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OBV:+ RENATI* D[V]X* BARREN* Z* LOTHO’ M;René, Duke of Bar
and Lorraine.(Quartered field of Anjou and Bar, an escutcheon
of Lorraine embroidered over the whole)
REV:MONET* FAC-TA* [IN*] S* MICHAL Currency minted in Saint-
(Pal sword cutting the legend and next to a bar accompanied by
two crossettes and an alerion.)
Mint: Saint Mihiel
Date: 1431-1452.
Roberts 9425, BD 1492
23mm, 1.24g
ex cng eauction 535, Lot 863 29/3/23
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René of Anjou (1409-1480), better known as "Good King René" was also Count of Provence (1434-1480), Duke of Bar (1419-1480). By his marriage to Isabelle de Lorraine, the daughter of Duke Charles, he became Duke of Lorraine. He was also king of Naples (1438-1442), titular king of Sicily and nominal of Jerusalem (1434-1480).wileyc
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Louis XIV (1643 - 1715), AE (Brass) Jeton struck c.1644 – 1645Obverse: LVD•XIIII•D:G•FR•ET•NA•REX. Laureate and cuirassed youthful bust of Louis XIV facing right; • B • (for Briot) below.
Reverse: CONSILIO•NIL•NISI•. The escutcheon of France, surrounded by the chain of the Ordre du Saint-Esprit (Order of the Holy Spirit): Necklace and Cross. The legend translates as “He undertakes nothing without Council”, a reference to the administrative council of the king.
Dimensions: 25.65mm | Weight: 5.4gms | Die Axis: 12
Ref. Feuardent: 239 var.
Struck at the Monnaie de Louvre mint, Paris, France
Die engraver: Nicholas Briot
Nicholas Briot (c.1579–1646) was an innovative French coin engraver, medallist and mechanical engineer, who is credited with the invention of the coining-press. He emigrated to England in 1625 and in 1626 he was commissioned to make 'puncheons and dies' for the Coronation of Charles I. His Coronation Medal established his reputation and he went on to produce a considerable number of dies for medals and coins in the following years. In 1633, he was appointed chief engraver to the Royal Mint and went to Scotland to prepare and coin the coronation pieces of Charles I. These demonstrated both his artistic skill and the technical superiority of his new coining machinery and in 1635, on the death of Sir John Foulis, Briot was appointed Master of the Mint in Scotland and superintended the Scottish coinage for several years. Briot was then recalled to England by the King, and on the outbreak of the English Civil War he took possession of the coining apparatus at the Tower and had it removed 'for the purpose of continuing the coining operations in the cause of the King'. Briot travelled to France in the early 1640's and sent coining presses to his brother Isaac, now in a senior position at the Paris Mint, he died on Christmas Eve 1646.*Alex
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Alexius III AE Trachy S-2012
Alexius III AE Trachy S-2012 DOC 3
Beardless, nimbate bust of Christ, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand. Pellet s in each limb of nimbus cross.
REV Full length figure of Emperor on l. and of St. Constantine nimbate, holding between then Globus crucgier. Emperor and Saint wear stemma,divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type; both hold labarum headed scepterBritanikus
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D.892 Pepin the Brief (denier, Saint-Denis?)Pepin the Brief, king of the Franks (751-768)
Denier, Saint-Denis ? (751-768)
Silver, 1.22 g, 16 mm diameter, die axis 11 h
O/ RP under a bar; pellets in the field
R/ ΛVT / TRΔ / NO
RP on the obverse means Rex Pippinus, or maybe PiPpinus Rex (the first R would then have to be read twice, the first time as a P).
The reverse is more intricate. First, the mint was identified as Antrain in Brittany. However, a lead slab has been found in Saint-Denis, on which similiar dies had been tested. As a consequence these deniers may have been minted in Saint-Denis monastery. However the legend on the reverse is still unclear (name of a moneyer, abbreviation of a latine phrase ?).
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Dy.176 Philip II (Augustus): denier tournois (Saint Martin de Tours)Philip II, king of France (1180-1223)
Denier tournois (Saint Martin de Tours)
Billon, 0.96 g, diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 7h
O: PHILIPVS REX; croix pattée
R: +SCS MARTINVS; châtel tournois
The livre parisis was a standard for minting coins (and for unit of accounts) inherited from the Carolingians.
In 1203, John (Lackland) lost Anjou to Philip II. The deniers minted at the Saint Martin abbey in Touraine were considered as very stable. So Philip II decided to adopt the livre tournois (tournois means "of Tours", Tours is a French city in Anjou close to Saint Martin abbey) as a new standard denier and unit of account. Livre parisis and livre tournois coexisted for some time but the livre tournois quickly outstripped the livre parisis as a unit of account. Deniers parisis ceased to be struck a little more than a century later, but livre parisis existed till 17th century.
SCS MARTINVS means Sanctus Martinus (Saint Martin). The name of the abbey was temporarily kept on the deniers tournois, but was soon replaced by the name of the city of Tours.
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Dy.187 Louis VIII (the Lion) or IX (Saint Louis): denier tournoisLouis VIII, king of France (1223-1226) or Louis IX, king of France (1226-1270)
Denier tournois (1223-1250)
Billon, 0.81 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 4h30
O: +LVDOVICVS REX; cross pattée
R: +TVRONVS CIVI; châtel tournois
The question of the attribution of this denier to Louis VIII or to the first part of Louis IX's reign is difficult. Indeed, Louis VIII only ruled for 3 years and both the father and the son have the same name...
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Dy.188 Louis VIII (the Lion) or IX (Saint Louis): denier tournoisLouis VIII, king of France (1223-1226) or Louis IX, king of France (1226-1270)
Denier tournois (1223-1250)
Billon, 0.70 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 11h
O: +LVDOVICVS REX; cross pattée
R: +TVRONIS CIVI; châtel tournois
Just a slightly modified legend (TVRONIS instead of TVRONVS) with respect to the previous denier.
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Dy.193A Louis IX (Saint Louis): denier tournoisLouis IX, king of France (1226-1270)
Denier tournois (1250-1270)
Billon (229 ‰), 0.95 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1h30
O: +LVDOVICVS.REX; cross pattée
R: +TVRONVS.CIVIS; châtel tournois
The difference between the deniers tournois of the first and second part of Saint Louis' reign is the absence or presence of an S at the end of CIVI(S) on the reverse.
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Dy.202A Philip III (the Bold): Gros tournois Philip III, king of France (1270-1285)
Gros tournois (1270-1280)
Silver (958 ‰), 4.04 g, diameter 26 mm, die axis 1h30
O: inner circle: +PhILIPVS.REX; cross pattée; outer circle: BNDICTVâ‹®SITâ‹®HOmЄ⋮DNIâ‹®nRIâ‹®DЄIâ‹®IhV.XPI
R: inner circle: +TVRONV.S.CIVIS; châtel tournois; outer circle: a circlet of 12 fleur-de-lis
This type exactly continued the Gros tournois of Saint Louis, Philip's father.
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Dy.262 Philip VI (of Valois): Gros à la couronne, 1st emissionPhilip VI, king of France (1328-1350)
Gros à la couronne, 1st emission (01/01/1337)
Silver (851 ‰), 2.51 g, diameter 25 mm, die axis 5h
O: inner circle: (ringlet)PhI-LIP-PVS-REX; legend interrupted by a cross pattée; outer circle: BnDICTV⋮SIT⋮nOmЄ⋮DNIâ‹®nRI⋮DЄI
R: inner circle: +FRANCORVm; châtel tournois under a crown, with 3 bullets inside; outer circle: a circlet of 11 fleur-de-lis
Philip VI is the first non direct capetian king. He was the cousin of the 3 previous kings.
The Gros tournois hadn't changed since its creation by Saint Louis. During Philip VI's reign, 3 new types of Gros were struck, with lighter weight and less silver. These monetary difficulties may be related to the premisses of the One Hundred Years' war and French military defeats.
The 3 bullets in the chatel (without any star below) are characteristic of the 1st emission.
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Saint Martial abbey: denier (Limoges)Saint Martial abbey, Limoges, anonymous (1100-1150)
Silver, 1.14 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 3h
O/ +SES•MARCIAL; facing bearded bust of Saint Martial
R/ +LEMOVICENSIS; beaded cross with 2 pellets in each quadrant
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Saint Martin abbey: denier (Tours)Saint Martin of Tours abbey
Denier (second half of the XII th century, Tours)
Billon, 0.67 g, diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 10 h
O/ +SCS MARTINVS ; châtel tournois
R/ +TVRONVS CIVI ; cross pattée
Philip II has been inspired by this coin to create the denier tournois.
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Vienne archibishopric : denier (Vienne)Vienne archibishopric, anonymous (1200-1250)
Silver, 0.66 g, diameter 16 mm, die axis 5h
O/ +•S•M•VIENNA•; left bearded and bare head of Saint Maurice
R/ MAXIMA.GALL (dashed L); cross pattée with 4 pellets
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005. CLAUDIUS 41 AD - 54 ADCLAUDIUS. 41-54 AD.
I, Claudius was a very sympathetic treatment of Claudius; nevertheless, along with Claudius the God, those books hold a special place in my library. Without those books, I would not have taken an interest in the classics in high school, and subsequently, ancient coins. Certainly Claudius was not a saint; nor good as we define a person now; but given the circumstances and the unlimited power he weld, few of us could have done it better.
