| Image search results - "Seleucia" |
Syria Seleucia Pieria AE14
Apollo & tripod. Cop. 399, S 2184 Date: 100BC
Obverse: Head of Apollo right Reverse: Tripod
Size: 14.43 mm Weight: 2.3 grams Coin #621cars100
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Philip I the Arab, February 244 - Late September249 A.D., Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia. Orichalcum medallion, cf. RPC VIII U2169; SNG Levante 778; SNG BnF 1040; SNG Righetti 1630; SNG Pfalz 1078; BMC Cilicia p. 140, 50 (various legend arrangements), VF, broad flan, portrait, dark brown patina, light encrustation, a few small pits, marks, Seleukeia ad Calycadnum (Silifke, Turkey) mint, weight 34.823g, maximum diameter 40.0mm, die axis 180o, obverse AYT K M IOYΛIOC ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse CEΛEYKEΩN TΩN ΠPOCT, confronted busts of Tyche, right, draped, kalathos on head, cornucopia behind, and Apollo, left, laureate and draped, laurel branch before, KAΛYK/A∆N/Ω in three lines above, EΛEYΘEP/AC in two lines below; 40 millimeterspaul1888
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1 Gordian IIIGordian III
AE 31mm of Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia
O: Radiate, draped, & cuirassed bust right [c/m: annulet within D]
R: Athena Alcidemus advancing right, attacking anguipede Giant, raising hands in defense.
C/m: Howgego 670.
SNG Levante 763Sosius
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SOLD Antiochus 1 Soter 281-261 BC Posthumous Tetradrachm SOLD SOLD Obverse: Diademed head of Antiochus 1 facing right
Reverse: Apollo sitting on ompholos testing arrow in RH, LH holding grounded bow.
2 monograms, one in each field
Ins- ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ
A posthumous coinage from the reign of Antiochus 11
Mint of Seleucia on the Tigris
SC 587.1c 17g 29.5mm SOLDcicerokid
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(0138) ANTONINUS PIUS138 - 161 AD
25 mm, 8.29 g
O: ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙСΑΡ ΑΔΡΙ ΑΝΤΩΝΙΝοС СƐΒΑ laureate head of Antoninus Pius, r.
R: СƐΛƐVΚΩΝ Τ Π ΚΑΛΥ Τ ΙƐΡ ΑС ΑΥΤ Athena standing, l., holding Nike, resting arm on shield
Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia
Ref: RPC IV Online 4033 corr. (spear) (same die as pictured RPC 4033)laney
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(0138) ANTONINUS PIUS--Seleucia ad Calycadnum138 - 161 AD
25 mm, 8.29 g
O: ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙСΑΡ ΑΔΡΙ ΑΝΤΩΝΙΝοС СƐΒΑ laureate head of Antoninus Pius, r.
R: СƐΛƐVΚΩΝ Τ Π ΚΑΛΥ Τ ΙƐΡ ΑС ΑΥΤ Athena standing, l., holding Nike, resting arm on shield
Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia
Ref: RPC IV Online 4033 corr. (spear) (same die as pictured RPC 4033)laney
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(12) DOMITIAN81 - 96 AD
AE 24 mm max. 13.59 g
O: Laurate bust of Domitian left.
R; Large S C within wreath
SYRIA. SELEUCIA AND PIERIA, Antioch ad Orontemlaney
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(12) DOMITIAN81 - 96 AD
AE 21.5 mm; 6.19 g
O: Laurate bust of Domitian left.
R; Large S C within wreath
SYRIA. SELEUCIA AND PIERIA, Antioch ad Orontemlaney
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015a15. TrajanAE25. Seleucia Pieria, Syria. 22mm, 10.24 g. Obv: AVTOK KAIC NER TRAIANOC ARICT CEB GERM DAK, laureate head right. Rev: CELEYKEWN PEIERIAC around, ZEYC KACIOC below, sacred stone of Zeus Kasios with fillet attached, within shrine of four pillars supporting a pyramidal roof surmounted by an eagle, barred Epsilon at lower right. BMC 40; SNG Cop 404.lawrence c
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046a20.GallienusCilicia. Seleucia (Seleuceia ad Calycadnum) AE26. 26.60 mm, 8.18 g. Obverse: ΑV Κ Π ΛΚ ΓΑΛΛΙΗΝΟϹ, laureate and draped bust right. Reverse: ϹЄΛЄVΚ-Є-ΩΝ - ΚΑΛ / VΚ, Athena Alcidemus advancing right, attacking anguipede Giant, raising hands in defense. The Anguipede is a creature with a cock's head and snakes for legs. SNG Levante 789. lawrence c
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08-02 - Antioco IV, Epiphanes (175 - 164 A.C.)Antíoco IV Epífanes (Αντίοχος Επιφανής en griego, 215 adC-163 adC) fue rey de Siria de la dinastía Seléucida desde c. 175 adC-164 adC.
Era hijo de Antíoco III Megas y hermano de Seleuco IV Filopator. Originalmente fue llamado Mitríades, pero adoptó el nombre de Antíoco tras su ascensión al trono (o quizás tras la muerte de su hermano mayor, también Antíoco).
Subió al trono tras la muerte de su hermano Seleuco IV Filopátor que gobernó durante poco tiempo antes que él, hasta que Heliodoro, tesorero suyo, lo mató por ambición. Había vivido en Roma según los términos de la paz de Apamea (188 adC), pero acababa de ser intercambiado por el hijo y legítimo heredero de Seleuco IV, el futuro (Demetrio I Sóter). Antíoco se aprovechó de la situación, y junto con su otro hermano Antíoco, se proclamó rey con el apoyo de Eumenes II de Pérgamo y el hermano de éste, Atalo I. Su hermano Antíoco sería asesinado pocos años después.
Por su enfrentamiento con Ptolomeo VI, que reclamaba Coele-Syria, atacó e invadió Egipto, conquistando casi todo el país, con la salvedad de la capital, Alejandría. Llegó a capturar al rey, pero para no alarmar a Roma, decicidió reponerlo en el trono, aunque como su marioneta. Sin embargo, los alejandrinos habían elegido al hermano de éste, Ptolomeo VII Euergetes como rey, y tras su marcha decidieron reinar conjuntamente. Esto le obligó a reinvadir el país, y así el 168 adC, repitiendo la invasión, con su flota conquistaba Chipre. Cerca de Alejandría se encontró con el cónsul romano Cayo Popilio Laenas, instó a abandonar Egipto y Chipre. Cuando Antíoco replicó que debía consultarlo con su consejo, Popilio trazó un círculo en la arena rodeándole y le dijo: "píensalo aquí". Viendo que abandonar el círculo sin haber ordenado la retirada era un desafío a Roma decidió ceder con el fin de evitar una guerra.
A su regreso, organizó una expedición contra Jerusalén, qué saqueo cruelmente. Según él Libro de los Macabeos, promulgó varias ordenanzas de tipo religioso: trató de suprimir el culto a Yahveh, prohibió el judaísmo suspendiendo toda clase de manifestación religiosa y trató de establecer el culto a los dioses griegos. Pero el sacerdote judío Matatías y sus dos hijos llamados Macabeos consiguieron levantar a la población en su contra y lo expulsaron. La fiesta judía de Jánuca conmemora este hecho.
Antíoco, en campaña contra el Imperio Parto, envió varios ejércitos sin éxito. Mientras organizaba una expedición punitiva para retomar Israel personalmente le sobrevino la muerte. Le sucedió su hijo Antíoco V Eupátor.
Su reinado fue la última época de fuerza y esplendor para el Imperio Seleúcida, que tras su muerte se vio envuelto en devastadoras guerras dinásticas. (Wikipedia)
AE (Canto aserrado) 15 mm 3.5 gr.
Anv: Busto velado de Laodicea IV (Esposa de Seleuco IV y Hermana de Antíoco IV) viendo a der. Grafila de puntos.
Rev: "BAΣIΛEΩΣ ANTIOXOY" - Cabeza de elefante a izquierda, proa de galera a izquierda (El elefante simboliza las aspiraciones orientales de los reyes de Seleucia además de ser una de las grandes armas de su arsenal y la proa su importancia como ciudad puerto).
Ceca: Seleucia de Pieria (Costa N. de Siria - Puerto de Antioquía) o Akke Ptolomais
Referencias : B.M.C. Vol.4 (Seleucid Kings of Syria) #3 Pag.43 - SC#1477.2 - Houghton #113 - HGS #684-6 Pag.9 - SNG Spaer #1017-40 - SNG Cop #184 - Hoover #685 mdelvalle
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090p Gallienus (253-268 A.D.), Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, SNG Levante 789, AE-27, Athena and the serpent-legged giant, #1090p Gallienus (253-268 A.D.), Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, SNG Levante 789, AE-27, Athena and the serpent-legged giant, #1
avers: AY K Π Λ K ΓAΛΛIHN/OC, Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
reverse: CEΛEYKEΩN K A/ΛYK/ΛΔ, Athena standing right, wielding spear at a serpent-legged giant at her feet which is about to throw a stone at her.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 25,5-28,3mm, weight:12,41g, axes: 6h,
mint: Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, date: 253-268 A.D., ref: SNG Levante 789, SNG Pfalz 1086,
Q-001quadrans
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12-02 - Demetrio II, Nicator (1er.Reino 145 - 139 A.C.)Demetrio II Nicátor de la dinastía Seléucida, fue rey de Siria en dos períodos: 146 - 139 A.C. y 129 - 126 A.C. Huyó a Creta tras la derrota y muerte de su padre, Demetrio I Sóter, pero regresó después, proclamándose rey. Fue puesto en fuga casi inmediatamente por el general Diodoto, que primero proclamó rey a un hijo de Alejandro Balas, Antíoco VI Dioniso, y luego a sí mismo con el nombre de Trifón. Demetrio marchó en guerra contra el rey de Partia, Mitrídates I, siendo derrotado y capturado en 139 A.C.
