H
DIS MANIBVS
GAIVS VALERIVS GAI FILLVS
GALERIA (TRIBV) VICTOR
LVGDVNI SIGNIFER LEGIONIS II AVGVSTAE
STRIPENDIORVM XVII ANNORVM XLV CV-
RAIM AGENTE ANNIO PERPETVO HEREDE
"To the spirits of the departed; Gaius Valerius Victor, son of Gaius, of the Galerian voting tribe, from Lugdunum, standard-bearer of the Second Augustan Legion, of 17 years; service, Aged 45, set up under the charge of Annius Perpetuus, his heir."maridvnvm
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Britain, Caerleon, Isca Silurum, Wall SectionA section of interior wall found at Caerleon and decorated to attempt to illustrate how it may have looked.
Caerleon, (known as Isca Sulla to the Romans) was founded by Vespasian and was the headquarters for Legio II Augusta from about A.D. 75 to A.D. 300. maridvnvm
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C. Considius Nonianus - AR denariusRome
²c. 60 BC / ¹56 BC
laureate draped bust of Venus Erycina right, wearing stephane
C·CONSIDI·NONIANI__S·C
tetrastyle temple of Venus Erycina on the top of mount Eryx, Porta Collina (place of Sulla's great victory)*
ERVC
¹Crawford 424/1, Sydenham 888, RSC I Considia 1b
²Mark Passehl - Roman moneyer & coin type chronology, 150 – 50 BC
3,6g 17mm
ex Lucernae
scarce
*The temple of Venus Erycina on the top of mountain in the west of Sicily should had been founded by Aeneas and historian Polybios described it as the greatest and most splendid of all sacred places of Sicily. Venus Erycina was patroness of sex and protector of prostitutes.
Chosen designe of coin indicates moneyer's loyalty to Pompey who competed for Venus' favour with Caesar. Pompey claimed he inherited Venus' favour from Sulla who worshipped this goddes. According Harlan temple is only structure in the background whereas in the foreground there is Colline Gate, place of Sulla's famous victory. Roman temple of Venus Erycina stood at Quirinal near Colline Gate.J. B.
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C. Marcius Censorinus Denarius, 88 BCE (Craw. 346/2b)Roman Republic. C. Marcius Censorinus AR Denarius, 88 BCE
Obv: Diademed head of Apollo right. Rev: Horse galloping right, C•CENSORI below, CX above; serpent entwined staff in exergue.
References: Crawford 346/2b; RSC Marcia 19; Sydenham 714; ANS 1947.2.85 (same dies; LINK); British Museum 1843,0116.775 (same dies; LINK).
Provenance/Publication: Internet purchase (c. 2001-15?) by CSJ for JJ Collection; this coin illustrated in ANS RRDP Richard Schaefer Binder 11 (300-399), p. 358, Col. 4, Row 2 (Die-pair 64?): LINK, with note, "LONG ISLAND NOV10."
Coin-in-hand video: LINK
Hist Notes: Censorinus was among the “last men standing” in Sulla's Civil War, captured after the decisive Battle of the Colline Gate (Kalends of Nov. 82). Sulla sent his severed head to the remaining Marian army, which promptly deserted Marius the Younger, who then committed suicide.Curtis JJ
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C. Marius C.f. Capito, DenariusC. Marius C.f. Capito
RRC 378/1a
81 bc
Av: Draped bust of Ceres right, head bound with corn-wreath; behind, CAPIT. LV; below chin, star.
Rv: Ploughman with a yoke of oxen left; above, LV; in exergue, C. MARI. C.F/SC.
This Marius - certainly not THE Marius nor anyone closely connected - minted during the dictatorship of Sulla.
The design may well show the founding of a colony.
Ex ArtemideAste, Antiquities 4, 19/20.03.2016, # 105Norbert
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C. Naevius Balbus DenariusAR Serrate Denarius: 18mm, 3.85 grams, Die axis: 6h
Moneyer: C. Naevius Balbus, circa 79 BCE
Obverse: Diademed head of Venus to right, H below chin, SC behind neck.
Reverse: Victory in triga to right, C.NAE BALB monogram in exergue.
Mint: Rome
References: Crawford 382/1a
Notes:
- The purpose of the serrated edge on 1st century BCE denarii is not agreed upon. One hypothesis in that it was an attempt to thwart clipping; another to prove that the coin did not contain a copper core.
- The ancestor of C. Naeveius Balbus, also of the same name, wrote the earliest known Latin epic poem. It was a versed history of the first Punic War, 264 to 241 BCE.
- 79 BCE was the year Sulla resigned his dictatorship and returned to his country estate. He died a year later.
Ex Classical Numismatics Group eAuction 121 (2005), lot 170.Pharsalos
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C. Norbanus - AR denarius²Sicily / ¹Rome
²85-84 BC / ¹83 BC
diademed head of Venus right, wearing single drop earring and pearl necklace
CLIII
C·NORBANVS
grain ear, fasces and caduceus
¹Crawford 357/1b, RSC I Norbana 2, Sydenham 739, BMCRR I Rome 2810, SRCV I 278
²Mark Passehl - Roman moneyer & coin type chronology, 150 – 50 BC
3,9g 18,5
ex Aurea
Moneyer's family came from Volscian town Norba.
Reverse commemorates activity of elder C. Norbanus, moneyer's father, during the Social War, when he raised troops, organized a fleet, and provisioned the town of Rhegium. He, as a consul, led popular forces and was defeated by Sulla in 83 BC.J. B.
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Campania, Phistelia, BMC 4/6Campania, Phistelia, 325-275 BC
AR - Obol, 0.51g, 11.22mm, 270°
obv. Head oy young male slightly r.
rev. Barley-grain, above Dolphin r., below mussel
below legend in Oscan FISTVLIS (read from inward from r. to l.)
ref. BMC I, p.12, 4/6; Sambon p.332, 831; Sear 336; Camapana, agg. Fistelia 4a; HN Italy 613
scarce, about EF, toned
Phistelia was one of the Samnite cities destroyed by Sulla and is today only known by its coins. Because of the dolphins and mussels depicted on its coins it is suggested that it was situated near the sea. Jochen
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Campania, Phistelia, SNG France 1134Phistelia, c. 325-275 BC
AG - Obol, 0.61g, max. 10.5mm, 180°
obv. Female head facing, slightly l.
rev. Lion with raised tail walking l.
in ex. snake in one coil l.
ref. SNG ANS 584; SNG France 1134; Rutter p.180, Group IV; HN Italy 619
VF, toned, small flan crack at 4 o'clock, some scratches
Pedigree:
ex CNG Sale XXI (9./10. 9. 1994), Lot 21
ex coll. David Herman
ex CNG e-auction (20. 9. 06), Lot 93
ex coll. Jyrki Muona
From Forum Ancient Coins, thanks!
