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Image search results - "Roman"
TRAIAN-7.jpg
TRAJAN - Dupondius. 115 AD.
Obv.:IMP CAES NER TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS VI P P, radiate, draped bust right
Rev.:SENATVS POPVLVSQVE ROMANVS S C, Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus & cornucopiae.
Gs. 11,6 mm. 26,1
Cohen 353, RIC 674
Maxentius
Litra.jpg
Anonymous AE Litra. 241-235 BC. (Grueber, half-litra: 312/290 BC)
Romano-Campanian
Obv.:Helmeted, beardless head of Mars right
Rev.:Head of horse right with bridle. A sickle behind, ROMA below.
Gs. 3,4 mm. 15,2
Crawford 25/3, Sear RCV 594, BMRRC II 64



Maxentius
DenLTiturioSabRatto.jpg
Denarius - 89 BC - Mint of Rome
L. TITVRIVS SABINVS - Gens Tituria
Obv.: Head of Titus Tatius right; SABIN behind, palm before
Rev.: Two Roman soldiers, each carrying a woman; L. TITVRI in exergue.
Gs. 4 mm. 17x18,9
Cr344/1b, Sear RCV 249, Grueber 2325.



Maxentius
GALERIUS-2.jpg
GALERIVS - Silvered AE Follis - 297-298 AD. - Heraclea mint
Obv.: GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES, laureate head right
Rev.: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI, Genius standing left, holding patera & cornucopia, HTΓ in ex.
Gs. 10,5 mm. 27,5
Cohen 78, RIC 20b
Maxentius
DenPPorcioLaeca.jpg
Denarius -110-109 BC. - Rome mint
P. PORCIVS LAECA - Gens Porcia
Obv.: Helmeted head of Roma right; P LÆCA behind; ROMA above; X under the chin
Rev.: Roman soldier standing left, placing his hand on head of a citizen, lictor standing behind; PROVOCO in ex.
Gs. 3,8 mm. 18,68x16,90
Crawf. 301/1, Sear RCV 178
It refers to Lex Porcia de provocatione, by which a citizen could appeal against military sentences


Maxentius
Unattributed.jpg
Unattributed Roman Vota...Possibly ConstansDumanyu2
coin628.jpg
Head of Herakles. ΚΟΡΚΥΡΑΙΩΝ Prow and name of Prytanis
Corcyra (modern Corfu) under the Romans, c.229-48 BC,
I think the magistrates name is ΦΑΛΑΚΡ[ΟΣ] on mine
Coin #628
cars100
coin409.jpg
Sear Byzantine Coins and their Values # sb1760
Romanus I. 920-944 AD. Æ Follis. Constantinople
mint. Crowned facing bust, holding sceptre and
globus cruciger / +RWMA /N EN QEW bA SILE
VS RW/MAIWN. Coin #409
cars100
coin152.jpg
Valens AE3 DVM 46
Bust diad & cuir r. DN VALENS PF AVG / Rev
GLORIA ROMANORVM emp. Walking l, holding
Labarum & dragging captive. Coin #152

cars100
Byzantine_follis.JPG

An Anonymous Follis Class A 2 coin, type 21
Obverse: Christ facing, holding book of gospels IC to left XC to rightEmmanovha IC XC (God with us)
Reverse: +IhSYS XRISTYS bASILEY bASILE (Jesus Christ, King of Kings)
Sear attributes it to the joint reign of Basil II and Constantine VIII 1020-1028 AD
Grierson in DOC says Romanus III and into Michael IV's
1 comments
112~0.JPG
History of Thessalian League
The Thessalian League/confederacy was made up of several cities in the Thessalian valley in Northern Greece. This area was completely surrounded by mountains and isolated except for a few passes. It was one of the few areas of Greece self-sufficient in grain and produced livestock and horses. Thessaly had the best calvary in Greece. The league was frequently weakened by intercity rivalries and lost its strength in the 5th century BC. The league was re-established in 374 BC by the tyrant Jason. He was assassinated in 370 BC, when it became evident that he had plans of conquest against the rest of Greece. After the death of Jason, there was infighting in the league and some of the cities requested help from Philip II of Macedon to settle the rivalries, which he accomplished in 353 BC. A few years later (344 BC), Philip II simply took control of the entire area. Thessaly remained under Macedonian control until Macedonia was defeated by the Romans in 197 BC. A new league was established in 196 BC. The league continued until 146 BC, then became part of the Roman province of Macedonia.
Antonivs Protti
antoninus-pius_AE-dupondius_abundance_11_80grams_01.jpg
Antoninus Pius - AE Dupondius

Roman Empire
Emperor Antoninus Pius. 138 - 161 AD. AE-Dupondius. Rome Mint.

obv: ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P IMP II - Radiate head of Antoninus Pius right
rev: TR POT XIX COS IIII - Annona seated right, holding cornucopia; at feet, modius.
'S C' below, in exergue.

25.83mm, 11.80g.
2 commentsrexesq
antoninus-pius_AE-dupondius_abundance_11_80grams_01_CUT.JPG
Antoninus Pius - AE Dupondius

Roman Empire
Emperor Antoninus Pius. 138 - 161 AD. AE-Dupondius. Rome Mint.

obv: ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P IMP II - Radiate head of Antoninus Pius right
rev: TR POT XIX COS IIII - Annona seated right, holding cornucopia; at feet, modius.
'S C' below, in exergue.

25.83mm, 11.80g.
rexesq
Balck_and_blue_neckless.jpg
ROMAN BLUE & BLACK GLASS BEADS
Specifications: •Date: C, 5th-8th century AD, late Roman early Byzantine
•Size: 4 mm to 13 mm
•Condition: Nice selection of blue and black beads

Antonivs Protti
Romanus_III,_Class_B_Follis,_Constantinople,_1028-1034_AD~0.JPG
Romanus III, Class B Follis, Constantinople, 1028-1034 AD

IC to left, XC to right
Christ, bust facing, square in each limb of nimbus cross,
holding book of gospels
IS-XS / BAS-ILE / BAS-ILE
cross with dots at the ends, on three steps
SB 1823
11.8g / 27mm
Antonivs Protti
Pella_bull.jpg
Macedonia under Roman rule. Gaius Publius Quaestor. 148-146BC. AE19mm. Obv. Athena in crested helmet. Rev. Grazing cow right. GAIOY TAMIOU. SNG ´Cop. 1323Lee S
ROMAN_AE_3_AS_FOUND_17mm_3_31gr_USS1_59.jpg
Antonivs Protti
ROMAN_AE_16,_AS_FOUND_16mm_2_06gr_USS_2_39.jpg
Antonivs Protti
Honorius,_GLORIA_ROMANORVM,_three_emperors,_Cyzicus,_406-408_AD~0.JPG
Antonivs Protti
Lot_of_14_coins_Iberian_Grec-roman_of_SpainLot_of_14_coins_Iberian_Grec-roman_of_Spain.jpg
Antonivs Protti
LOT_OF_43_ROMAN_-_GREEK_BRONZE_COINS_-_high_modulust.jpg
Antonivs Protti
roman_tray3a.jpg
Preparing to trim down my collection to one portait of each Roman family member that I can find this is the third tray to the end of the third century.mauseus
roman_tray2a.jpg
Preparing to trim down my collection to one portait of each Roman family member that I can find this is the second tray, the first part of the third century. Compiled this tray then noticed that I'd forgotten to put in Trajan Decius (doh!).1 commentsmauseus
unknown-provincial.jpg
Roman Provincial Trajan, AE23, of Tabae, Caria, 5.1g, 24mm

Obverse: AVK A TPAIANOC APIΓCΔA, Laureate head right.

