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Time of Alexander I, AR Hemiobol, struck 470 - 460 BC at Argilos in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Forepart of Pegasos facing left.
Reverse: No legend. Quadripartite granulated incuse square.
Diameter: 8.78mm | Weight: 0.20gms | Die Axis: Uncertain
Liampi 118 | SNG - | GCV -
Rare
Argilos was a city of ancient Macedonia founded by a colony of Greeks from Andros. Although little information is known about the city until about 480 BC, the literary tradition dates the foundation to around 655/654 BC which makes Argilos the earliest Greek colony on the Thracian coast. It appears from Herodotus to have been a little to the right of the route the army of Xerxes I took during its invasion of Greece in 480 BC in the Greco-Persian Wars. Its territory must have extended as far as the right bank of the Strymona, since the mountain of Kerdylion belonged to the city.
Argilos benefited from the trading activities along the Strymona and probably also from the gold mines of the Pangeion. Ancient authors rarely mention the site, but nevertheless shed some light on the important periods of its history. In the last quarter of the 6th century BC, Argilos founded two colonies, Tragilos, in the Thracian heartland, and Kerdilion, a few kilometers to the east of the city.
Alexander I was the ruler of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia from c.498 BC until his death in 454 BC. Alexander came to the throne during the era of the kingdom's vassalage to Persia, dating back to the time of his father, Amyntas I. Although Macedonia retained a broad scope of autonomy, in 492 BC it was made a fully subordinate part of the Persian Empire. Alexander I acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC. From the time of Mardonius' conquest of Macedonia, Herodotus disparagingly refers to Alexander I as “hyparchos”, meaning viceroy. However, despite his cooperation with Persia, Alexander frequently gave supplies and advice to the Greek city states, and warned them of the Persian plans before the Battle of Plataea in 479 BC. After their defeat at Plataea, when the Persian army under the command of Artabazus tried to retreat all the way back to Asia Minor, most of the 43,000 survivors of the battle were attacked and killed by the forces of Alexander at the estuary of the Strymona river.
Alexander regained Macedonian independence after the end of the Persian Wars and was given the title "philhellene" by the Athenians, a title used for Greek patriots.
After the Persian defeat, Argilos became a member of the first Athenian confederation but the foundation of Amphipolis in 437 BC, which took control of the trade along the Strymona, brought an end to this. Thucydides tells us that some Argilians took part in this foundation but that the relations between the two cities quickly deteriorated and, during the Peloponnesian war, the Argilians joined with the Spartan general Brasidas to attack Amphipolis. An inscription from the temple of Asklepios in Epidauros attests that Argilos was an independent city during the 4th century.
Like other colonies in the area, Argilos was conquered by the Macedonian king Philip II in 357 B.C. Historians believe that the city was then abandoned and, though excavations have brought to light an important agricultural settlement on the acropolis dated to the years 350-200 BC, no Roman or Byzantine ruins have been uncovered there.*Alex
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12. Philip I.Antoninianus, 245 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: ADVENTVS AVGG / Philip on horseback, raising right hand and holding a sceptre.
4.21 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #26b; Sear #8916.
Coins with this reverse type were often issued at the beginning of a reign to celebrate "the coming of the emperor." Since Philip became emperor in the East during a war with Persia, it was some time before he was able to conclude the war and return to Rome.Callimachus
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1303a, Galerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.Galerius, RIC VI 59, Cyzicus S, VF, Cyzicus S, 6.4 g, 25.86 mm; 309-310 AD; Obverse: GAL MAXIMIANVS P F AVG, laureate bust right; Reverse: GENIO A-VGVS[TI], Genius stg. left, naked but for chlamys over left shoulder, holding patera and cornucopiae. A nice example with sharp detail and nice brown hoard patina. Ex Ancient Imports.
De Imperatoribus Romanis,
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors
Galerius (305-311 A.D.)
Michael DiMaio, Jr.
Salve Regina University
Caius Galerius Valerius Maximianus, more commonly known as Galerius, was from Illyricum; his father, whose name is unknown, was of peasant stock, while his mother, Romula, was from beyond the Danube. Galerius was born in Dacia Ripensis near Sardica. Although the date of his birth is unknown, he was probably born ca. 250 since he served under Aurelian. As a youth Galerius was a shepherd and acquired the nickname Armentarius. Although he seems to have started his military career under Aurelian and Probus, nothing is known about it before his accession as Caesar on 1 March 293. He served as Diocletian's Caesar in the East. Abandoning his first wife, he married Diocletian's daugher, Valeria.
As Caesar he campaigned in Egypt in 294; he seems to have taken to the field against Narses of Persia, and was defeated near Ctesiphon in 295. In 298, after he made inroads into Armenia, he obtained a treaty from the Persians favorable to the Romans. Between 299-305 he overcame the Sarmatians and the Carpi along the Danube. The Great Persecution of the Orthodox Church, which was started in 303 by the Emperor Diocletian, was probably instigated by Galerius. Because of the almost fatal illness that he contracted toward the end of 304, Diocletian, at Nicomedeia, and Maximianus Herculius, at Mediolanum, divested themselves of the purple on 1 May 305. Constantius and Galerius were appointed as Augusti, with Maximinus Daia and Severus as the new Caesars. Constantius and Severus reigned in the West, whereas Galerius' and Daia's realm was the East. Although Constantius was nominally senior Augustus, the real power was in the hands of Galerius because both Caesars were his creatures.
The balance of power shifted at the end of July 306 when Constantius, with his son Constantine at his side, passed away at York in Britain where he was preparing to face incursions by the Picts; his army proclaimed Constantine his successor immediately. As soon as he received the news of the death of Constantius I and the acclamation of Constantine to the purple, Galerius raised Severus to the rank of Augustus to replace his dead colleague in August 306. Making the best of a bad situation, Galerius accepted Constantine as the new Caesar in the West. The situation became more complicated when Maxentius, with his father Maximianus Herculius acquiesing, declared himself princes on 28 October 306. When Galerius learned about the acclamation of the usurper, he dispatched the Emperor Severus to put down the rebellion. Severus took a large field army which had formerly been that of Maximianus and proceeded toward Rome and began to besiege the city, Maxentius, however, and Maximianus, by means of a ruse, convinced Severus to surrender. Later, in 307, Severus was put to death under clouded circumstances. While Severus was fighting in the west, Galerius, during late 306 or early 307, was campaigning against the Sarmatians.