En 129 fue puesto en libertad, con la esperanza de provocar una guerra entre él y su hermano Antíoco VII Evergetes. Sin embargo, Antíoco murió antes de que estallara el conflicto, con lo que Demetrio II se proclamó rey de nuevo. Poco después fue derrotado y muerto por el rey de Egipto Ptolomeo VIII, que sostenía al usupador Alejandro Zabinas. Le sucedió su hijo Seleuco V Filométor, bajo la regencia de su viuda Cleopatra Tea. (Wikipedia)
AE 18 x 19 mm 4.9 gr.
Anv: Busto con diadema de Demetrio II viendo a derecha. Grafila de puntos.
Rev: "BAΣIΛEΩΣ ΔHMHTPIOY – TYPIΩN (por Tiro)" - Popa de Galera (Simboliza el poderío naval de Tiro Fenicia bajo los Seléucidas).
Acuñación: 145/4 A.C.
Ceca: Seleucia en Tiro - Fenicia
Referencias: Houghton #753 – SNG Spaer #1722 - B.M.C. Vol.4 (Seleucid Kings of Syria) #20-22 Pag.60 - Sear GCTV Vol.2 #7070 Pag.661 - SNG Israel #1708.mdelvalle
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16-02 - Antioco VIII, Grifo (125 - 96 A.C.)Antiochus VIII Epiphanes/Callinicus/Philometor, Hijo de Demetrio II Nicátor y Cleopatra Thea, su apodo Grypus significa nariz de gancho.
Antíoco VIII Grifo de la dinastía Seléucida, fue rey de Siria entre 125 A.C. - 96 A.C. Sucedió a su hermano Seleuco V Filométor, tras ser éste asesinado por la madre de ambos, Cleopatra Tea. Esta intentó envenenarle, pero Antíoco la obligó a beberse su propio veneno. Hubo de combatir contra Antíoco IX Eusebio, con el que finalmente compartió el reino. Fue asesinado en 96 A.C., quedando Antíoco IX como único rey. Sin embargo, varios de sus hijos llegaron a reinar posteriormente.
AE 12 mm 1.4 gr.
Anv: Bustos apareados y laureados de Dioskouri. ” * “ arriba.
Rev: "ANTIOXEΩN / EN ΠTOΛEMAI" a derecha de una cornucopia, "IEPAΣ AΣYΛOY"? a izquierda y "LΠI" fecha seleuciana en exergo.
Acuñada: 125 - 96 A.C.
Ceca: Ake Ptolomais - Fenicia (Ubicado al norte de Haifa - en esta época formaba parte de los reinos Seléucidas)
Referencias: Sear GCTV Vol.2 #6047 var / 6046 Pag.555 - B.M.C. Vol.26 (Phoenicia) #10 Pag.129 - Houghton 810 - Hen #414mdelvalle
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161-169 AD - LUCIUS VERUS AE dupondius - struck 165-166 ADobv: L VERVS AVG ARM PARTH MAX (radiate head right)
rev: TR POT VI IMP III COS II (parthian captive seated right at base of trophy, hands tied behind back, arms before), S-C in field
ref: RIC III 1445 (M.Aurelius) (C), C202 (3frcs)
mint: Rome
12.08gms, 24mm
Scarce
History: Between 162 and 166 Verus was in the East, nominally commanding a campaign against the Parthian empire for the control over the Armenian kingdom. Statius Priscus, Avidius Cassius and Martius Verus generals were entrusted with real command of the legions. Cassius led the overall campaign, destroyed the city of Seleucia on the Tigris and burned to the ground the palace at the capital Ctesiphon; Priscus led the invasion of Armenia that took the capital of Artashat (Artaxata); Martius Verus is limited only to the mention of his name by the ancients, but he was later the governor of Cappadocia. Lucius Verus received the title Parthicus Maximus in Aug. 165 AD.berserker
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1bc Trajan98-117
Sestertius
Laureate head, right, IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V PP
Roma and kneeling Dacian, SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI SC
RIC 485
Eutropius enthused: To [Nerva] succeeded ULPIUS CRINITUS TRAJANUS, born at Italica in Spain, of a family rather ancient than eminent for his father was the first consul in it. He was chosen emperor at Agrippina, a city of Gaul. He exercised the government in such a manner, that he is deservedly preferred to all the other emperors. He was a man of extraordinary skill in managing affairs of state, and of remarkable courage. The limits of the Roman empire, which, since the reign of Augustus, had been rather defended than honourably enlarged, he extended far and wide. He rebuilt some cities in Germany; he subdued Dacia by the overthrow of Decebalus, and formed a province beyond the Danube, in that territory which the Thaiphali, Victoali, and Theruingi now occupy. This province was a thousand miles in circumference.
He recovered Armenia, which the Parthians had seized, putting to death Parthamasires who held the government of it. He gave a king to the Albani. He received into alliance the king of the Iberians, Sarmatians, Bosporani, Arabians, Osdroeni, and Colchians. He obtained the mastery over the Cordueni and Marcomedi, as well as over Anthemusia, an extensive region of Persia. He conquered and kept possession of Seleucia, Ctesiphon, Babylon, and the country of the Messenii. He advanced as far as the boundaries of India, and the Red Sea, where he formed three provinces, Armenia, Assyria, and Mesopotamia, including the tribes which border on Madena. He afterwards, too, reduced Arabia into the form of a province. He also fitted out a fleet for the Red Sea, that he might use it to lay waste the coasts of India.
Yet he went beyond his glory in war, in ability and judgment as a ruler, conducting himself as an equal towards all, going often to his friends as a visitor, either when they were ill, or when they were celebrating feast days, and entertaining them in his turn at banquets where there was no distinction of rank, and sitting frequently with them in their chariots; doing nothing unjust towards any of the senators, nor being guilty of any dishonesty to fill his treasury; exercising liberality to all, enriching with offices of trust, publicly and privately, every body whom he had known even with the least familiarity; building towns throughout the world, granting many immunities to states, and doing every thing with gentleness and kindness; so that during his whole reign, there was but one senator condemned, and he was sentenced by the senate without Trajan's knowledge. Hence, being regarded throughout the world as next to a god, he deservedly obtained the highest veneration both living and dead. . . .
After having gained the greatest glory both in the field and at home, he was cut off, as he was returning from Persia, by a diarrhoea, at Seleucia in Isauria. He died in the sixty-third year, ninth month, and fourth day of his age, and in the nineteenth year, sixth month, and fifteenth day of his reign. He was enrolled among the gods, and was the only one of all the emperors that was buried within the city. His bones, contained in a golden urn, lie in the forum which he himself built, under a pillar whose height is a hundred and forty-four feet. So much respect has been paid to his memory, that, even to our own times, they shout in acclamations to the emperors, "More fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan!" Blindado
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1bj Marcus Aurelius161-180
Sestertius
Laureate head, right, IMP CAES M AVREL ANTONINVS AVG PM
Salus stg, SALVTI AVGVSTOR TR P XVII COS III SC
RIC 843
The Historia Augusta relates: He was reared under the eye of Hadrian, who called him Verissimus. . . . And so he was adopted in his eighteenth year, and at the instance of Hadrian exception was made for his age and he was appointed quaestor for the year of the second consulship of Antoninus [Pius], now his father. . . . After Hadrian's death, Pius immediately got his wife to ask Marcus if he would break off his betrothal to the daughter of Lucius Commodus and marry their own daughter Faustina (whom Hadrian had wanted to marry Commodus' son, even though he was badly matched in age). After thinking the matter over, Marcus replied he was willing. And when this was done, Pius designated him as his colleague in the consulship, though he was still only quaestor, gave him the title of Caesar. . . .
When Antoninus Pius saw that the end of his life was drawing near, having summoned his friends and prefects, he commended Marcus to them all and formally named him as his successor in the empire. . . . Being forced by the senate to assume the government of the state after the death of the Deified Pius, Marcus made his brother his colleague in the empire, giving him the name Lucius Aurelius Verus Commodus and bestowing on him the titles Caesar and Augustus.