Reverse: TABHNΩN, Demeter, polos on head, standing left, holding grain ears, bunch of grapes and sceptre.

Reference: SNG Cop 559, Hunter 4.
Gil-galad
v5a~0.jpg
Valentinian I AE3
Obverse: DN VALENTINIAN VS PF AVG, pearl diademed, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: GLORIA ROMANORVM, Emperor in military dress advancing right, head left, holding labarum and dragging captive behind.
Right field- star over A
D Gamma SISC in ex. 18.8 mm., 1.8 g.
NORMAN K
Unknown_Roman_Imperial.jpg
Roman.jpg
1 commentsddwau
Roman~0.jpg
ddwau
110353LG.jpg
Postumus. Romano-Gallic Emperor, A.D. 260-269. BI antoninianus (20 mm, 3.04 g, 7 h). Treveri, A.D. 266. IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust of Postumus right / FIDES [E]XERCITVS, four military standards. RIC 303; Mairat 120; AGK 20; RSC 65. Quant.Geek
dm2944.jpg
Roman looking AE20 with Pietas reverse. Uncertain late Roman imitative coin. 4.65g.
David C13
MARY,_QUEEN_OF_SCOTS_(1542-67).JPG
MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS
Mary I is one of the most well known, romantic and tragic figures in Scottish history. She was the only surviving child of King James V of Scotland and became queen on the death of her father when she was only six or seven days old. Mary was brought up in the Catholic faith and educated in France along with the French royal children, while Scotland was ruled in her name by regents, principally the Earl of Arran. In 1558 Mary married the French Dauphin, Francis, and following his accession in 1559 she became Queen consort of France and he King consort of Scotland. However, when Francis died in 1560 Mary was devastated and in 1561 she returned to Scotland. Four years later, in 1565, she married her half-cousin, Lord Darnley and the following year she bore him a son, who would later become James I of England. When in 1567, Darnley's house in Edinburgh was destroyed by an explosion and he was found murdered in the grounds, suspicion implicated Mary and her favourite, the Earl of Bothwell. When later that same year Mary married Bothwell those suspicions were not allayed, and following an uprising against her, she was imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle and forced to abdicate in favour of her one year old son. After an unsuccessful attempt to regain her throne and defeat at the battle of Langside in 1568, Mary fled south to England, only to be imprisoned by Elizabeth I who perceived her as a threat to the throne of England. For over eighteen years Elizabeth had Mary confined in various castles and manor houses throughout England until, in 1587, after being accused of numerous intrigues and plots against Elizabeth, Mary was beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle.
*Alex
Commodus.jpeg
Roman Provincial: Markianopolis Commodus
Commodus AE25 of Markianopolis, Moesia Inferior.
AVT KAI Λ AVΡH KOMOΔOC, bare-headed draped bust right
/ MAΡKIANOΠOΛEITΩN, statuary group of the Three Graces.
AMNG 540, SNG Cop 205
25mm.,6.21g.,
paul1888
300C1A0D-67CE-4E72-99C3-241BA69C0E97.jpeg
Trajan AR Denarius. Rome, AD 113-114. IMP TRAIANO OPTIMO AVG GER DAC P M TR P, laureate and draped bust right / COS VI P P SPQR, Trajan's column surmounted by statue of the emperor; at base, two eagles. RIC 307; BMCRE 522; RSC 115. 3.53g, 20mm, 6h. Ex: Roman Numismatics E-Sale 58, lot 1102, June 20, 2019; Ex: Spink Auction 18055, Lot 296, November 7, 2018; Ex: CNG E-auction 393, lot 242, March 15, 2017; Ex: Dr. Lawrence D. Sporty Collection; Ex: CNG Inventory # 874073, June 2010.1 commentspaul1888
Judaea__Roman_Procurators__Antonius_Felix_(AD_52-59)_under_Claudius__Prutah__18MM___3_06GM__23d.jpg
Antonivs Protti
Judaea__Roman_Procurators__Antonius_Felix_(AD_52-59)_under_Claudius__Prutah__16MM___2_94GM__20d.jpg
Antonivs Protti
AS_FOUND_Judaea__Roman_Procurators__Antonius_Felix_AD_52-59_under_Claudius__Prutah_17MM___1_59GM__12d_.jpg
Antonivs Protti
LRB_modified.jpg
21mm 4.3g
Unidentified Late Roman bronze


likely modified for use as a solidus weight
Victor C
190209013bz.jpg
Roman Imperial: Philip I Arabs 244-249, 23.20 g. Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG bust with laurel wreath to the right, Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG column with dedication inscription COS / III, in the field S - C
From the Schürer collection.
paul1888
490590F7-FAF6-4D16-9DB2-AC3AE0F9EE9E.jpeg
ROMAN EMPIRE. Philip I. 244-249 AD. AR Antoninianus (3.97 gm; 26mm x 23mm). Rome mint. Struck 248 AD. Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Antelope advancing left; VI in exergue. RIC IV 21; RSC 189. Secular games issue. paul1888
144F30DE-C64B-4340-A877-5A0E61E95975.jpeg
Roman Empire, Severus Alexander 222-235, Silver Denarius
Ancient Coins - Roman Empire, Severus Alexander 222-235, Silver Denarius zoom view
3.08g
Laureate head of Severus Alexander right "IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG"
Providentia standing, head left, holding a cornucopiae and corn ears over a modius. "PROVIDENTIA AVG"
RSC 501
paul1888
Republican_coin.jpg