Phistelia was apparently among those Samnite cities which were destroyed by Sulla and vanished. At present it is known only by its coins.Jochen
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Campgate: Costantino I, AE3, zecca Cyzicus, II officinaCostantino I, zecca di Cyzicus, II officina
AE, 3.222g, maximum diameter 18.3mm, 0°
D/ CONSTAN TINVS AVG, testa laureata a dx
R/ PROVIDENTIAE AVGG, campgate con due torrette, stella sopra, SMKB• in ex
RIC VII 34b, LRBC 1171
Nota: acquisita come "unattributed" e identificata sulla sezione italiana del Forum FAC
Provenienza: collezione Berardengo, Roma Italia (5 dicembre 2012, numero catalogo 168), ex FAC (Morehead City NC, Usa, fino al 2012)
paolo
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CarinusFelicitas was the goddess or personification of good luck and success. She played an important role in Rome's state religion during the empire, and was frequently portrayed on coins. She was very closely associated with the imperial family.
Felicitas was unknown before the mid-2nd century BC, when a temple was dedicated to her in the Velabrum in the Campus Martius by Lucius Licinius Lucullus, using booty from his 151–150 BC campaign in Spain. The temple was destroyed by a fire during the reign of Claudius and was never rebuilt.
Another temple in Rome was planned by Julius Caesar and was erected after his death by Marcus Aemilius Lepidus on the site of the Curia Hostilia, which had been restored by Lucius Cornelius Sulla but demolished by Caesar in 44 BC. This temple no longer existed by the time of Hadrian, and its site probably lies under the church of Saints Luca and Martina.
The word felicitas, "luck", is also the source of the word and name felicity.
Carinus Billon Antoninianus. IMP CARINVS P F AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right / FELICIT PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left with cauduceus, leaning on column, TXXI in ex. RIC 295, Cohen 24.
ecoli
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CiliciaCilicia Trachea became the haunt of pirates, who were subdued by Pompey in 67 BC following a Battle of Korakesion (modern Alanya), and Tarsus was made the capital of the Roman province of Cilicia. Cilicia Pedias became Roman territory in 103 BC first conquered by Marcus Antonius Orator in his campaign against pirates, with Sulla acting as its first governor, foiling an invasion of Mithridates, and the whole was organized by Pompey, 64 BC, into a province which, for a short time, extended to and included part of Phrygia. It was reorganized by Julius Caesar, 47 BC, and about 27 BC became part of the province Syria-Cilicia Phoenice. At first the western district was left independent under native kings or priest-dynasts, and a small kingdom, under Tarcondimotus, was left in the east; but these were finally united to the province by Vespasian, AD 72. It had been deemed important enough to be governed by a proconsul.
ancientone
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Claudius & Antonia TetradrachmTI KΛAY∆I KAIΣ ΣEBA ΓEPMANI AYTOKP
laureate head right, date LB (year 2) before
ANTΩNIA ΣEBAΣTH
bust of Antonia right, hair in queue
29 Sep 41 - 28 Sep 42 A.D.
Alexandria mint
11.054g, 23.2mm, die axis 0o,
RPC 5117; Geissen 62; Milne 61; BMC Alexandria p. 9, 65; Dattari 114; SNG Milan 620, SNG Cop 57; Sommer 12.3, Emmett 73
Scarce
Ex-Forum
Antonia was the youngest daughter of Mark Antony and Octavia. She was a niece of the Emperor Augustus, sister-in-law of the Emperor Tiberius, paternal grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and Empress Agrippina the Younger, mother of the Emperor Claudius, and both maternal great-grandmother and paternal great-aunt of the Emperor Nero. She was additionally the maternal great-aunt of the Empress Valeria Messalina and Faustus Cornelius Sulla Felix, and paternal grandmother of Claudia Antonia, Claudia Octavia, and Britannicus.Jay GT4
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CORNELIA 29L. Sulla ( BC 84-83) - Denarius fourrèRugser
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CORNELIA 39 - L Cornelius Sulla & L Malius AR denarius - 82 BCobv: L MANLI PROQ (helmeted head of Roma right)
rev: Triumphator in quadriga right, crowned by flying Victory, L SVLLA IMP in ex.
ref: Cr.367/5, Syd757, Albert1260
3.54gms, 16mm
berserker
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CORNELIA 63Faustus Cornelius Sulla (c. BC 56)Rugser
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Cr 346/1a AR Denarius C. Marcius CensorinusRome 88 b.c.e.
o: Jugate heads of Numa Pompilius, beard & diadem, & Ancus Marcius, rt; R [control mk] below
r: C. CENSO in ex., Desultor on one of two horses galloping rt, conical cap, whip rt hnd; III [control mk] below
3.82 gm
A very ambitious issue, keying on the purported descent of the moneyer's gens from two kings of Roma. This did him no good in the struggle against Sulla, where he chose the wrong side. PMah
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Cr 364/1b AR Denarius Serratus Q. Antonius Balbus Rome, 82 BCE (3.71g, 20mm, 11h)
o: Laureate head of Jupiter right; S•C behind, O below
r: Victory driving quadriga right, holding reins, wreath, and palm frond; Q•ANTO•BALB PR in two lines in ex
Crawford 364/1b. Antonia 1a
Banker's mark near chin obverse
Striking as Praetor, he was a Marian who was slain after the Sullan victory.PMah
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Cr 421/1 AR Denarius M. Nonius Sufenascirca 57- 59 b.c.e., 17.5mm., 3.97gms.
o: SVFENAS – S·C Head of Saturn r.; in l. field, harpa and conical stone
r: PR·L·V·P·F Roma seated l. on pile of arms, holding sceptre and sword, crowned by Victory standing behind her; in exergue, SEX·NONI·. Nonia 1.
The reverse inscription expands as : PR[aetor] L[vdos] V[ictoriae] P[rimus] F[ecit]. Interesting back-story crammed into a busy reverse. The moneyer's father (or grandfather) while Praetor, was the First to "Make" the Games of Victory [of Sulla]. The son's willingness to advertise this on his coins was rather aggressive, considering Sulla's reputation was rapidly declining and his father was a mere partisan despite sponsoring one round of games, and he himself no more popular even though he became praetor, somewhat underlined by this being the first and only "Nonia" issue. Presumably he had faith in Pompey, who was the most enduring and successful of the Sullan partisans and seen as the senior in the power-sharing "First Triumvirate". This bet seemingly did not work out well, but the specifics are not available.PMah
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Crawford 148/1, ROMAN REPUBLIC, Q. Marius, AE AsRome, The Republic.