In the early summer of 307 Galerius invaded Italy to avenge Severus's death; he advanced to the south and encamped at Interamna near the Tiber. His attempt to besiege the city was abortive because his army was too small to encompass the city's fortifications. Not trusting his own troops, Galerius withdrew. During its retreat, his army ravaged the Italian countryside as it was returning to its original base. When Maximianus Herculius' attempts to regain the throne between 308 and 310 by pushing his son off his throne or by winning over Constantine to his cause failed, he tried to win Diocletian and Galerius over to his side at Carnuntum in October and November 308; the outcome of the Conference at Carnuntum was that Licinius was appointed Augustus in Severus's place, that Daia and Constantine were denoted filii Augustorum, and that Herculius was completely cut out of the picture. Later, in 310, Herculius died, having been implicated in a plot against his son-in-law. After the Conference at Carnuntum, Galerius returned to Sardica where he died in the opening days of May 311.
By Michael DiMaio, Jr., Salve Regina University; Published: De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Rulers and their Families http://www.roman-emperors.org/startup.htm. Used by permission.
Galerius was Caesar and tetrarch under Maximianus. Although a talented general and administrator, Galerius is better known for his key role in the "Great Persecution" of Christians. He stopped the persecution under condition the Christians pray for his return to health from a serious illness. Galerius died horribly shortly after. Joseph Sermarini, FORVM.
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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1bc Trajan98-117
Sestertius
Laureate head, right, IMP CAES NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V PP
Roma and kneeling Dacian, SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI SC
RIC 485
Eutropius enthused: To [Nerva] succeeded ULPIUS CRINITUS TRAJANUS, born at Italica in Spain, of a family rather ancient than eminent for his father was the first consul in it. He was chosen emperor at Agrippina, a city of Gaul. He exercised the government in such a manner, that he is deservedly preferred to all the other emperors. He was a man of extraordinary skill in managing affairs of state, and of remarkable courage. The limits of the Roman empire, which, since the reign of Augustus, had been rather defended than honourably enlarged, he extended far and wide. He rebuilt some cities in Germany; he subdued Dacia by the overthrow of Decebalus, and formed a province beyond the Danube, in that territory which the Thaiphali, Victoali, and Theruingi now occupy. This province was a thousand miles in circumference.
He recovered Armenia, which the Parthians had seized, putting to death Parthamasires who held the government of it. He gave a king to the Albani. He received into alliance the king of the Iberians, Sarmatians, Bosporani, Arabians, Osdroeni, and Colchians. He obtained the mastery over the Cordueni and Marcomedi, as well as over Anthemusia, an extensive region of Persia. He conquered and kept possession of Seleucia, Ctesiphon, Babylon, and the country of the Messenii. He advanced as far as the boundaries of India, and the Red Sea, where he formed three provinces, Armenia, Assyria, and Mesopotamia, including the tribes which border on Madena. He afterwards, too, reduced Arabia into the form of a province. He also fitted out a fleet for the Red Sea, that he might use it to lay waste the coasts of India.
Yet he went beyond his glory in war, in ability and judgment as a ruler, conducting himself as an equal towards all, going often to his friends as a visitor, either when they were ill, or when they were celebrating feast days, and entertaining them in his turn at banquets where there was no distinction of rank, and sitting frequently with them in their chariots; doing nothing unjust towards any of the senators, nor being guilty of any dishonesty to fill his treasury; exercising liberality to all, enriching with offices of trust, publicly and privately, every body whom he had known even with the least familiarity; building towns throughout the world, granting many immunities to states, and doing every thing with gentleness and kindness; so that during his whole reign, there was but one senator condemned, and he was sentenced by the senate without Trajan's knowledge. Hence, being regarded throughout the world as next to a god, he deservedly obtained the highest veneration both living and dead. . . .
After having gained the greatest glory both in the field and at home, he was cut off, as he was returning from Persia, by a diarrhoea, at Seleucia in Isauria. He died in the sixty-third year, ninth month, and fourth day of his age, and in the nineteenth year, sixth month, and fifteenth day of his reign. He was enrolled among the gods, and was the only one of all the emperors that was buried within the city. His bones, contained in a golden urn, lie in the forum which he himself built, under a pillar whose height is a hundred and forty-four feet. So much respect has been paid to his memory, that, even to our own times, they shout in acclamations to the emperors, "More fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan!" Blindado
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1do Probus276-282
AE antoninianus
Radiate, cuirassed bust, right, holding spear and shield, IMP PROBVS P F AVG
Concordia and Probus, CONCORDIA MILIT
RIC 332
Zosimus observed: Probus, having thus gained the empire, marched forward, and performed a very commendable action for the public good, as a prelude to what he should afterwards do. For he resolved to punish those who had murdered Aurelianus, and conspired against Tacitus ; though for fear of an insurrection he did not openly execute his design, but planted a company of men, in whom he had confidence, at a convenient post, near to which he invited the murderers to a feast. [Probus] gave a signal to his men to perform. As soon as they had received it, they fell on the murderers in their defenceless state. . . .
Probus obtained several victories over the Barbarians in two different wars; in one of which he himself commanded, but left the other to the conduct of his lieutenant. Perceiving that it was necessary to assist the cities of Germany which lay upon the Rhine, and were harrassed by the Barbarians, he marched with his army towards that river. . . . The emperor terminated several other wars, with scarcely any trouble ; and fought some fierce battles, first against the Logiones, a German nation, whom he conquered, [and] against the Franks, whom he subdued through the good conduct of his commanders. He made war on the Burgundi and the Vandili.