Roman
Republican

Naevia 80 b.C. -ag/ denarius

Roman Republic



ag/ denarius

Crw. 382/1a Syd. 769
gr. 3,80
paul1888
Constantine_eyes_to_God.jpg


Roman Imperial
Family of Constantine I (A.D. 307-363)
Constantine I. A.D. 307/10-337. ’ follis (23 mm, 4.10 g, 6 h). Rome, A.D. 312/3. IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate and cuirassed bust of Constantine I right / SOLI INV-I-CTO COMITI, Sol standing facing, head left, extending arm and holding globe; RT. RIC 336a. VF, dark olive-green patina, clashed reverse die. The portrait of Constantine is engraved such that he has 'eyes to God'.
paul1888
C763547D-15C8-4EA5-997D-6DE878B5AB30.jpeg
Roman Empire,
Titus Denarius
C. 69-79 AD
Reverse: TR POT VIII COS VII, Quadriga left bearing flower.
Centrally struck with good metal, surfaces and detail.
Ref: RIC 1073
Weight: 3.52g
3 commentspaul1888
Severus_Alexander_Denarius_Mars.jpg
Roman Imperial
Severus Alexander, AD 222 - 235
Obverse: Bust of Severus Alexander Facing Right
Reverse: Mars Advancing right, shield in left hand, spear in right
Mass: 2.91 grams, C. 161; RIC 246
paul1888
Geta_Moesia_Tomis_Roman_Provincial_A.jpg
Roman Provincial, Moesia: Tomas
Geta AD 198-211
AE 4 Assaria
28 mm 11.27 grams
Obverse: Head of Geta facing right
Reverse: Trophy and Captives
paul1888
Fausta_reverse_Fausta_holding_two_children.jpg
Roman Empire
Fausta
Second wife of Constantine the Great
BI Cententionalis
Obverse: Fausta bust right
Reverse: Fausta holding two children
3.72 grams, 18 mm
paul1888
Roman_Republic_Cal__Piso_L__F__Frugi_denarius.jpg
Roman Republic
Cal. Piso L. F. Frugi
Ca: 67 BC
Obverse: Appolo
Reverse: Horseman
1 commentspaul1888
Roman_Republic_C__Augarinus_denarius.jpg
Roman Republic
C. Augurinus
Denarius
1 commentspaul1888
Roman_Imperial_Aurelian_SOL.jpg
Roman Imperial
Aurelian
AD 274-275; Billon Antoninianus
paul1888
DCF0CCBF-B3A4-4332-B4EB-0C3432F621A1.jpeg
Philip I Arabs, 244-249. Dupondius 248, Rome, on the city's 1000th anniversary. Bust / cippus. RIC 162 C. 197 10.14 g. Dark brown patina, rare good Very nice
Ex auction Leu 10, 1974, 319 (hammer price: 1700 CHF).

While Claudius (47) and Antoninus Pius (147) used the founding date of 753 B.C. As a basis, Philippus Arabs assumed the Capitoline era, which began a year later. The boundary stone (cippus terminalis) is used in Roman iconography to mark the beginning and end.
paul1888
Vespasian_Denarius_Judaea_Capta_.jpg
Roman Imperial, Vespasian AD 69-79, 3.11 grams, Obverse: Bust of Vespasian; Reverse: Judaea Trophy to left 1 commentspaul1888
1A4A1BCB-65FA-401D-9D93-B62EDDBFDFB2.jpeg
RHODOS - AR Drachm - Magistrat EPMIAΣ CARIAN ISLANDS.
Pseudo-Rhodian (c.175-170 B.C.),
Silver Drachm, Imitation issue minted in Thessaly.
2.48 g / 14 x 15 mm

Head of Helios facing, slightly inclined to right.
R/ EPMIAΣ , rose, with a bud on right, Z-Ω either side of stem

(SNG Keckman 793-795 (att ributed to Thessaly); Price, Kra ay-Mørkholm Essays, pp. 241-2 (attributed to Northern Greece); SNG Copenhagen Su ppl. 358 (attributed to Rhodian Peraia)).

Lightly toned, good extremely fine. Great head facing

Although the attribution of this issue has been debated, it seems likely that it was struck by Perseus to pay Cretan mercenaries, who would have been familiar with Rhodian issues, in the Third Macedonian War against the Romans (see R. Ashton, NC 1988, pp. 29-30)
paul1888
Caracalla_antoninianus.png
Caracalla, RIC 311d, Date 213-217 AD, Silver Antoninianus Rome, VENVS VICTRIX (with Helmet)
Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Caracalla
Antoninianus of the Roman Imperial Period 213/217 AD
Material: Silver
Diameter: 23mm
Weight: 5.19g
Mint: Rome
Reference: RIC IV Caracalla 311d var. (Rare, with Helmet)
Provenance: Ex Dr. Gernot Heinrich Collection

This ist the RIC 311d Version with Helmet under the shield. An fantastic Antoninianus with many details on obverse and reverse, fantastic Caracalla bust and a clear reverse Venus. Rare RIC, and more Rare in this condition.

Obverse:
You can see the right-facing bust of Caracalla with a radiant crown. The inscription reads: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM for Antoninus Pius Augustus Germanicus.

Reverse:
The goddess Venus can be seen standing to the left, leaning on a shield. In her left hand she holds a Victoriola, in her right hand a spear. Standing, she leans on her shield and helmet. The inscription reads: VENVS VICTRIX for Venus Victrix (the victorious Venus).

Comments:
In ancient Rome, Venus Victrix is ​​the form of the goddess Venus as victor or „as the one who brings victory“. Especially Pompeius Magnus celebrated his military successes in their honor. This was probably inspired by the armed Aphrodite (nikephoros carrying victory) who protected the Acropolis in certain eastern regions of ancient Greece. In Rome, the victorious Venus was mainly in the third century BC increasingly invoked in the wars against Carthage. Iulius Caesar traced the descent of his family and thus his own from Venus (Venus Genitrix). Pompey, as his adversary, identified his glorious destiny with Venus Victrix in order to claim Venus‘ protection in the secret rivalry. After his victory in the war against Mithridates in 55 BC Pompeius celebrated his triumph „de orbi universo“ (over the whole world) and had a temple built for the victorious Venus, which unfortunately has not been preserved. The sanctuary of Venus Victrix stood on the Capitol, which was probably built during the war against the Samnites. Her feast days were August 12 and October 9, with an annual sacrifice being made on the latter date. At the same time, homage was also paid to Victoria, who closely connected the Romans with Venus Victrix.