Eutropius summarizes: They carried on a war against the Parthians, who then rebelled for the first time since their subjugation by Trajan. Verus Antoninus went out to conduct that war, and, remaining at Antioch and about Armenia, effected many important achievements by the agency of his generals; he took Seleucia, the most eminent city of Assyria, with forty thousand prisoners; he brought off materials for a triumph over the Parthians, and celebrated it in conjunction with his brother, who was also his father-in-law. He died in Venetia. . . . After him MARCUS ANTONINUS held the government alone, a man whom any one may more easily admire than sufficiently commend. He was, from his earliest years, of a most tranquil disposition; so that even in his infancy he changed countenance neither for joy nor for sorrow. He was devoted to the Stoic philosophy, and was himself a philosopher, not only in his way of life, but in learning. . . .
Under his rule affairs were successfully conducted against the Germans. He himself carried on one war with the Marcomanni, but this was greater than any in the memory of man,so that it is compared to the Punic wars. . . . Having persevered, therefore, with the greatest labour and patience, for three whole years at Carnuntum,14 he brought the Marcomannic war to an end; a war which the Quadi, Vandals, Sarmatians, Suevi, and all the barbarians in that quarter, had joined with the Marcomanni in raising; he killed several thousand men, and, having delivered the Pannonians from slavery, triumphed a second time at Rome with his son Commodus Antoninus, whom he had previously made Caesar. . . . Having, then, rendered the state happy, both by his excellent management and gentleness of disposition, he died in the eighteenth year of his reign and the sixty-first of his life, and was enrolled among the gods, all unanimously voting that such honour should be paid him. Blindado
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238Gordian III 238-44 AD
AE 34 mm
Seleucia ad Calycadnum in Cilicia
City goddess seated left, small shrine at feet containing magistrates (?) name
BMC 39
Countermark Howgego 670
The plate coin from Sear's Greek Imperial Coinsmauseus
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2787A PISIDIA, Claudioseleucia Hadrian Dionysus standingReference. Extremely rare.
RPC III, 2787A; Cf. SNG Copenhagen 209; cf. Waddington 5043.
http://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/2787A/
Obv: ΚΑΙCΑΡ ΑΔΡΙΑΝΟC.
Laureate bust right.
Rev: ΚΛΑΥΔΙΟСΕΛΕΥΚΕΩΝ
Dionysus standing left, holding filleted thyrsus and pouring cantharus.
Note Gitbud & Naumann.
Though the reverse legend does not seem to match the Copenhagen and Waddington specimens (Aνθυ Κυιητ Υρκανων---a reading which is already questionable), the similarity in obverse legend and overall style makes an attribution to this city likely.
3.70 gr
16 mmokidoki
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283-285 AD - CARUS AE antoninianusobv: DIVO CARO (radiate head right)
rev: CONSECRATIO (eagle standing facing, head left), KAA in ex.
ref: RIC Vii 47, C 15 (1fr)
mint: Rome, struck under Numerian and Carinus
3.23gms, 22mm
Having defeated the Quadi and Sarmatians on the Danube, Carus proceeded through Thrace and Asia Minor, annexed Mesopotamia, pressed on to Seleucia and Ctesiphon, and carried his arms beyond the Tigris. His death was variously attributed to disease, the effects of lightning, or a wound received in a campaign against the Persians. The facts that he was leading a victorious campaign, and that his son Numerian succeeded him without opposition, suggest that his death may have been due to natural causes.berserker
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320. CarusMarcus Aurelius Carus (c. 230 - late July/early August, 283), Roman emperor (282-283), was born probably at Narbona (more correctly, Narona -- now the ruins at Vid, Croatia) in Illyria, but was educated at Rome. He was a senator, and had filled various civil and military posts before he was appointed prefect of the Praetorian Guard by the emperor Probus. After the murder of Probus at Sirmium, Carus was proclaimed emperor by the soldiers.
Although Carus severely avenged the death of Probus, he was himself suspected of having been an accessory to the deed. He does not seem to have returned to Rome after his accession, but contented himself with an announcement of the fact to the Senate.
Bestowing the title of Caesar upon his sons Carinus and Numerian, he left Carinus in charge of the western portion of the empire, and took Numerian with him on the expedition against the Persians which had been contemplated by Probus. Having defeated the Quadi and Sarmatians on the Danube, Carus proceeded through Thrace and Asia Minor, conquered Mesopotamia, pressed on to Seleucia and Ctesiphon, and carried his arms beyond the Tigris.
His hopes of further conquest were cut short by his death. One day, after a violent storm, it was announced that he was dead. His death was variously attributed to disease, the effects of lightning, or a wound received in a campaign against the Huns. However it seems more probable that he was murdered by the soldiers, who were averse to further campaigns against Persia, at the instigation of Arrius Aper, prefect of the Praetorian Guard.
VF/VF Carus AE Antoninianus / Virtus
Attribution: VM 16
Date: 282-283 AD
Obverse: IMP C M AVR CARVS P F AVG, radiate bust r.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVGGG, Carus receiving globe from Jupiter
Size: 20.32 mm
Weight: 2.7 grams
Description: An attractive Carus ant
ecoli
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3233 CILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum Hadrian, Heracles Reference.
RPC III, 3233/6; SNG France 968
Issue Year 20 (K)
Obv. ΤΟ Κ ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ ΤΡΑ ΑΔΡΙΑΝΟC ΣΕΒ Π
Laureate and cuirassed bust of Hadrian, r., with paludamentum, seen from rear.
Countermark ?
Rev. ϹΕΛΕΥΚΕΩΝ ΤΩ ΠΡ ΚΑΛΥ ΤΗϹ ΙΕΡ, ΚΑΙ ΑϹ ΑΥΤ (in field r.)
Heracles, wearing short chiton, standing, facing, head l., resting on club and lion’s skin.
14.22 gr
27 mm
6hokidoki
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4. Seleucia, Seleukos IISeleukos II Æ 19. Antioch mint. Bust of Athena right in crested helmet / Nike standing left crowning anchor with a wreath. Houghton CSE 51.
Ex- CNG sale 143, Lot: 340
ecoli
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ACRE (AKE/AKRE/AKKO) PTOLOMAIS - FENICIAAE 12 mm 1.4 gr.
Anv: Bustos apareados y laureados de Dioskouri. ” * “ arriba.
Rev: "ANTIOXEΩN / EN ΠTOΛEMAI" a derecha de una cornucopia, "IEPAΣ AΣYΛOY"? a izquierda y "LΠI" fecha seleuciana en exergo.
Acuñada: 125 - 96 A.C.
Ceca: Ake Ptolomais - Fenicia (Ubicado al norte de Haifa - en esta época formaba parte de los reinos Seléucidas)
Referencias: Sear GCTV Vol.2 #6047 var / 6046 Pag.555 - B.M.C. Vol.26 (Phoenicia) #10 Pag.129 - Houghton 810 - Hen #414mdelvalle
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Alexander II Zebina, Seleucia 128-123 B.C. AE20mm.Alexander II Zebina, Seleucia 128-123 B.C.
Obverse: Alexander facing right, dotted border.
Reverse: Young Dionysus standing with spear , ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΠΡ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ ΣLee S
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Alexander Severus - Seleucia Sidera222-235 AD
laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right from behind
ΑΥΤ Κ Μ ΑΥ ϹE__ΑΛEΞΑΝΔΡΟϹ ϹE
Hermes seated left holding purse and caduceus
ΚΛΑΥΔΙΟ ϹE_ΛEΥΚEΩΝ
RPC VI, 30381 (temporary)
10,25g 25mm
ex NBSJ. B.
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Antiochos IV Epiphanes, Laodice IV/ Elephant headAntiochos IV Epiphanes, 175-163 B.C. Ae 4,40 g, 14 mm. Seleucia-in-Pieria mint. Veiled bust of Laodice IV r. Border of dots / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ, Elephant head left. Houghton 113.Podiceps
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Antiochus II - tetradrachmSilver tetradrachm, Newell ESM 189, SNG Spaer 390, Houghton 963 (or similar to refs, monograms obscured), 16.69g; Seleucia on Tigris mint, ca. 255-246 B.C.; obverse: diademed head of Antiochus I right; reverse: BASILEWC / ANTI-OXOY, Apollo seated left on omphalos, examining arrow with right, resting left hand on grounded bow, monogram outer left, monogram outer right.
Notes: from FORVM ANCIENT COINSBartosz A
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Antiochus III 223 - 187 B.C.Antiochus III 223 - 187 B.C. Ae 14mm. 2.08g. (Seleucia on the Tigris - after 204 B.C.) Obv: Laureate bust of Apollo 3/4 r., dotted border. Rev: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ / ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ, tall tripod with holmos, dotted border. SC 1188, SNG Spaer 759ddwau
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Antiochus IV Epiphanes. AE16. Queen Laodice
SELEUKID KINGS of SYRIA. Antiochus IV Epiphanes serrated AE16. 175 - 164 B.C. Seleucia-in-Pieria mint. Veiled bust of Laodice IV r. Border of dots / BASILEWS ANTIOCOU, North African Elephant (Extinct) head left, prow of galley right. Houghton 113ancientone
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Asia Minor, Kilikia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, GallienusGallienus
Asia Minor, Kilikia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum
Obv.: AVK ΠΛK ΓAΛΛIHN/OC, Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right
Rev.: CEΛEVKEΩN TΩN T POC K /ΔΝ/Ω, Athena advancing right, thrusting spear at serpent-legged giant (not visible on the coin) throwing stones
AE, 10.42g, 29.4mm
Ref.: SNG Levante 789 var. (legend)
Ex Lanz Numismatik
shanxi
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Augustus- RPC 4251Seleucia Pieria - 5-4 BC.
