Classical Numismatics Discussion Members' Coin Collection Photo Gallery

Image search results - "REGIA"

01.3.01. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.01., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #0101.3.01. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.01., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX• (+ STEPNANVS•REX•, "N" instead of "H" !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,5-18,0 mm, weight: 0,95 g, axis: h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.01.,
Q-001quadrans

01.3.02var. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.02var., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #0101.3.02var. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.02var., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX•, the first dot not behind the S but over the S interesting new legend variation !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 16,0-16,5 mm, weight: 0,70 g, axis: 2h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.02var.,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

01.3.03. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #0101.3.03. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX• (The first S are retrograde !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue:-/-//--, diameter: 17,5 mm, weight: 0,73 g, axis: 5 h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.03.,
Q-001quadrans

01.3.03./01.3.28. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03./01.3.28., rev.:01.3.28., H-001, U-001, CNH I.-001, + REGIA CIVITAS (retrograde legend !), Rare variant! #0101.3.03./01.3.28. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03./01.3.28., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITAS (retrograde legend !), Rare variant! #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX•(The first S are retrograde !), Cross within the pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (retrograde legend !), Cross within the pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.(01.3.28.)
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,5-18,0 mm, weight: 0,69 g, axis: 10h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: av.:01.3.03./01.3.28.,
Q-001quadrans

01.3.10. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.10., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #0101.3.10. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.10., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITVS, #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX• ("lying S-s" instead of "S" !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue:-/-//--, diameter: 16,5 mm, weight: 0,79 g, axis: 3h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.10.,
Q-001quadrans

01.3.10./01.3.20. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. + REGIA CIVITVS, 01.3.10./01.3.20., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001,#0101.3.10./01.3.20. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. + REGIA CIVITVS, 01.3.10./01.3.20., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001,#01
avers: + STEPHANVS•-REX• ("lying S-s" instead of "S" !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, retrograde "E" and "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.(01.3.20.)
exergue:-/-//--, diameter: 15,5 mm, weight: 0,67 g, axis: 1h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: av.:01.3.10./01.3.20.,
Q-001quadrans

01.3.18. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.18., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITAS, Rare variant! #0101.3.18. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.18., H-001, CNH I.-001, U-001, + REGIA CIVITAS, Rare variant! #01
avers: + STEPHANVVS•REX• ("lying S-s" instead of "S" !, STEPHANVVS instead of STEPHANVS, double V legends error!), Cross within the pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross. (double strike)
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within the pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exrgue:-/-//--, diameter: 16,0 mm, weight: 0,75 g, axis: 10h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, CNH I.-001, Unger-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.18.,
Q-0012 commentsquadrans

027 BC-14 AD - AUGUSTUS AR denarius - struck by P. Licinius Stolo, moneyer (17 BC)obv: AVGVSTVS TR POT (Augustus, laureate, wearing cloak and short tunic, on horseback riding right, holding patera in right hand - banker's mark)
rev: P STOLO III VIR (Salii or priest of Mars's cap (same than apex flaminis) between two studded oval shields (ancilia)).
ref: RIC I 344 (R3); BMCRE 76; RSC 439 (80frcs)
mint: Rome
3.53gms,18-19mm
Extremely rare

History: The Ludi Saeculares were spread over a period of three days (from May 31 to June 3), and Augustus celebrated them to inaugurate the beginning of a new age. On the reverse of this coin the ancilias (sacred shields) symbolised the music at festivals. The "jumping priests" or Salii marched to the Regia, where was the shrine of Mars, in which the ancilia (the sacred shield, and its 11 copies) of Mars were stored. The Salii wearing apex, taking the bronze Ancilia, and danced through the streets carrying poles with the shields mounted on them in their left hands. With their other hand, they banged the shields with a drumstick.3 commentsberserker

04.1.2. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.2., H 008, CNH I. 011, U 004, #0104.1.2. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.2., H 008, CNH I. 011, U 004, #01
avers: +• REX•ANDREAS•, Cross within the dotted circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA-CIVITAS, Cross within the circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,0mm, weight: 0,69g, axis: 3h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár 008, CNH I. 011, Unger 004,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 04.1.2.,
Q-0011 commentsquadrans