The Historia Augusta adds: After this he set out for Illyricum, but before going thither he left Raetia in so peaceful a state that there remained therein not even any suspicion of fear. In Illyricum l he so crushed the Sarmatians and other tribes that almost without any war at all he got back all they had ravaged. He then directed his march through Thrace, and received in either surrender or friendship all the tribes of the Getae, frightened by the repute of his deeds and brought to submission by the power of his ancient fame. This done, he set out for the East. . . . Having made peace, then, with the Persians, he returned to Thrace, and here he settled one hundred thousand Bastarnae on Roman soil, all of whom remained loyal. . . .
He celebrated a triumph over the Germans and the Blemmyae, and. . . gave in the Circus a most magnificent wild-beast hunt. . . . These spectacles finished, he made ready for war with Persia, but while on the march through Iliyricum he was treacherously killed by his soldiers. The causes of his murder were these : first of all, he never permitted a soldier to be idle, for he built many works by means of their labor, saying that a soldier should eat no bread that was not earned. To this he added another remark, hard for them, should it ever come true, but beneficial to the commonwealth, namely, that soon there would be no need of soldiers.
Zonaras described Probus' death differently: There was another rebellion against him. For Carus, who was in command of portions of Europe, recognized that the soldiers under him wished to proclaim him emperor and revealed this to Probus, begging that he be recalled from there. But Probus was not willing to remove him from office. Then the soldiers surrounded Carus, compelled him reluctantly to receive the empire of the Romans, and immediately hastened with him against Italy. Probus, when he had learned of this, sent an army with a commander to oppose him. As soon as those dispatched had drawn near Carus, they arrested their commander and surrendered him and themselves to Carus. Probus was killed by his own guardsmen, who had learned of the desertion of the soldiers to Carus. The duration of Probus’ sole rule had been not quite six yearsBlindado
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316. Aurelian316. Aurelian
In 275, Aurelian marched towards Asia Minor, preparing another campaign against the Sassanids: the close deaths of Kings Shapur I (272) and Hormizd I (273), and the rise to power of a weakened ruler (Bahram I), set the possibility to attack the Sassanid Empire.
On on his way, the emperor suppressed a revolt in Gaul — possibly against Faustinus, an officer or usurper of Tetricus — and defeated barbarian marauders at Vindelicia (Germany).
However, Aurelian never reached Persia, since he was killed on his way. As an administrator, Aurelian had been very strict and handed out severe punishments to corrupt officials or soldiers. A secretary of Aurelian (called Eros by Zosimus) had told a lie on a minor issue. Scared of what the emperor might do, he told high ranking officials that the emperor wanted their life, showing a forged document. The notarius Mucapor and other high-ranking officiers of the Praetorian Guard, fearing punishment from the Emperor, murdered him in September of 275, in Caenophrurium, Thracia (modern Turkey).
Aurelian's enemies in the Senate briefly succeeded in passing damnatio memoriae on the emperor, but this was reversed before the end of the year and Aurelian, like his predecessor Claudius, was deified as Divus Aurelianus.
Ulpia Severina, wife of Aurelian and Augusta since 274, is said to have held the imperial role during the short interregnum before the election of Marcus Claudius Tacitus to the purple.
Siscia mint. IMP C AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate & cuirassed bust right / ORIENS AVG, Sol advancing left between two seated captives, holding up raised hand & whip, XXIT in ex. Cohen 158. RIC 255
ecoli
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320. CarusMarcus Aurelius Carus (c. 230 - late July/early August, 283), Roman emperor (282-283), was born probably at Narbona (more correctly, Narona -- now the ruins at Vid, Croatia) in Illyria, but was educated at Rome. He was a senator, and had filled various civil and military posts before he was appointed prefect of the Praetorian Guard by the emperor Probus. After the murder of Probus at Sirmium, Carus was proclaimed emperor by the soldiers.
Although Carus severely avenged the death of Probus, he was himself suspected of having been an accessory to the deed. He does not seem to have returned to Rome after his accession, but contented himself with an announcement of the fact to the Senate.
Bestowing the title of Caesar upon his sons Carinus and Numerian, he left Carinus in charge of the western portion of the empire, and took Numerian with him on the expedition against the Persians which had been contemplated by Probus. Having defeated the Quadi and Sarmatians on the Danube, Carus proceeded through Thrace and Asia Minor, conquered Mesopotamia, pressed on to Seleucia and Ctesiphon, and carried his arms beyond the Tigris.
His hopes of further conquest were cut short by his death. One day, after a violent storm, it was announced that he was dead. His death was variously attributed to disease, the effects of lightning, or a wound received in a campaign against the Huns. However it seems more probable that he was murdered by the soldiers, who were averse to further campaigns against Persia, at the instigation of Arrius Aper, prefect of the Praetorian Guard.
VF/VF Carus AE Antoninianus / Virtus
Attribution: VM 16
Date: 282-283 AD
Obverse: IMP C M AVR CARVS P F AVG, radiate bust r.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVGGG, Carus receiving globe from Jupiter
Size: 20.32 mm
Weight: 2.7 grams
Description: An attractive Carus ant
ecoli
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507. MagnentiusMagnentius (ruled AD January 18, 350–August 11, 353), was a Roman usurper.
Dissatisfaction amongst the ranks of the Roman army with Constans came to a head with the elevation of Magnentius at Autun on January 18, 350. Constans was abandoned by all except a handful of retainers, and he was slain shortly afterwards by a troop of light cavalry near the Pyrenees.
Magnentius quickly attracted the loyalty of the provinces in Britain, Gaul, and the rest of western Europe, in part because he proved to be far more tolerant towards both Christians and pagans.
The remaining emperor of the family of Constantine the Great, Constantius II broke off his war in the east with Persia, and marched west. Their armies met in the Battle of Mursa Major in 351; Magnentius led his troops into battle, while Constantius spent the day of battle praying in a nearby church. Despite Magnentius' heroism, his troops were defeated and forced to retreat back to Gaul.
As a result of Magnentius' defeat, Italy ejected his garrisons and rejoined the loyalist cause. Magnentius made a final stand in 353 in the Battle of Mons Seleucus, after which he committed suicide.