22mm, 10.4gxokleng
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Byzantine Empire: Heraclius (610-641) ) Æ Half Follis, Seleucia Isauriae, RY 7 (Sear 847; DOC II.182a) Obv: Legend blundered, often illegible. Facing busts of Heraclius on left and Heraclius Constantine, smaller on right each wearing crown with cross, and chlamys; between their heads, cross
Rev: Large K between A/N/N/O and ЧI; above cross; beneath, A
Dim: 25.80 mm, 6.21 g, 7 h
Quant.Geek
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Byzantine Empire: Heraclius (610-641) Æ Follis, Seleucia Isauriae, RY 7 (Sear 845; DOC II.181) Obv: Blundered inscription; to left, Heraclius; to right, smaller Heraclius Constantine, each wears Chlamys and crown with cross, and holds globus cruciger in right hand; between their heads, cross
Rev: Large M between A/N/N/O and ЧI; above ⳩; beneath, A; in exergue, SЄLISЧ
Quant.Geek
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CARACALLAAR Tetradrachm. Seleucia ad Calycadnum. 10.59 gr. Laureate and cuirassed bust right seen from behind. AV K M AVR ANTΩNINOC. / Herakles standing right, wearing lion's skin and holding quiver by strap in right hand,club in his left. CEΛEYKEΩN TΩN ΠPOC TΩ KAΛYKAD CE in two circles around. Toned. SNG Levante 745 (this coin); Prieur 745. CP 1498.
Triton VII, Lot: 786. Leu 22 (8-9 May 1979), lot 306.
CNG photograph.benito
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CARACALLAAR Tetradrachm. Seleucia ad Calycadnum. 10.59 gr. Laureate and cuirassed bust right seen from behind. AV K M AVR ANTΩNINOC. / Herakles standing right, wearing lion's skin and holding quiver by strap in right hand,club in his left. CEΛEYKEΩN TΩN ΠPOC TΩ KAΛYKAD CE in two circles around. Toned. SNG Levante 745 (this coin); Prieur 745. CP 1498.
Triton VII, Lot: 786. Leu 22 (8-9 May 1979), lot 306.
benito
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Caracalla - Seleucia, SyriaAR tetradrachm
215-217 AD
laureate head right
AVT·K·M·A·_·ANTΩNEIN_OC CE_B
eagle facing, standing on thunderbolt, head right, wreath in beak
ΔHMAPX·EΞ·_VΠATO ?
Bellinger 76; Prieur 1188 var. (distribution of obv. legend).
13,8g 25mm
ex DionysosJ. B.
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CiliciaAE 29 mm
Seleucia ad Calycadnum
CEΛEVKEΩN KAΛVKAΔNΩ
BMC 57, SNG Levante 789mauseus
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Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Gallienus. Æ27. Athena/anguipede Giant Obv: Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: Athena advancing right, brandishing spear and shield at anguipede Giant, raising both hands.
27mm, 7.9 gm.
SNG Levante 789
ancientone
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CILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Septimius SeverusCILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Septimius Severus. AD 193-211. Æ (28mm, 11.64 g, 12h). Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Athena standing left, holding shield and spear, about to attack serpent-legged Giant to right. SNG France -; SNG Levante 736 var. (view of bust); SNG Levante Suppl. -; SNG Copenhagen -. Near VF, dark green and brown patina, two scratches before bust.
Ex - CNG Esale 239 lot 320
230/100
After Zeus had defeated the Titans in the Titantomachy and apportioned their former relatives to his fellow Olympians, he was compelled to resolve a conflict with the Giants, offspring of Gaia and Cronus. Known as the Gigantomachy, these chthonic half-man, half-serpent creatures attempted to wrestle power from the Olympians by casting them out of Olympus. To accomplish this, the Giants attempted to reach Olympus by heaping up one mountain range on top of the other. From above, Zeus and the other Olympians defended themselves by hurling their weapons. In the end, however, it was the assistance of Hercules, that won the day.
ecoli
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Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Severus AlexanderCILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Severus Alexander. AD 222-235. Æ (28mm, 11.46 g, 6h). Radiate and cuirassed bust right; c/m: ΔO monogram within triangular incuse / Athena right, about to spear giant throwing stones. SNG BN 1001; for c/m: Howgego 670. Fine, rough brown surfaces.
ecoli
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Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Severus Alexander Æ27.Obv: Radiate and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: Athena advancing right, thrusting spear at serpent-legged giant throwing stones.ancientone
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Cilicia, Seleucia ad Kalycadnum AE23. 2nd - 1st Century BC.Obv: Crested head of Athena right, monogram behind / CELEYKEWN TWN PPOC TWI KALUKADNWI.
Rev: Nike advancing left, carrying wreath & palm-frond, PAV and PA monograms to left.ancientone
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Cilicia, Seleukia ad Calycadnum, Gallienus SNG Lev. 789Gallienus AD 253-268
AE 26, 10g
obv. AYK PLK GALLIHN / OC
bust, draped and cuirassed, seen from behind,laureate, r.
rev. C[E]LEYK - E - WN K / ALYK / ADN / W
Athena stg. r., shield in l. hand, stabs with spear on Giant with snakelike feet,
kneeling before her. He grabs her spear with l. hand and has a rock in his
raised r. hand to throw it on her.
SNG Levante 789; BMC 57
rare, about VF
The reverse shows a scene of the Gigantomachia. After Zeus has locked up the Titans in the Tartaros Gaia sets her sons, the Giants, on the Olympic gods. They are human shaped with snakelike feet. The battle occured at Phlegra. The Giants throw rocks and mountains. They couldn't be killed by gods, only by humans. So Herakles came into play. He shot a poisoned arrow on Alkyoneus and dragged him over the frontier where he died. Athena throw the island of Sicily on another Giant where he was buried. His fire breathing came out of the Aetna until today.
For more information look at the thread 'Coins of mythological interest'Jochen
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Cilicia_Seleucia ad Calycadnum_Gordianus_III_SNG Lev 763 var.Gordianus III.
AE, Cilicia, Seleucia ad Calycadnum
Struck: 238-244 / 28-32 mm / 11,69 g
Av: ΜΑΡ ΑΝΤΩ-Ν ΓΟΡΔΙΑΝΟC
Radiate, cuirassed and draped bust right seen from behind
Countermark: Howgego 670
Rv: C[ΕΛΕΥ]ΚΕ-ΩΝ ΤΩ Π[ΡΟ]C / ΤΩ / ΚΑΛΥ
Athena Alcidemus advancing right, attacking anguipede Giant, raising hands in defense
Reference: SNG Lev 763 var. Andicz
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Claudius II - Seleucia SideraSep 268 - Aug 270
laureate and cuirassed bust right, decorated with Medusa
AY·K·M·__AYΡ·KΛAYΔIOC
Tyche standing left, holding rudder and cornucopia
KΛAYΔI_O__CEΛEYKEΩ_N
SNG France 1909; Aulock, Pisidien II 2075 (stgl.)
16,2g 33mm
ex SavocaJ. B.
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Demetrius I AE 32 Seleucia ad Tigium, BMC 54Sorry for the lousy picture.
Info taken from the dealer tag:
AE 32
36.2g. (really thick)
Seleucia ad Tigium mint
Obv: Diademed head of Demetrius I right
Rev: Naked Apollo Seated on omphalos left
BMC 54
Condition: VGcliff_marsland
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EB0130 Phraates IV / King and TychePhraates IV 38-2 BC, PARTHIAN KINGDOM, AR Tetradrachm, Seleucia mint.
Obverse: Bare-headed bust left with pointed beard, royal wart on brow, segmented necklet, wearing diadem.
Reverse: King seated right on throne, receiving a palm branch from Tyche left, holding a cornucopia; Greek inscription ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ / ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ / ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ / ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ.
References: Shore 272, Sell. 51, Seaby 7466.
Diameter: 28.5mm, Weight: 10.931g.EB
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EB0131 Phraates IV / King and TychePhraates IV 38-2 BC, PARTHIAN KINGDOM, AR Tetradrachm, Seleucia mint.
Obverse: Bare-headed bust left with pointed beard, royal wart on brow, segmented necklet, wearing diadem.
Reverse: King seated right on throne, receiving a palm branch from Tyche left, holding a cornucopia; Greek inscription ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ / ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ / ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ / ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ.
References: Shore 272, Sell. 51, Seaby 7466.
Diameter: 28.5mm, Weight: 12.358g.EB
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EB0132 Phraates IV / King and AthenaPhraates IV 38-2 BC, PARTHIAN KINGDOM, AR Tetradrachm, Seleucia mint.
Obverse: Diademed and draped bust left, wart on forehead.
Reverse: Phraates seated right on throne, Athena standing left before him, presenting diadem and holding scepter.