Æ As (9.50 gm). Bare head left / Libertas standing right, holding pileus. RIC I 113; BMCRE 202; Cohen 47. Ex-CNG ecoli
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029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.a., P 79-01, #01029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.a., P 79-01, #01
avers: ✠ LODOVICI•R•VnGARIЄ, Anjou-Hungarian shield in the circle of dots, a lily on each side and above, a border of dots.
reverse: •S•LADIS LAVS•R•, Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb, mint-mark on the right side, a border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: -/-//-- were struck by "?" (by Pohl), diameter: 15,0mm, weight: 0,43g, axis: 8h,
mint: Hungary, "?", (by Pohl), date: 1358-1371 A.D. (by Pohl), ref: Huszár-542, CNH-2-094A, Unger-429.a., Pohl-79-01,
Q-001quadrans
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029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.o., #01029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.o., #01
avers: ✠ LODOVICI•R•VnGARIЄ, Anjou-Hungarian shield in circle of dots, lily on each side and above, border of dots.
reverse: S•LADIS LAVS•R, Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb, mint-mark on right side, border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: -/IO(vertical)//-- were struck by Iohannes Mochel (by Pohl), diameter: 13,8-14,0mm, weight: 0,55g, axis: 5h,
mint: Hungary, Körmöcbánya, (Kremnitz, today Slovakia: Kremnica)(by Pohl), date: 1366 A.D. (by Pohl), ref: Unger-429-o., CNH-2-094A, Huszár-542, Pohl-79-10,
Q-001quadrans
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029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.q., #01029 Lajos I. -Nagy Lajos-, (Lodovicus I. (the great) of Anjou, Angevin)., King of Hungary, (1342-1382 A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-542, C2-94A, U-429.q., #01
avers: ✠ LODOVICCI•R•VnGAR, (Double C in the legend, legend error!), Anjou-Hungarian shield in circle of dots, lily on each side and above, border of dots.
reverse: S•LADIS LAVS•R, Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb, mint-mark on the right side, border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: -/F/B//-- were struck by Franciscus Bernardi (by Pohl), diameter: mm, weight: g, axis: h,
mint: Hungary, Buda (by Pohl), date: 1359-1364 A.D. (by Pohl), ref: Unger-429q, CNH-2-094A, Huszar-542, Pohl-79-04-a.,
Q-001quadrans
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030 Mária, (Maria of Anjou, Angevin)., Queen of Hungary, (1382-1387(1395) A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-565., S LADIS LAVS R, Saint Ladislas standing facing, Rare!, #1030 Mária, (Maria of Anjou, Angevin)., Queen of Hungary, (1382-1387(1395) A.D.) AR-Denarius, H-565., S LADIS LAVS R, Saint Ladislas standing facing, Rare!, #1
avers: ✠ mARIЄ•D•R VnGARIЄ, Anjou-Hungarian shield in a circle of dots, the lily on each side and above, the border of dots.
reverse: S LADIS LAVS R, Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb, mint-mark on the right side, the border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: -/A//--, diameter: 14,5-15,0mm, weight: 0,48g, axis: 7h,
mint: Hungary, Székesfehérvár(by Pohl), date: 1382 A.D. (by Pohl), ref: Huszár-565, CNH-2-113, Unger-441., Pohl-111, Rare!
Q-001
Mária (Mary) of Anjouquadrans
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032 Sigismund, ( Sigismund of Luxemburg)., King of Hungary, (1387-1437 A.D.) AR-Ducat, U-455-i., #01032 Sigismund, ( Sigismund of Luxemburg)., King of Hungary, (1387-1437 A.D.) AR-Ducat, U-455-i., #01
avers: Patriarchal cross, mint-mark on each side; border of dots.
reverse: Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb; border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: n/I//--, diameter:10,5mm, weight: 0,27g, axis:0h,
mint: Hungary, Nagybánya (today Romania : Baia Mare), date: 1427-1430 A.D. (by Pohl), ref: Unger-455-i., CNH-2-128, Huszár-584, Pohl-123-09,
Q-001quadrans
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039 László V. “Posthumous” (Ladislaus V.) as King of Hungary, (1453-1457 A.D.), AR Denarius, H-662, C2-179, U-522.a., P-186B-01, #01039 László V. “Posthumous” (Ladislaus V.) as King of Hungary, (1453-1457 A.D.), AR Denarius, H-662, C2-179, U-522.a., P-186B-01, #01
avers: rosette LADISLAVS•DEI•GRA•REX, Patriarchal Cross, A-B, circle of dots; border of dots.
reverse: S•LADISL AVS•REX, Saint Ladislas standing facing, holding halberd and orb; circle of dots; border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: A/B//-- were struck by family Bánfi (by Pohl), diameter: 19,0mm, weight: 0,99g, axis:h,
mint: Hungary, Alsólendva (Lindau, today Lendava in Slovenia by Pohl), date:1453-1454 A.D.,
ref: Huszár-662, CNH-2-179, Unger-522a, Pohl-186B-01,
Q-001quadrans
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046a13. GallienusAntoninianus. Rome mint. Sole reign. Obv: GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right. Rev: AETERNITAS AVG, Sol standing left, holding globe and raising right hand. No fieldmarks. Normanby hoard 515A, Goebl 0576a (Rome), Pumsaint hoard, Cynwyl Gaeo (1965): IARCW 656/9, Cohen 38 (S), RIC 160 var (no fieldmark).lawrence c
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083b. HelenaEither wife or concubine of Constantius and mother of Constantine. Later divorced by Constantius so that he could marry Theodora, a more political marriage. She became devoted to Christianity and given sainthood.lawrence c
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105b. Lucius VerusAequitas, also known as Aecetia, was the goddess of fair trade and honest merchants. Like Abundantia, she is depicted with a cornucopia, representing wealth from commerce. She is also shown holding a balance, representing equity and fairness. During the Roman Empire, Aequitas was sometimes worshipped as a quality or aspect of the emperor, under the name Aequitas Augusti.
Aequitas is the tattoo that one brother has on the film Boondock Saints. His brother has a tattoo of the word veritas. They represent, without surprise, justice/equality/balance/fairness and truth.
Aequitas is the source of the word equity, and also means "equality" or "justice".
Denarius. Rev. Aequitas stg. l. holding scales and cornucopiae. TR P VIII IMP V COS III. S-5363, RSC 32ecoli
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1154 - 1189, HENRY II, AR 'Tealby' Penny, Struck 1158 - 1163 at Canterbury, EnglandObverse: HENRI • REX • A -. Crowned facing bust of Henry II, his head turned slightly to the left, holding sceptre tipped with a cross potent in his right hand. Crown has three vertical uprights each topped by a fleur-de-lis.
Reverse: + ROGIER : ON : CANT surrounding short cross potent within beaded circle, small cross potents in each quarter. Moneyer: Rogier, cognate with the modern English name of Roger. Mintmark: Cross potent.
Class A bust
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 1.3gms | Die Axis: 4h
Flan chipped and cracked, legends largely illegible
SPINK: 1337
The attribution to mint and moneyer is not 100% certain, but is the best fit I have been able to make from the remaining visible letters in the inscription
For the first few years of Henry II's reign the coins of King Stephen continued to be produced, but in 1158, a new 'cross and crosslet' coinage was introduced in England. While this coinage was acceptable in terms of weight and silver quality, it is notorious for its ugly appearance, bad craftsmanship and careless execution. It is a fact that this coinage is among the worst struck of any issue of English regal coinage. The cross and crosslet type coinage of King Henry II is more often called 'Tealby' because of the enormous hoard of these coins which was found in late 1807 at Bayons Manor farm near Tealby in Lincolnshire. This hoard, which originally amounted to over 5,700 pieces, was first reported in the Stamford Mercury of the 6th November 1807, but unfortunately the majority of the coins, more than 5,000 of them, were sent to be melted down at the Tower of London and only some 600 pieces were saved for national and important private collections.
Henry II became King of England in 1154 and reigned until his death in 1189. He was the first king of the House of Plantagenet. Henry became Count of Anjou and Maine upon the death of his father, Count Geoffrey V, in 1151, his marriage in 1152 to Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII had recently been annulled, made him Duke of Aquitaine. He became Count of Nantes by treaty in 1185.
By the age of 14, Henry became actively involved in the efforts of his mother Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, to claim the English throne, then occupied by Stephen of Blois. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign Henry re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This culminated in the murder of Becket by the high altar in his own church in 1170. This horrified Christians and, although Beckett was apparently disliked by the monks in life, in death he became a martyr, was canonised, and a religious cult grew up around his sainthood.
Henry II soon came into conflict with Louis VII, and the two rulers fought what has been termed a "cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire at Louis's expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse, but despite numerous conferences and treaties, no lasting peace agreement was reached.
Henry and Eleanor had eight children—three daughters and five sons. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the kingdom began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne all allied themselves with the rebels. This “Great Revolt” was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. Henry II's invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John, but Henry struggled to find ways to satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. By 1189, Young Henry and Geoffrey were dead, and Philip successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry II would make John king, which led to a final rebellion. Henry II was decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and, suffering from a bleeding ulcer, he retreated to Chinon Castle in Anjou. Henry died soon afterwards and was succeeded by his son Richard I (the lionheart).
Many of the changes Henry II introduced during his long reign had long-term consequences, his legal changes are generally considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law, while his intervention in Brittany, Wales, and Scotland shaped the development of their societies and governmental systems.
*Alex
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1154 - 1189, HENRY II, AR Short-cross Penny, Struck 1180 - 1189 at Winchester, EnglandObverse: HENRICVS • REX around central circle enclosing a crowned, draped and bearded facing bust of Henry II holding a sceptre tipped with a cross pommee in his right hand.
Reverse: + GOCELM • ON • WIN. Voided short cross dividing legend into quarters, crosslets in each quarter of inner circle. Cross pattée in legend. Moneyer: Gocelm, which is a name of Germanic Frankish origin.
Issue type Class 1b
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 1.3gms | Die Axis: 6h
SPINK: 1344
On the night of 14th/15th July 1180 the Winchester mint burnt down, and the fire spread to "the greater and better part" of the city. The production of the new Short Cross coinage had just started earlier in 1180, and Winchester evidently only had one centralized mint building from the beginning of the new coinage. At the time of the fire the mint appears to have had four moneyers (Clement, Gocelm, Henri, and Rodbert), and Short Cross Class Ia2 was in production. After the fire some of the mint's obverse dies of Classes Ia1 and Ia2 were used at the Wilton mint, apparently as an emergency measure. The coinage of the moneyer Henri ends abruptly at this time and he seems to have been replaced by Adam, whose known issues start in Class Ia2, and at Wilton in Class 1a2 it looks like Osbert replaced Iohan. Osbert continued to issue coins in Winchester after the fire, but he seems to have been regarded as a Wilton moneyer allowed to use the facilities of the Winchester mint. The Winchester coinage of Osbert and three other moneyers (Clement, Reinier, and Rodbert) whose issues end in Class Ib1 was probably restricted to the recoinage of 1180 to 1182. After that only two moneyers remained striking Class Ib2 at Winchester (Adam and Gocelm) and, from 1183 to 1184, it is recorded that these moneyers were responsible for a rent of 2 marks each per annum for the use of the mint building.
Henry II became King of England in 1154 and reigned until his death in 1189. He was the first king of the House of Plantagenet. Henry became Count of Anjou and Maine upon the death of his father, Count Geoffrey V, in 1151, his marriage in 1152 to Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII had recently been annulled, made him Duke of Aquitaine. He became Count of Nantes by treaty in 1185.
By the age of 14, Henry became actively involved in the efforts of his mother Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England, to claim the English throne, then occupied by Stephen of Blois. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign Henry re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This culminated in the murder of Becket by the high altar in his own church in 1170. This horrified Christians and, although Beckett was apparently disliked by the monks in life, in death he became a martyr, was canonised, and a religious cult grew up around his sainthood.