Following the suppression of Magnentius' rebellion, Constantius commanded an investigation be made to find his followers. The most notorious agent in this search was the primicerius notorarum Paulus Catena.
Magnentius AE 16mm Half Centenionalis. D N MAGNENTIVS P F AVG, bare-headed, draped and cuirassed bust right, A behind / VICTORIAE NN AVG ET CAE, two Victories holding shield marked VOT V MVLT X. ecoli
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Achaemenid Empire, Persia, AR Siglos, 450-330 BCEAR Siglos - 5.61g, 15.4 mm
Obverse: Bearded archer kneeling right holding a spear and bow
Reverse: Incuse punch
References: Sear/Seaby 4682, BMC 3 ff.
Added to collection: May 27, 2005Daniel F
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Achaemenid Empire. Artaxerxes II-III. Siglos of Sardes. Asia Minor. Persia, Achaemenid Empire. c. 375‑340 BC. Artaxerxes II-III. AR Siglos (5.44 gm, 14mm) of Sardes. Running/kneeling king right, wearing kidaris & kandys, holding dagger and bow, quiver at shoulder. / "Map" oblong incuse punch. gVF. Carradice Type IV, Group C (pl. XIV, 46); GRPC Lydia S28; Klein 763; Meadows Administration 326; SNG Kayhan pt.1 #1031ff, pt.2 #1746ff; Sunrise 33-36; BMC Arabia 175-177 (pl.XXVII #19).Anaximander
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Achaemenid Empire. Siglos of Lydia. Asia Minor. Persia, Achaemenid Empire. 450-420 BC. Artaxerxes I-Darius II. (5.35 gm, 9.9mm), AR Siglos, Sardis Running/kneeling beardless king right, wearing kidaris & kandys, holding bow & daggar, quiver at shoulder. To right, countermark: head of an eagle right. / Oblong incuse punch. gF. Bt. Centurian Coins 1999. ATEC 1983-1985; Babelon Traite pl.87 #18-19; Carradice 43-49, Type IVa, GRPC Lydia S28; Klein 763; SNG Kayhan #1031-1033, 1746-1748. cf Leu Numismatik Web Auction 15 #873 (similar c/m).Anaximander
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Achaemenid Empire. Siglos of Lydia. Asia Minor. Persia, Achaemenid Empire. c. 485-420 BC. Xerxes I-Darius II. AR Siglos (5.51 gm, 9.8mm) of Sardes. Running/kneeling king right, wearing kidaris & kandys, holding transverse spear and bow, quiver at shoulder. / "Map" oblong incuse punch. VF. Bt Mediterranean Coins, 1999. SNG Berry II #1448; Carradice Type IIIb Group B; SNG Aarhus 910; Sear Greek II #4678.Anaximander
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Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Artaxerxes I - Darius III AR Siglos 17mm 5.63g 450-330 BC.
O: Great King kneeling r. with Bow and Dagger. Three bankers marks.
R: Oblong punch.
SG4683, Head CoLP 27. Darkly toned. Nice heavy weight. _3690Antonivs Protti
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Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Artaxerxes I - Darius III AR Siglos 450-330 BC. 16mm 4.40g
O: Great King kneeling r. with bow and spear, pellet behind.
R: Oblong punch with raised pattern within.
SG4682v(no pellet obv.).
There has been supposition that the raised areas on the reverse are actually a map of the Satrapal territories in Asia Minor. _6450Antonivs Protti
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Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Artaxerxes II - Darius III, Silver Siglos c. 375 - 340 B.C.Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Artaxerxes II - Darius III, Silver Siglos c. 375 - 340 B.C. Sardis. 5.48 grams. Persian king running right with dagger and bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type IV, VF.mjabrial
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Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Darius I AR Siglos 15mm 5.10g 510-486 BC. O: Great King kneeling r. with Bow and Spear.
R: Oblong punch.
SG - , Head CoLP 25. _3501 soldAntonivs Protti
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Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Darius I Silver Siglos 521-486 B.C.Achaemenid Kings of Persia, Darius I Silver Siglos 521-486 B.C. Sardis. 5.11 grams. First archer series. Persian king in kneeling-running stance right, drawing bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type II Plate XI, 12., VF.mjabrial
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Alexander Severus Silver Denarius 59850. Silver denarius, SRCV II 7923, RIC IV 252, RSC III 508a, BMCRE VI 813, VF, scratches, 3.143g, 19.8mm, 0o, Rome mint, 231 - 235 A.D.;
obverse IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG, laureate bust right with drapery on left shoulder;
reverse PROVIDENTIA AVG, Providentia (or Annona) standing left, stalks of grain in right over modius, anchor in left
Annona with a modius and anchor suggests the arrival of grain by sea from the provinces, especially from Africa, and its distribution to the people. When Severus Alexander was away on his Persian and German campaigns (231-235) he continuously struck Annona types. With the legend PROVIDENTIA AVG, "The Foresight of the Emperor," he assured that, though he was away, he would be carefully monitoring Rome's grain supply!Colby S
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Anchor and Calf's headPersia, Achaimen. Kings, 475-420 B.C. AR-Siglos 13/17 mm, 5.41 gr. AV: The Great King kneeling right, shooting with bow. Round CM(1): Anchor; CM(2): Calf's head to right. RV: Oblong, incuse Punch. Collection: Mueller.Automan
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ANTIQUITIES, Persia, Bronze Arrowhead, c.1200-800 B.C.Near Eastern Bronze Age arrowhead, dating to the Late Bronze Age approximately 1200 - 800 B.C.
With long, four sided tang, cylindrical midsection and rounded blade with barbed shoulders.
Arrows such as this were used by the Early Cultures of Babylonia, Assyria and Anatolia.
Unrestored, in exceptional condition.
Length: 3 inches.
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Carradice Type I AR Siglos - Time of Darius IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius I. Circa 520-505 BC.
AR Siglos (12mm, 5.31g).
Half-length bust of Persian king right, holding bow and arrows / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type I (pl. XI, 10); BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 25.
Ex Hesperia 1964. Rare. Fine+
Provenance: Harlan J BerkCaffaro
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Carradice Type I AR Siglos - Time of Darius IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius I. Circa 520-505 BC.