References: Sell. 52.5.
Diameter: 27mm, Weight: 10.783g.EB
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EB0139 Vardanes I / TycheVardanes I, 40-45 AD, PARTHIAN KINGDOM, Seleucia mint 43 AD.
Obverse: Bare-headed bust left with short pointed beard wearing diadem with loop at the top, hair in four waves, ear covered, wart on brow.
Reverse: King seated right on throne, receiving palm from Tyche holding cornucopia; 7-line legend; year date ΑΝΤ above palm (354 S.E. = A.D. 43), and month [ΔΥΣΤΡΟΥ] in exergue.
References: date illegible , Shore 351, Sell. 64.14
Diameter: 26.5mm, Weight: 13.957g.EB
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EB0150 Vologases VI / TycheVologases VI 206-228 AD, PARTHIAN KINGDOM, Billon Tetradrachm, Seleucia mint 220 AD.
Obverse: Bust left with long, tapered beard wearing tiara with hooks on crest, horn on side and long, curved earflap and earring. Lock of hair on forehead representing royal wart; B behind head. Diadem with loop at top and three ends.
Reverse: King seated left on throne, Tyche standing right before him, giving him diadem and holding scepter; standard legend off the flan and severely blundered. Seleucid date ΦΚB above diadem.
References: Shore 453, Sell. 88.4.
Diameter: 25.5mm, Weight: 13.373g.EB
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ELEPHANT, North African Elephant (Extinct)Antiochus IV Bronze. Seleucia-in-Pieria mint. Veiled bust of Laodice IV r. Border of dots / BASILEWS ANTIOCOU, North African Elephant (Extinct) head left. Houghton 113 ancientone
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Elymais - Kamnaskires III. w/Anzaze, ca. 82/1 - 73/72AR tdr., 16,07gr, 0,29mm;
Van’t H. 7.11-4, Alram 454, pl.15, Sunrise 470var. (countermark);
Mint: Seleucia on the Hedyphon, axis: 12:30, date: ΓAΣ= SE 233 (80/79 BC);
obv.: conjoined busts of Kamnaskires III. and Anzaze wearing stephane; king w/medium long hair, diadem w/ 2 ribbons, mustache, long, pointed beard; earring, triple torque w/ pellet finial; festive tunic w/ ample decorations; Anzaze wearing triple necklace, the bottom row of pearls; in right field anchor, partly off flan;
rev.: Zeus-Belos, left, on throne, the left hand holding a long vertical staff, on his right extended hand Nike offering diadem; in front of Zeus’ legs the Greek word MAKEΔΩN; 4-line legend : IACIΛEΩC (K)AMNACKIIO(Y) ANZAZHC KΛIIΛCIΛIICH, in exergue: ΓΛΣ (date). Schatz
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Gallienus - SNG Levante 787CILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, 253-268 AD.
Gallienus. Æ (27mm, 12.39 g, 6h).
Radiate and cuirassed bust right /
standing left, with right foot on globe, holding wreath and palm.
From the Kelly J. Krizan, M.D. Collection.
ex CNGxokleng
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Gordian III, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Athena fighting serpent-legged giant, AE28Bronze AE 29, BMC 38, gF, 13.808g, 27.7mm, 180o, obverse ANTΩNIOC-ΓΩPΔ(IANOCCE)BATOC (sic), radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right; reverse CELEUK-E-(ΩNTΩΠPOC)-KAΛV-KAΔ, Athena standing right, spear in right, shield in left, striking down serpent-footed giant, who is hurling a stone with right hand; nice green patina
Obverse countermarked with monogram of K and A, in 4 x 5 mm punch, Howgego 618 (52 pcs). The countermark likely refers to Calycadnum. Second countermark contains dot, in triangular punch, 6 x 5 mm, Howgego 670 (206 pcs). Not likely to be a denominational countermark.
ex Automan collection, ex FORVMareich
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Gordian III, Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Athena, AE25AE25, 8.83g, 0°,
obv: MAP ANTΩN ΓORΔIANOC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
rev: CEΛEUKEΩN, helmeted bust of Athena right
ex CNG Sale 60, lot 1214, 22 May 2002; ex FORVMareich
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Gotarzes II(14.16 gm; 28 mm). Minted at Seleucia on the Tigris in month Apellaios, year 358 SE (AD. 46). Diademed bust left / Gotarzes seated right, receiving wreath from Tyche standing left, holding cornucopia; (year) above. Sellwood 65.8var.; Shore 361; Sunrise 416.
Upon the death of their father Artabanos III, Vardanes I (the principal heir) and Gotarzes II contested for the kingship. Vardanes was eventually successful, but was murdered shortly thereafter. Like his father, Gotarzes’ subsequent rule was primarily consumed with internal strife. Also like his father, his primary rivals were supported by Rome as well as some of the Iranian nobility. He was ultimately successful, but his rule accomplished little, as the constant strife continued the overall slow decline of the Parthian kingdom.ThatParthianGuy
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GREEK, CSE 937 (this coin); CSE Plate 56, 937 (this coin)Seleukid Kingdom, Seleukos I Nikator, 312-281 BC, AR Tetradrachm - Seleukeia on the Tigris
Head of Herakles right wearing lion skin headdress.
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΣEΛEYKOY Zeus Nikephoros seated left, NO in left field.
SC 119.3(a); HGC 9, 16f; ESM 23 (same dies A27-P79); CSE 937 (this coin); CSE 2, 58 (AHNS 1047).
Seleukeia on the Tigris mint ca. 300-296 BC.
(25 mm, 16.91 g, 12h).
ex-William K. Raymond Collection; ex- Arthur Houghton Collection.
Some time in the last five years of the fourth century BC the mint at Seleukeia on the Tigris opened to issue coinage in the name of Seleukos. Initial issues maintained the Zeus Aëtophoros (eagle) reverse image. However, shortly thereafter, the Zeus Nikephoros (Nike) image was introduced in parallel with the Aëtophoros image. The Nikephoros reverse was a direct allusion to Seleukos victory over Antigonos at Ipsos in 301 BC. This is one of three known examples of SC 119.3(a). The others are ESM 23 in the Danish national collection Copenhagen and CSE 2, 58 (AHNS 1047). Seleucid Coins lists another from the Tricala 1979 hoard (CH IX, 000) in the Athens Numismatic Museum, but this is in fact an example of ESM 24 (Zeus Aëtophoros) that was incorrectly catalogued as ESM 23 by Oeconomides - refer Oeconomides Pl. 66, 109. All noted examples are from the same obverse die. The obverse of this coin is a die match to that of a Zeus Aëtophoros issue with identical NO primary control which is now found in the Berlin collection (ESM 24; Newell Pl V, 4). n.igma
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Greek, Seleucia in Pieria, Antiochos IV & Laodike IVAE 16.6x17.3mm serrate
Obv. Head of Laodike IV right, veiled;
monogram behind neck.
Rev. BASILEWS ANTIOXOU. Head of elephant left with upraised trunk; bow of galley at right. Monogram above trunk. Dotted borders.
Minted at Seleucia in Pieria,
ca. 175-164 BC
Laodike IV was both Antiochos IV' s wife and his sister.
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Greek, Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochos IV; Laodike IV and elephantAE 14.2x15.5mm
Obv. Head of Laodike IV right, veiled,
monogram at left, dotted border.
Rev. BASILEWS ANTIOXOU
Head of elephant left, trunk raised;
prow of galley at right, monogram above trunk;
dotted border.
Mint: Seleucia in Pieria
175-164 BC
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Greek, Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochos IV; Laodike IV and elephantAE 16.6x17.3mm serrate
Obv. Head of Laodike IV right, veiled.
Monogram at left. Dotted border
Rev. BASILEWS ANTIOXOU
Head of elephant left, trunk raised.
Prow of Galley at right. Delta above trunk.
Mint: Seleucia in Pieria
175-164 BC
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GREEK, Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochus I Soter, 281 - 261 B.C.GY85675. Silver tetradrachm, Houghton-Lorber I 379.6a, Newell ESM 166, HGC 9 128g, Choice VF, well centered and struck, high relief portrait, attractive toning, bumps and marks, closed edge crack, weight 16.667 g, maximum diameter 28.1 mm, die axis 0o, Seleucia on the Tigris mint, c. 263 - 261 B.C.; obverse diademed head right; reverse Apollo seated left on omphalos, examining arrow with right, resting left hand on grounded bow, monogram (primary control symbol) outer left, ∆/ΩP monogram (secondary control symbol) outer right, BAΣIΛEΩΣ (king) downward on right, ANT-IOXOY downward on leftJoe Sermarini
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GREEK, Seleukid Kingdom, Antiochus I Soter, tetradrachmAntiochus I Soter, 281 – 261
Tetradrachm, Seleucia on Tigris 281-261 BC, AR 17.09 g. Diademed head r. Rev. BAΣIΛEΩΣ – ANT – IOXOY; Apollo seated l. on omphalos, holding arrow in r. hand and resting the l. on bow set r. on ground; in r. and l. field, monograms. ESM 177. SC 379.6c. SNG Spaer 296.
ex NAC, Auction 97, lot 302, ex CNG sale 99, 2015, 324areich
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GREEK, Seleukid Kingdom, Antochos IV; Laodike IV and elephantAE 15.2x16.4mm serrate
Obv. Head of Laodike IV right,
monogram at left, dotted border.