04.1.2. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.2., H 008, CNH I. 011, U 004, #0204.1.2. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.2., H 008, CNH I. 011, U 004, #02
avers: +• REX•ANDREAS•, Cross within the dotted circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA-CIVITAS, Cross within the circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 16,5-17,2mm, weight: 0,42g, axis: 11h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár 008, CNH I. 011, Unger 004,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 04.1.2.,
Q-002quadrans

04.1.?. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.?., H-008, U-004, CNH I.-011,04.1.?. András I., (Andreas I.), King of Hungary, (1047-1060 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 04.1.?., H-008, U-004, CNH I.-011,
avers: + REX•ANDREAS, Cross within a dotted circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA-CIVITAS, Cross within a circle, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,3mm, weight: 0,61 g, axis: 2h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-008, Unger-004, CNH I.-011,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 04.1.?., New subtype/sigla variation!,
Q-001quadrans

1558 - 1603, ELIZABETH I, AR Sixpence struck in 1594 at London, EnglandObverse: ELIZAB•D•G•ANG•FR•ET•HIB•REGI• Crowned bust of Elizabeth I of England facing left. Tudor rose behind bust and mintmark (woolpack) in legend above.
Reverse: POSVI DEV:ADIVTOREM:MEV: Square topped shield, bearing the arms of England and France, quartered by long cross fourchee; 1594 above; mintmark (woolpack) in legend above.
Diameter: 26mm | Weight: 2.5gms | Die Axis: 2h
SPINK: 2578A

CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO ENLARGE IT

1 comments*Alex

1775. Coronation of Louis XVI at RheimsObv. Crowned bust of Louis XVI LUDOVICUS XVI REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. King kneeling at altar, an angel anointing his head DEO CONSECRATORI, exergue UNCTIO REGIA REMIS XL JUN MDCCLXXV
Signed B DUVIVIER F

AR42.

Louis XVI succeeded his grandfather Louis XV to the throne of France in 1774 and his coronation ceremony took place in Rheims the following year.1 commentsLordBest

1778. Louis XVI Port Commemorative .Obv. Draped bust right LUD XVI REX CHRISTIANISS
Rev. Text PIETAS REGIA AEDE AD MARLIACI PORTUM STRUCTA MDCCLXXVIII

Commemorates the construction/expansion of a port.LordBest

Divo 006. 1643, 19 Mai, La Bataille de Rocroi.Obv. Head of Louis XIV right. LUDOVICUS XIIII REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Victoria enthroned on a mass of arms and standards, holding wreath and palm branch VICTORIA PRIMIGENIA, in ex, AD RUPEM REGIAM DIE V IMPER MDCXLIII.

Skillfully holed, possibly soon after issue.

The Battle of Rocroi was of immense historical importance. A large, veteran Spanish army was defeated by a smaller French force, the first time the Spanish had suffered a significant defeat in over a century. The loss was almost unthinkable, and it was not only a great propaganda victory for the French, it signalled the end of over a century of Spanish military supremacy and ultimately, the decline and end of the Spanish empire itself.
While the Spanish were able to pursue the war with some success after Rocroi, the loss of much of their elite army, andthe vast expense drained the Spanish economy and they were unable to defeat the simultaneous Portuguese rebellion.LordBest

Divo 088. 1666, Establissement de l'Academie des Sciences.Obv. Bust right LUDOVICUS XIIII REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS
Rev. Allergorical figure seated left, holding sceptre and resting arm on shield amidst various objects. NATURAE INVESTIGANDAE ET PERFIC ARTLE REGIA SCIENTIARUM ACADEMIA INST MDCLXVI1 commentsLordBest

Hungary. (Saint) István/Stephen I (Grand Prince 997-1000; King 1000-1038; canonized in 1083). Huszár 1; Tóth-Kiss 1.3 legend variation 1; Unger 1; Réthy I 1; Frynas H.1.2; Lengyel 1/1; Adamovszky A2; Csákvári p. 30; Kovács pp. 33-35Hungary. (Saint) István/Stephen I (Grand Prince 997-1000; King 1000-1038; canonized in 1083)

AR denomination unknown (per Huszár and Adamovszky) or denár (per Tóth-Kiss, Unger, Frynas, Lengyel, Kovács, Csákvári and Gyöngyössy) (average .76 g, 15-19 mm.); .84 g., 18.04 mm. max., 0°

Obv: + STEPHANVS REX, cross within pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.

Rev: + REGIA CIVITAS, cross within pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.