AR Siglos (15mm, 5.34g).
Half-length bust of Persian king right, holding bow and arrows / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type I (pl. XI, 10); BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 25.
Provenance: LanzCaffaro
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Carradice Type II AR Siglos - Time of Darius I to Xerxes IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius I to Xerxes I. Circa 505-480 BC.
AR Siglos (12mm, 5.29 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling-running stance right, drawing bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type II, pl. XI, 12-13. Near VF, toned.
Provenance: CNG Electronic auction 149, Lot: 114. Caffaro
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Carradice Type II AR Siglos - Time of Darius I to Xerxes IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius I to Xerxes I. Circa 505-480 BC.
AR Siglos (14mm, 5.28 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, shooting bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type II (pl. XI, 12); BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 23. VF, hoard patina.
Provenance: CNG electronic auction 152, Lot: 116. Caffaro
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Carradice Type II AR Siglos - Time of Darius I to Xerxes IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius I to Xerxes I. Circa 505-480 BC.
AR Siglos (13mm, 5.22 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, shooting bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type II (pl. XI, 12); BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 23. VF, toned.
Provenance: CNG electronic auction 153, Lot: 71.Caffaro
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Carradice Type III AR 1/8th siglos - Artaxerxes II - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Artaxerxes II to Darios III. Ca. 375-336 B.C.
AR 1/8th siglos (10 mm, 0.68 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling-running stance right, holding spear and bow / Incuse punch. L.
Mildenberg, "Über das Münzwesen im Reich der Achämeniden, AMI 26 (1993), 19 = Hess-Leu 45, 386
(same rev. die); cf. Carradice type IIIb (late); Winzer -; Klein -; Traité -; BMC -. VF, toned, porosity. An
extremely rare fraction - possibly the second known example. Caffaro
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C.
AR Siglos (12mm, 5.60 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. Struck on a good metal. Very large die. Choice pleasing VF.
Provenance: Pars coinsCaffaro
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR Siglos (15.2mm, 5.449 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. aVF.
Provenance: Forvm Ancient CoinsCaffaro
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C.
AR Siglos (16mm, 5.56 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. Struck on a good metal. Very large die. Choice pleasing VF.
Provenance: Ephesus CoinsCaffaro
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIICarradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius III
PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. Time of Artaxerxes I
- Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C.AR Siglos (12mm, 5.60 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right,
holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow
/ Incuse punch. Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. Coin #69
cars100
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIICarradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius III
PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. Time of Artaxerxes I
- Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C. AR Siglos (12mm, 5.60 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right,
holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow
/ Incuse punch. Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. Struck
on a good metal. Choice pleasing Coin #70
cars100
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Carradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid EmpireCarradice Type III AR Siglos - Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C.
AR Siglos (12mm, 5.60 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IIIb; S 4682. Struck on a good metal. Very large die.cars100
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Carradice Type IIIa AR Siglos - Xerxes IPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Xerxes I, c. 480 B.C.
AR Siglos (17mm, 5.28 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding spear in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IIIa; Choice pleasing VF.Caffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR 1/4 Siglos - Time of Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR 1/4 Siglos (0.7mm, 1.24 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; S 4683. F, toned.
Provenance: Harlan J BerkCaffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR 1/4 Siglos - Time of Darius III Carradice Type IV AR 1/4 Siglos - Time of Darius III
PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. Time of Darius III,
c. 450 - 330 B.C. AR 1/4 Siglos (0.7mm, 1.24 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance
right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his
left bow / Incuse punch. Carradice Type IV; S 4683.
Coin #68
cars100
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR Siglos (16.7mm, 5.505 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; S 4683. gVF, toned.
Provenance: Forvm Ancient CoinsCaffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR Siglos (15.5mm, 5.54 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; S 4683v. VF.
Provenance: Zuzim JudeaCaffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR Siglos (16.7mm, 5.505 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; S 4683 cars100
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time Artaxerxes I - Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Artaxerxes I - Darius III, c. 450 - 330 B.C.
AR Siglos (16.7mm, 5.505 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; S 4683. cars100
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time of Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius III, c. 420-375 B.C.
AR Siglos (13mm, 5.55 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; Struck on a good metal. Very large die. Choice pleasing VF.
Provenance: Pars CoinsCaffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time of Darius IIIPERSIA, Achaemenid Empire.
Time of Darius III, c. 375-340 BC.
AR Siglos (16mm, 5.50 g).
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right, holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow / Incuse punch.
Carradice Type IV; Taf. XV, 46. VF.
Provenance: Tom VossenCaffaro
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Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time of Darius III Carradice Type IV AR Siglos - Time of Darius III
PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. Time of Darius III,
c. 450 - 330 B.C. AR Siglos.
Persian king or hero in kneeling/running stance right,
holding dagger in his right and bow in his left bow
/ Incuse punch. Carradice Type IV; S 4683. Coin #62
cars100
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Carus Antoninianus 282-383 CEDenomination: Antoninianus
Era: 282-283 CE
Metal: AE/Billon
Obverse: IMP CARVS PF AVG. Mailed bust of Carus r. Radiate crown
Reverse: PAXE-XE-RCITI. In exergue, PXXI. Pax standing holding olive branch and standard
Mint: Ticinum
Weight: 3.29 g.
Reference: RIC 75 (Ticinum Mint)
Provenance: Munz Centrum auction, Sept 15 2021, lot 852
The history leading up to Diocletian’s historically significant reign must include the story of his rise to power. It started with the emperor Carus who made Diocletian commander of the Protectores domestici, the elite cavalry force directly attached to the Imperial household – a post that earned him the honour of a consulship in 283. As such, he took part in Carus's subsequent Persian campaign.
Carus was Killed during the successful War with Persia, leaving his sons Carinus and Numerian as the new Augusti.