Rev. BASILEWS ANTIOXOU
Head of elephant left, trunk raised,
prow of galley at right, monogram above trunk.
Mint: Seleucia in Pieria
Houghton, Coins of the Seleucid Empire #113
175-164 BC
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GREEK, Seleukid Kingdom, Seleucia in Pieria, Antiochos IV & Laodike IV, AE16AE 15.8x16.5mm serrate
Obv. Head of Laodike IV right, veiled, monogram to left, dotted border.
Rev. BASILEWS ANTIOXOU. Head of elephant left, trunk raised; prow of galley at right, monogram above trunk; dotted border.
Mint: Seleucia in Pieria, 175-164 BC.
Laodike IV was both the wife and sister of Antiochus !V.
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GREEK, Seleukid Kingdom, Seleukos I Nikator, AR Tetradrachm, Seleucia on Tigris, 312-281 BCThe Seleucid Kings, Seleucus I Nicator, 312- 281 Seleucia on the Tigris Tetradrachm circa 300, AR 28mm., 16.86g.
Obv:Head of Heracles r. wearing lion's skin headdress.
Rev. Zeus seated l. on throne holding sceptre and Nike who reaches r. to crown him.
Seleucid Coins 119.1. ESM 13.
Naville auc 16 lot 60
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Howgego 670Severus Alexander --AE34, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Laureate and cuirassed bust right; c/m: D with central pellet / Nike standing facing with wings spread, holding tabula ansata inscribed ELEV/QEPAC in two lines. SNG Levante -; SNG Levante Suppl. 197 (this coin); SNG France 992-994 (same dies); SNG von Aulock -; c/m: Howgego 670. Ex Eduardo Levante Collection. (featherz collection)featherz
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Huge Philip! :)Philip I --CILICIA, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. AE37mm (24.10 gm). Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Confronted busts of Artemis-Tyche (with cornucopiae and polos) and Apollo (with palm branch). SNG Levante 778 (this coin).featherz
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Huge Severus Alexander! :)Severus Alexander --AE34, Seleucia ad Calycadnum. Laureate and cuirassed bust right; c/m: D with central pellet / Nike standing facing with wings spread, holding tabula ansata inscribed ELEV/QEPAC in two lines. SNG Levante -; SNG Levante Suppl. 197 (this coin); SNG France 992-994 (same dies); SNG von Aulock -; c/m: Howgego 670. Ex Eduardo Levante Collection.featherz
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I - VALERIANUS I - b-01 - AE36 - CILICIA // SELEUCIA AD CALYCADNOS - SNG Levante 786v Av) AV K ΠO ΛIK OVAΛEPIANOC
Radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rv) CЄΛЄVKЄΩN TΩN ΠPOC KAΛVKAΔNΩ
Confronted busts of Apollo, laureate, facing right, laurel branch before, and Artemis-Tyche, wearing small modius and facing left, cornucopiae behind
Weight: 21.43 g; Ø: 36 mm, References: SNG Levante786v; SNG Leypold 2613
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Jotapian, UsurperJotapian. Usurper, circa AD 248-249
AR Antoninianus (23mm, 2.44 g, 1h).
Nicopolis in Seleucia mint.
Obv: IM C M F R IOTAPIANVS, radiate and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind
Rev: VICTORI A A VG, Victory, draped, advancing left, holding wreath in right hand and cradling palm frond in left arm.
RIC IV 2c; Bland 15 (dies VIII/xii); RSC 2.
Toned, porous, rough surfaces, deposits, small flan bend. Good Fine. Very rare.
CNG eAuction 513, Lot 443Mark Z
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Kamnaskires V, AR HemidrachmKamnaskires V, AR Hemidrachm, 54/3-33/2 BC
Obv: Bearded bust left wearing diadem
Rev: Bearded bust left within Greek legend
Mint: Seleucia on the Hedyphon (?)
Weight: 1.8 grams
Size: 13 mm
Die axis 2 o'clock
van't Haaff 9.1.3-3
de Morgan 12
Sear GIC 5886
BMC 28 249 9 (listed as Group B under Kamnaskires III and successors)
Alram 465Howard Cole
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Kamnaskires V, BI TetradrachmKamnaskires V, silvered AE or BI Tetradrachm, 54/3-33/2 B.C.
Obv. Bust left, to right anchor with rosette above.
Rev. Degraded bust in square formed by degraded Greek legend.
Mint: Seleucia on the Hedyphon
Weight: 14.4 grams
Die axis 11 o'clock
van't Haaff 9.1.1-7 (late in the series)
de Morgan 17
Sear GIC 5888
BMC 28 250 1 (Listed under Group C, Kamnaskires III, and successors)
Alram NB1
Mitchiner ACW 703Howard Cole
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KINGS OF PARTHIA--VOLOGASES IV147 - 191 AD
AE Dichalkous (crude) 12X14.8 mm, 2.75 g
O: Bust of Vologases IV left with tapering square-cut beard wearing diadem and tiara ; in front, Greek letters -PY (date)
R: Bust of Tyche right; in front, Greek letter Α
Parthia, Seleucia on the Tigris mint
Sellwood 84.144-153
(no longer in collection)laney
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Marcus Aurelius RIC III, 163Marcus Aurelius AD 161-180
AR - Denar, 3.53g, 18.1mm, Rome summer-Dec. 166
obv. M ANTONINVS AVG ARM PARTH MAX, laureate head l.
rev. TRP XX IMP IIII COS III, Victoria standing facing, holding palmbranch in l., and with r. put shield with VIC PAR on a palmtree
RIC III, 163; C.878
The war against the Parthians AD 161-166:
The tension between Rome and the Parthians were growing due to the control over Armenia, the important buffer state, after the death of Antoninus and the uncertainties in Rome (two emperors!). Volagaeses III put his candidate on the throne. So Marc Aurel decided to send Lucius Verus, who has a bad reputation, and his best general Avidius Cassius. They succeded in catching and destroying towns and fortresses, f.e. Seleucia and Ctesiphon. The Roman advance was so quick that it reminds on Alexander the Great. AD 166 the Parthians surrendered and Rome could put his candidate on the Armenian throne. Jochen
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Parthia - Gotarzes II (44-51 AD)Metal/Size: AR 25.66; Weight: 14.6 grams; Denomination: Tetradrachm; Mint: Seleucia-on-the-Tigris; Date:49-50 AD; Obverse: Bare-headed bust left with four strand diadem, loop and three ribbons; medium-long hair in four rows of circular curls, lock on temple, mustache, long beard, four-turn necklace, cuirass/tunic with star on chest; Reverse: King, right, on throne, facing goddess w/cornucopia and receiving diadem; year XT (49 AD) between the heads; exergual line; 6-lines of legend visible: (BACIΛEΩC) (BA)CIΛEΩ(N) (A)PCAKO(Y) EVEPΓETO(Y) ΔIKAKOY(to be read from the inside) APTEMIC(IOY) EΠIΦΛNO(YC) (ΦIΛEΛΛHNOC); date: March/April 49 AD; References: Sellwood #65.20; Shore #361.museumguy
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Parthia - Vologases III (105-147 AD)Metal/Size: AE20; Weight: 2.70 grams; Denomination: Dichalkon; Mint: Seleucia-on-the-Tigris; Date: 105-147 AD; Obverse: Bust facing, pointed beard, wearing a tiara with earflaps; at right inscription (?). Reverse: Tyche left seated on a column; in front, a palm branch. Reference: Sellwood #79.50.museumguy
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Parthia - Vologases IV (147-191 AD)Metal/Size: AR 29; Weight: 12.41 grams; Denomination: Tetradrachm; Mint: Seleucia-on-the-Tigris; Date:153 AD (465 ΕΞΥ ΔΙΟΥ); Obverse: Bust left with long, tapered beard with square cut end; wearing diadem and tiara with hooks on crest, horn on side and long, curved earflap. Lock of hair representing royal wart on forehead; earring visible, B behind head. Diadem with loop at top and four ends. Reverse: Male wearing tiara with "hooks" round crest and diadem seated left on throne, extending right hand, grasping hilt of sword in left; to his left, Tyche stands right presenting diadem in right hand, holding scepter in left; above diadem, Greek letters ΣΞΥ; below baseline, Greek letters ΔΙΟΥ; seven-line Greek inscription (L84i); no border - ΒΑΣΙΛΣΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΣΩΝ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΟΛΑΓΑΣΟΥ ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ ΣΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΣΛΛΗΝΟΣ (King of Kings Arsaces, Vologases the Just the Noble, the Greek Loving). References: Sellwood #84.16; Shore #428.museumguy
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Parthia - Vologases IV (147-191 AD)Metal/Size: AE 15; Weight: 2.6 grams; Denomination: Dichalkon; Mint: Seleucia-on-the-Tigris; Date: 147-191 AD; Obverse: Bust left, long beard, wearing a tiara with hooks on crest, horn on side and a curved neck flap in front, date in front of head. Reverse: Nike seated left on column, with palm to her right; no discernible dates or monograms. Reference: Sellwood 84.155.museumguy
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Parthia, Sellwood 87.15., Vologases V. (191-208 A.D.), BI-Tetradrachm, King left on throne, #1Parthia, Sellwood 87.15., Vologases V. (191-208 A.D.), BI-Tetradrachm, King left on throne, #1
avers: King head, left, w/multi-strand diadem, loop, and 4 ribbons, curly hair on top, side hair in a bun of concentric curls over the ear, mustache, long triangular beard, earring (?) 2-layer necklace w/central medallion, tunic/cuirass w/ornamental border.