Associating this type of coin directly with a specific historical event in the reign of Caracalla is difficult. This Antoninianus is between 213 and 217 AD dated. He could therefore retrospectively refer to the victories in the Germania campaign in 213 AD relate to the battles in Dacia against the Carps in 214 AD refer to or anticipate „the-victorious“ Venus Victrix to refer to the coming eastern campaign against the Parthians.
1 commentspaul1888
457920AB-B3D9-4498-A60B-15C83FEA36DB.jpeg
Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius
Denarius of the Roman Republic Period 81 BC
Material: Silver
Diameter: 20mm
Weight: 3.84g
Mint: North Italy
Reference: Crawford RRC 374/2
paul1888
9D8B9286-9437-491D-96A0-11E446E096D0.jpeg
Roman Provincial: Markianopolis Commodus
Commodus AE25 of Markianopolis, Moesia Inferior.
AVT KAI Λ AVΡH KOMOΔOC, bare-headed draped bust right
/ MAΡKIANOΠOΛEITΩN, statuary group of the Three Graces.
AMNG 540, SNG Cop 205
25mm.,6.21g.
paul1888
CA66A498-5A4C-4235-8FBD-9F1EF588FB38.jpeg
Roman Imperial, Vespasian AD 69-79, 3.11 grams, Obverse: Bust of Vespasian; Reverse: Judaea Trophy to left1 commentspaul1888
Tribute_Penny_.jpg
Roman Empire, Tiberius AD 14-37, AR denarius 3.63 grams, Obverse: Tiberius head right, Reverse: Livia Seated right. RIC(I) - 26, RSC-16, SR(I)-1763paul1888
05FF270A-6DF7-464E-AE13-99C254012C43.jpeg
Roman Republic - P. Satrienus. Silver denarius (3,82 g., 18 mm.) Minted in Rome in 77 B.C.

Helmeted head right of young Mars, numeral behind (XXXII). /

ROMA She-wolf walking left. P•SATRIE/NVS in exergue.

Sear 319; Satriena 1; Cr. 388/1b.
paul1888
Philip_I_Sestertius_Victory.jpg
Roman Imperial, PHILIP I. 244-249 AD. Æ Sestertius (30mm, 17.26 gm). Struck late 244 AD. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / VICTORIA AVG, S C across field, Victory advancing left, holding palm and wreath. RIC IV 192a; Hunter 81; Cohen 232.
Persian war reference issue.
paul1888
Roman_Britain_Severan_Campaigns.jpg
*Alex
01358q00.jpg
INDIA, Post-Mauryan (Coromandel). Pallavas. Uncertain ruler, circa AD 400-600. AE (Bronze, 17 mm, 1.73 g, 12 h). Humped bull standing right; above, conch and crescent on wavy line; all within pelleted circle. Rev. Conch shell within decorated circle. Pieper 746 var. (pelleted circle on the reverse). Quant.Geek
IMG_3400.jpeg
Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm. ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate.
Macedonian Kingdom. Perseus. 179-168 B.C. AR drachm (15 mm, 2.60 g, 12 h). ca. 171/0 B.C. Aristokrates, magistrate. Head of Helios facing slightly right / P-O, rose with bud to left; in left field, club; above, magistrate's name: [ΑΡΙ]ΣΤΟΚΡΑΤΗΣ. R. J. H. Ashton, ""Clubs, Thunderbolts, Torches, Stars and Caducei: more Pseudo-Rhodian Drachms from Mainland Greece and the Islands,"" NC 162 (2002), 17 (A6/P5; this coin). Toned. Very fine.
Ex: TRISKELES AUCTIONS 326 ON VAUCTIONS
LOT 48, 29 Sep 2017; Ex Naville V (18 June 1923), 2669. Ex: British Museum

The Pseudo-Rhodian drachms were struck, probably by the Macedonians under Perseus but possibly by the Romans, to pay for Mercenaries from Crete and Rhodes who would have been familiar with Rhodian coinage. The coins in the name of the magistrate Aristokrates with the club symbol in the field is the largest known individual issue of pseudo-Rhodian drachms from the Third Macedonian War, and used at least twenty-nine obverse dies.
1 commentspaul1888
Roman_provincial_Gordian_III_AE24_Asklepius.jpg
Roman provincial Gordian III AE24 Asklepius
Gordian III AE19 of Deultum, Thrace.,
Obv: Gordian III right, rev: Asklepios standing front, looking left, leaning on serpent-entwined staff.
23.5mm.,7.98g.
paul1888
IMG_3510.jpeg
ROMANE IMPERIALI - Faustina II (moglie di M. Aurelio) - Denario - Busto drappeggiato e diademato a d. /R Il Pudore stante a s. C. 176; RIC A507 (AG g. 3,28) Ex asta del Titano 4, lotto 162paul1888
3420594.jpg
Roman Imperial, Lucius Verus, 161-169 Denarius circa 162, AR 18mm., 2.77g. Bare head r. Rev. Providentia standing l., holding globe and cornucopia. C 155. RIC M. Aurelius 482.
Ex CNG e-sale 342, 2015, 594. From the D. Fagan Collection, purchased from Palladium Numismatics.
paul1888
IMG_3709.jpeg
ROMAN EMPIRE: Otacilia Severa, 244-249, AE dupondius (10.33g), Rome, RIC-202d, wife of Philip I, OTACIL SEVERA AVG, diademed, draped bust right on crescent // SAECVLARES AVGG / S - C (in field), Cippus
EX: Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 28, May 18, 2017, lot 62
paul1888
IMG_3781.jpeg
ROMAN EMPIRE: Severus Alexander, AD 222-235, AR Denarius (19mm, 3.27g), Rome Mint, AD 232. Obverse: IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG; laureate and draped bust of Severus Alexander to right. Reverse: MARS VLTOR; Mars advancing right, holding spear in his right hand and shield in his left. BMC 837. Cohen 161. RIC 246. Ex: Naumann Auktion 111, 04.12.2021, lot 873.1 commentspaul1888
326003095_2470295706480439_6679959349137208138_n.jpg
Honorius AE2, Cyzicus. 392-395 AD. DN HONORIVS PF AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right / GLORIA ROMANORVM, Emperor standing facing, head right, holding globe and labarum. Mintmark SMKBAntonivs Protti
325216211_896470381494584_3999855398393770900_n.jpg
Honorius AE4. Antioch mint, 406-408 AD. DN HONORIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped bust right / GLORIA ROMANORVM, three emperors standing side by side holding spears, outermost ones rest hands on shields, the middle one holds a globe.Antonivs Protti
324940102_845617019828556_6112393111207121176_n.jpg
ROMAN REPUBLIC AE As. Janus,
OBVERSE: LAUREATE HEAD OF BEARDED JANUS; I (MARK OF VALUE) ABOVE
REVERSE: PROW OF GALLEY RIGHT; I (MARK OF VALUE) ABOVE
27 GR. 32 MM, ROMA.
CRAWFORD 56/2; SYDENHAM 143
Antonivs Protti
316524972_9043207229030059_6639924111213053552_n.jpg
Arcadius AE2. 392-395 AD. D N ARCADIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped bust right / GLORIA ROMANORVM, emperor standing facing, head right, holding standard and globeAntonivs Protti
314895563_8978325778851538_3437641362715432102_n.jpg
ARCADIUS. 383-408 AD. Nicomedia mint. AE2.
Ovb: Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. D N ARCADIVS P F AVG .
Rev: GLORIA ROMANORVM, emperor standing facing, head right, holding labarum and globe. In exergue SMNB.
RIC 46b
Antonivs Protti
Galerius_A.png
Roman Empire: Galerius as Augustus, Follis, 8.03 grams, Eastern half of Roman Empire, Praetorian Prefect of Diocletian. Obverse: Galerius facing right, IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS PF AVG; Reverse: Genius standing left, naked but for chlamys over left shoulder & modius on head, right holding patera, left cornucopiae; GENIO IMPERATORIS "To the genius of the emperor." ALE = Alexandria mint1 commentspaul1888
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ROMAN IMPERIAL ERA.
Philip II, 247 - 249.
As 248, Rome.
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG . Drap., geharn. Bust of Philip II with laurel wreath to the right.
Rev.: SAECVLARES AVGG , S - C . Cippus COS II.
RIC IV/3, p.102, 265b; C.79; Camp.76.26.
Æ; 8.39 g; St.0.
Ex: Hirsch Auction 173 (1992) No. 1183.
paul1888
IMG_4066.jpeg
Roman Republic: L. Cassius Longinus; 3.86g. Veiled vesta bust left, in front L, behind it stands Kylix//Togatus left. and throws the voting stone with V into the urn.