Henry II soon came into conflict with Louis VII, and the two rulers fought what has been termed a "cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire at Louis's expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse, but despite numerous conferences and treaties, no lasting peace agreement was reached.
Henry and Eleanor had eight children—three daughters and five sons. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the kingdom began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne all allied themselves with the rebels. This “Great Revolt” was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. Henry II's invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John, but Henry struggled to find ways to satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. By 1189, Young Henry and Geoffrey were dead, and Philip successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry II would make John king, which led to a final rebellion. Henry II was decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and, suffering from a bleeding ulcer, he retreated to Chinon Castle in Anjou. Henry died soon afterwards and was succeeded by his son Richard I (the lionheart).
Many of the changes Henry II introduced during his long reign had long-term consequences, his legal changes are generally considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law, while his intervention in Brittany, Wales, and Scotland shaped the development of their societies and governmental systems.*Alex
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1199-1216, John, AR Penny, Struck 1207 - 1211 at Dublin, IrelandObverse: IOHANNES REX around triangle enclosing a crowned and draped facing bust of King John holding, in his right hand, a sceptre tipped with a cross pommée which extends through the side of the triangle into the legend. Quatrefoil to right of bust.
Reverse: ROBERD ON DIVE around triangle containing sun over crescent moon and a star in each angle. Cross pattée at apex of each point of the triangle and above legend on each of the three sides. Moneyer: Roberd, cognate with the modern English name of Robin.
Diameter: 18mm | Weight: 1.2gms | Die Axis: 4h
SPINK: 6228
Third issue "REX" coinage. This was the only coinage struck by King John in his own name.
John was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216. The baronial revolt at the end of John's reign led to the sealing of the first Magna Carta, a document sometimes considered an early step in the evolution of the constitution of the United Kingdom.
John, the youngest of the five sons of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, was not expected to inherit significant lands which resulted in him being given the nickname John Lackland. However, after the failed rebellion of his elder brothers between 1173 and 1174, John became Henry's favourite child. He was appointed Lord of Ireland in 1177 and given lands in England and on the continent. John's elder brothers William, Henry and Geoffrey died young and when Richard I became king in 1189, John was the potential heir to the throne. John unsuccessfully attempted a rebellion against Richard's administration whilst his brother was participating in the Third Crusade but despite this, after Richard died in 1199, John was proclaimed King of England.
King John contracted dysentery at Lynn in 1216 but, just before his death, he managed to dictate a brief will. This will still survives and as part of it John requested: "I will that my body be buried in the church of St. Mary and St. Wulfstan of Worcester".
Some of King John's favourite hunting grounds were in Worcester, at Kinver and Feckenham, and he had a special affection for Saint Wulfstan, one of the two great Anglo-Saxon saints whose shrines and tombs were also at Worcester. Both Saint Wulfstan and Saint Oswald can be seen in miniature beside the head of the effigy of King John on his tomb.
Medieval effigies usually show the subject in the prime of life, however the effigy on King John's tomb is unique in that not only is it a life-like image of him, it is also the oldest royal effigy in England.
King John's tomb has been opened twice, once in 1529 and again in 1797. At the first opening it was said that John's head was covered with a monk's cowl, however it is now thought that this was probably his coronation cap. When the tomb was opened for the second time the antiquarians responsible discovered that a robe of crimson damask had originally covered the king's body but, by 1797, most of the embroidery had deteriorated. They also found the remains of a sword which lay down the left side of the body along with parts of its scabbard.
*Alex
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1216 - 1272, Henry III, AR Penny, Struck 1217 - 1242 at London, England (Short Cross Issue)Obverse: HENRICVS REX around central circle enclosing a crowned, draped and bearded facing bust of Henry III holding a sceptre tipped with a cross pommee in his right hand.
Reverse: + GIFFREI ON LVND. Voided short cross dividing legend into quarters, crosslets in each quarter of inner circle. Cross pattée in legend. Moneyer: Giffrei, cognate with the modern English name of Geoffrey.
Issue type 7c, distinguished by the degraded portrait and large lettering.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 1.1gms | Die Axis: 4h
SPINK: 1356C
HENRY III AND WESTMINSTER ABBEY
Henry III was the eldest son of King John and came to the throne at the age of nine. He was king of England from 1216 until his death in 1272, ruling longer than any other English monarch until the reign of George III.
Henry expressed a lifelong interest in architecture and much of what constitutes the Tower of London today is a result of Henry's work, he added several towers and a curtain wall to expand the White Tower beginning in 1238. Westminster Abbey however, is considered to be Henry's greatest building work. The project began in 1245, when Henry sent his architect Henry de Reynes to visit the French cities of Rheims, Chartres, Bourges and Amiens and Paris' royal chapel Sainte-Chapelle to learn the Gothic technique that he much admired.
The Westminster Abbey that stood previously on the site had been erected by Edward the Confessor in 1042. Edward the Confessor was a hero of Henry's, and he probably named his son (the future Edward I) after him. The foundations and crypt are still those of Edward the Confessor's Abbey, but everything above ground today is the building begun by Henry III. The tomb of Edward the Confessor was moved to a new position of honour in 1269 at the very centre of the new abbey, and when Henry III died in 1272 he was buried beside Edward's shrine in the exact position the bones of his hero had lain for 200 years.
*Alex
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1401a, St. Helena, Augusta 8 November 324 - 328 to 330 A.D., mother of Constantine the GreatBronze AE 3, RIC 148, VF, Alexandria mint, 3.243g, 19.4mm, 165o, 327 - 328 A.D. Obverse: FL HELENA AVGVSTA, diademed and mantled bust right wearing double necklace; Reverse: SECVRITAS REIPVBLICE, Securitas holding branch downward in right and lifting fold of robe in left, wreath left, I right, SMAL in exergue; rare.
The mother of Constantine the Great, born about the middle of the third century, possibly in Drepanum (later known as Helenopolis) on the Nicomedian Gulf; died about 330. She was of humble parentage; St. Ambrose, in his "Oratio de obitu Theodosii", referred to her as a stabularia, or inn-keeper. Nevertheless, she became the lawful wife of Constantius Chlorus. Her first and only son, Constantine, was born in Naissus in Upper Moesia, in the year 274. The statement made by English chroniclers of the Middle Ages, according to which Helena was supposed to have been the daughter of a British prince, is entirely without historical foundation. It may arise from the misinterpretation of a term used in the fourth chapter of the panegyric on Constantine's marriage with Fausta, that Constantine, oriendo (i. e., "by his beginnings," "from the outset") had honoured Britain, which was taken as an allusion to his birth, whereas the reference was really to the beginning of his reign.
On the death of Constantius Chlorus, in 308, Constantine, who succeeded him, summoned his mother to the imperial court, conferred on her the title of Augusta, ordered that all honour should be paid her as the mother of the sovereign, and had coins struck bearing her effigy. Her son's influence caused her to embrace Christianity after his victory over Maxentius. This is directly attested by Eusebius (Vita Constantini, III, xlvii): "She (his mother) became under his (Constantine's) influence such a devout servant of God, that one might believe her to have been from her very childhood a disciple of the Redeemer of mankind". It is also clear from the declaration of the contemporary historian of the Church that Helena, from the time of her conversion had an earnestly Christian life and by her influence and liberality favoured the wider spread of Christianity. Tradition links her name with the building of Christian churches in the cities of the West, where the imperial court resided, notably at Rome and Trier, and there is no reason for rejecting this tradition, for we know positively through Eusebius that Helena erected churches on the hallowed spots of Palestine. Despite her advanced age she undertook a journey to Palestine when Constantine, through his victory over Licinius, had become sole master of the Roman Empire, subsequently, therefore, to the year 324. It was in Palestine, as we learn from Eusebius (loc. cit., xlii), that she had resolved to bring to God, the King of kings, the homage and tribute of her devotion. She lavished on that land her bounties and good deeds, she "explored it with remarkable discernment", and "visited it with the care and solicitude of the emperor himself". Then, when she "had shown due veneration to the footsteps of the Saviour", she had two churches erected for the worship of God: one was raised in Bethlehem near the Grotto of the Nativity, the other on the Mount of the Ascension, near Jerusalem. She also embellished the sacred grotto with rich ornaments. This sojourn in Jerusalem proved the starting-point of the legend first recorded by Rufinus as to the discovery of the Cross of Christ.
Constantine I, in 327, improved Drepanum, his mother's native town, and decreed that it should be called Helenopolis, it is probable that the latter returned from Palestine to her son who was then residing in the Orient. Constantine was with her when she died, at the advanced age of eighty years or thereabouts (Eusebius, "Vita Const.", III, xlvi). This must have been about the year 330, for the last coins which are known to have been stamped with her name bore this date. Her body was brought to Constantinople and laid to rest in the imperial vault of the church of the Apostles. It is presumed that her remains were transferred in 849 to the Abbey of Hautvillers, in the French Archdiocese of Reims, as recorded by the monk Altmann in his "Translatio". She was revered as a saint, and the veneration spread, early in the ninth century, even to Western countries. Her feast falls on 18 August.
(See The Catholic Encyclopedia: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07202b.htm)
Cleisthenes
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1404a, Crispus, Caesar 317 - 326 A.D. Bronze AE 3, RIC 17, aEF, Cyzicus mint, 3.196g, 19.9mm, 315o, 321 - 324 A.D.; Obverse: D N FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; Reverse: IOVI CONSERVATORI, Jupiter standing left holding Victory on globe in right and scepter in left, eagle with wreath in beak to left, X / IIG and captive right, SMKD in exergue; scarce (RIC R3). Ex FORVM.
De Imperatoribus Romanis;
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families
Crispus Caesar (317-326 A.D.)
Hans Pohlsander
SUNY Albany
Crispus was the oldest son of the emperor Constantine I and played a fairly important role in the political and military events of the early fourth century. The regular form of his full name is Flavius Iulius Crispus, although the forms Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus also occur. His mother was a woman named Minervina, with whom Constantine had a relationship, probably illegitimate, before he married Fausta in 307. When Minervina died or when Constantine put her aside we do not know. Nor do we know when she gave birth to Crispus; we may assume, of course, that it was before 307. Some modern authorities, on good grounds, think that it was in 305. Crispus' place of birth must have been somewhere in the East, and it is not known when he was brought to Gaul and when, where, or under what circumstances he was separated from his mother.