Q. Marius, 189-180 BCE.
AE As (31.17g; 32mm).
Rome Mint.
Obverse: Head of Janus; I (mark of value) above.
Reverse: Prow facing right; Q.MARI above; I (mark of value) to right; ROMA below.
References: Crawford 148/1; Sydenham 367 (R7); BMCRR 822; Maria 1.
Provenance: Ex Nomisma E-Live Auction 10 (18 Jun 2019) Lot 22; Bombarda Collection; NAC 9 (16 Apr 1996) Lot 587.
This is a particularly fine example of this scarce type. Not much is known of the moneyer beyond his coins. He is likely NOT an ancestor of Gaius Marius who would later serve seven consulships and challenge Sulla.
Carausius
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Crawford 195/2, ROMAN REPUBLIC, Ass Series, AE SemisRome, The Republic.
Ass Series, 169-158 BCE.
AE Semis (11.72g; 25mm).
Rome Mint.
Obverse: Laureate head of Saturn facing right; S (mark-of-value) behind.
Reverse: Prow, with prow stem decorated by female head, facing right; Ass symbol above; S (mark-of-value) to right; ROMA below.
References: Crawford 195/2; Sydenham 298a; BMCRR ---; RBW 838.
Provenance: Ex Naville Numismatics Auction 10 (26 Oct 2014) Lot 87.
Crawford reported only two Roman Republican bronze series in which the reverse prow stem was decorated with a female head: Crawford 205 (P.SULLA); and Crawford 213 (Mast and Sail). The Ass Series should be a third such series, and there are likely others to be discovered. The top of the prow stem is a high-point and quick to wear, thus any ornamentation on this point is often undiscernible or missed. There is no missing the female head decorating the prow stem on this coin; it is even better seen in hand with a steeper light angle. Having reviewed multiple die examples of the Ass series in various print and online sources, I find the As and Semis of this series typically have a female head decorating the prow stem; while prow stems on the smaller denominations (triens, quadrans and sextans) do not appear ornamented. On those denominations with the ornamentation on the prow stem, the ornamentation is often poorly preserved, which is likely why is was previously missed in the standard catalogues.
The ass symbol may identify the otherwise anonymous moneyer as a member of the Junia gens. Grueber and Crawford both noted that the ass was the symbol of M. Junius Silanus and was used on Silanus’ coins as a naming pun (being the ass of “Silenus” the companion of Bacchus) (Crawford 220/1).
Carausius
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Crawford 311/1, ROMAN REPUBLIC, L. Scipio AsiagenusRome, The Republic.
L. Scipio Asiagenus, 106 BCE.
AR Serrate Denarius (3.95g; 19mm).
Rome Mint.
Obv: Laureate head of Jupiter facing left; R● (control mark) behind.
Rev: Jupiter in quadriga galloping right, hurling thunderbolt and holding scepter; L●SCIP●ASIAG in exergue.
References: Crawford 311/1a; Sydenham 576; BMCRR 1372; Cornelia 24
Provenance: Ex Gemini XII (11 Jan 2015), Lot 287; HJB 163 (25 March 2009), lot 224; ex A.K. Collection [Triton XII (6 Jan 2009), lot 462 (part)]; Münzhandlung E. Button Auction 101 (28-29 October 1959), Lot 149.
Each control mark in this series is a single die. The reverse recalls the moneyer's ancestor, L. Cornelius Scipio (son of Africanus), who had a victory against the Syrians in 190 BCE and took the name Asiagenus. The moneyer was likely the L. Cornelius Asiaticus that became consul in 83 BCE. He served in the Social War and was allied with Marius at the time of his consulship. He was imprisoned by Sulla and released. However he was later proscribed by Sulla and fled Rome. Carausius
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Crawford 322/1, ROMAN REPUBLIC, C. Fabius C.f. Hadrianus, AR DenariusRome. The Republic.
C. Fabius C. f. Hadrianus, 102 BCE.
AR Denarius (4.01g; 20mm).
Rome Mint.
Obverse: Veiled and turreted head of Cybele, facing right; EX· A· PV, behind.
Reverse: Victory in fast biga galloping right; A· and heron/stork below; C· FABI· C· F in exergue.
References: Crawford 322/1b; Sydenham 590; BMCRR 1592; Fabia 14.
Provenance: Ex Heritage Europe Auction 44 (26 Nov 2014), Lot 35.
While not certain, the moneyer may be Caius Fabius Hadrianus, who was praetor in 84 BCE, propraetor in 83–82 BCE and who was burned alive in his official residence during a Sullan uprising in 82. He struck two distinct series of this denarius: one, without an obverse inscription but with Greek letter control marks behind the obverse head; the other with Latin letter control marks on the reverse and the EX· A· PV obverse inscription. The obverse inscription is an abbreviation for EX A[RGENTO] PV[BLICO] meaning “from the public silver”. Only eight issues of Roman Republican coins reference the public silver, and it is not abundantly clear why this reference is needed since official silver coinage should always be struck from state silver. Fabius’s issue is the first of four issues struck circa 102-100 to bear a “public silver” inscription, which Crawford attributes as a sign of the populist times. Given that Hadrianus may have been killed in 82 by Sulla supporters because of his populist sympathies, Crawford’s attribution of the inscription as a populist message may be correct.
The bird on the reverse of the coin deserves some comment. According to Pliny, some members of the Fabia gens took the cognomen Buteones (a Buteo is a type of hawk or bird), after a bird settled on a Fabian’s ship and was taken as a good omen in advance of a victory. Both Grueber and Crawford interpret the heron/stork on the reverse of this coin as further evidence of Pliny’s story, and as likely proof that Pliny got the type of bird wrong in his retelling of the story. The bird is certainly important to the moneyer, as he also included the symbol on his AE Asses.
Carausius
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Crawford 346/1, ROMAN REPUBLIC, C. Marcius Censorinus, AR DenariusRome, The Republic.
C. Marcius Censorinus, 88 BCE.
AR Denarius (3.99g; 18mm)
Rome Mint.
Obverse: Jugate, diademed heads of Numa Pompilius and Ancus Marcius, facing right.
Reverse: Desultor, wearing conical cap and holding whip and reins, riding one horse galloping right, with second horse to left; four pellets beneath; C.CENSO in exergue.