Struck at Esztergom, and issued continuously, probably for decades (per Tóth-Kiss), beginning ca. 1020 (per Gyöngyössy), or 1018-1038 (per Jonsson). According to Jonsson, this type was struck according to two weight standards; a "heavy denar" (average weight 1.24 g.) and "light denar" (average weight .80 g.), with different issuance dates. However, no catalog differentiates the type by weight. It would appear that Jonsson's "light denar" corresponds to this type (which has an average weight of .78 g.) and that his "heavy denar" corresponds to the similar Huszár 4; Tóth-Kiss 1.7, Réthy I 7 (which has an average weight of 1.24 g).

Faintich speculates that the wedges on this coin are cometary symbols that may represent the comet of 975 (the year of Stephen's birth).

Huszár rarity 9, Toth-Kiss rarity 200, Unger rarity 65, Frynas rarity N.

Note: “[T]he half denars or obols of the Bavarian princes, coined at Regensburg, have been identified as the direct models for the first Hungarian coins. . . Yet the design of the Hungarian coin refrained from a servile imitation of the Bavarian model, partly by omitting to copy the representation of the Carlovingian [sic] church from the reverse of the Bavarian obols, partly by showing independent taste in shaping the cross, and applying the linear Greek cross. Finally the capital letter types of the legend on Bavarian coins completely differ from the peculiar characters to be seen on the first Hungarian coins, which are engraved with unusual forms actually reminiscent of runic marks” (Huszár 1963, 6-7).1 commentsStkp

Hungary. András/Andreas I (1047-1060). Huszár 8; Tóth-Kiss 4.1 legend variation 1; Unger 4; Réthy I 11; Frynas H.4.1; Lengyel 4/2; Adamovszky A12; Kovács pp.100-101Hungary. András/Andreas I (1047-1060).

AR denomination unknown (per Huszár and Adamovszky) or denár (per Tóth-Kiss, Unger, Frynas, Lengyel, Kovács and Gyöngyössy) (average .58 g, 17.5-18 mm.); .53 g., 17.51 mm. max., 0°

Obv: + • REX • ANDREAS, Cross with wedges

Rev: + REGIA CIVITAS, Cross with wedges (retrograde gamma instead of G)

Struck 1046-1050 (per Gyöngyössy, whose dating has not been accepted by later catalogers and appears to be speculative) in Esztergom.

Huszár rating 9, Toth-Kiss rarity 100, Unger rarity 60, Frynas rarity N.Stkp

Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270). Huszár 306; Toth-Kiss 22.18.1.1 sigla 0.1/1; Unger 228 var.; Réthy I 241 var.; Frynas 18/16; Lengyel 18/37; Adamovszky 369; Rengjeo 42 var.; Mimica 42 var.; Dimnick-Dobrinić 5.1.3 var.Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270)

AR denár (average .48 g., 12.4 mm.); .51 g., 12.0 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Castle bastion above crescent, lilies to left and right.

Rev: Hebrew letter ×—/het in a floral wreath.

The Hebrew letter ×—/het is probably the mark of Henok, per Rádóczy and Nagy. Henok was enobled as a kammergraf by Béla IV in 1250. The source document refers to “Henel Judeus comes camerae regiae” (= “The Jewish Henel count of the royal chambers [treasury]”). He died indebted to the crown in 1265.

According to Gyöngyössy the type was issued after the Mongol invasion of 1241/1242.

The coins of Béla IV were issued with an average fineness of .800 and “later” .900, per Huszár at 11.

Rengjeo, Mimica and Dimnick-DobriniÄ‡ refer to this emission as a Croatian Freisacher issued in Slavonia under András II (1205-1235) and Dukes Béla (1220-1226; governor of Dalmatia and Croatia) and Kálmán/Coloman (1226-1235; duke of Dalmatia and Croatia) (Group V). This attribution was initially made by Hóman in 1920, who tentatively assigned this emission to a Zagreb mint. However, the basis of this attribution has been proven to be erroneous, and the consensus among Hungarian numismatists is that the emission is Hungarian (per Metcalf [1979] at 156).

Huszár rarity 6, Toth-Kiss rarity 30, Unger value 20 DM, Frynas value NStkp

Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270). Huszár 307; Toth-Kiss 22.22.1.1 sigla 0.1/1; Unger 229; Réthy I 242; Frynas 18/17; Lengyel 18/41; Adamovszky 368; Rengjeo 43; Mimica 43; Dimnick-Dobrinić 5.2.1Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270)

AR obulus (average .25 g., 10.0-10.5 mm.); .14 g., 9.22 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Castle bastion above crescent, lilies to left and right.