Death of Numerian:
March 284 - Numerian was known to be in Emesa (Homes) Syria. It is believed to have been assassinated on his return journey to Rome. Aper, the prefect is traditionally believed to be the assasin. Coins were struck for Numerian as late as November 284
Rise of Diocletian:
November 284 -Numerian's generals and tribunes called a council for the succession, choosing Diocletian as emperor. After his accession, Diocletian and Lucius Caesonius Bassus were named as consuls in place of Carinus.
Over the winter of 284–85, Diocletian advanced west across the Balkans. His armies met Carinus's across the river Margus in Moesia. In the west, Carinus’s rule had become unpopular. When the Battle of Margus began, Carinus’s prefect Aristobulus defected. In the course of the battle, Carinus was killed by his own men. Following Diocletian's victory, both the western and the eastern armies acclaimed him as Emperor.
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Flower (clover leaf?) or three dots (?)Persia, Achaimen. Kings, 475-420 B.C. AR-Siglos 13/18 mm, 5.72 gr. AV: The Great King kneeling right, shooting with bow. Round CM: Flower (clover leaf?) or three dots (?). RV: Oblong, incuse Punch. Collection: Mueller.Automan
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Gallienus (Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus) (253-268 A.D.)SRCV 10247, RIC V S-221 (Rome), Göbl 348a, Van Meter 117.
BI Antoninianus, 2.34 g., 19.12 mm. max., 0°
Rome mint, struck during solo reign (260-268 A.D.) in 260-261 A.D.
Obv: GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right, one ribbon behind, one forward across shoulder.
Rev: IOVI [VLT]ORI, Jupiter naked standing right looking back, holding lightning bolt aloft in right hand, cloak flying right. S in left field.
The reverse dedicates this coin to Jupiter the Avenger. In 260-261 A.D., Balista, prefect of the pretorianus under Valerian, along with Odenathus, King of Palmyra, drove the Sassanian Shapur I from Syria into Persia, and re-established Roman power in the East.
RIC rarity C, Van Meter VB1.Stkp
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Heraclius and Sons Gold Solidus70051. Gold solidus, Wroth BMC 76; Tolstoi 410; DOC II part 1, 44f (no examples in the collection, refs Wroth); SBCV 770; Hahn MIB 53; Sommer 11.35; Morrisson BnF -, aEF, luster, tight flan, graffiti on obverse and reverse, 4.336g, 19.3mm, 180o, 8th officina, Constantinople mint, 639(?) - 641;
obverse Heraclius in center taller with mustache, long beard; standing with Heraclius Constantine on right, Heraclonas on left, sons beardless and equal height, all wear crown, chlamys and tablion ornamented with pellets, and hold globus cruciger in right;
reverse VICTORIA AVGu H, cross potent on three steps, Heraclian monogram left, E right, CONOB in ex
In 632, Heraclonas, Heraclius younger son, was designated Caesar and added to the coinage. Heraclonas was seven years old. The Heraclian monogram on the reverse replaces the more typical obverse inscription.Colby S
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Illuminated Qur'an Manuscript: Safavid Persia (ca. 1575 AD) Anonymous ScribeA leaf from an illuminated Safavid Koran, Persia, circa 1575 A.D., Arabic manuscript on paper, (155 x 90 mm.) There are twelve lines of text to the page in black strong hand of Naskhi script with full vowels and diacritical signs, gold ruled borders, sura headings in white ornamental ruja' script on a gold ground within illuminated panels, blue centered gold roundels mark the 5th and 10th verses and marginal annotations in gold and red and poly-chromed marginal medallions. Verso: twelve lines of text to the page in black strong hand of Naskhi script with full vowels and diacritical signs, gold ruled borders, sura headings in white ornamental ruja' script on a gold ground within illuminated panels, blue centered gold roundels mark the 5th and 10th verses and marginal annotations in gold and red and poly-chromed marginal medallions.
Quant.Geek
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Italy- Pompeii- Entrance to the house of FaunoHOUSE OF THE FAUN (VI,12,2)
With its 3000m² it is the largest house in Pompeii: built over a previous dwelling at the beginning of the 2nd century BC, its current form is the result of subsequent alterations. The entrance on the left leads directly into the public section, the door on the right to the private rooms: an atrium whose roof is supported by four columns, stalls, latrine, baths, kitchen. In the entrance is the Latin message HAVE. The ‘first style’ decoration, the floors of sectile opus, and the mosaic threshold (now at the Naples Museum) highlight the dignity of this house, more similar to the aristocratic Roman domus than local upper class dwellings. In the center of the impluvium is a bronze statue of the ‘faun’ (2nd cent. BC: original in Naples); around it are rooms that held mosaic paintings on the floor and ‘first style’ decorations on the walls. Between the two porticoed gardens is the exedra, the core of the dwelling, with Corinthian columns, stuccoed and painted capitals, a splendid mosaic (now at the N
aples Museum) depicting the victory of Alexander the Great over Darius, King of Persia, which has helped to suggest a connection between the Macedonian ruler and the unknown, educated, and wealthy owner of the
FLOOR PLAN OF THE HOUSE OF THE FAUN Pompeii 2nd Century Courtesy of Professor Barbette Spaeth, Tulane University (Excerpted from Professor Spaeth's accompanying text) This house was among the largest and most elegant of the houses of Pompeii. It took up an entire city block (c. 80 m. long by 35 m. wide or 315 by 115 ft.) and was filled with beautiful works of art, including the famous mosaic depicting Alexander the Great at the Battle of Issus, and wall paintings of the First, Second and Fourth Styles. The decoration of the house is heavily influenced by Hellenistic models. The House of the Faun was originally built in the early second century. In this period, the house was focused around two atria, one a large Tuscan atrium (3), and the other a smaller tetrastyle atrium (10), while the back of the house had a large kitchen garden. The two-atria plan represented an attempt to separate the formal functions of the atrium, i.e., the reception of clients and conduct of business by the patron of the house, from its private functions, i.e., the course of everyday family life. This type of plan is an intermediate step between the simple atrium house, with a single atrium complex, and the atrium and peristyle house. Apparently, the two-atria plan did not prove ultimately satisfactory for the owners of the House of the Faun. In the late second century B.C. they added a peristyle (8) to the north of the original two-atria nucleus, along with a service quarter to the eastern side (12-16), and reception rooms to the north. The rear of the house contained the kitchen garden. To this later period of the house belong its wall decorations in First Style and its famous mosaics. Finally, another peristyle was added around the time of the Early Roman Colony (20), that is, in the early first century B.C. This peristyle included more reception rooms along the south side (17 & 18), and smaller rooms, perhaps for servants, to the north (22) . The center of the new peristyle was occupied by the kitchen garden (19). With these renovations, the house acquired a new focus around the peristyles. The peristyles represented a private retreat for the family, a place where they could relax and entertain special guests. The front part of the house was kept for more formal occasions. The addition of service quarters reflects a further differentiation of function in the house, again separating the daily life of the family from the more public reception areas. The House of the Faun, with its elaborate decoration and extensive plan, represents one of the most important examples of Roman domus architecture of the second to first century B.C.