References: Crawford 346/1h; Sydenham 713d; BMCRR 2367 var (fractional symbol on rev); Banti 31 (R7) (this coin illustrated); Marcia 18.
Provenance: Ex Numismatica Ars Classica (25 May 2020), Lot 536; Bank Leu (Dec 1970), Lot 104.
The moneyer, C. Marcius Censorinus, was a supporter of Marius in the struggle against Sulla. He was killed during the conflict circa 82 BCE. He was a member of the gens Marcia, who claimed descent from the early Roman kings Numa Pompilius and Ancus Marcius. The jugate heads of Pompilius and Marcius are used on much of Censorinus’ silver and bronze coinage. Numa Pompilius was the legendary 2nd king of Rome, who is crediting with establishment of Roman religion and religious institutions. Among these institutions were the sacred college of priests and the position of Pontifex Maximus. Ancus Marcius was the legendary 4th king of Rome. Ancus Marcius ordered the Pontifex Maximus to display some of Numa Pompilius’ religious commentaries to the people of Rome to facilitate proper religious observance.
The reverse likely refers to the role of the Marcia gens in founding the Ludi Appolinares in 212 BCE. It was the prophecy of a soothsayer named Marcius that instigated the first of these games during the Second Punic War. They were soon declared an annual event, held at the Circus Maximus. Desultors, horse and chariot races would certainly have been part of the entertainment.
Carausius
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Crawford 346/4, ROMAN REPUBLIC, C. Censorinus, AE AsRome, The Republic.
C. Censorinus, 88 BCE.
AE As (11.73g; 27mm).
Rome Mint.
Obverse: NVMA POMPILI ANCVS MARCI; Jugate heads of Pompilius and Ancus Marcius facing right.
Reverse: Prows of crossing ships; to right, a spiral column surmounted by statue of Victory; C.CENSO and ROMA in field.
References: Crawford 346/4a; RBW 1321; Sydenham 715; BMCRR 2415-2418; Marcia 21.
Provenance: Ex RBW Collection [CNG e-Sale 364 (2 Dec 2015), Lot 169]; purchased privately from Frank Kovacs, 3/27/1992.
The moneyer, C. Marcius Censorinus, was a supporter of Marius in the struggle against Sulla. He was killed during the conflict circa 82 BCE. He was a member of the gens Marcia, who claimed descent from the early Roman kings Numa Pompilius and Ancus Marcius. The jugate heads of Pomplius and Marcius are used on much of Censorinus’ silver and bronze coinage. Numa Pompilius was the legendary 2nd king of Rome, who is crediting with establishment of Roman religion and religious institutions. Among these institutions were the sacred college of priests and the position of Pontifex Maximus. Ancus Marcius was the legendary 4th king of Rome. Ancus Marcius ordered the Pontifex Maximus to display some of Numa Pompilius’ religious commentaries to the people of Rome to facilitate proper religious observance.
The reverse of the coin may refer to a naval victory of one of the moneyer’s ancestors, though the precise victory is uncertain.
Carausius
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Crawford 359/2, ROMAN REPUBLIC, L. Cornelius Sulla, AR DenariusRome, The Republic.
L. Cornelius Sulla, 84-83 BCE.
AR Denarius (3.88g; 21mm).
Military Mint.
Obverse: L·SVLLA; diademed head of Venus facing right; before, Cupid holding palm to left.
Reverse: IMPER – ITERV; two trophies with jug and lituus between them.
References: Crawford 359/2; Sydenham 761a; BMCRR East 3; Cornelia 30.
Provenance: Ex Nomisma 58 (6 Nov 2018) Lot 76.
These coins were struck in the east, just before Sulla’s march on Rome. The fabric and style of these coins are certainly different from other Roman Republican denarii of the era, more eastern than Roman. Perhaps not obvious from my photo, the obverse is struck in very high relief and the reverse has pronounced cupping (from a convex reverse die, which more efficiently drives the metal into the high relief obverse die). The obverse honors Venus, whom Sulla considered his protectress. The jug and lituus on the reverse are suggestive of the office of Augur, but Crawford did not think Sulla was an Augur at the time these coins were produced. The implements may refer to an ancestor of Sulla that was an Augur, or, as Crawford surmises, to Sulla’s imperium. The trophies on the reverse refer to Sulla’s victories in the east against Mithradates. Two trophies were also used by Sulla in an issue of tetradrachms in the Athenian “New Style” form.
Sulla’s seizure of dictatorial power following his march on Rome (leading an army that was loyal to him, rather than to the state) became a paradigm for Roman political struggles thereafter. Julius Caesar would initiate similar consequences when he crossed the Rubicon at the head of his army 30+ years later. Unlike Sulla, Caesar showed no interest in resigning his power. Also unlike Sulla, Caesar would strike coins bearing his own likeness. Sulla’s portrait did not appear on a Roman coin until 25 years after Sulla’s death (See, Crawford 434/1).
Carausius
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Crawford 374/1, Roman Republic, Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius, DenariusRoman Republic (mobile mint of Sulla in North Italy, 81 BC.), Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius. AR Denarius (3.80 g, 17-19 mm). Obv.: Diademed head of Pietas right, wearing earring; stork before. Rev.: Q. C. M. P. I , Elephant l.. Crawford 374/1. Syd. 750. BMCRR Spain 43 ; Bab. Caecilia 43.
The issue was produced by Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius, serving as a Sullan commander in the fight against Carrinas, Norbanus and Carbo. The type of Pietas commemorates the title of "Pius" received by Metellus when he tried to get his father returned from banishment. The elephant recalls the victory of his ancestor, L.Caecilius Metellus at Panormus (Sicily) in 251 BC over the Hasdrubal and his Carthaginians in the First Punic War, after which he displayed the elephants captured from the Carthaginians in his triumph in Rome.
my ancient coin database
Arminius
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Crawford 480/06, ROMAN IMPERATORIAL, Julius Caesar, AR DenariusRome. The Imperators.
Julius Caesar and Lucius Aemilius Buca, 44 BCE.
AR Denarius (3.77g; 21mm).
Rome Mint, Feb-Mar 44 BCE.
Obverse: CAESAR DICT- PERPETVO; wreathed head of Julius Caesar facing right.
Reverse: Fasces and winged caduceus in saltire; axe, globe, clasped hands and L BVCA in angles.
References: Crawford 480/6; HCRI 103; Sydenham 1063; BMCRR 4157-9; Julia 37; Alföldi, Type XIII, Plate XCVIII, No. 78.
Provenance: Ex Goldberg Auction #104 (12 Jun 2018) Lot 3248.