Constantine entrusted the education of his son to the distinguished Christian scholar Lactantius, thereby giving a clear sign of his commitment to Christianity. We are not told when Lactantius assumed his duties, but a date before 317 seems likely. Nor do we know how successful he was in instilling Christian beliefs and values in his imperial pupil. No later than January of 322 Crispus must have married a woman named Helena -- not to be confused with Constantine's mother or daughter by the same name- and this woman bore him a child in October of 322. Constantine, we learn, was pleased.
Crispus' official career began at an early age and is well documented. On March 1 of 317, at Serdica (modern Sofia), his father appointed him Caesar. The consulship was his three times, in 318, 321, and 324. While nominally in charge of Gaul, with a prefect at his side, he successfully undertook military operations against the Franks and Alamanni in 320 and 323.
In 324, during the second war between Constantine and Licinius, he excelled as commander of Constantine's fleet in the waters of the Hellespont, the Propontis, and the Bosporus, thus making a significant contribution to the outcome of that war. The high points of his career are amply reflected in the imperial coinage. In addition to coins, we have his portrait, with varying degrees of certainty, in a number of sculptures, mosaics, cameos, etc. Contemporary authors heap praises upon him. Thus the panegyrist Nazarius speaks of Crispus' "magnificent deeds," and Eusebius calls him "an emperor most dear to God and in all regards comparable to his father."
Crispus' end was as tragic as his career had been brilliant. His own father ordered him to be put to death. We know the year of this sad event, 326, from the Consularia Constantinopolitana, and the place, Pola in Istria, from Ammianus Marcellinus. The circumstances, however, are less clear. Zosimus (6th c.) and Zonaras (12th c.) both report that Crispus and his stepmother Fausta were involved in an illicit relationship. There may be as much gossip as fact in their reports, but it is certain that at some time during the same year the emperor ordered the death of his own wife as well, and the two cases must be considered together. That Crispus and Fausta plotted treason is reported by Gregory of Tours, but not very believable. We must resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins. A similar claim had already been made by Julian the Apostate. We must also, I think, reject the suggestion of Guthrie that the emperor acted in the interest of "dynastic legitimacy," that is, that he removed his illegitimate first-born son in order to secure the succession for his three legitimate younger sons. But Crispus must have committed, or at least must have been suspected of having committed, some especially shocking offense to earn him a sentence of death from his own father. He also suffered damnatio memoriae, his honor was never restored, and history has not recorded the fate of his wife and his child (or children).
Copyright (C) 1997, Hans A. Pohlsander. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis;An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families:
http://www.roman-emperors.org/crispus.htm
What If?
St. Nectarios, in his book, The Ecumenical Synods, writes "Hellenism spread by Alexander paved the way for Christianity by Emperor Constantine the Great."
Constantine's upward gaze on his "Eyes to Heaven" coins recall the coin portraits of Alexander the Great (namely coins struck by the Diodochi), which served as prototypes for the divine ruler portraiture of much of the Hellenistic age. The diadem, of which this is the most elaborate type, was adopted by Constantine and the members of his house as a new symbol of sovereignty.
In the Greek Orthodox Church, Constantine the Great is revered as a Saint.
Is it just possible? Constantine, knowing what happened (or thinking that he does) to Phillip II of Macedon—assassinated on the eve of his greatness, in a plot that most likely involved his wife—and possibly his son. . . isn’t it just possible that Constantine is growing obsessively jealous of his ever more successful and adulated son? Imagine the Constantine who has proven time and again (think: Licinius) that he is a completely self-serving liar and a murderer, decides to murder again? Why "must we resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins [?] (see: above). A similar claim had already been made by Julian the [Philosopher]."
Perhaps it is time to cease being apologists for the sometime megalomaniacal Constantine. As Michael Grant notes, "It is a mocking travesty of justice to call such a murderer Constantine the Great . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix Press, 1998. 226).
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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1404b, Crispus, Caesar 317 - 326 A.D. (Thessalonica)Bronze AE 3, RIC 118, VF, Thessalonica mint, 2.740g, 18.0mm, 180o, 320 - 321 A.D. Obverse: FL IVL CRISPVS NOB CAES, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust left; Reverse: CAESARVM NOSTRORVM, VOT V in wreath, TSDVI in exergue.
Flavius Julius Crispus was the son of Constantine I by his first wife. A brilliant soldier, Crispus was well loved by all until 326 A.D., when Constantine had him executed. It is said that Fausta, Crispus stepmother, anxious to secure the succession for her own sons falsely accused Crispus of raping her. Constantine, learning of Fausta`s treachery, had her executed too.
De Imperatoribus Romanis;
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families
Crispus Caesar (317-326 A.D.)
Hans Pohlsander
SUNY Albany
Crispus was the oldest son of the emperor Constantine I and played a fairly important role in the political and military events of the early fourth century. The regular form of his full name is Flavius Iulius Crispus, although the forms Flavius Claudius Crispus and Flavius Valerius Crispus also occur. His mother was a woman named Minervina, with whom Constantine had a relationship, probably illegitimate, before he married Fausta in 307. When Minervina died or when Constantine put her aside we do not know. Nor do we know when she gave birth to Crispus; we may assume, of course, that it was before 307. Some modern authorities, on good grounds, think that it was in 305. Crispus' place of birth must have been somewhere in the East, and it is not known when he was brought to Gaul and when, where, or under what circumstances he was separated from his mother.
Constantine entrusted the education of his son to the distinguished Christian scholar Lactantius, thereby giving a clear sign of his commitment to Christianity. We are not told when Lactantius assumed his duties, but a date before 317 seems likely. Nor do we know how successful he was in instilling Christian beliefs and values in his imperial pupil. No later than January of 322 Crispus must have married a woman named Helena -- not to be confused with Constantine's mother or daughter by the same name- and this woman bore him a child in October of 322. Constantine, we learn, was pleased.
Crispus' official career began at an early age and is well documented. On March 1 of 317, at Serdica (modern Sofia), his father appointed him Caesar. The consulship was his three times, in 318, 321, and 324. While nominally in charge of Gaul, with a prefect at his side, he successfully undertook military operations against the Franks and Alamanni in 320 and 323.
In 324, during the second war between Constantine and Licinius, he excelled as commander of Constantine's fleet in the waters of the Hellespont, the Propontis, and the Bosporus, thus making a significant contribution to the outcome of that war. The high points of his career are amply reflected in the imperial coinage. In addition to coins, we have his portrait, with varying degrees of certainty, in a number of sculptures, mosaics, cameos, etc. Contemporary authors heap praises upon him. Thus the panegyrist Nazarius speaks of Crispus' "magnificent deeds," and Eusebius calls him "an emperor most dear to God and in all regards comparable to his father."
Crispus' end was as tragic as his career had been brilliant. His own father ordered him to be put to death. We know the year of this sad event, 326, from the Consularia Constantinopolitana, and the place, Pola in Istria, from Ammianus Marcellinus. The circumstances, however, are less clear. Zosimus (6th c.) and Zonaras (12th c.) both report that Crispus and his stepmother Fausta were involved in an illicit relationship. There may be as much gossip as fact in their reports, but it is certain that at some time during the same year the emperor ordered the death of his own wife as well, and the two cases must be considered together. That Crispus and Fausta plotted treason is reported by Gregory of Tours, but not very believable. We must resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins. A similar claim had already been made by Julian the Apostate. We must also, I think, reject the suggestion of Guthrie that the emperor acted in the interest of "dynastic legitimacy," that is, that he removed his illegitimate first-born son in order to secure the succession for his three legitimate younger sons. But Crispus must have committed, or at least must have been suspected of having committed, some especially shocking offense to earn him a sentence of death from his own father. He also suffered damnatio memoriae, his honor was never restored, and history has not recorded the fate of his wife and his child (or children).
Copyright (C) 1997, Hans A. Pohlsander. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis;An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors and their Families:
http://www.roman-emperors.org/crispus.htm
What If?
St. Nectarios, in his book, The Ecumenical Synods, writes "Hellenism spread by Alexander paved the way for Christianity by Emperor Constantine the Great."
Constantine's upward gaze on his "Eyes to Heaven" coins recall the coin portraits of Alexander the Great (namely coins struck by the Diodochi), which served as prototypes for the divine ruler portraiture of much of the Hellenistic age. The diadem, of which this is the most elaborate type, was adopted by Constantine and the members of his house as a new symbol of sovereignty.
In the Greek Orthodox Church, Constantine the Great is revered as a Saint.
Is it just possible? Constantine, knowing what happened (or thinking that he does) to Phillip II of Macedon—assassinated on the eve of his greatness, in a plot that most likely involved his wife—and possibly his son. . . isn’t it just possible that Constantine is growing obsessively jealous of his ever more successful and adulated son? Imagine the Constantine who has proven time and again (think: Licinius) that he is a completely self-serving liar and a murderer, decides to murder again? Why "must we resolutely reject the claim of Zosimus that it was Constantine's sense of guilt over these deeds which caused him to accept Christianity, as it alone promised him forgiveness for his sins [?] (see: above). A similar claim had already been made by Julian the [Philosopher]."
Perhaps it is time to cease being apologists for the sometime megalomaniacal Constantine. As Michael Grant notes, "It is a mocking travesty of justice to call such a murderer Constantine the Great . . ." (Grant, Michael. The Emperor Constantine. London: Phoenix Press, 1998. 226).
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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1649 - 1660, THE COMMONWEALTH OF ENGLAND, AR Half-groat, Struck 1651 - 1653 at London, EnglandObverse: No legend. Shield bearing the Cross of Saint George between palm branch to left and laurel branch to right.
Reverse: • II • above two conjoined shields side by side, that on the left bearing the Cross of Saint George, that on the right bearing the Harp of Ireland.
Diameter: 17mm | Weight: 0.9gms | Die Axis: 11h
SPINK: 3221
This particular coin denomination is undated, but it has been suggested that the coin above can probably be attributed to the first coinage period (1651 - 1653) on stylistic grounds.
CLICK ON IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE AND FOR INFO ON COMMONWEALTH COINAGE
  *Alex
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1687 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XIV
argent
6,78g
28mm
LVDOVICVS . . MAGNVS. REX
Tête à droite de Louis XIV, le col nu et les cheveux longs,
au-dessous signature HB
. IETONS . DES . ESTAZ . DE . BRETAGNE .
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France, aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne, dans une couronne formée de deux branches de laurier
à l’exergue : .1687.
Millésime avec surcharge grossière d’un 7 sur un 5
Jeton percé puis rebouché.
Daniel 31PYL
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1709 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XIV
6,85g
28 mm
argent
LUDOVICUS. MAGNUS REX.