Bab. 10; BMC 3931; Crawf. 413/1; Syd. 935
Ex: Auktion Áureo & Calicó 314, Barcelona 2018, Nr. 2034
1 commentspaul1888
534_-_565_JUSTINIAN_I_AR_SILIQUA.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AR Siliqua or Half-Siliqua, struck 534 - 565 at CarthageObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I facing right.
Reverse: VOT / MVLT / HTI in three lines within wreath; below, CONOS.
Diameter: 16mm | Weight: 0.7gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 253 (Siliqua) | DOC: 280

On September the 15th 533 Justinian's army, led by Belisarius, entered the city of Carthage and brought it back into the Roman Empire after 98 years of Vandal rule.
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JUSTINIAN_I_HALF-SIILIQUA.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AR Siliqua or Half-Siliqua, struck 537 - 552 at CarthageObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AV. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I facing right.
Reverse: Monogram, cross above, S below, within circle, all encircled by wreath. (SBCV Monogram 3)

Diameter: 13mm | Weight: 1.17gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 254 (Siliqua) | Sommer 4.119
Scratched obverse. Not in DOC.
RARE

The monogram on the reverse of this coin was originally interpreted as being that of the Ostrogothic queen Mathasunta (cf. BMC 80, 1). However, a later re-interpretation by Wolfgang Hahn (MIB) attributed this issue as being a regular African Imperial issue of Justinian, and this is the attribution that was adopted by SBCV.

On September the 15th 533 Justinian's army, led by Belisarius, entered the city of Carthage and brought it back into the Roman Empire after 98 years of Vandal rule. In March 534 the Vandal king Gelimer surrendered to Belisarius ending the Vandal kingdom and returning the African provinces to the empire. Large numbers of captured Vandals were transported to Constantinople and in April Belisarius returned there too and was permitted by Justinian I to celebrate a triumph, the first non-imperial triumph for over 500 years.
*Alex
Argilos__470-460_BC.JPG
Time of Alexander I, AR Hemiobol, struck 470 - 460 BC at Argilos in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Forepart of Pegasos facing left.
Reverse: No legend. Quadripartite granulated incuse square.
Diameter: 8.78mm | Weight: 0.20gms | Die Axis: Uncertain
Liampi 118 | SNG - | GCV -
Rare

Argilos was a city of ancient Macedonia founded by a colony of Greeks from Andros. Although little information is known about the city until about 480 BC, the literary tradition dates the foundation to around 655/654 BC which makes Argilos the earliest Greek colony on the Thracian coast. It appears from Herodotus to have been a little to the right of the route the army of Xerxes I took during its invasion of Greece in 480 BC in the Greco-Persian Wars. Its territory must have extended as far as the right bank of the Strymona, since the mountain of Kerdylion belonged to the city.
Argilos benefited from the trading activities along the Strymona and probably also from the gold mines of the Pangeion. Ancient authors rarely mention the site, but nevertheless shed some light on the important periods of its history. In the last quarter of the 6th century BC, Argilos founded two colonies, Tragilos, in the Thracian heartland, and Kerdilion, a few kilometers to the east of the city.
Alexander I was the ruler of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from c.498 BC until his death in 454 BC. Alexander came to the throne during the era of the kingdom's vassalage to Persia, dating back to the time of his father, Amyntas I. Although Macedonia retained a broad scope of autonomy, in 492 BC it was made a fully subordinate part of the Persian Empire. Alexander I acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC. From the time of Mardonius' conquest of Macedonia, Herodotus disparagingly refers to Alexander I as “hyparchos”, meaning viceroy. However, despite his cooperation with Persia, Alexander frequently gave supplies and advice to the Greek city states, and warned them of the Persian plans before the Battle of Plataea in 479 BC. After their defeat at Plataea, when the Persian army under the command of Artabazus tried to retreat all the way back to Asia Minor, most of the 43,000 survivors of the battle were attacked and killed by the forces of Alexander at the estuary of the Strymona river.
Alexander regained Macedonian independence after the end of the Persian Wars and was given the title "philhellene" by the Athenians, a title used for Greek patriots.
After the Persian defeat, Argilos became a member of the first Athenian confederation but the foundation of Amphipolis in 437 BC, which took control of the trade along the Strymona, brought an end to this. Thucydides tells us that some Argilians took part in this foundation but that the relations between the two cities quickly deteriorated and, during the Peloponnesian war, the Argilians joined with the Spartan general Brasidas to attack Amphipolis. An inscription from the temple of Asklepios in Epidauros attests that Argilos was an independent city during the 4th century.
Like other colonies in the area, Argilos was conquered by the Macedonian king Philip II in 357 B.C. Historians believe that the city was then abandoned and, though excavations have brought to light an important agricultural settlement on the acropolis dated to the years 350-200 BC, no Roman or Byzantine ruins have been uncovered there.
1 comments*Alex
Iron_Age_Britain_Cantii_Potin~0.JPG
2nd - 1st Century BC, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Cantii, AE Potin, Minted between 100 and 30 BCObverse: No legend. Crude outline of head facing right; pellet within circle in centre.
Reverse: No legend. Crude lines representing a bull facing left, crescents above.
Flat Linear type, Class 1
Found, Thames Valley region, England
Diameter: 17mm | Weight: 1.9gms | Axis: 3h
BMC: 667-714 | SPINK: 63

The Cantii produced the first coins to be actually made in Britain.
These coins were cast in strips which were then cut into separate coins and as a result often retain characteristic cut edges from the runlets which joined them together.