Rev: Hebrew letter ×—/het in a floral wreath.

The Hebrew letter ×—/Het is probably the mark of Henok, per Rádóczy and Nagy. Henok was enobled as a kammergraf by Béla IV in 1250. The source document refers to “Henel Judeus comes camerae regiae” (= “The Jewish Henel count of the royal chambers [treasury]”). He died indebted to the crown in 1265.

According to Gyöngyössy the type was issued after the Mongol invasion of 1241/1242.

The coins of Béla IV were issued with an average fineness of .800 and “later” .900, per Huszár at 11.

Rengjeo, Mimica and Dimnick-DobriniÄ‡ refer to this emission as a Croatian Freisacher issued in Slavonia under András II (1205-1235) and Dukes Béla (1220-1226; governor of Dalmatia and Croatia) and Kálmán/Coloman (1226-1235; duke of Dalmatia and Croatia) (Group V). This attribution was initially made by Hóman in 1920, who tentatively assigned this emission to a Zagreb mint. However, the basis of this attribution has been proven to be erroneous, and the consensus among Hungarian numismatists is that the emission is Hungarian (per Metcalf [1979] at 156).

Huszár rarity 8, Toth-Kiss rarity 25, Unger value 30 DM, Frynas value NStkp

Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270). Huszár 313, Toth-Kiss 22.39.1.1, Unger 235, Réthy I 246, Frynas H.18.23, Lengyel 18/48, Adamovszky A377Hungary. Béla IV (1235-1270)

AR denár (average .50 g., 12.1 mm.); .49 g. 12.04 mm. max., 270°

Obv: + REX • BELA • ×—/het •, Crowned bust facing front.

Rev: Eagle with spread wings.

The presence of the symbol on the obverse is not noted in Réthy and Frynas, and is described as a retrograde letter K in Huszár, Adamovszky and Gyöngyössy. It was identified as the Hebrew letter ×—/het by Rádóczy and Nagy, and is probably the mark of Henok. Henok was enobled as a kammergraf by Béla IV in 1250. The source document refers to “Henel Judeus comes camerae regiae” (= “The Jewish Henel count of the royal chambers [treasury]”). He died indebted to the crown in 1265. The symbol is identified as the Hebrew letter ×¦/tsadi by Toth-Kiss and as the letter ×ž/mem by Lengyel. However, neither of those letters can be associated with a known moneyer or mint, and the identification of the letter as a ×—/het is most likely.

According to Gyöngyössy the type was issued after the Mongol invasion of 1241/1242.

The coins of Béla IV were issued with an average fineness of .800 and “later” .900, per Huszár at 11.

Huszár rarity 5, Toth-Kiss rarity 25, Unger value 16 DM, Frynas rarity NStkp

Hungary. Károly Róbert/Charles Robert (1307-1342). Huszár 467, Pohl 24, Unger 370, Réthy II 27, Frynas 24.23, Lengyel 24/24/1, Toth 1.23.1.1Hungary. Károly Róbert/Charles Robert (1307-1342).

AR denár per Frynas, Lengyel and Toth; denár or obulus per Réthy; or parvus Huszár and Pohl; .23 g., 11.44 mm. max., 0°

Obv: Crowned bust facing, R-K flanking

Rev: Eagle with outstretched wings facing left, Crowned A (for Alba Regia = Székesfehérvar) beneath and to left.

Issued in 1308-1322 per Lengyel or in 1327 per Pohl, Huszár, Unger and Frynas in Székesfehérvar per Pohl (although Lengyel does not assign a mint city).

This emission was referred to in the sources as a Stuhlweißenburg kleingeld (small coin of Székesfehérvar).

Huszár/Pohl rarity 9, Unger value 75 DM, Frynas rarity SStkp

Hungary. Károly Róbert/Charles Robert (1307-1342). Huszár 497 var., Pohl 54-5, Unger 394b, Réthy II 15, Frynas 24.47, Lengyel 24/69/2, Toth 1.68.1.2 var.Hungary. Károly Róbert/Charles Robert (1307-1342)

AR denár (nominally 0.6978 g.); .69 g., 14.15 mm. max, 270°

Obv: King enthroned with scepter and imperial orb.