reverse: King, left, on the throne, receiving wreath or diadem from facing goddess in a long robe, between the heads the year HΦ (194/195 AD), exergual line, partial letters around the edge.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 24mm, weight: 13,12g, axes: 0h,
mint: Seleucia, date:HΦ=194/195 A.D., ref: Sellwood 87.15, Shore 444,
Q-001quadrans
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Parthia, Vologases VI Tetradrachm, Sellwood 88.2Seleucia Mint, Vologases VI Tetradrachm 208-222 A.D. BI, 24mm 9.94g, Sellwood 88.2
O: Bust left with long, tapered beard wearing tiara with hooks on crest, horn on side and long, curved earflap and earring, lock of hair on forehead representing royal wart, B behind head.
R: King seated left on throne, Tyche standing right before him, giving him diadem and holding scepter; standard legend off the flan and severely blundered. Seleucid date uncertain above diadem
casata137ec
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Gotarzes II (c. 40-51BC), AR TetradrachmWeight: 14.33 g
Size: 26 mm
Condition: VFVF
Minted in the city of Seleucia in November 50 BC (year 362 of the Seleucian calendar).
Obv: bare-headed bust left with long, somewhat pointed beard; diadem with loop at the top and three
ends. Lock
of hair representing royal wart on forehead; border of dots
Rev: King enthroned right, receiving diadem from Thyche holding cornucopia.
Ref: Sellwood 65.29 ; Shore 362
Rarity: Common
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Phraates IV (c. 38 - 2 B.C.), AR TetradrachmWeight: 14.82 g
Size: 26 mm
Condition: VF/VF
Minted in Seleucia in November 50 BC (Year 362 of Seleucian Era).
Obv: bust left with pointed beard wearing diadem and segmented torque with medallion; a wart visible on
forehead;
Rev: archer seated right on throne, holding bow in right hand; below bow, monogram
Ref: Sellwood 54.1
Rarity: Common
Value: 150
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Unknown KingAR Drachm of 2nd Unknown King that probably reigned between 80-70 BC.
Rare coin minted at Seleucia.
Weight: 5.4g
Ø: 20*19mm
Obv: Bearded bust left, hair style covering ears.
Rev: Archer enthroned right.
Greek Legends: BASILEWS / MEGALOU / ARSAKOU / QEOPATWROS EUERGETOU
Condition: EF/EF
Ref: Sellwood 30 - unknown subtype - Shore 137-138
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Vardanes II (c. 58-55 BC), AR TetradrachmWeight: 14.17 g
Size: 26 mm
Condition: EF/EF
Minted at Seleucia between 56/55 BC (Year 367 of Seleucian Era).
Obv: bust left with very short beard wearing diadem and spiral torque; four waves in hair cover ear, hair
above
diadem as ringlets; wart on forehead is visible; circular border of dots
Rev: male wearing diadem seated left on throne, extending right hand, grasping hilt of sword in left; to
his left,
Tyche stands right presenting diadem in right hand, and holding scepter in left; above diadem, Greek
letters
tr_sqStigma-X-T.gif (44x15 -- 949 bytes); in exergue, Greek letters ΥΠΕΡΒ; seven-line Greek inscription
[ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥ]ΕΡΓΕΤ[ΟΥ] ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟ[ΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ] , year = 366
Seleucid
era
Ref: Sellwood 69.1-6 ; Shore 382
Rarity: Scarce
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Vologases II (c. 208-228 AD), AR TetradrachmWeight: 9.97 g
Size: 25 mm
Condition: VF/F
Minted in Seleucia
Obv: bust of king left with pointed bearded, ear visible, wearing tiara decorated with "hooks", behind a sequence
Greek letter Β
Rev: king seated left on throne receiving diadem from Tyche with scepter, inscription: [ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ] ΒΑΣΙΛΕ[ΩΝ] /
[ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ] ΟΛΑΓΑΣ[ΟΥ] / ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ / ΕΠΙΦΑΝ[ΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ]; between heads, ΘΠΤ (S.E. 389 = A.D. 77/78);
Ref: Sellwood 72.1 ; Shore 387
Rarity: R2
Value: 800
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Philip I - SNG Levante 777Seleucia ad Calycadnum 244-249 AD.
37 mm, 19 g.
Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right; c/m: KA monogram within incuse
Draped bust of Artemis-Tyche right, with cornucopia behind, vis-à-vis laureate and draped bust of Apollo left, with laurel branch before.xokleng
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Pisidia, Antioch. Septimius Severus. 198-217 AD. Pisidia, Antioch. Septimius Severus. 198-217 AD. AE 22mm (5.21 gm). Obverse: Laureate, head left. Reverse: Mên standing facing, head right, foot on bucranium, holding sceptre and Nike on globe; cock at feet left. SNG France 3, 1118. Cleaning scratches, very fine. Ex Tom Vossen.
De Imperatoribus Romanis
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors
Septimius Severus (193-211 A.D.)
Michael L. Meckler
Ohio State University
Introduction
Lucius Septimius Severus restored stability to the Roman empire after the tumultuous reign of the emperor Commodus and the civil wars that erupted in the wake of Commodus' murder. However, by giving greater pay and benefits to soldiers and annexing the troublesome lands of northern Mesopotamia into the Roman empire, Septimius Severus brought increasing financial and military burdens to Rome's government. His prudent administration allowed these burdens to be met during his eighteen years on the throne, but his reign was not entirely sunny. The bloodiness with which Severus gained and maintained control of the empire tarnished his generally positive reputation.
Severus' Early Life and Acclamation
Severus was born 11 April 145 in the African city of Lepcis Magna, whose magnificent ruins are located in modern Libya, 130 miles east of Tripoli. Septimius Severus came from a distinguished local family with cousins who received suffect consulships in Rome under Antoninus Pius. The future emperor's father seems not to have held any major offices, but the grandfather may have been the wealthy equestrian Septimius Severus commemorated by the Flavian-era poet Statius.
The future emperor was helped in his early career by one of his consular cousins, who arranged entry into the senate and the favor of the emperor Marcus Aurelius. Life as a senator meant a life of travel from one government posting to another. Moorish attacks on his intended post of Baetica (southern Spain) forced Severus to serve his quaestorship in Sardinia. He then traveled to Africa as a legate and returned to Rome to be a tribune of the plebs. Around the year 175 he married Paccia Marciana, who seems also to have been of African origin. The childless marriage lasted a decade or so until her death.
Severus' career continued to flourish as the empire passed from Marcus to Commodus. The young senator held a praetorship, then served in Spain, commanded a legion in Syria and held the governorships of Gallia Lugdunensis (central France), Sicily and Upper Pannonia (easternmost Austria and western Hungary). While in Gallia Lugdunensis in 187, the now-widowed future emperor married Julia Domna, a woman from a prominent family of the Syrian city of Emesa. Two sons quickly arrived, eleven months apart: Bassianus (known to history as Caracalla) in April of the year 188, and Geta in March 189.
News of Pertinax's assassination 28 March 193 in an uprising by the praetorian guard quickly reached Pannonia, and only twelve days later on 9 April 193, Severus was proclaimed emperor. Septimius Severus had the strong support of the armies along the Rhine and Danube, but the loyalty of the governor of Britain, Clodius Albinus, was in doubt. Severus' envoys from Pannonia offered Albinus the title of Caesar, which he accepted.
The Civil Wars with Albinus, Niger, and Didius Julianus
In the city of Rome, Didius Julianus gained the support of the praetorian troops and was promoted as the successor to Pertinax. Although Julianus' authority did not extend much beyond Italy, Severus understood that legitimacy for a Roman emperor meant having one's authority accepted in Rome. He and his army began a swift march to the city. They met practically no resistance on their advance from Pannonia into northern Italy, as Julianus' supporters defected. By the beginning of June when Severus reached Interamna, 50 miles north of Rome, even the praetorian guard stationed in the capital switched sides. Didius Julianus was declared a public enemy and killed. Septimius Severus entered Rome without a fight.
Civil war was not yet over. Another provincial governor also had his eyes on the throne. In Syria, Pescennius Niger had been proclaimed emperor on news of Pertinax's death, and the eastern provinces quickly went under his authority. Byzantium became Niger's base of operations as he prepared to fight the armies of the west loyal to Severus.