"Louis le Grand roi"
Tête à droite de Louis XIV, le col nu et les cheveux longs,
au-dessous signature TB en monogramme
.JETTON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
1709 à l'exergue
Daniel 64PYL
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1709 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XIV
6,71g
28 mm
argent
LUDOVICUS. MAGNUS REX.
"Louis le Grand roi"
Tête à droite de Louis XIV, le col nu et les cheveux longs,
au-dessous signature TB en monogramme
.JETTON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
1709 à l'exergue
Daniel 64 PYL
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1715 - États de Saint-Brieuc Louis XIV
6,75g
28 mm
argent
LUDOVICUS. MAGNUS REX .
"Louis le Grand Roi"
Buste à droite de Louis XIV signé TB
IETONS DES ESTAS DE BRETAGNE
Écu écartelé de France et de Bretagne couronné sur un manteau fleurdelisé
à l'exergue 1715.
Daniel 71 PYL
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1721 - mairie de Nantesargent
7,34g
28mm
mairie de Gérard Mellier
NOSTRO. FLOREBIT. AMORE.
"Elle fleurira par notre amour"
1721
Ecu aux armes du maire (D' azur à la fasce d' argent, accompagnés de 14 besants d'or, 7 en chef posés 3. 4, et 7 en pointe posés 4. 3.), posé sur la croix de Saint-Lazare et entouré du collier de l'ordre, timbré d'une couronne de marquis. La date est séparée par le bas de la croix de St-Lazare 1721
DE LA MAIRIE DE Mre MELLIER GENal DES FINANCES CHEVer DE L.ORDRE DE St LAZARE
Ecusson sur un cartouche, des armes de la ville de Nantes : vaisseau Nantais voguant à à gauche au chef semé de mouchetures d'hermines. Timbré d' une couronne comtale, entouré de la cordelière. La légende commence par une étoile.
PYL
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1722 - États de NantesLouis XV
6,57g
28 mm
argent
LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS.
"Louis XV roi très chrétien"
Buste couronné à droite, en manteau d’hermine avec le collier de l’ordre du Saint-Esprit
JETON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
à l'exergue .1722.
Daniel 76 PYL
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1726 - États de Saint-Brieuc Louis XV
7,07g
28 mm
argent
LUD. XV. REX - CHRISTIANISS.
"Louis XV roi très Chrétien"
Buste à droite en habit, avec cravate et grand cordon,
au-dessous signature DU VIVIER. F.
JETON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France, aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne, sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
à l'exergue 1726.
Daniel 79PYL
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1758 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XV
6,62g
28 mm
argent
LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS.
"Louis XV roi très chrétien"
Tête laurée à droite, le col nu,
au-dessous signature cursive M
JETON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE 1758.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
Daniel 105PYL
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1758 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XV
6,55g
28 mm
argent
LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS.
"Louis XV roi très chrétien"
Buste lauré à droite en habit avec le grand cordon,
au-dessous signature D.V.
et en petits caractères 1746 sur la tranche de l’épaule
JETON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE 1758.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
Daniel 107 PYL
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1758 - États de Saint-BrieucLouis XV
6,72g
28 mm
argent
LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS.
"Louis XV roi très chrétien"
Buste lauré à droite en habit avec le grand cordon,
au-dessous signature D.V.
JETON DES ESTATS DE BRETAGNE 1758.
Écu couronné écartelé aux 1 et 4 de France,
aux 2 et 3 de Bretagne,
sur un manteau semé de fleurs de lis et d’hermines
Daniel 108 PYL
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1791 AE Halfpenny Token. Leeds, Yorkshire.Obverse: ARTIS NOSTRÆ CONDITOR •. Standing figure of Bishop Blaize (patron saint of woolcombers) holding a wool comb in his raised right hand and a book and crosier in his left; at his feet, to right, a lamb facing right with it's head turned to left.
Reverse: LEEDS HALFPENNY 1791. Coat of arms of the City of Leeds consisting of a shield containing three stars and a hanging fleece, crested by an owl. The date, 17 - 91, bisected by the base of the shield.
Edge: “PAYABLE AT THE WAREHOUSE OF RICHARD PALEY •XX•".
Diameter: 29mm | Axis: 6
Dalton & Hamer: 45 | Conder: 20 (Yorkshire)
This token was issued by Richard Paley, a freeholder, maltster, soap-boiler and chandler with a business in a locality known as the “Calls” in Leeds. The token was manufactured by Matthew Bolton at his SOHO Mint in Birmingham, the dies were engraved by Henry Brownbill.
Bishop Blaise, also known as Saint Blasius, was a well-known martyr from Armenia, who as the price of his faith, back in the 4th century, had been put to death by being raked with red-hot rakes. Later he was adopted as the Patron Saint of Woolcombers and, appropriately, his effigy is usually shown holding a rake. On this token, however, Bishop Blaise is shown holding the traditional bishop's crosier.*Alex
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1919 ALEXIUS PB TETARTERON S-Unlisted DOC 37 CLBC 2.5.1 OBV Full length figures of John II beardless on r., and st Demetrius, holding between them labarum on long shaft. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic , breastplate, and saigon; holds sword, point resting on ground, in r. hand.
REV Full length figures of Alexius on l. and of Irene, holding between them cross on long shaft. Both wear stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type.
Size 18 mm
Weight 6.31 gm
These lead Tetarteron are coronation issues of John II and believed to be the origin of the series of tetartera. Thessalonica Mint
DOC lists 6 examples with weights running from3.33 gm to 6.16 gm and sizes from 17mm to 19mm
My first example that I am able to get good photographs from, most are white lead very difficult to photograph, this example also has much more detail than normal. Simon
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1919b ALEXIUS PB TETARTERON S-Unlisted DOC 37 CLBC 2.5.1 OBV Full length figures of John II beardless on r., and st Demetrius, holding between them labarum on long shaft. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic , breastplate, and saigon; holds sword, point resting on ground, in r. hand.
REV Full length figures of Alexius on l. and of Irene, holding between them cross on long shaft. Both wear stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type.
Size 17.49mm
Weight 4.4gm
These lead Tetarteron are coronation issues of John II and believed to be the origin of the series of tetartera. Thessalonica Mint
DOC lists 6 examples with weights running from3.33 gm to 6.16 gm and sizes from 17mm to 19mm
Simon
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1919b ALEXIUS PB TETARTERON S-Unlisted Thessalonica DOC 37 CLBC 2.5.1
OBV Full length figures of John II beardless on r., and st Demetrius, holding between them labarum on long shaft. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic , breastplate, and saigon; holds sword, point resting on ground, in r. hand.
REV Full length figures of Alexius on l. and of Irene, holding between them cross on long shaft. Both wear stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type.
Size 16.57
Weight 2.8gm
These lead Tetarteron are coronation issues of John II and believed to be the origin of the series of tetartera. Thessalonica Mint
DOC lists 6 examples with weights running from3.33 gm to 6.16 gm and sizes from 17mm to 19mm
Another beautiful example, much lighter.Simon
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1941a JOHN II ASPRON TRACHY NOMISA IV DOC 8 Constantinople SBCV-1941
OBV IC XC in upper field.
Christ bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and kolobion, seated upon throne without back: , holds gospels in l. Single pellet at each end of cushion on throne.
REV Full length figure of emperor on l. and of St. George, nimbate and beardless, holding between them patriarchal cross on long shaft at the base of which a small globe. Emperor wears stemma, divitision and chlamys; saint wears short military tunic, breastplate and sagion, holds sword in l. hand.
Size
Weight 4.33gm
DOC lists several variations 4 examples total with weights from 3.56gm to 4.45gm and sizes from 32 to 34 mm.Simon
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1942 JOHN II ASPRON TRACHY NOMISA IV DOC 8c Variation II Constantinople SBCV-1942
OBV IC XC in upper field.
Christ bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and kolobion, seated upon throne without back: , holds gospels in l. Single pellet at each end of cushion on throne.
REV Full length figure of emperor on l. and of St. George, nimbate and beardless, holding between them patriarchal cross on long shaft at the base of which a small globe. Emperor wears stemma, divitision and chlamys; saint wears short military tunic, breastplate and sagion, Emperor and Saint hold patriarchal cross on a long shaft at the base of which three steps.
Size 31mm
Weight 3.18
EX Roma EF
DOC lists 9 examples total with weights from 3.11gm to 4.40gm and sizes from 30 to 33 mmSimon
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1951 JOHN II ASPRON TRACHY NOMISA IV DOC 8e Thessalonica SBCV-1951
OBV IC XC in upper field.
Christ bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and kolobion, seated upon throne without back: , holds gospels in l. Single pellet at each end of cushion on throne.
REV Full length figure of emperor on l. and of St. George, nimbate and beardless, holding between them patriarchal cross on long shaft at the base of which a small globe. Emperor wears stemma, divitision and chlamys; saint wears short military tunic, breastplate and sagion, Emperor and Saint hold between them labarum on a long shaft at the base of which a small globe.
Size 30.48mm
Weight 4.1gm
DOC lists 3 examples total with weights from 3.98gm to 4.12gm and sizes from 31 to 33 mm.Simon
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2015c ALEXIUS III ANGELUS-COMNENUS AE TETARTERON S-2015 DOC 5 CLBC 8.4.3 OBV Bust of St. George , beardless and nimbate , wearing tunic, breastplate wearing tunic, breastplate, and sagion; holds spear in r. hand resting on l. shoulder and in l. scroll or hilt of sword.
REV Full length figure of emperor wearing stemma, divitision, and chlamys; holds in r. hand labarum on long shaft and in l. Globus cruciger.
All examples of Alexius tetartera are difficult to obtain these days, however DOC has many examples in their collection. This one has a dark black patina obscuring a very interesting portrait of Saint George.
Size 17.84mm
Weight 3.7gm
DOC lists 22 examples with weights from 1.91gm to 4.55gm and sizes from 17mm to 22mm
Simon
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25.17. András III., (Andreas III.), King of Hungary, (1290-11301 A.D.), CÁC III. 25.17.1.1./0.1./01., H-413, CNH I.-363, U-321, AR-Denarius, #0125.17. András III., (Andreas III.), King of Hungary, (1290-11301 A.D.), CÁC III. 25.17.1.1./0.1./01., H-413, CNH I.-363, U-321, AR-Denarius, #01
avers: King standing facing, holding sword and shield, patriarchal cross on the shield, a border of dots.
reverse: The lion of Saint Mark, a border of dots.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 11,5mm, weight: 0,44g, axis:0h,
mint: Esztergom , date: A.D., ref: Huszár-413, CNH I.-363, Unger-321,
CÁC III. 25.17.1.1./0.1./01.,
Q-001quadrans
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4) Antony: SosiusGAIUS SOSIUS
General to Antony
Æ 26mm (14.5 g). ~ 38 BC.