Caesar was granted the title of Dictator for Life in mid-February, 44 BCE, thus all coins bearing DICT PERPETVO inscriptions can be firmly dated to the final month of Caesar’s life. This was a period of massive coinage output because Caesar was preparing for a campaign against the Parthians for which a substantial war chest would be needed. To meet the production needs, the college of moneyers was expanded from 3 to 4 moneyers. Nevertheless, manufacturing stress is evident by the frequent poor strikes and off-struck coins that survive today from these final Caesar portrait issues.
The moneyer Lucius Aemilius Buca may have been a relative of Sulla. He does not appear to have struck coins after Caesar’s assassination. With its symbolism, the reverse of this coin suggests Caesar’s growing grasp on religious, military and political power.
Carausius
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 4.05 g, 9h. Head of young Hercules right, wearing lion's skin headdress, paws knotted below his chin; SC above FAVSTVS monogram behind. / Globe surrounded by four wreaths, the larger jewelled and tied with fillet; aplustre and stalk of grain below. Crawford 426/4a. RSC Cornelia 61 .
Gemini II,lot 257.
benito
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 3.87 gr. Laureate and diademed head of Venus right,sceptre, SC behind. / Three military trophies ,capis left, lituus right. FAVSTVS (in monogram) in exergue. Toned. Craw 426/3. RSC Cornelia 63.
benito
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 3,66 grs. Diademed and draped bust of Diana right. Crescent above,lituus behind. FAVSTVS before. / Sulla seated left,between King Bocchus of Mauretania ,who kneels right before him,presenting olive branch,and King Jugurtha of Numidia,who kneels left behind,hands bound. FELIX on right.
Craw 426/1. RSC Cornelia 59. Smyth VI/1.
benito
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 3.87 gr. Laureate and diademed head of Venus right,sceptre, SC behind. / Three military trophies ,capis left, lituus right. FAVSTVS (in monogram) in exergue. Toned. Craw 426/3. RSC Cornelia 63.
benito
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 3,66 grs. Diademed and draped bust of Diana right. Crescent above,lituus behind. FAVSTVS before. / Sulla seated left,between King Bocchus of Mauretania ,who kneels right before him,presenting olive branch,and King Jugurtha of Numidia,who kneels left behind,hands bound. FELIX on right.
Craw 426/1. RSC Cornelia 59. Smyth VI/1.
benito
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FAUSTUS CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. 56 BC. 4.05 g, 9h. Head of young Hercules right, wearing lion's skin headdress, paws knotted below his chin; SC above FAVSTVS monogram behind. / Globe surrounded by four wreaths, the larger jewelled and tied with fillet; aplustre and stalk of grain below. Crawford 426/4a. RSC Cornelia 61 .
benito
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Faustus Cornelius SullaAR denarius. 56 BC. 4.05 g, 9h. Head of young Hercules right, wearing lion's skin headdress, paws knotted below his chin; SC above FAVSTVS monogram behind. / Globe surrounded by four wreaths, the larger jewelled and tied with fillet; aplustre and stalk of grain below. Crawford 426/4a. RSC Cornelia 61 .
This coin is one of ten million denarii that the Senate of Rome commissioned for the purchase of wheat in the year 56 BC. All those extra denarii, struck alongside the normal coin issues, bear the letters S.C for "Senatus Consulto" (by decree of the Senate) on their obverse, behind the head of Hercules. The ligated letters FAVS refer to the moneyer, Faustus Cornelius Sulla.
The ear of grain on the reverse illustrates that this denarius was indeed minted in connection with the purchase of wheat. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, who transacted the business, was the father in law of the moneyer Sulla, and effectually used his son in law's position to advertise himself. Three of the wreaths on the reverse commemorate the three triumphs of Pompey: He was the first Roman to celebrate a triumph on each of the three then-known continents. With this Pompey had made Rome a world power, which is symbolized by the globe in the middle. The fourth wreath, larger than the others, stands for the extraordinary honor that Pompey was bestowed with in 63 BC, when he was allowed to wear a golden headdress when going to the circus or the theater.benito
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Faustus Cornelius Sulla AR Denarius - 3 trophiesAR denarius.
Struck 56 BC.
Grade: F
OBV: Laureate and diademed bust of Venus right; scepter on shoulder, SC behind.
Rx; 3 military trophies between capis & lituus; FAVSTVS, monogrammed, in exergue.
RCV 384 19mm, 3.2g.
Recycled photocliff_marsland
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Faustus Cornelius Sulla.AR denarius. 56 BC. 3,66 grs. Craw 426/1. RSC Cornelia 59.
The moneyer was the son of the famous general and Dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla (138-78 BC).The reverse of the coin represents the victory of his ancestor in the Jugurthine War. Sulla arranged with his ally Bocchus of Mauretania to have Jugurtha ,King of Numidia,ambushed and captured. On the scene represented, Bocchus offers an olive branch to a seated Sulla, while a bound Jugurtha kneels beside him.benito
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Gaius Julius CaesarFebruary-March 44 BC. AR Denarius (19mm, 3.90 g, 5h). Rome mint. P. Sepullius Macer, moneyer. Laureate and veiled head right / Venus standing left, holding Victory and scepter; shield at base of scepter. Crawford 480/13; CRI 107d; Sydenham 1074; RSC 39. From the Jörg Müller Collection.
Alföldi arranges Crawford 480 series coins in (44 BC) month order as follows:
RRC 480/1, Buca - January
RRC 480/2, DICT QVART - early February
RRC 480/3/4/5, CAESAR IMP - late February
RRC 480/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14, DICT PERPETVO - early to mid March
RRC 480/17/18, CAESAR IMPER - late March
RRC 480/19/20, PARENS PATRIAE - April
RRC 480/15/16, MARIDIANVS - April
RRC 480/21/22, CLEMENTIAE CAESARIS and Mark Antony - April
"Iconography, historical meaning:
The rev. can be understand easily: The Iulians ascribed their gens back to Aeneas who was the son of Venus (Aphrodite) and Anchises.Venus was the tutelary goddess of the gens Iulia and hence of Caesar. 46 BC Caesar has consecrated together with his new built forum also the temple of Venus Genetrix, the ancestress of his gens. On this denarius with Victory, spear and shield it is rather Venus Victrix.
The portrait on obv. is imposing by its realistic depiction. It was for the first time that a living ruler was pictured on a Roman coin. This too raised suspicion that Caesar - even if he wasn't acclaimed king - would behave as such.