THE CANTII (or Cantiaci)

The Cantii (after whom Kent and Canterbury are named) were the major tribal group in the South East region of England, bordered by the Atrebates, Regni and Catuvellauni.
This region was heavily influenced by continental cultures on the periphery of the early Roman world and this resulted in the Cantii producing the first coins actually made in Britain. These are known as “potins” and they were produced between the mid 2nd to the mid 1st century BC. The earliest versions are known as Kentish Primary, or Thurrock, types. Comparatively the later types, like those from the recently discovered Hillingdon Hoard, are of the “flat linear” type, which uses simplified and abstracted images. Similar coins from the late Iron Age have been found, but in much smaller quantities.
The word “potin” is of French origin and is used to describe these early coins which were cast in clay moulds from a copper alloy with a high tin content. They would have been shiny and silver-coloured when new, and though occasionally examples have turned up which retain this colouration, most coins by the time they get dug up have a characteristic black patina from tin oxidation. These were cast in strips which were then cut into separate coins and as a result often retain characteristic cut edges from the runlets which joined them together. The moulds themselves were made using “master” matrices of copper alloy which were cast with the design for one side of a coin in high relief and pressed into the clay. A rare example of a mould of this type was found a few miles west of the Surrey border in Hampshire.
The designs of the majority of potins found in England derive ultimately from coins produced in the Greek colonial Mediterranean city of Massalia (modern Marseilles) in southern Gaul in the late 4th century BC. These coins featured a head of Apollo on the obverse and a charging bull on the reverse. They were originally imported from the continent and later locally copied in the mid 2nd century BC, in the form of what are known as “Thurrock” types, which adhere closely to the original design. Later forms, known as “flat linear” types, greatly simplified this design into deep abstraction, ultimately reducing the head of Apollo to an outline and the bull to a trapezoidal arrangement of lines
We don’t know what these coins were called by the people who made them, or what they were worth in fiscal terms, but they are generally only found in south east England, which probably reflects the limits of the political and economic influence of the Cantii themselves. It isn't even clear what the role of these Iron Age coins actually was, though it is likely that they assisted in the maintenance of some kind of social power structure. Coins were not generally used as day to day currency by the people of Britain in the 1st and 2nd centuries BC, so apart from any monetary transactions, their range of uses probably included the storage of wealth, use as political tribute, and / or votive objects used as offerings to the gods.

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100_-_30_BC_Iron_Age_Durotriges.JPG
2nd - 1st Century BC, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Durotriges, Base AR Stater, Struck c.40 BCObverse: No legend. Abstract head of Apollo made up of pellets and lines.
Reverse: No legend. Crude disjointed horse with three tails standing facing left, large group of pellets and “coffee bean” symbol above, single pellet below.
One of a small group of coins found west of Cheriton, south east of Winchester.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 2.89gms | Axis: Unclear
Spink: 366

THE DUROTRIGES
The Durotriges were one of the Celtic tribes living in Britain prior to the Roman invasion. They were one of the groups that issued coinage before the Roman conquest. Their coins were abstract and simple and had no inscriptions, so no names of any issuers or rulers are known. Nevertheless, the Durotriges presented a settled society, based in the farming of lands surrounded by hill forts, the majority of which seem to have gone out of use by 100 BC, long before the arrival of the Romans in 43 or 44 AD. Constructed initially around 600 BC, the Durotriges ultimately occupied the largest hill fort in Britain, Maiden Castle, which encloses some 19 hectares (47 acres). Around 100 BC though, for some reason habitation at the hill fort went into decline and became concentrated at the eastern end of the site. Maiden Castle appears to have been abandoned after the Roman conquest of Britain although the Romans later built a small temple on the site.
The tribe lived in an area centred on Dorset, south Wiltshire, south Somerset and Devon east of the River Axe. Their territory was bordered to the west by the Dumnonii; and to the north east by the Belgae. The area controlled by the Durotriges is identified in part by coin finds, few Durotrigan coins are found in the south eastern tribal areas, so it would appear unlikely that they were acceptable there. A recent coin hoard found on the Isle of Wight, however, would seem to indicate that the Durotriges might have had some influence at least over the western half of the island.
The Durotriges' main outlet for trade across the Channel, strong in the first half of the 1st century BC before drying up in the decades prior to the arrival of the Romans, was at Hengistbury Head. The numismatic evidence indicates a progressive debasing of the coinage suggesting economic difficulties in conjunction with their declining trade.


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*Alex
20AD_Tasciovanos_Catuvellauni.JPG
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Catuvellauni, AE Unit, Struck c.25BC – 10CE at Verlamion (St. Albans) under TasciovanusObverse: Bearded head facing right; VER anti-clockwise in front.
Reverse: Horse with sea horse tail facing left; pellet in ring, and trefoil motif above; VER below.
Diameter: 15.2mm | Weight: 1.97gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: 243 | BMC 1714-21 | ABC 2658
RARE

CATUVELLAUNI
The Catuvellauni were an Iron Age Celtic tribe in Britain before the Roman conquest, attested by inscriptions into the 4th century. They are mentioned by Cassius Dio, who implies that they led the resistance against the conquest in 43CE. They appear as one of the “Civitates” of Roman Britain in Ptolemy's “Geography” in the 2nd century, occupying the town of Verlamion (Roman Verulamium, modern St.Albans) and the surrounding areas of Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and southern Cambridgeshire. Their territory was bordered to the north by the Iceni and Corieltauvi, to the east by the Trinovantes, to the west by the Dobunni and to the south by the Atrebates, Regni and Cantii.


TASCIOVANUS

Tasciovanus appears to have become king of the Catuvellauni around 20 BC, before the Roman conquest of Britain. Ruling from Verlamion (St.Albans), for a brief period around 15–10 BC, he issued coins from Camulodunum (Colchester), apparently supplanting Addedomarus of the Trinovantes, but it appears that following the arrival of Augustus in Gaul he withdrew and again issued his coins from Verlamion.
Tasciovanus was the first Catuvellaunian king to issue inscribed coins, bearing “VER”, mint marks for Verlamion. He was also the first to renew hostilities towards the Trinovantes, flouting the long-standing agreement between Caesar and his own grandfather Cassivellaunus.
Tasciovanus died around AD 9 and was succeeded by his son Cunobelinus, who ruled primarily from Camulodunum.