Rev: + […] m[ • REG]IS • hVnGARIE, Ostrich-head on horseshoe, A in lower left field.
.
Issued in 1338-1342 per Lengyel or in 1339-1342 per Huszár, Pohl, Unger, Frynas and Gyöngyössy, in Székesfehérvar/Alba Regia in Latin, per Pohl.

Huszár/Pohl rarity 4, Unger value 18 DM, Frynas rarity N. According to Frynas and Lengyel, there are pellets between the cross and the m and also between the S and the h. According to Toth there is no pellet between the S and the h and the photo does not confirm or negate the presence of that pellet. According to Réthy and Unger there is no pellet between the cross and the m. According to Huszár there is no pellet between the S and the h, but the photo in Huszár/Pohl is not clear enough to confirm or negate the presence of that pellet. As much of the legend is off the flan, the presence or absence of a pellet between the cross and the m cannot be discerned on this coin.
Stkp

Huszár 569, Pohl 114-2, Unger 443b, Réthy II 116, Frynas H.26.4Hungary. Maria/Mária (1382-1387 solo reign; 1387-1395 with husband Sigismund/Zsigmond of Luxembourg)

AR denar, .53 g., 15.33 mm. max., 270°

Obv: + mARIE D G R VGARI [antiqua-style letters A without interior bar], Open crown with antiqua-style letter A without interior bar, below

Rev: + m ... ARIE R V [antiqua-style letter A], Patriarchal cross, pellet below

As both sides carry a titular legend, there is no consensus regarding obverse and reverse. The fullest legend on the side identified by Huszár and Pohl as the obverse (the side with the crown) is + mARIE D G R VnGARIE (although most coins are missing at least the first G). The fullest legend on the side identified by Unger, Réthy, Frynas and Gyöngyössy as the obverse (the side with the patriarchal cross) is + mOnETA mARIE R V. Since the letters R V are so often omitted from the cross side, Toma accepts the crown side as the obverse.

The type was struck in 1384-1395 (per Huszár, with Unger and Frynas agreeing that it incepted in 1384) or in 1385-1395 (per Pohl), and is traditionally viewed as the last of three denarii struck by Maria. More recently, it has been viewed as the second type struck by her (after Huszár 565 and before Huszár 566), in 1383-1385 (per Gyöngyössi and Toma). This coin, with an antiqua-style letter A without interior bar privy mark below the crown, was struck in Székesfehérvár/Alba Regia in 1386-1395 (per Pohl).

Toma notes fifteen legend variations among 45 coins of this type within the Cluj-MÄƒnÄƒÅŸtur Hoard, found in Cluj-Napoca, Romania (formerly, Kolozsvár, Hungary), in 1934. They differ mainly in terms of completeness of legends, spelling of the queen's name, presence of pellets, and the styles of the letter A. Toma lists seven variations among seventeen coins with this privy mark (Pohl 114-2). The obverse legend is not recorded by Toma.

Toma further notes four versions of the crown and four versions of the patriarchal cross. There are six obverse/reverse design combinations appearing among 41 coins in the hoard, three of which occur among fifteen coins with this privy mark (Pohl 114-2). The design combination on this coin appears to be Toma B/c (crown B is linked only with crosses b and c; cross c is linked only with crown B).

Huszár/Pohl rarity 5, Frynas rarity C. The legend combination described/depicted in Huszár and Pohl; in Unger and Réthy, and in Frynas, all differ.1 commentsStkp

Huszár 569, Pohl 114-2, Unger 443b, Réthy II 116, Frynas H.26.4Hungary. Maria/Mária (1382-1387 solo reign; 1387-1395 with husband Sigismund/Zsigmond of Luxembourg)

AR denar, .50 g., 14.59 mm. max., 180°.

Obv: [+] mARIA • R • VnGARI [antiqua-style letters A without interior bar], crown with antiqua-style letter A without interior bar, below.

Rev: + mOnET... RIA [antiqua-style letters A], Patriarchal cross.

As both sides carry a titular legend, there is no consensus regarding obverse and reverse. The fullest legend on the side identified by Huszár and Pohl as the obverse (the side with the crown) is + mARIE D G R VnGARIE (although most coins are missing at least the first G). The fullest legend on the side identified by Unger, Réthy, Frynas and Gyöngyössy as the obverse (the side with the patriarchal cross) is + mOnETA mARIE R V. Since the letters R V are so often omitted from the cross side, Toma accepts the crown side as the obverse.