Caesar's portrait attracts attention by the wreath he is wearing. It protrudes notable wide beyond his forehead. Furthermore it is padded and very ragged. This characteristic received too little attention until now. There is every indication that it is not a usual wreath but a corona graminea, a Grass or Blockade crown. This crown was dedicated by the army to that commander who has freed them from an encirclement and saved them from certain death. The crown was composed from flowers and tuft of grass which was plucked at the location of their liberation. This crown was regarded as the highest of all crowns! Pliny (nat. 22, 6) has known only of 8 persons with this honour:
1. Lucius Siccius Dentatus, tribunus plebis 454 BC
2. Publius Decius Mus, 343 BC, 1st Samnite War, dedicated even by 2 armies!
3. Marcus Calpurnius Flamma, 258 BC, at Carmina on Sicily
4. Quintus Fabius Maximus, after the departure of the Carthaginians from Italy, 203 BC
(dedicated by the Senate and the people of Rome, possibly posthumous)
5. Scipio Aemilianus Africanus
6. Gnaeus Petreius Atinas, centurio during the war against the Cimbri
7. Lucius Cornelius Sulla, during the Allied War at Nola 89 BC
8. Quintus Sertorius, 97 BC aa military tribune in Spain under Titu Ddius.
To Caesar and Augustus the crown was dedicated by the Senate!
The veil Caesar is wearing as Pontifex Maximus for lifetime.
DICTATOR PERPETVVS
During Republican times a dictator was designated when the state was in an emergency situation. His position was always temporally limited, yes, sometimes designated only for a single task. In the beginning Caesar too was dictator limited to 1 year and had to be designated again for the next year. Already 46 BC Caesar has been nominated dictator for 10 years but the title had to be renewed each year. So we know of coins with DICT, DICT ITER (= again, for the second time), IC TER (for the third time) and DICT QVART.
Since the proclamation as king has failed the title dictator disappeared from the denarii and were replaced by IMP. But soon behind Caesar's head appeares a star, a crescent, or Victory's spear stands on a star. These celestial signs - and that was understod by all - stand for divinity and should raise Caesar high above all Romans. Incompatible with the idea of a republican constituted Rome.
The point of culmination in this series is the legend DICT PERPETVO of this coin. Now the title of dictator was no more temporally limited but was valid like his office as Pontifex Maximus for all his life and it no more was necessary to confirm the title each year. That actually was a spectacular violation of the Roman constitution! The fact that he appeared at the Lupercalia on February 15. 44 BC in the ancient robe of kings strengthened the suspicion that he was looking for the kingship. In fact he has publicly
refused the royal crown that was offered to him by Marcus Antonius, but his authority to exert power was equal a king even without bearing the title of king. That was the most hateful title of the Roman Republic.
Now he has passed a line that his republican enimies couldn't tolerate any more if they still wanted to be taken seriously. So this coin actually led to his murder by the conspirators. So "The coin that kills Caesar" is by no means an exaggeration.
The planned Parthian War:
Caesar has planned a war against the Parthians. In March 44 BC he wanted to start for a campaign to the east. His assassination inhibited this intention. In science disputed are the goals which Caesar has had in mind with his war. They are reaching from a boundary adjustment, as Mommsen suggested, to world domination like Alexander the Great, as Plutarch is writing: According to him Caesar after the submission of the Parthians would go across Hyrcania at the Caspian Sea, then round the Black Sea via the Caucasus, invade the land of the Scyths, attack Germania and would finally return to Italy through the land of the Celts. In this way he would have conquered the world known to the Ancients and his limits were only the shores of the surrounding Okeanos.
Probably Sueton who was sitting directly at the sources was more realistic. And we know of the campaigns of Marcus Antonius and Augustus who surely have known Caesar's plans and have used them for their own purposes. It's clear that Caesar doesn't want to repeat the errors of Crassus who perished at Carrhae, and has tried to avoid he Parthian cavalry units. Therefore a route through Lesser Armenia is most probable. And there was hope that the Mesopotamian cities would raise against the Parthians. Caesar had gathered an army of 16(!) legions, a huge power that alone by its mere bigness would ensure the victory. Caesar was no gambler, rather a cautious and prudential commander.The famous "veni, vidi, vici" doesn't exist longer. What he actually had in mind we don't know. It's speculative. But there is every indication that it was a reorganisation of the east. And that rather by establishing client-kingdoms than creating new Roman provinces.
Probably the conspirators were afraid of Caesar's Parthian War, because a victory, which was possible or even probable, would have strengthen Caesar's position and has made him practically invulnerable." - JochenNemonater
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Greek, Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios. Cappadocian Kingdom. AR Drachm.Circa 96-63 B.C. AR Drachm (17mm, 3.92g, 1h). Simmoneta 9a. Obverse diademed head of Ariobarzanes to right. Reverse BASILEUS ARIOBARZANOU PHILOROMAIOU Athena standing left, holding Nike and spear and shield; to left monogram; to right, A; in exergue, gamma. Extremely Fine, beautifully toned. Ex Nomos AG 6th Price List Sale, lot 44.
Ariobarzanes I, nicknamed Philoromaios or “Lover of Rome” in the literal sense but should be translated as “Friend of Rome,” was a client king of Cappadocia during Roman expansion and hegemony in Asia Minor. He was elected by his people with the backing of Lucius Cornelius Sulla. He was removed several times by either Mithradates IV of Pontus or Tigranes II of Armenia but reinstated by the Roman Senate each time. He eventually abdicated and was replaced by his son, Ariobarzanes II.
The detail and artistry is surprisingly elegant on this small coin with a diameter of only 17mm. It is a masterpiece of miniature numismatic portraiture: most of Ariobarzanes’ coins are of inferior quality and finding one with fine portraiture of good style, such as this, is rarely encountered.
Jason T
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Hiempsal II - Horse gallopingObverse: Veiled head of Demeter r., wreathed with corn
Reverse: Free running horse r., Punic H below, palm tree behind
Date : c. 106-60 BC
Reference : Mazzard-81, Muller-48
Weight : 6.87g
Acquired: 29/04/04
Comments : AE 20, Hiempsal II. was the son of Gauda, the half-brother of Jugurtha. In 88 B.C., after the triumph of Sulla, when the younger Marius fled from Rome to Africa, Hiempsal received him with apparent friendliness, his real intention being to detain him as a prisoner. Marius discovered this intention in time and made good his escape with the assistance of the kings daughter. In 81 Hiempsal was driven from his throne by the Numidians themselves, or by Hiarbas, ruler of part of the kingdom, supported by Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, the leader of the Marian party in Africa. Soon afterwards Pompey was sent to Africa by Sulla to reinstate Hiempsal, whPeattie
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Hispania Baetica, asse (tempo di Augusto)Hispania Baetica, zecca di Castulo, tempo di Augusto
AE, 14,96 gr. , mm 28, B+
D/ testa elmata a dx (Augusto?)