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*Alex
DOBUNNI__AR_UNIT.JPG
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Dobunni, AR Unit, uninscribed seriesObverse: Degraded Celtic “Moon Head” facing right, pellets/symbols in front.
Reverse: Celticised triple tailed horse galloping left; cross above, pellets around.
Diameter: 13.0mm | Weight: 0.67gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: 377 | ABC 2024
RARE

THE DOBUNNI
The Dobunni were one of the few Iron Age tribes which issued coins before the arrival of the Romans. Their territory covered an area that today broadly coincides with the English counties of Bristol, Gloucestershire and the north of Somerset, although at times their territory may have extended into parts of what are now Herefordshire, Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire, and Warwickshire.
Remnants of several hillforts thought to have been occupied by the Dobunni can be seen in the Bristol area at Maes Knoll, Clifton Down, Burwalls and Stokeleigh, all overlooking the Avon Gorge, as well as at Kingsweston Down and Blaise Castle.
Unlike their neighbours, such as the Silures in what later became south-east Wales, the Dobunni were not a warlike people, being primarily a large group of farmers and craftspeople living in small villages. They submitted to the Romans even before they reached their territory, and after the Roman conquest they readily adopted a Romano-British lifestyle. The Romans gave the Dobunni capital the name of Corinium Dobunnorum, which is known as Cirencester today.


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*Alex
DUBNOVELLAUNUS.JPG
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 BC – 10 CE in Camulodunum(?) in Essex under DubnovellaunusObverse: Head facing right, hair(?) lines on head divided by clear centre parting.
Reverse: Horse prancing left; complex pellets and circles above and below.
Diameter: 13.5mm | Weight: 1.61gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: -- | BMC -- | ABC 2413
VERY RARE

Very rare uninscribed bronze unit of Dubnovellaunus found in Essex. The type is designated as a “Dubnovellaunus Centre Parting” bronze unit in ABC (Ancient British Coins), and to date (January, 2023) it is unlisted in any other major reference works.

DUBNOVELLAUNUS

It is generally thought that Dubnovellaunus succeeded his father Addedomarus as king of the Trinovantes somewhere around 10-5 BC and ruled for several years before being supplanted by Cunobelinus of the Catuvellauni.
In the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, a British king called Dumnovellaunus appears, alongside Tincomarus of the Atrebates, as a supplicant to Augustus in around AD 7 and, given the chronology, it is indeed possible that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes is the same person as the Dumnovellaunus who presented himself to Augustus. The spelling variation is due to a Celtic, rather than a Latin, interpretation of the ruler's name.
It is worth mentioning that the authors of ABC (Ancient British Coins) also think that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes could possibly be the same individual as the Dumnovellaunus who ruled in Kent in the 30s - 20s BC, they suggest that he could have been a Cantian king who later gained control over the southern part of the Trinovantes and that therefore he might have ruled both territories north and south of the Thames estuary for a few years. It should be noted however, that Van Arsdell, an authority on the Celtic Coinage of Britain, emphatically disputes this.

TRINOVANTES
The Trinovantes were one of the Iron Age Celtic tribes of Pre-Roman Britain. Their territory was on the north side of the Thames estuary in the present day counties of Essex, Hertfordshire and Suffolk, and also included lands now located in Greater London. They were bordered to the north by the Iceni, and to the west by the Catuvellauni. Their capital was Camulodunum (modern Colchester).
Shortly before Julius Caesar's invasion of Britain in 55 and 54 BC, the Trinovantes were considered the most powerful tribe in Britain. At this time their capital was probably at Braughing (in modern-day Hertfordshire). In some copies of Caesar's Gallic War their king is referred to as Imanuentius, although no name is given in other copies which have come down to us. That said however, it seems that this king was overthrown by Cassivellaunus, king of the Catuvellauni, some time before Caesar's second expedition and that Imanuentius' son, Mandubracius, fled to the protection of Caesar in Gaul. During his second expedition Caesar defeated Cassivellaunus and restored Mandubracius to the kingship. Cassivellaunus agreed to pay tribute and also undertook not to attack him again.
The next identifiable king of the Trinovantes, known from numismatic evidence, was Addedomarus, who took power around 20 – 15 BCE, and moved the tribe's capital to Camulodunum. For a brief period, around 10 BCE, Tasciovanus of the Catuvellauni issued coins from Camulodunum, suggesting that he must have conquered the Trinovantes, but he was soon forced to withdraw, perhaps as a result of pressure from the Romans. Addedomarus was restored and Tasciovanus' later coins no longer bear the mark “REX”. Addedomarus was briefly succeeded by his son Dubnovellaunus, around 10 to 5 BCE, but a few years later the tribe was conquered by either Tasciovanus or his son Cunobelinus.
The Trinovantes do not appear in history again until their participation in Boudica's revolt against the Romans in 60 CE. After that though they seem to have embraced the Romanisation of Britain and their name was later given to one of the “civitates” of Roman Britain, whose chief town was Caesaromagus (modern Chelmsford in Essex).

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Cunobelinus.JPG
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribes: Catuvellauni and Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 - 40 at Verlamion under CunobelinusObverse: CVNO - BELIN. Bare head facing left.
Reverse: TASCIO. Metal worker, wielding hammer, seated facing right.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 2.24gms | Axis: 3h
Spink: 342 | ABC: 2969 | Van Arsdell 2097

CUNOBELINUS
Cunobelinus was a king in Iron Age Britain from about 9 CE until about 40 CE. He is mentioned by the Roman historians Suetonius and Dio Cassius, and many coins bearing his inscription have been found. Cunobelinus controlled a substantial portion of south-eastern Britain, including the territories of the Catuvellauni and the Trinovantes, and is called “Britannorum rex" (King of the Britons) by Suetonius. He appears to have been recognized by the Roman emperor Augustus as a client king, shown by the use of the Latin title Rex on some of his coins.
Numismatic evidence appears to indicate that Cunobelinus took power around AD 9 after the death of his father Tasciovanus, minting coins from both Camulodunum, capital of the Trinovantes and Verlamion (Roman Verulamium), capital of the Catuvellauni. Some of the Verulamium coins name him as the son of Tasciovanus, a previous king of the Catuvellauni. Cunobelinus' earliest issues are, however, from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first, and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. It is possible that he was emboldened to act against the Trinovantes, whose independence was protected by a treaty they made with Julius Caesar in 54 BC, because problems in Germania severely affected Augustus' ability to defend allies in Britain.
Cunobelinus, however, appears to have maintained quite good relations with the Roman Empire, he used classical motifs on his coins and his reign also saw an increase in trade with the continent. Archaeological evidence shows an increase in imported luxury goods, including wine and drinking vessels from Italy, olive oil and “garum” (fish sauce) from Spain, as well as glassware, jewellery, and tableware from the wider continent, all of which, from their distribution, appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum. Rome's lucrative trade with Britain was also reported by Strabo, according to him the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves and hunting dogs. It seems likely that Cunobelinus was one of the British kings, mentioned by Strabo, who sent embassies to Augustus.
Cunobelinus died about 40, probably within a year of that date, as he was certainly dead by 43.
Traditionally it has been suggested that the “Lexden Tumulus” on the outskirts of Colchester was Cunobelinus' tomb, but without evidence confirming that, it is also possible that the tomb was built for the earlier Trinovantian king, Addedomarus. Interestingly there is a second tumulus, though this one is not so well known, 665m to the northwest of the Lexden burial mound, on a grassy area in the middle of a modern housing estate. This tumulus, known as ‘The Mount’, probably dates from around the same time as the well-known one at Fitzwalter Road, Lexden.