Peter Wissing
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Julian II "The Philosopher" (as Augustus)361-363 AD
AE3 (18mm, 2.32g)
O: Helmeted and cuirassed bust left, holding spear and shield; D N FL CL IVLI ANVS P F AVG.
R: VOT X MVLT XX in four lines within wreath; palm branch ANTB [palm branch] below.
Antioch mint
RIC VIII Antioch 219; Sear 4074v
ex Andre Cichos
Julian anticipated a successful trip to Antioch, but his experience there was a disappointment to him. The people chided him for his appearance, causing him to write ‘The Misopogon’ (or ‘Beard Hater’), a satire on himself but also a scathing indictment of the people of Antioch, whom he considered soft and degenerate, and wrote mockingly… “I say that you are liars and dancers, well skilled to dance in a chorus".
The relationship declined even more after the locals burned the temple of Apollo at Daphne, and further still after Julian’s efforts to make economic reforms designed to end government corruption and ease famine in the city caused by years of drought.
Julian finally left Antioch to march east and fulfill his plan to conquer Persia, but met his death in the attempt. Some say that the spearhead removed from his liver was actually Roman, but we will probably never know for certain.Enodia
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Kingdom of Persis, Namopad, c. 25 - 75 A.D. Silver obolKingdom of Persis, Namopad, c. 25 - 75 A.D. Silver obol, SGICV 5942; BMC Arabia, Mesopotamia and Persia, p. 226, 9; Alram 602, VF, 0.414g, 11.6mm, 0o, obverse bust left, bearded, waved back hair, wearing turreted crown, diadem, torque and robe; dot border interrupted by bust; reverse , the king standing right, crowned, hand extended, star and crescent right, Aramaic legend around. Ex FORVM, photo credit FORVMPodiceps
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Kings of Persia, Xerxes I - Artaxerxes II, SiglosAchaemenid Empire.
Xerxes II to Artaxerxes II.
Ca. 420-375 BCE
AR Siglos (Sardes)
Obv.: Persian king, wearing radiate tiara, in running/kneeling stance to right, holding dagger in his right hand and bow in his left, quiver over his shoulder.
Rev.: Oblong incuse, bankers' marks
Ref.: BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 10. Carradice Type IV/B, pl. XIV, 43.shanxi
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Kings of Persia, Xerxes I - Darius II, SiglosKings of Persia
AR Siglos
Carradice type IIIb (early). Xerxes I - Darius II, c. 485 - 420 BC.
Obv.: Kneeling-running figure of the Great King right, transverse spear in right, bow in left, bearded, crowned.
Rev.: incuse punch
AR, 5.35g, 14x16mm
Ref.: Carradice type IIIb (early), cf. SNG Kayhan 1030, Rosen 673, SGCV II 4682
Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 80, Lot 871 (part of)shanxi
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Lampsakos, Mysia, c. 4th - 3rd Centuries B.C.Silver diobol, Baldwin Lampsakos, Group B, Type I, pl. VI, 6; SNG Ashmolean 660; SNG BnF 1195; SNG Cop 191; SNGvA 1295; BMC Mysia p. 83, 36 ff., VF, well centered on a tight flan, toned, 1.458g, 11.7mm, 315o, Lampsakos (Lapseki, Turkey) mint, c. 4th - 3rd Centuries B.C.; obverse Janiform female head, wearing taenia and disk earring; reverse LA-M-Y (clockwise, starting above), helmeted head of Athena right, in a shallow round incuse.
A very valuable example from FORVM. The Sam Mansourati Collection.
Lampsakos was founded by Greek colonists from Phocaea in the 6th century B.C. Soon afterward it became a main competitor of Miletus, controlling the trade roots in the Dardanelles. During the 6th and 5th centuries B.C., Lampsacus was successively dominated by Lydia, Persia, Athens, and Sparta; Artaxerxes I assigned it to Themistocles with the expectation that the city supply the Persian king with its famous wine. When Lampsacus joined the Delian League after the battle of Mycale in 479 B.C., it paid a tribute of twelve talents, a testimony to its wealth.Sam
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Mylasa, Caria, c. 170 - 130 B.C. Silver Pseudo-Rhodian (drachm*), Ashton NC 1992, 255, SNG Kayhan 846, weight 2.2 g, maximum diameter 15.86 mm, Mylasa mint, c. 170 - 130 B.C.; Obv. facing head of Helios with eagle superimposed on r. cheek, hair loose; Rev. rose with bud/stem to right,(left bud off flan**) monogram left, ΠΕ & A to right. Same obv. die as Ashton 255 & Kayhan 846. Some surface roughness on top of both sides.
*Ashton, Kayhan, & Sear all describe this denom. as "drachm", though considerably underweight according to the Rhodian standard. Apparently these immitatives use the lower weight.
**Kayhan 846 plate shows stems and buds going both left and right. (but only describes the bud to the left), Ashton's plate also shows on both sides, and describes as such when in combination with letters /monograms. My example, is an Obv. die match, though the Rev. is not an exact die match, but is very close (probably same hand), and shows the right stem and bud clearly, but the left is off flan. Ashton identifies 107 Obv. dies in this series, and none of the rest are even close to the style of #255. This Obv. is shown with one other Rev. type(different letters).