R/ sfinge a dx
NOTA: patina desertica, piccola frattura sulla moneta
Provenienza: collezione Berardengo, Roma Italia (17 novembre 2007, numero catalogo 47bis), ex collezione Gionata Barbieri, Napoli Italia (fino al 2007)paolo
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Italy, Rome, Curia Iulia, Forum RomanumCuria Julia (Latin: Curia Iulia, Italian: Curia Iulia) is the third named Curia, or Senate House, in the ancient city of Rome. It was built in 44 BC when Julius Caesar replaced Faustus Cornelius Sulla’s reconstructed Curia Cornelia, which itself had replaced the Curia Hostilia. Caesar did this in order to redesign both spaces within the Comitium and Forum Romanum. The alterations within the Comitium reduced the prominence of the senate and cleared the original space. The work, however, was interrupted by Caesar's assassination at the Theatre of Pompey where the Senate had been meeting temporarily while the work was completed. The project was eventually finished by Caesar’s successor Augustus in 29 BC. The Curia Julia is one of only a handful of Roman structures to survive to the modern day mostly intact, due to its conversion into the basilica of Sant'Adriano al Foro in the 7th century and several later restorations. However the roof, together with the upper elevations of the side walls and rear façade, are modern. These parts date from the remodeling of the deconsecrated church in the 1930s.Joe Sermarini
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Italy- Pompeii- Entrance PORTA MARINA AND THE CITY WALLSPORTA MARINA AND THE CITY WALLS
Similar to a bastion, facing west, together with Porta Ercolano it is the most imposing of the seven gates of Pompeii. It takes its name from the fact that its road led to the sea. It has two barrel arches (round arch opening), later combined into a single, large barrel vault in opus caementicium. The ring of the walls visible today, already present in the 6th cent. BC, is over 3200 m long: it is generally a solid ring of wall, protected on the outside by a moat and inside by an embankment, atop which runs the patrol walkway. Twelve towers to the north, where the flat ground made Pompeii most vulnerable, also ensured its defense. Pompeii's definitive entry into the Roman orbit (with the Sullan colonization: 80 BC) reduced the importance of the walls, which were occasionally reused or destroyed to make room for houses and baths.
THE CITY WALLS
Pompeii rests on a plateau of Vesuvian lava, whose walls represented a solid natural protection, just the wall to the north were more vulnerable.
The ring of walls was 3220 m. long. Seven identified gates opened in the walls, while the existence of an eighth (Porta Capua) one was uncertain.
The materials used for the walls were mostly: Sarno stone and grey Nucerian tufo. At the beginning the walls were made of Vesuvian lava or ‘pappamonte’ blocks, later made of a double parallel row, than filled with stones and ground.
During the Samnite wars were built the fortifications with the ‘ad aggere’ system, with an embankment inner the city.
During the 3rd century B.C. was probably built an inner calcareous and tufo row, with buttresses and round the top of the walls ran a patrol walkway.
The last phase of construction of the fortifications was dated about the age before Sulla’s conquest: on the more vulnerable side of the walls guard towers in opus incertum were built, with regular distance.
Peter Wissing
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Italy- Pompeii- The big theatre and the Odeon small theatreThe Big theater and Odeon the small theatre beside.
This ‘small theatre’, perhaps used for musical performances and poetry readings, was built in the early years of the Sullan colony (around 80 BC). According to inscriptions found here, it had a roof to ensure excellent acoustics: this rested on outer walls that bordered the tiers of seats (cavea), decorated with sculpted telamons: the lower part (ima cavea) has low, wide seating steps (bisellia) reserved for the decurions; a balustrade decorated with winged gryphon paws distinguishes it from the media cavea.Peter Wissing
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Kings of Cappadocia. Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios. AR Drachma.Circa 96-63 B.C. AR Drachm (17mm, 3.92g, 1h). Simmoneta-9a. Obverse diademed head of Ariobarzanes to right. Reverse BASILEUS ARIOBARZANOU PHILOROMAIOU Athena standing left, holding Nike and spear and shield; to left monogram; to right, A; in exergue, gamma. Extremely Fine, beautifully toned.
Ex Nomos AG 6th Price List Sale, lot 44.
Ariobarzanes I (nicknamed Philoromaios or “Lover of Rome” in the literal sense but should be properly translated as “Friend of Rome”) was a client king of Cappadocia during Roman expansion and hegemony in Asia Minor. He was elected by his people with the backing of Lucius Cornelius Sulla. He was removed several times by either Mithradates IV of Pontus or Tigranes II of Armenia but reinstated by the Roman Senate each time. He eventually abdicated and was replaced by his son, Ariobarzanes II.
The detail and artistry is surprisingly elegant on this small coin with a diameter of only 17mm. It is a masterpiece of miniature numismatic portraiture: most of Ariobarzanes’ coins are of inferior quality and finding one with fine portraiture of good style, such as this, is rarely encountered.
Jason T
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L CORNELIUS SULLA & L MALIUS AR Denarius Cr367/5, QuadrigaOBV: Helmeted head of Roma right, L MANLI PROQ
REV: Triumphator in quadriga right, crowned by Victory, L SVLLA IMP in ex.
Minted at Rome, 82 BCLegatus
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L CORNELIUS SULLA FELIX ROMAN REPUBLIC; GENS CORNELIA AR DenariusOBVERSE: Diademed head of Venus right
REVERSE: Double cornucopiae; Q below
Rome 81 BC
3.77g, 19mm
Cr 375/2; Syd 755; Cornelia 33Legatus
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L Manlius Torquartus Denarius 82bcSilver denarius, SRCV 286, RSC I Manlia 4, VF, military mint, weight, 82 B.C.; obverse head of Roma right, PROQ (proquaestor ) behind, MANLI before; reverse Sulla walking in a quadriga right, holding reins in right hand and caduceus in left, crowned by Victory flying above, L SVLLA IM (imperator) in exergue.
L. Manlius Torquatus was proquaestor to Sulla during the Mithraditic war (he was later Consul - 65 B.C.); this issue was struck for the civil war in Italy 82 B.C.Philoromaos
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L. CensorinusL Censorinus Denarius. 82 BC. Laureate head of Apollo right / L CENSOR, the satyr, Marsyas, standing left with wineskin over shoulder; behind him, column surmounted by draped figure (Minerva?). Syd 737, Cr363/1d.
In 82 B.C.