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1 comments*Alex
altar1s.jpg
Constantine the Great, RIC VII 73 Siscia, 319 CEObverse: IMP CONSTANTINVS PF AVG, laureate helmet & cuirassed.
Reverse:VICTORIAE LAETAE PRINC PERP [ Joyous victory to the eternal
Prince] two Victories standing, facing one another, together holding shield
inscribed VOT PR [VOTA POPULI ROMANI (vows of the Roman people)]on altar.
gamma SIS dot in ex. RIC VII Siscia 73, 18.9 mm 2.6 g. rare
NORMAN K
529_-_533_JUSTINIAN_I_Follis_Antioch.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AE Follis (40 Nummi), struck 529 - 533 at Antioch (Theoupolis)Obverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Justinian enthroned facing, holding long sceptre in his right hand and globus cruciger in his left.
Reverse: Large M, cross above and officina letter (Δ = 4th Officina) below, asterisk in field to left of M and outward facing crescent in field to right; in exergue, +THEUP
Diameter: 34mm | Weight: 18.69gms | Die Axis: 5
SBCV: 214 | DOC: 206d.1

Much of Antioch was destroyed by a great earthquake on 29th November 528 and, following this disaster, the city was renamed Theoupolis.

530: In the spring of this year Belisarius and Hermogenes (magister officiorum) defeated a combined Persian-Arab army of 50,000 men at the Battle of Dara in modern Turkey, and in the summer a Byzantine cavalry force under the command of Sittas defeated a major Persian invasion into Roman Armenia at the Battle of Satala.
531: On April 19th, at the Battle of Callinicum, a Byzantine army commanded by Belisarius, was defeated by the Persians at Raqqa in northern Syria. Nevertheless, Justinian negotiated an end to the hostilities and Belisarius was hailed as a hero.
532: On January 11th this year anger among the supporters of the most important chariot teams in Constantinople, the Blues and the Greens, escalated into violence towards the emperor. For the next five days the city was in chaos and the fires that started during the rioting resulted in the destruction of much of the city. This insurrection, known as the Nika riots, was put down a week later by Belisarius and Mundus resulting in 30,000 people being killed in the Hippodrome.
On February 23rd Justinian ordered the building of a new Christian basilica in Constantinople, the Hagia Sophia. More than 10,000 people were employed in the construction using material brought from all over the empire.

2 comments*Alex
528-529_JUSTINIAN_I_AE_Half-Follis_ANTIOCH.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AE Half-Follis (20 Nummi), struck 527 – 528 at AntiochObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust of Justinian I facing right.
Reverse: Large K, Large latin cross to left dividing letters A–N / T–X; officina letter to right of K (Γ = third officina).
Diameter: 28mm | Weight: 5.8gms | Die Axis: 12
SBCV: 224a | Not in DOC
Rare

This coin was struck prior to Antioch being renamed Theoupolis following the great earthquake that virtually destroyed the city on 29th November 528.

527: One of Justinian's first acts as sole emperor was to reorganise the command structure of the Byzantine army. He appointed Belisarius to command the Eastern army in Armenia and on the Byzantine-Persian frontier.
528: In February of this year Justinian appointed a commission to codify all the laws of the Roman Empire that were still in force from Hadrian to the current date. This Code of Civil Laws came to be called the Codex Justinianus.
On November 29th a great earthquake struck Antioch, killing thousands and destroying much of the city including the Domus Aurea (Great Church) built by Constantine the Great.
*Alex
529_-_533_JUSTINIAN_I_Half-Follis.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AE Half-Follis (20 Nummi), struck 529 – 533 at Antioch (Theoupolis)Obverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Justinian I enthroned facing, holding long sceptre in his right hand and globus cruciger in his left.
Reverse: Large K, Large latin cross to left dividing letters T–H/Є–U/O/P; officina letter to right of K (Δ = fourth officina).
Diameter: 28mm | Weight: 8.4gms | Die Axis: 11
SBCV: 225 | DOC: 208.6
Rare

Much of Antioch was destroyed by a great earthquake on 29th November 528 and, following this disaster, the city was renamed Theoupolis.

530: In the spring of this year Belisarius and Hermogenes (magister officiorum) defeated a combined Persian-Arab army of 50,000 men at the Battle of Dara in modern Turkey, and in the summer a Byzantine cavalry force under the command of Sittas defeated a major Persian invasion into Roman Armenia at the Battle of Satala.
531: On April 19th, at the Battle of Callinicum, a Byzantine army commanded by Belisarius, was defeated by the Persians at Raqqa in northern Syria. Nevertheless, Justinian negotiated an end to the hostilities and Belisarius was hailed as a hero.
532: On January 11th this year anger among the supporters of the most important chariot teams in Constantinople, the Blues and the Greens, escalated into violence towards the emperor. For the next five days the city was in chaos and the fires that started during the rioting resulted in the destruction of much of the city. This insurrection, known as the Nika riots, was put down a week later by Belisarius and Mundus resulting in 30,000 people being killed in the Hippodrome.
On February 23rd Justinian ordered the building of a new Christian basilica in Constantinople, the Hagia Sophia. More than 10,000 people were employed in the construction using material brought from all over the empire.

1 comments*Alex
rjb_01_07_09.jpg
"Boulogne" (VI) 14bMaximianus I 286-305 AD
AE Follis
Obv: IMP C MAXIMIANVS PF AVG
Laureate bust right
Rev: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left
-/-//-
Uncertain continental mint (Boulogne?) operating around the time of the British invasion
RIC (VI) Lyon 14b
mauseus
rjb_fol4_01_09.jpg
"Boulogne" (VI) 17aConstantius I as Caesar 293-305 AD
AE Follis
Obv: FL VAL CONSTANTIVS NOB C
Laureate bust right
Rev: GENIO POPVLI ROMANI
Genius standing left
-/-//-
Uncertain continental mint (Boulogne?) operating around the time of the British invasion
RIC (VI) Lyon 17a
mauseus
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