Cilicia, Uncertain Mint.
Bare head right / Fiscus, sella, quaestoria and hasta; Q below.
Coin has been attributed to multiple rulers, including Julius Caesar, Augustus and Brutus. Now believed to be Sosius, General to Antony and Governor of Syria.
RPC I 5409; Laffaille 324; Grant, FITA, pg. 13. aFine, brown patina, scratches. Rare.
0001SOS
Sosius was wily and accomplished man. A talented general, he received a triumph. However, he consistently picked the wrong side in Rome's Civil Wars (Senate vs. Caesar, then Antony vs. Octavian) yet somehow managed to keep his head.
According to Wikipedia:
Gaius Sosius was a Roman general and politician.
Gaius Sosius was elected quaestor in 66 BC and praetor in 49 BC. Upon the start of the civil war, he joined the party of the Senate and Pompey. Upon the flight of Pompey to Greece, Sosius returned to Rome and submitted to Julius Caesar.
After the assassination of Caesar, Sosius joined the party of Mark Antony, by whom in 38 BC he was appointed governor of Syria and Cilicia in the place of Publius Ventidius. As governor, Sosius was commanded by Antony to support Herod against Antigonus the Hasmonean, when the latter was in possession of Jerusalem. In 37 BC, he advanced against Jerusalem and after he became master of the city, Sosius placed Herod upon the throne. In return for this services, he was awarded a triumph in 34 BC, and he became consul along with Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus as his colleague in 32 BC.
When civil war broke out between Antony and Octavian, Sosius espoused the cause of Antony and violently attacked Octavian in the senate, for which he was forced to flee to the east. In 31 BC, Sosius commanded a squadron in Mark Antony's fleet with which he managed to defeat the squadron of Taurius Rufus – according to Dio 50.14 – and put it to flight, but when the latter was reinforced by Marcus Agrippa, Sosius's ally Tarcondimotus – the king of Cilicia – was killed and Sosius himself was forced to flee. At Actium, Sosius commanded the left wing of Antony's fleet. After the battle, from which he managed to escape, his hiding place was detected and Sosius was captured and brought before Octavian but, at the intercession of Lucius Arruntius, Octavian pardoned him. He returned to Rome and completed his building project on the temple of Apollo Medicus (begun in 34 BC), dedicating it in Octavian's name.
Unknown sons, but two daughters : Sosia and Sosia Galla, possibly by an Asinia,[1] a Nonia or an Aelia. However the name reappears with Q. Sosius Senecio, (consul in 99 and 107).[2] and Saint Sosius (275-305 AD).
Sosius attended the Ludi Saeculares in 17 according to an inscription CIL 6.32323 = ILS 5050 as a quindecimvir.
RM0002Sosius
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405a. HelenaFlavia Iulia Helena, also known as Saint Helena, Saint Helen, Helena Augusta, and Helena of Constantinople, (c.248 - c.329) was the first wife of Constantius Chlorus, and the mother of Emperor Constantine I. She is traditionally credited with finding the relics of the True Cross.
Many legends surround her. She was allegedly the daughter of an innkeeper. Her son Constantine renamed the city of Drepanum on the Gulf of Nicomedia as 'Helenopolis' in her honor, which led to later interpretions that Drepanum was her birthplace.
Constantius Chlorus divorced her (c.292) to marry the step-daughter of Maximian, Flavia Maximiana Theodora. Helena's son, Constantine, became emperor of the Roman Empire, and following his elevation she became a presence at the imperial court, and received the title Augusta.
She is considered by the Orthodox and Catholic churches as a saint, famed for her piety. Eusebius records the details of her pilgrimage to Palestine and other eastern provinces. She is traditionally credited (but not by Eusebius) with the finding of relics of the True Cross (q.v.), and finding the remains of the Three Wise Men, which currently reside in the Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral. Her feast day as a saint of the Orthodox Christian Church is celebrated with her son on May 21, the Feast of the Holy Great Sovereigns Constantine and Helen, Equal to the Apostles. Her feast day in the Roman Catholic Church falls on August 18.
At least 25 sacred wells currently exist in Britain that were dedicated to her. She is also the patron saint of Colchester.
Helena Follis. FL HELENA AVGVSTA, diademed and draped bust right / SECVRITAS REIPVBLICE, Securitas standing left, holding branch in right hand; PTR(crescent) in ex.ecoli
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42 - St Etienne, LoireMaison de Commission, Fruits et Primeurs, J.B. Fanget, Saint-Etienne, Loire
Aluminium ovoïde, 20 x 28 mm
A/ MAISON DE COMMISSION J.B FANGET FRUITS ET PRIMEURS St ETIENNE
R/ 10 Fr
Réfs : Elie M30.2
Gabalor
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42 - St-Maurice-en-Gourgeois, Loire, FranceCafé de la place, Berger Faure, Saint-Maurice-en-Gourgois, Loire
Zinc nickelé, 24 mm
A/ CAFE DE LA PLACE / BERGER FAURE / St MAURICE EN GOURGOIS
R/ BON POUR 12 c 1/2 EN CONSOMMATION
Réfs : Elie 20.1
Gabalor
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48 - Saint-Alban, LozèreAsile, Saint Alban sur Limagnole, Lozère
Aluminium, 30 mm
A/ ASILE DE St ALBAN
R/ 2 F
Réfs : Elie 10.3
Gabalor
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515a. Aelia FlacillaEmpress, wife of Theodosius the Great, died c. A. D. 385 or 386. Like Theodosius himself, his first wife, Ælia Flaccilla, was of Spanish descent. She may have been the daughter of Claudius Antonius, Prefect of Gaul, who was consul in 382. Her marriage with Theodosius probably took place in the year 376, when his father, the comes Theodosius, fell into disfavour and he himself withdrew to Cauca in Gallæcia, for her eldest son, afterwards Emperor Arcadius, was born towards the end of the following year. In the succeeding years she presented two more children to her husband Honorius (384), who later became emperor, and Pulcheria, who died in early childhood, shortly before her mother. Gregory of Nyssa states expressly that she had three children; consequently the Gratian mentioned by St. Ambrose, together with Pulcheria, was probably not her son. Flaccilla was, like her husband, a zealous supporter of the Nicene Creed and prevented the conference between the emperor and the Arian Eunomius (Sozomen, Hist. eccl., VII, vi). On the throne she was a shining example of Christian virtue and ardent charity. St. Ambrose describes her as "a soul true to God" (Fidelis anima Deo. — "De obitu Theodosii", n. 40, in P. L., XVI, 1462). In his panegyric St. Gregory of Nyssa bestowed the highest praise on her virtuous life and pictured her as the helpmate of the emperor in all good works, an ornament of the empire, a leader of justice, an image of beneficence. He praises her as filled with zeal for the Faith, as a pillar of the Church, as a mother of the indigent. Theodoret in particular exalts her charity and benevolence (Hist. eccles., V, xix, ed. Valesius, III, 192 sq.). He tells us how she personally tended cripples, and quotes a saying of hers: "To distribute money belongs to the imperial dignity, but I offer up for the imperial dignity itself personal service to the Giver." Her humility also attracts a special meed of praise from the church historian. Flaccilla was buried in Constantinople, St. Gregory of Nyssa delivering her funeral oration. She is venerated in the Greek Church as a saint, and her feast is kept on 14 September. The Bollandists (Acta SS., Sept., IV, 142) are of the opinion that she is not regarded as a saint but only as venerable, but her name stands in the Greek Menæa and Synaxaria followed by words of eulogy, as is the case with the other saints
Wife of Theodosius. The reverse of the coin is very interesting; a nice bit of Pagan-Christian syncretism with winged victory inscribing a chi-rho on a shield. ecoli
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603. MarcianMarcian was born in Thrace or Illyria. He spent his early life as an obscure soldier. He subsequently served for nineteen years under Ardaburius and Aspar, and took part in the wars against the Persians and Vandals. In 431, Marcian was taken prisoner by the Vandals in the fighting near Hippo Regius; brought before the Vandal king Geiseric, he was released on his oath never to take up arms against the Vandals.
Through the influence of these generals he became a captain of the guards, and was later raised to the rank of tribune and senator. On the death of Theodosius II he was chosen as consort by the latter's sister and successor, Pulcheria, and called upon to govern an empire greatly humbled and impoverished by the ravages of the Huns.
Upon becoming Emperor, Marcian repudiated the embarrassing payments of tribute to Attila the Hun, which the latter had been accustomed to receiving from Theodosius in order to refrain from attacks on the eastern empire. Aware that he could never capture the eastern capital of Constantinople, Attila turned to the west and waged his famous campaigns in Gaul 451 and Italy (452) while leaving Marcian's dominions alone.
He reformed the finances, checked extravagance, and repopulated the devastated districts. He repelled attacks upon Syria and Egypt (452), and quelled disturbances on the Armenian frontier (456). The other notable event of his reign is the Council of Chalcedon (451), in which Marcian endeavoured to mediate between the rival schools of theology.
Marcian generally ignored the affairs of the western Roman Empire, leaving that tottering half of the empire to its fate. He did nothing to aid the west during Attila's campaigns, and, living up to his promise, ignored the depredations of Geiseric even when the Vandals sacked Rome in 455. It has recently been argued, however, that Marcian was more actively involved in aiding the western Empire than historians had previously believed and that Marcian's fingerprints can be discerned in the events leading up to, and including, Attila's death. (See Michael A. Babcock, "The Night Attila Died: Solving the Murder of Attila the Hun," Berkley Books, 2005.)
Shortly before Attila's death in 453, conflict had begun again between him and Marcian. However, the powerful Hun king died before all-out war broke out. In a dream, Marcian claimed he saw Attila's bow broken before him, and a few days later, he got word that his great enemy was dead.
Marcian died in 457 of disease, possibly gangrene contracted during a long religious journey.
Despite his short reign and his writing off of the west Marcian is considered one of the best of the early "Byzantine" emperors. The Eastern Orthodox Church recognizes him and his wife Pulcheria as saints, with their feast day on February 17.