The type was struck in 1384-1395 (per Huszár, with Unger and Frynas agreeing that it incepted in 1384) or in 1385-1395 (per Pohl), and is traditionally viewed as the last of three denarii struck by Maria. More recently, it has been viewed as the second type struck by her (after Huszár 565 and before Huszár 566), in 1383-1385 (per Gyöngyössi and Toma). This coin, with an antiqua-style letter A without interior bar privy mark below the crown, was struck in Székesfehérvár/Alba Regia in 1386-1395 (per Pohl).

Toma notes fifteen legend variations among 45 coins of this type within the Cluj-MÄƒnÄƒÅŸtur Hoard, found in Cluj-Napoca, Romania (formerly, Kolozsvár, Hungary), in 1934. They differ mainly in terms of completeness of legends, spelling of the queen's name, presence of pellets, and the styles of the letter A. Toma lists seven variations among seventeen coins with this privy mark (Pohl 112-2). The legend combination on this coin appears to be Toma 5.

Toma further notes four versions of the crown and four versions of the patriarchal cross. There are six obverse/reverse design combinations appearing among 41 coins in the hoard, three of which occur among fifteen identified coins with this privy mark (Pohl 114-2). The design combination on this coin appears to be Toma B/b (crown B is linked only with crosses b and c; cross b is linked only with crowns A and B).

Huszár/Pohl rarity 5, Frynas rarity C. The legend combination described/depicted in Huszár and Pohl; in Unger and Réthy, and in Frynas, all differ.1 commentsStkp

Huszár 569, Pohl 114-3, Unger 443c, Réthy II 116, Frynas H.26.4Hungary. Maria/Mária (1382-1387 solo reign; 1387-1395 with husband Sigismund/Zsigmond of Luxembourg)

AR denar, .49 g., 15.12 mm. max., 0°

Obv: + mARIE • R • VnGARIE [antiqua-style letters A without interior bar], crown with interior cross hatching. A with an interior crossbar below.

Rev: + mOnETA • mARIA [antiqua-style letters A without interior bar], Patriarchal.

As both sides carry a titular legend, there is no consensus regarding obverse and reverse. The fullest legend on the side identified by Huszár and Pohl as the obverse (the side with the crown) is + mARIE D G R VnGARIE (although most coins are missing at least the first G). The fullest legend on the side identified by Unger, Réthy, Frynas and Gyöngyössy as the obverse (the side with the patriarchal cross) is + mOnETA mARIE R V. Since the letters R V are so often omitted from the cross side, Toma accepts the crown side as the obverse.

The type was struck in 1384-1395 (per Huszár, with Unger and Frynas agreeing that it incepted in 1384) or in 1385-1395 (per Pohl), and is traditionally viewed as the last of three denarii struck by Maria. More recently, it has been viewed as the second type struck by her (after Huszár 565 and before Huszár 566), in 1383-1385 (per Gyöngyössi and Toma). This coin, with an antiqua-style letter A with interior bar privy mark below the crown, was struck in Székesfehérvár/Alba Regia in 1386-1395 (per Pohl).

Toma notes fifteen legend variations among 45 coins of this type within the Cluj-MÄƒnÄƒÅŸtur Hoard, found in Cluj-Napoca, Romania (formerly, Kolozsvár, Hungary), in 1934. They differ mainly in terms of completeness of legends, spelling of the queen's name, presence of pellets, and the styles of the letter A. Toma lists just one coin with the A with interior bar privy mark (Pohl 114-3). The legend combination on this coin is not recorded by Toma.
Toma further notes four versions of the crown and four versions of the patriarchal cross. There are six obverse/reverse design combinations appearing among 41 coins in the hoard, one of which occurs among two identified coins without a privy mark (Pohl 114-1). The design combination on this coin appears to be Toma A/b (crown A is linked only with crosses a and b; cross b is linked only with crowns A and B).