Niger was unable to maintain further advances into Europe. The fighting moved to the Asian shore of the Propontis, and in late December 193 or early January 194, Niger was defeated in a battle near Nicaea and fled south. Asia and Bithynia fell under Severus' control, and Egypt soon recognized Severus' authority. By late spring, Niger was defeated near Issus and the remainder of his support collapsed. Syria was pacified. Niger was killed fleeing Antioch. Byzantium, however, refused to surrender to Severan forces. Niger's head was sent to the city to persuade the besieged citizens to give up, but to no avail. The Byzantines held out for another year before surrender. As punishment for their stubbornness, the walls of their city were destroyed.
Severus' Eastern Campaigns
During the fighting, two of the peoples of upper Mesopotamia -- the Osrhoeni and the Adiabeni -- captured some Roman garrisons and made an unsuccessful attack on the Roman-allied city of Nisibis. After the defeat of Niger, these peoples offered to return Roman captives and what remained of the seized treasures if the remaining Roman garrisons were removed from the region. Severus refused the offer and prepared for war against the two peoples, as well as against an Arabian tribe that had aided Niger. In the spring of 195, Severus marched an army through the desert into upper Mesopotamia. The native peoples quickly surrendered, and Severus added to his name the victorious titles Arabicus and Adiabenicus. Much of the upper third of Mesopotamia was organized as a Roman province, though the king of Osrhoene was allowed to retain control of a diminished realm.
The tottering Parthian empire was less and less able to control those peoples living in the border regions with Rome. Rome's eastern frontier was entering a period of instability, and Severus responded with an interventionist policy of attack and annexation. Some senators feared that increased involvement in Mesopotamia would only embroil Rome in local squabbles at great expense. The emperor, however, would remain consistent in his active eastern policy.
Legitimization of the Severan Dynasty
Severus also took steps to cement his legitimacy as emperor by connecting himself to the Antonine dynasty. Severus now proclaimed himself the son of Marcus Aurelius, which allowed him to trace his authority, through adoption, back to the emperor Nerva. Julia Domna was awarded the title "Mother of the Camp" (mater castrorum), a title only previously given to the empress Faustina the Younger, Marcus' wife. Bassianus, the emperor's elder son, was renamed Marcus Aurelius Antoninus and given the title Caesar. It was this last step that marked a decisive break with Albinus.
Albinus had remained in Britain as governor during the struggles between Severus and Niger. Although Albinus had not attempted open revolt against the emperor, he seems to have been in communication with senators about future moves. By the end of 195, Albinus was declared a public enemy by Severus. The governor of Britain responded by proclaiming himself emperor and invading Gaul.
A weary Roman populace used the anonymity of the crowd at the chariot races to complain about renewed civil war, but it was Gaul that bore the brunt of the fighting. Albinus and his supporters were able to inflict losses on the occasion of the initial attacks, but disorder was so great that opportunistic soldiers could easily operate on their own within the lands under Albinus' nominal control.
The tide began to turn early in 197, and after a Severan victory at Tournus, Albinus found himself and his army trapped near Lyon. A battle broke out 19 February 197. In the initial fighting, Albinus' troops forced the Severans into retreat, during which Severus fell off his horse. When the Severan cavalry appeared, however, Albinus' army was routed. Lyon was sacked and Albinus, who was trapped in a house along the river Rhône, committed suicide. Severus ordered Albinus' head to be cut off and sent to Rome for display. Many of Albinus' supporters were killed, including a large number of Spanish and Gallic aristocrats. Albinus' wife and children were killed, as were many of the wives of his supporters. Tradition also told of the mutilation of bodies and denial of proper burial. The emperor revealed a penchant for cruelty that troubled even his fervent supporters. A purge of the senate soon followed. Included among the victims was Pertinax's father-in-law, Sulpicianus.
Severus and the Roman Military
Severus brought many changes to the Roman military. Soldiers' pay was increased by half, they were allowed to be married while in service, and greater opportunities were provided for promotion into officer ranks and the civil service. The entire praetorian guard, discredited by the murder of Pertinax and the auctioning of their support to Julianus, was dismissed. The emperor created a new, larger praetorian guard out of provincial soldiers from the legions. Increases were also made to the two other security forces based in Rome: the urban cohorts, who maintained order; and the night watch, who fought fires and dealt with overnight disturbances, break-ins and other petty crime. These military reforms proved expensive, but the measures may well have increased soldiers' performance and morale in an increasingly unsettled age.
One location that remained unsettled was the eastern frontier. In 197 Nisibis had again been under siege, and the emperor prepared for another eastern campaign. Three new legions were raised, though one was left behind in central Italy to maintain order. The Roman armies easily swept through upper Mesopotamia, traveling down the Euphrates to sack Seleucia, Babylon and Ctesiphon, which had been abandoned by the Parthian king Vologaeses V. On 28 January 198 -- the centenary of Trajan's accession -- Severus took the victorious title Parthicus Maximus and promoted both of his sons: Caracalla to the rank of Augustus and Geta to the rank of Caesar.
Before embarking on the eastern campaign, the emperor had named Gaius Fulvius Plautianus as a praetorian prefect. Plautianus came from the emperor's home town of Lepcis, and the prefect may even have been a relative of the emperor. The victories in Mesopotamia were followed by tours of eastern provinces, including Egypt. Plautianus accompanied Severus throughout the travels, and by the year 201 Plautianus was the emperor's closest confidant and advisor. Plautianus was also praetorian prefect without peer after having arranged the murder of his last colleague in the post.
Upon the return to Rome in 202, the influence of Plautianus was at its height. Comparisons were made with Sejanus, the powerful praetorian prefect under the emperor Tiberius. Plautianus, who earlier had been adlected into the senate, was now awarded consular rank, and his daughter Plautilla was married to Caracalla. The wealth Plautianus had acquired from his close connection with the emperor enabled him to provide a dowry said to have been worthy of fifty princesses. Celebrations and games also marked the decennalia, the beginning of the tenth year of Severus' reign. Later in the year the enlarged imperial family traveled to Lepcis, where native sons Severus and Plautianus could display their prestige and power.
The following year the imperial family returned to Rome, where an arch, still standing today, was dedicated to the emperor at the western end of the Forum. Preparations were also being made for the Secular Games, which were thought to have originated in earliest Rome and were to be held every 110 years. Augustus celebrated the Secular Games in 17 B.C., and Domitian in A.D. 88, six years too early. (Claudius used the excuse of Rome's 800th year to hold the games in A.D. 47.) In 204 Severus would preside over ten days of ceremonies and spectacles.
By the end of 204, Plautianus was finding his influence with the emperor on the wane. Caracalla was not happy to be the husband of Plautilla. Julia Domna resented Plautianus' criticisms and investigations against her. Severus was tiring of his praetorian prefect's ostentation, which at times seemed to surpass that of the emperor himself. The emperor's ailing brother, Geta, also denounced Plautianus, and after Geta's death the praetorian prefect found himself being bypassed by the emperor. In January 205 a soldier named Saturninus revealed to the emperor a plot by Plautianus to have Severus and Caracalla killed. Plautianus was summoned to the imperial palace and executed. His children were exiled, and Caracalla divorced Plautilla. Some observers suspected the story of a plot was merely a ruse to cover up long-term plans for Plautianus' removal.
Severus and Roman Law
Two new praetorian prefects were named to replace Plautianus, one of whom was the eminent jurist Papinian. The emperor's position as ultimate appeals judge had brought an ever-increasing legal workload to his office. During the second century, a career path for legal experts was established, and an emperor came to rely heavily upon his consilium, an advisory panel of experienced jurists, in rendering decisions. Severus brought these jurists to even greater prominence. A diligent administrator and conscientious judge, the emperor appreciated legal reasoning and nurtured its development. His reign ushered in the golden age of Roman jurisprudence, and his court employed the talents of the three greatest Roman lawyers: Papinian, Paul and Ulpian.
The order Severus was able to impose on the empire through both the force of arms and the force of law failed to extend to his own family. His now teenaged sons, Caracalla and Geta, displayed a reckless sibling rivalry that sometimes resulted in physical injury. The emperor believed the lack of responsibilities in Rome contributed to the ill-will between his sons and decided that the family would travel to Britain to oversee military operations there. Caracalla was involved in directing the army's campaigns, while Geta was given civilian authority and a promotion to joint emperor with his father and brother.
Severus was now into his 60s. Chronic gout limited his activities and sapped his strength. The emperor's health continued to deteriorate in Britain, and he became ever more intent on trying to improve the bitter relationship between his two sons. He is reported to have given his sons three pieces of advice: "Get along; pay off the soldiers; and disregard everyone else." The first piece of advice would not be heeded.
Severus died in York on 4 February 211 at the age of 65. His reign lasted nearly 18 years, a duration that would not be matched until Diocletian. Culturally and ideologically Septimius Severus connected his reign to the earlier Antonine era, but the reforms he enacted would eventually alter the very character of Roman government. By creating a larger and more expensive army and increasing the influence of lawyers in administration, Severus planted the seeds that would develop into the highly militaristic and bureaucratic government of the later empire.
Copyright (C) 1998, Michael L. Meckler. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis, An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors; http://www.roman-emperors.org/sepsev.htm. Used by permission.
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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