"Sulla defeats Samnite allies of Rome in the Battle of the Colline Gate, and takes control of Rome.
Gaius Marius the Younger is besieged at the fortress city of Praeneste in Latium. After a fierce resistance, Marius committs suicide.
Gnaeus Pompeius is ordered by Sulla to stamp out democratic rebels in Sicily and Africa, while the young Gaius Julius Caesar is acting as a subordinate of Sulla in the east.
After his campaigns in Sicily and Africa, Pompeius gets the insulting nickname of adulescentulus carnifex, the "teenage butcher".
Randygeki(h2)
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L. Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus - AR denarius serratus³Sardinia or Massalia region / ¹Rome
²104 BC / ¹106 BC
laureate head of Jupiter left
dot over T behind
Jupiter in quadriga right, hurling thunderbolt, holding reins and scepter
L·SCIP·ASIAG
¹Crawford 311/1c, SRCV I 188, RSC I Cornelia 24
²Mark Passehl - Roman moneyer & coin type chronology, 150 – 50 BC
³Mark Passehl
3,4g 19mm
ex Lucernae
Moneyer was the great-grandson of Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus, consul 190 BC who together with Eumenes II of Pergamum defeated Antiochus III the Great. He belonged to the Marian party in Sulla's first civil war and Sulla's second civil war. He was appointed consul in 83 BC with Gaius Norbanus. In this year Lucius Cornelius Sulla returned to the Italian Peninsula, and advanced against the consuls. He defeated Norbanus in Italy, but seduced the troops of Scipio to desert their general. He was taken prisoner in his camp along with his son Lucius, but was dismissed by Sulla uninjured. He was, however, included in the proscription in the following year, 82 BC, whereupon he fled to Massilia, and passed there the remainder of his life. (wikipedia)J. B.
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L. CORNELIUS SULLAAR denarius. Military mint (Italy). 83 BC. 3,97 grs. Head of Venus right,wearing earring and pearl necklace. On right Cupid standing left holding palm. L.SVLLA below / Two trophies. Between ,praefericulum and lituus. Above IMPER,below ITERVM.
Cr. 359/2 RSC Cornelia 30.
Bremens Beleville 26 Nov 2014 ,lot 251. Ex E.M.collection. Dorotheum ( Viena) June 1956,lot
2718. Ex Apostolo Zeno collection.benito
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L. Cornelius Sulla & L. Manlius TorquatusObv: Winged Helmeted head of Roma right, PROQ in left field, L. MANLI in right field
Rev:Sulla in triumphal quadriga r., holding caduceus, crowned by Victory flying l. above, L SVLLA IM (or IMP or IMPE) in ex.
Size: 17mm Weight: 3.8gm Mint: Rome Mint 82BC
Refs: Crawf. 367/5, Syd. 757, RCV 286ickster
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L. Cornelius Sulla and L. ManliusAR Denarius
17.78 mm 3.96 gr.
Obv: L MANLI PRO Q, Roma helmeted head right
Rev: No legend, L. Sulla in triumphal quadriga right holding caduceus and being crowned by Victory flying above
Mint: Likely Greece according to Sydenham; more recently thought to be military mint moving in Italy (82 BC)
RSC I Manlia 4; Sydenham 757
Reverse die match in Schaefer’s die study, 5/145
[Although this denarius was minted a generation before Caesar crossed the Rubicon, Sulla’s marches on Rome and dictatorship in 82-80 BC clearly were precursors to those
of Caesar and the military autocracies to come. A young Caesar had been a target in the proscriptions of Sulla.]Ken W2
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L. Cornelius Sulla and L. Manlius Torquatus, denarius, Ca. 82 BC.Obv:- L. MANLI PRO Q, helmeted head of Roma right
Rev:- Sulla in triumphal quadriga right, crowned by Victory flying left above, L. SVLLA IM in exergue.
Minted in Military mint moving with Sulla. Ca. 82 BC.
Reference:- Crawford 367/5. RSC Manlia 4. RCTV 286maridvnvm
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L. Cornelius Sulla, DenariusL. Cornelius Sulla, Denarius
RRC 359/2
84-83 bc
4,36 gr.
AV: Diademed head of Venus r.; in r. field, Cupid standing l., holding palm branch; below, L·SVLLA.
Rv: IMPER Jug and lituus between two trophies; below, ITERVM.
Minted during his march on Rome.
Ex Numismatica Ars Classica, Zurich, Auct 98, 12.12.2016, Lot 1001Norbert
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L. Manlius Torquatus and L. Cornelius SullaL. Manlius Torquatus and L. Cornelius Sulla (82 BC). AR denarius 3.99 g. Military military mint with Sulla.
O: Helmeted bust of Roma right, with peaked visor, cruciform earring and necklace, hair in three locks; L MANLI before; PRO•Q behind
R: Sulla, togate, driving triumphal quadriga right, holding branch and reins; above, Victory flying left crowning Sulla with laurel wreath; L•SVLLA•IM in exergue. - Crawford 367/5. Sydenham 757. Manlia 4.
Fine style, light golden toning.
As consul for the year 88 BC, Sulla was awarded the coveted assignment of suppressing the revolt of Mithradates VI of Pontus, but political maneuvers resulted in this assignment being transferred to Marius. In response, Sulla turned his army on Rome, captured it, and reclaimed his command against Mithradates. His prosecution of the first Mithradatic War was successful, but he spared the Pontic king for personal gain. In 83 BC, Sulla returned to Italy as an outlaw, but he was able to win the support of many of the leading Romans. Within a year, he fought his way to Rome, where he was elected dictator. It was during this campaign to Rome that this denarius was struck. The obverse type represents Sulla's claim to be acting in Rome's best interest. The reverse shows Sulla enjoying the highest honor to which a Roman could aspire: the celebration of a triumph at Rome.
We learn from Plutarch that L. Manlius Torquatus was one of Sulla’s generals. This type was struck during Sulla’s political campaign to be elected dictator, following his return to Rome after his victory against Mithridates. Prior to the Mithridatic Wars, L. Manlius Torquatus had been Sulla’s quaestor - a post he had resigned to assume his military role; hence on this issue he is proquaestor. Nemonater
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L. Manlius Torquatus and L. Cornelius Sulla - Manlia-4ROMAN REPUBLIC L. Manlius Torquatus and L. Cornelius Sulla. 82 BC. Denarius. Mint moving with Sulla. L. MANLI before, PRO.Q behind, helmeted Roma right / Sulla, being crowned by Victory, in quadriga right; L SVLLA IM in exergue. Crawford 367/5; Syd 757; SRCV 286: Manlia-4Bud Stewart
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