Marcian AE4.9mm (1.30 grams) D N MARCIANVS P F AV, diademed & draped bust right / Monogram of Marcian inside wreath, * aboveecoli
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71 - Le Grand Moloy, Saint Léger du Bois, Saône et Loire, France.1 franc, laiton, 23 mm
A/ MINES DE HOUILLE DU GRAND MOLOY / UN FRANC
R/ ALBERT QUEULAIN 1 FRANC
Réfs : Numismatique des mines et carrières (A.C.J.M.) - 1.1
Gabalor
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Abbey of Saint Martial (France, feudal) billion denierAbbey of Saint Martial (France, feudal)
Obverse:
Bearded bust of Saint Martial, front, flanked by two rings. The Inscription reads: SES MARCIAL for Sanctus Marcial (Saint Martial).
Reverse:
Cross with 4 pairs of dots within an inner circle, legend around. The Inscription reads: +LEMOVICENSIS for Lemovicensis ([Denier] of Limoges).
18mm; .89g
Mint: Limoges, France
References: PA 2291, 2296, 2298; Dy feodales 883-884, 886-893; Boudeau 390, Roberts 4912wileyc
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Abbots of Souvigny 1080-1213 AR denier Obv SILVIMIA.CO cross
Rev. SES.MAIOLNS facing portrait of saint Maieur
Mint:Souvigny
Date: 1080-1213
19mm
.83g
Roberts 4916
wileyc
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AE billion trachy John III SB 2101 type M Obverse: IC XC barred, Full length figure of Christ, standing on dais?, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds Gospels in l. hand.
Reverse: IW OO, KW or IW barred O KW, full length figure of emperor on L., and of St Constantine nimbate, holding between them sword, half sheathed point downwards. Emperor and saint wear stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type. Emperor and saint rest hand on shield, emperor r. hand, saint l. hand.
Mint: Magnesia
Date: 1221-54 CE
Sear 2101, DO IV pl XXXIII, 47.
28mm, 2.50 gwileyc
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AE billion trachy John III SB 2102 type NObverse: hP- theta V barred, Three quarter length figure of virgin nimbate, orans, wearing tunic and maphorion; star to lower left and right in field.
Reverse: IW, full-length figure of emperor on l., and St. Theodore bearded and nimbate, holding between them sheathed sword, point downward, resting on shield. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar-peice, and paneled loros of simplified type; holds labarum -headed scepter in r. hand. Saint wears short military tunic and breast plate, holds spear in l. hand.
Mint: Magnesia
Sear 2102, DOC
25mm, 3.02gwileyc
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ALEXIUS I Lead Tetarteron "Coronation Series" S-NL DOC37Full Length figures of John II and of St. Demetrius holding between them a labarum on a long shaft. Emperor weras Stemma, divitision , collar piece and Jewelled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic, Breast plate and Saigon. Rev Full length figures of Alexius l. on l. and of Irene holding between them cross on shaft. 20mm Very Good. Thessalonica Mint. DOC 37 The first tetarteron after coin reforms.
This coin is made of lead and it has been recently determined to be the first tetarteron.
Simon
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ALEXIUS I Lead Tetarteron "Coronation Series" S-NL DOC37Full Length figures of John II and of St. Demetrius holding between them a labarum on a long shaft. Emperor weras Stemma, divitision , collar piece and Jewelled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic, Breast plate and Saigon. Rev Full length figures of Alexius l. on l. and of Irene holding between them cross on shaft. 17mm Fine with gash and slight bend. Thessalonica Mint. DOC 37 The first tetarteron after coin reforms.
This coin is made of lead and it has been recently determined to be the first tetarteron
Simon
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Alexius III
Obv: Christ nimbate, bust facing, holding scroll.
Rev: Alexius (on left) crowned, wearing loros, and holding labarum. Saint Constantine (right) nimbate and bearded, wearing loros, holding labarum and cross on globe between them.
sb 2011,12, or 13 Randygeki(h2)
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Alexius III AE Trachy S-2011 DOC 3 Var B (b)Beardless, nimbate bust of Christ, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand. Pellet s in each limb of nimbus cross.
REV Full length figure of Emperor on l. and of St. Constantine nimbate, holding between then Globus crucgier. Emperor and Saint wear stemma,divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type; both hold labarum headed scepter. 25mm clipped?
Many varietys of this coin are listed in DOC, the types are broken down by emperor's loros design and the Gl Cr. drape design. Also the number of jewels on his collar piece. Sear breaks his numbers by legend ( 3 types) but DOC shows many diffrent legends. Simon
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Alexius III AE Trachy S-2011 DOC 3Beardless, nimbate bust of Christ, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand. Pellet s in each limb of nimbus cross.
REV Full length figure of Emperor on l. and of St. Constantine nimbate, holding between then Globus crucgier. Emperor and Saint wear stemma,divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type; both hold labarum headed scepter.
Many varietys of this coin are listed in DOC, the types are broken down by emperor's loros design and the Gl Cr. drape design. Also the number of jewels on his collar piece. Sear breaks his numbers by legend ( 3 types) but DOC shows many diffrent legends.Simon
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Alexius III AE Trachy S-2012 DOC 3 Var ABeardless, nimbate bust of Christ, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand. Pellet s in each limb of nimbus cross.
REV Full length figure of Emperor on l. and of St. Constantine nimbate, holding between then Globus crucgier. Emperor and Saint wear stemma,divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type; both hold labarum headed scepter. 28/33 mm
Interesting series, DOC lists 9 var of this coin,
Simon
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ALEXIUS PB TETARTERON S-Unlisted DOC 37 CLBC 2.5.1OBV Full length figures of John II beardless on r., and st Demetrius, holding between them labarum on long shaft. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type. Saint wears short military tunic , breastplate, and saigon; holds sword, point resting on ground, in r. hand.
REV Full length figures of Alexius on l. and of Irene, holding between them cross on long shaft. Both wear stemma, divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of a simplified type.
Size 16.59mm
Weight 4.4 gm
These lead Tetarteron are coronation issues of John II and believed to be the origin of the series of tetartera. Thessalonica Mint
DOC lists 6 examples with weights running from3.33 gm to 6.16 gm and sizes from 17mm to 19mm
Simon
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Andronicus III, SBCV 2482Bust of St Demetrius wearing armor and holding spear
AM above saint, AN to right of emperor
St. Michael standing left blessing emperor who is holding to patriarchal crosses
Thessalonica
AE trachy
20mm, 0.69g
novacystis
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Andronicus III, SBCV 2492, DOC Cl. XXXIII (Andronicus II) Bust of military saint holding sword on shoulder
No legend
Bust of Andronicus holding two globi crucigeri
Thessalonica
AE aspron trachy, 20mm, 0.72g
Specimen is broken and regluednovacystis
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Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans (1650-1693), Liard - 1666Atelier de Trevoux
+ M . P . DOMBA[R . D . M]ONTIS . M couronné entre trois fleurs de lis dans un cercle
+ DNS ADIV[TOR ME]VS 1666, Croix de l'ordre de Saint Esprit
0.53 gr
Ref : Divo Dombes # 240vPotator II
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Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans (1650-1693), Liard - 1667Atelier de Trevoux
[+ M . P . DO]MBAR . D . MONT[IS] . M couronné entre trois fleurs de lis dans un cercle
Rose DNS [ADIVTOR ME]VS 1667, Croix de l'ordre de Saint Esprit
0.55 gr
Ref : Divo Dombes # 240Potator II
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Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans (1650-1693), Liard - 1669Atelier de Trévoux
+ M . P . DOMBAR . D . MONTI[S] . M couronné entre trois fleurs de lis dans un cercle
Rose DNS [ADIVT]OR MEVS 1669 Croix de l'ordre de Saint Esprit
0.61 gr
Ref : Divo Dombes # 240vPotator II
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Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans (1650-1693), Liard - 1673
Atelier de Trévoux
+ M . P . DO[MBAR . MON]TIS. M couronné entre trois fleurs de lis dans un cercle
Rose [DNS ADIV]TOR MEVS 1673 Croix de l'ordre de Saint Esprit
0.62 gr
Ref : Divo Dombes # 241v
Potator II
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Anne Marie Louise d'Orleans (1650-1693), Liard - 1675Atelier de Trévoux
+ M . P . DOMBAR . MONTIS. M couronné entre trois fleurs de lis dans un cercle
Rose [DNS ADIV]TOR MEVS 1675 Croix de l'ordre de Saint Esprit
0.47 gr
Ref : Divo Dombes # 241v
Potator II
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AR Denier French feudal Souvigny Denier of Souvigny abbotts
Bust Of saint Mayeul (4th Abbot of Cluny born in 906 AD in Avignon, France. He died on May 11 994 AD at Souvigny)
Obv: SCS MAILOUS
Rev: + SILVINACO cross
Mint: Souvigny
Date:1080-1213 CE
19mm; .75g
Roberts 4913, Mayhew p44-78wileyc
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Asia Minor - AE4th - 3rd century BC
laureate head of Apollo? left
key or hook-like symbol
Numismatik Naumann 99, lot 110; Saint Paul Auction 12, lot 36; Nomos Auction 22, lot 198
ex NaumannJ. B.
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asmcalee782a1brockageElagabalus
Antioch, Syria
Obv. Laureate head right, brockage from reverse
Rev. S·C, Δ ε above, eagle below, all within laurel wreath fastened at top with diamond. Brockage from obverse.
21 mm, 3.41 gms.
McAlee 782(a)Charles M
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AsperByzantine silver, Trebizond Empire, John II, 1280-1297 AD, AR Asper
Obverse: St. Eugenius stanidng holding long cross
Reverse: John standing holding labarum and akakia
Diameter approx 23.5 mm,
EMPIRE of TREBIZOND. John II. 1280-1297. AR Asper (2.75 g, 7h). Imitative issue. St. Eugenius, nimbate, standing facing, holding long cross with cross bar on shaft / John standing facing, holding lily-headed sceptre and globus cruciger. Cf. Retowski 16 (same obverse die); cf. SB 2609. Good VF, typical weak strike. ($200)
Retowski's aspers of his group B, section 1 have several anomalous features that set them apart from the normal series. On this one example, the cross held by St. Eugenius has a lower cross bar, not seen on any other example. Most of the Group B, 1 specimens have the saint's name ending in IOV, rather than the IOC or IO seen on standard varieties. On the reverse the emperor's cloak is shown as a single cross-hatched panel lacking the normal decorated chlamys end tied around his waist. In addition, on this unique example the emperor holds a lily-headed sceptre, rather than one with a labarum as on every other type. The lily sceptre does not appear elsewhere in the Trebizond series, but does occasionally show as an attribute in the Bulgarian royal series. See a bronze of Mitso Asen (1256-1263), Radishev p. 93. This coin, and others in group B, 1 are probably imitative issues copying Trebizond types, and may have been struck anywhere along the north shore of the Black Sea, where the Tartar Khanates ruled, occasionally holding the Bulgarian kings as their vassals.
http://www.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=107443&AucID=121&Lot=1136
Alexios
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ASSOS, TROAS AR HemiobolOBV: Veiled female head left
REV: Griffin right, A to left, in dotted linear square within incuse square
Struck at Assos, 420-380 BC
.3g, 6.88mm
BMC Lycia, Pamphlia, and Pisidia p. 21, #100, plate 6 #4 (attributed to Lycia). Cf. CNG e-auction 287, September 2012, lot 128
ex Saint Paul AntiquesLegatus
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Augustus Saint-Gaudens, 1970 NYU Hall of Fame MedalObv: THE HALL OF FAME FOR GREAT AMERICANS AT NEW YORK UNIVERSITY on outer edge of medal, facing head of ASG, SAINT – GAUDENS 1848 - 1907
Rev: Nude male figure kneeling and chiseling a sculpture of a hand.