Huszár/Pohl rarity 5, Frynas rarity C. The legend combination described/depicted in Huszár and Pohl; in Unger and Réthy, and in Frynas, all differ.1 commentsStkp

Italy, Rome, Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, with the church of San Lorenzo in Miranda, view from Palatine Hill, May 2005.Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, with the church of San Lorenzo in Miranda, view from Palatine Hill, May 2005. The Temple of Antoninus and Faustina is an ancient Roman temple in Rome, adapted as a Roman Catholic church, Chiesa di San Lorenzo in Miranda. It is in the Forum Romanum, on the Via Sacra, opposite the Regia. The temple was begun by Antoninus Pius in 141 and was initially dedicated to his deceased and deified wife, Faustina the Elder. When Antoninus Pius was deified after his death in 161 AD, the temple was re-dedicated jointly to Antoninus and Faustina at the instigation of his successor, Marcus Aurelius. The ten monolithic Corinthian columns of its pronaos are 17 metres high. The rich bas-reliefs of the frieze under the cornice, of garlanded griffons and candelabri, were often copied from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Antoninus_and_Faustina Photograph released to the public domain. 1 commentsJoe Sermarini

Italy, Rome, Temple of Vesta in the Forum Romanum.Temple of Vesta in the Forum Romanum in Rome. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Vesta. All temples to Vesta were round, and had entrances facing east to symbolize connection between Vesta’s fire and the sun as sources of life. The Temple of Vesta represents the site of ancient cult activity as far back as 7th century BCE. Numa Pompilius is believed to have built this temple along with the original Regia and House of the Vestal Virgins in its original form. Around the Temple stood The Sacred Grove, in which also there was a graveyard for the priests and virgins. It was one of the earliest structures located in the Roman Forum although its present reincarnation is the result of subsequent rebuilding. Instead of a cult statue in the cella there was a hearth which held the sacred flame. The temple was the storehouse for the legal wills and documents of Roman Senators and cult objects such as the Palladium. The Palladium was a statue of Athena (Roman Minerva) believed to have been brought by Aeneas from Troy; the statue was felt to be one of the Pignora Imperii, or pledges of imperium, of Ancient Rome. According to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, the Romans believed that the Sacred fire of Vesta was closely tied to the fortunes of the city and viewed its extinction as a portent of disaster. The sacred flame was put out in 394 by Theodosius I after he won the Battle of the Frigidus, defeating Eugenius and Arbogast. The Temple of Vesta remained reasonably intact until the Renaissance. However, in 1549 the building was completely demolished and its marble reused in churches and papal palaces. The section standing today was reconstructed in the 1930s during the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini.

By Wknight94, 26 April 2008. Source: Joe Sermarini

Jeton, Louis XIV, cf. Feuardent 12779Louis XIV (1638-1715), king of France, sun king
AE 25 (brass), 4.40g, 25.34mm, 180°.
Engraver: Lazare Gottlieb Laufer, Nuremberg
Obv.: LVDOVICVS. - MAGNVS. REX.
Bare head of the king to the right.
below small LGL.
Rev.: HOC PACES HABVERE BONAE.
Minerva helmeted, with raised left hand resting on long scepter, standing r.on terrace
overlooking gardens, pointing with outstretched right to servant on left who is placing
large vase on balustrade.
In ex. AEDIFICIA REGIA
Ref.: cf. Feuardent 12779

Legends:
Hoc paces habuere bonae (Horace, Epistula 2, 1) freely translated: This is the consequence of an unbroken healthy peace
Aedificia regia = the royal palace

The medal probably refers to the Peace of Ryswick (1687), which ended the Nine Years' War between France and the Netherlands, England and SpainJochen

Medieval, Hungary, 01.3.03. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03., H-001, U-001, CNH I.-001, + REGIA CIVITAS, #0101.3.03. István I., "St. Stephen !", King of Hungary, (997-1038 A.D.), AR-Denarius, CÁC I. 01.3.03., H-001, U-001, CNH I.-001, + REGIA CIVITAS, #01
avers: + STEPHANVS•REX• (The first S are retrograde !), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
reverse: + REGIA CIVITAS (REGIA CIVITVS, "V" instead of "A"!), Cross within a pearled border, wedges between the arms of the cross.
exergue:-/-//--, diameter: 17,5 mm, weight: 0,73 g, axis: 5 h,
mint: Esztergom, date: A.D., ref: Huszár-001, Unger-001, CNH I.-001,
Tóth-Kiss-Fekete: CÁC I.(Catalog of Árpadian Coinage I./Opitz I.), Privy-Mark/Szigla: 01.3.03.,
Q-001quadrans

Pisidia, Termessos minor, AE 2222mm, 6.61g
obv: laureate head of Zeus right, scepter behind, uncertain countermark
rev: [ΤΕΡΜΗΣΣΕΩΝ], winged thunderbolt, bee within circular countermark

supposedly found near Sarmizegetusa Regia in the seventies1 commentsareich

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