Note: In addition to creating works of art displayed around the world, Augustus Saint-Gaudens also contributed works for NYU's Hall of Fame collection.
Category: Artist
Year Elected: 1920
Medal Issued: 1970
Sculptor: Stanley Martineau
Mint: Medallic Art Company
Details: Bronze, 44 mm, 0°
Matt Inglima
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Austria, CNA I. C a-005, Eberhard I. (1147-1164 A.D.), AR-Pfennig, Friesach, under Archbishopric of Salzburg, Sprag cross with balls in each angle, #1Austria, CNA I. C a-005, Eberhard I. (1147-1164 A.D.), AR-Pfennig, Friesach, under Archbishopric of Salzburg, Sprag cross with balls in each angle, #1
avers: Saint’s bust facing between Crozier and star, cross above.
reverse: Sprag cross with balls in each angle.
diameter: 17,5-18,0 mm, weight: 0,73g, axis: 6/12 h,
mint: Krems - Friesach, mint mark: -/-,
date: 1147-1164 A.D., ref: CNA I. C a-005,
Q-001quadrans
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Austria, CNA I. C b-013, Bernhard, Duke of Carinthia (1202-1256 AD), Friesacher pfennig of Carinthia, Saint Veit mint. It was minted c. 1212-1216 during the reign of Bernhard, #1Austria, CNA I. C b-013, Bernhard, Duke of Carinthia (1202-1256 AD), Friesacher pfennig of Carinthia, Saint Veit mint. It was minted c. 1212-1216 during the reign of Bernhard, #1
avers: + SANCTVS, Cross with five-pointed mullets in angles.
reverse: + DVX CARIN CIE, Standing figure of the duke in armor, and helmeted, holding sword and triangular shield, around.
diameter: 14-15mm, weight: 0,54g, axis: h,
mint: Carinthia, Saint Veit mint mark: -/-,
date: 1212-1216 A.D., during the reign of Bernhard,
ref: Luschin 194, Koch CNA I. C b-013,
Q-001quadrans
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Auxonne in France, 1424-1427 AD., Duchy of Burgundy, Philippe le Bon, Blanc aux écus, Poey d'Avant # 5735.France, Duchy of Burgundy, Auxonne mint (?), Philip the Good (Philippe le Bon, 1419-1467), struck 1424-1427 AD.,
AR blanc aux écus (26-28 mm / 3,27 g),
Obv.: + DVX : ET : COMES : BVRGVDIE , Ecus accolés de Bourgogne nouveau et Bourgogne ancien sous PhILIPVS.
Rev.: + SIT : NOMEN : DNI : BENEDICTVM , Croix longue entre un lis et un lion, au-dessus de PhILIPVS.
B., 1230 ; Dumas, 15-7-1 ; Poey d'Avant # 5735.
"PotatorII": "This coin is atributed to Auxonne mint because of the presence of a "secret dot" under the first letter (S) on reverse."
Rare
Imitation du blanc aux écus d'Henri VI d'Angleterre, frappé en France à partir de novembre 1422.
Philip the Good (French: Philippe le Bon), also Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (July 31, 1396 – June 15, 1467) was Duke of Burgundy from 1419 until his death. He was a member of a cadet line of the Valois dynasty (the then Royal family of France). During his reign Burgundy reached the height of its prosperity and prestige and became a leading center of the arts. Philip is known in history for his administrative reforms, patronage of Flemish artists such as Jan van Eyck, and the capture of Joan of Arc. During his reign he alternated between English and French alliances in an attempt to improve his dynasty's position.
Born in Dijon, he was the son of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria-Straubing. On the 28 January 1405, he was named Count of Charolais in appanage of his father and probably on the same day he was engaged to Michele of Valois (1395–1422), daughter of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. They were married in June of 1409.
Philip subsequently married Bonne of Artois (1393–1425), daughter of Philip of Artois, Count of Eu, and also the widow of his uncle, Philip II, Count of Nevers, in Moulins-les-Engelbert on November 30, 1424. The latter is sometimes confused with Philip's biological aunt, also named Bonne (sister of John the Fearless, lived 1379 - 1399), in part due to the Papal Dispensation required for the marriage which made no distinction between a marital aunt and a biological aunt.
His third marriage, in Bruges on January 7, 1430 with Isabella of Portugal (1397 - December 17, 1471), daughter of John I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster, produced three sons:
* Antoine (September 30, 1430, Brussels – February 5, 1432, Brussels), Count of Charolais
* Joseph (April 24, 1432 – aft. May 6, 1432), Count of Charolais
* Charles (1433–1477), Count of Charolais and Philip's successor as Duke, called "Charles the Bold" or "Charles the Rash"
Philip also had some eighteen illegitimate children, including Antoine, bastard of Burgundy, by twenty four documented mistresses [1]. Another, Philip of Burgundy (1464-1524), bishop of Utrecht, was a fine amateur artist, and the subject of a biography in 1529.
Philip became duke of Burgundy, count of Flanders, Artois and Franche Comté when his father was assassinated in 1419. Philip accused Charles, the Dauphin of France and Philip's brother-in-law of planning the murder of his father which had taken place during a meeting between the two at Montereau, and so he continued to prosecute the civil war between the Burgundians and Armagnacs. In 1420 Philip allied himself with Henry V of England under the Treaty of Troyes. In 1423 the alliance was strengthened by the marriage of his sister Anne to John, Duke of Bedford, regent for Henry VI of England.
In 1430 Philip's troops captured Joan of Arc at Compiègne and later handed her over to the English who orchestrated a heresy trial against her, conducted by pro-Burgundian clerics. Despite this action against Joan of Arc, Philip's alliance with England was broken in 1435 when Philip signed the Treaty of Arras (which completely revoked the Treaty of Troyes) and thus recognised Charles VII as king of France. Philip signed for a variety of reasons, one of which may have been a desire to be recognised as the Premier Duke in France. Philip then attacked Calais, but this alliance with Charles was broken in 1439, with Philip supporting the revolt of the French nobles the following year (an event known as the Praguerie) and sheltering the Dauphin Louis.
Philip generally was preoccupied with matters in his own territories and seldom was directly involved in the Hundred Years' War, although he did play a role during a number of periods such as the campaign against Compiegne during which his troops captured Joan of Arc. He incorporated Namur into Burgundian territory in 1429 (March 1, by purchase from John III, Marquis of Namur), Hainault and Holland, Frisia and Zealand in 1432 (with the defeat of Countess Jacqueline in the last episode of the Hook and Cod wars); inherited the duchy of Brabant and Limburg and the margrave of Antwerp in 1430 (on the death of his cousin Philip of Saint-Pol); and purchased Luxembourg in 1443 from Elisabeth of Bohemia, Duchess of Luxembourg. Philip also managed to ensure his illegitimate son, David, was elected Bishop of Utrecht in 1456. It is not surprising that in 1435, Philip began to style himself "Grand Duke of the West". In 1463 Philip returned some of his territory to Louis XI. That year he also created an Estates-General based on the French model. The first meeting of the Estates-General was to obtain a loan for a war against France and to ensure support for the succession of his son, Charles I, to his dominions. Philip died in Bruges in 1467.
my ancient coin database
Arminius
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BCC LS37 Lead Seal SaintLead Seal
Caesarea Maritima
Uncertain Date
Obv: Bearded? facing portrait of Saint
Basil?, nimbate, uncertain inscription
to left...T or Γ?, and right O..? / EI / IA..?
Rev: Damaged, incomplete cruciform
monogram, containing Greek letters
Λ, K?, C?, I (O, Y), and at least two, three,
or more letters to left and right.
20 x 19.5 x 4.0mm. 7.67gm. Axis:0
Unknown provenance, Israel, 1970's
J. Berlin Caesarea Collection
(Click for larger pic. Any assistance with ID appreciated)v-drome
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Billion Trachy Theodore I Commenus-Lascaris SB 2061 Type AObverse: Virgin nimbate enthroned without back, holding nimbate head of Christ on Her breast
Reverse: Theodore and St Theodore stg, facing holding patriarchal cross between them, Emperor on l., wears stemma, divitision, a collor piece and simple panelled loros, hold labarum in r. hand and saint wears a short military tunic and breast plate holds spear in left, resting over shoulder.
Mint: nicaea
Date: 1205-12? CE
Sear 2061 H 30.7-10
23mm 2.49gmwileyc
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Billion trachy John III Type V, SB 2144Obverse: Bust of Christ Emmanuel, beardless, and nimbate, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand.
Reverse: Full length figure of emperor on l, and St. Tryphon, beardless and nimbate, holding between them long shaft at the head of which lys, and the base of which small globe. Emperor wears stemma, divitison, jeweled loros of simplified type, and sagion; holds labarum on long shaft in r. hand. Saint wears short military tunic, breastplate, and sagion; holds scepter with triple heard in l. hand.
Mint:Magnesia
Date: 1221-1254 CE
Sear 2144 attributed originally to Theodore II (type D (12.1-6) now John III Type V; pls XXXVI and LIV).
25mm, 3.26
wileyc
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Billion trachy lg module, clipped type G SB 2027Obverse:MP-OV barred upper fields. Virgin nimbate, seated on throne with back, holds beardless nimbate of Christ on breast.
Reverse: MANOVH delta, ECN? Full length figure of emperor on l., and beardless, nimbate military saint between them a labarum on a long shaft. Emp wears stemma, div, and chlamys; r. hand sc. cr. Saint wears short miltary tunic and sagion; l. hand jewelled sc.
Mint: Constantinople
Date: 1219-28 mostly Robert de Courtenai
15mm
Sear 2027, Hendy type G
wileyc
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