Note; Ashton concludes the top two letters (on these later type with 4-5 letters/monograms) are abbrieviations for the month they were struck by the particular magistrate. (1st two letters in the Macedonian calender months used in Mylasa at the time) In my coin ΠΕ are for ΠΕΡΙΘΙOΣ or Peritios, the 10th month. He also concludes the monogram and lower letter abbrieviate the magistrate's name. Also, though he knows of no metrological analysis, the the quality of the silver seems to be somewhat debased compared to the Rhodian and early Pseudo-Rhodian issues.(most of the CH 4 hoard were of this later type, and were covered in a thick black patina{that were harshly cleaned}, the few earlier series and the one Rhodian type didn't have this patina and seemed to be of higher quality silver)
Historical background; courtsey Forvm Ancient Coins
Mylasa (Milas, Turkey today) was often mentioned by ancient writers. The first mention is from early 7th century B.C., when Arselis, a Carian leader from Mylasa, helped Gyges in his fight for the Lydian throne. Under Persia, Mylasa was the chief city of Caria. Mylasa joined the Delian League c. 455 B.C., but Persian rule was restored by 400. Mylasa was the hometown and first capital of the Hecatomnid dynasty, nominally Persian satraps, but practically kings of Caria and the surrounding region, 377 - 352 B.C. In the Hellenistic era, the city was contested by Alexander's successors, but prospered. Mylasa was severely damaged in the Roman Civil War in 40 B.C., but again regained prosperity under Roman rule.
Ex. Aegean NunismaticsSteve E
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Owl (obv) and various shapes (rev)Persia, Achaimen. Kings, 475-420 B.C. AR-Siglos 13/18 mm, 5.72 gr. AV: The Great King kneeling right, shooting with bow. Round CM: Owl. RV: Oblong, incuse Punch, CM: various chapes. Collection: Mueller.Automan
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Parthia, Persia, Orodes II king of Parthia (55/54–37/36 BC) Orodes II (57-38 B.C.)
AE Tetrachalkous 3.66g 20mm (PDC 6465)
Mint: Ecbatana
Obv: short-bearded bust left wearing diadem and pellet-ended torque, crescent behind; (usually) no wart visible on forehead; circular border of pellets
Rev: Tyche walking right holding wreath in extended right hand; below wreath, monogram [~]; no border; seven-line Greek inscription = ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ Coin #656
cars100
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Parthia, Unknown Ruler, 80 - 70 BCAR tdr., 15,82gr., 28,2mm;
Sellw. 30.4, Sh --, Sunrise 312 (this coin)(Arsakes XVI., 78/77 - 62/61 BC);
mint: Seleukia, axis: 12H;
obv.: bare-headed, left, w/diadem, knot, and ribbon; medium h-long hair in 4 waves, mustache, short beard; cuirass; dotted border 18:30 - 13h; young face;
rev: archer, right, on throne, w/bow; monogr. above bow; 7-line legend: BAΣIΛEΩΣ MEΓAΛOY APΣAKOY (ΘEO)ΠATOPOΣ (EY)EPΓETOY EΠIΦANOYΣ ΦIΛEΛΛHNO(Σ);
in: Numismatic Art of Persia, The Sunrise Collection, CNG 2011, p.182, #312.
also in: Parthika.fr, Les Différents Types.Schatz
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR SiglosLydia, Anatolia, Artaxerxes II - Darius III, c. 375 - 340 B.C., Silver siglos, Carradice Type IV (late) C, 46 ff.; BMC Arabia 172 ff.; SNG Kayhan 1031; SGCV II 4683; Rosen 674; Klein 763; Carradice Price p. 77 and pl. 20, 387 ff.Nemonater
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid Kings, c. 420 - 350 B.C. Lydia, Sardes mint. Persian Empire, Achaemenid Kings, c. 420 - 350 B.C. Lydia, Sardes mint. AR siglos, 5.511 g, 14.2 mm, near VF. Obv: bearded Great King kneeling right, dagger drawn back in right, bow in left. Rev: oblong incuse punch; helmet facing in center of incuse. Ref: BMC Persian Empire p. 165, 124 (the BMC rev symbol is obscure and not identified as a helmet but is the same shape). A number of markings in the reverse dies of sigloi of this same Carradice type and group are known. (cf. Carradice, "The Dinar Hoard of Persian Sigloi," Essays Price, p. 71, 146-151). All are rare. This particular symbol is not noted but appears to be the same as the referenced BMC coin. Extremely rare
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid siglosLydian style, Carradice type 1, Carradice type 2, Carradice type 3 high relief, Carradice type 3 full weaponry, Carradice type 4 with 4 buttons, Carradice type 4 with almond shaped eye.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR siglos, 404-330 B.C.Kingdom of the Achaemenid
Artaxerxes II (404-359) and Darius III. (336-330)
(D) Siglos (5.56 g), Sardis. Av. Great King with dagger and bow the knee running nr Rv:. Oblong Incusum. Carradice type IV C.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, 420-375 bcPersia, Achaemenid Empire AR Siglos. Time of Xerxes II to Artaxerxes II, circa 420-375 BC.
Persian king kneeling right, holding spear and bow; quiver over shoulder / Incuse punch.
Carradice type IIIb C; BMC Arabia pl. XXV, 15.
5.54g, 15mm.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, 455 - 420 B.C.Achaemenid, AR century, 455-420 BC. BC Sardis. Series IV, group A. Right: The king kneeling right, holding a dagger and a bow. Reverse: Square hollow elongated.
Ref: Carradice IVa, 33-35, SNG Cop.. 284-286.
5.45 g. Small countermark.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, 475-450 bcLydia Persian king/hero 475-450 bc Siglos high relief .
Carradice IIIb
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, 546-510 B.C.Achaemenid. After Croesus; c. 546-510 BC, Siglos, 5.26g.
Obv: Foreparts of lion and bull facing one another.
Rx: Double incuse square.
Grose 8639
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, c.505 - 480 B.C.PERSIA, Achaemenid Empire. temp. Darios I to Xerxes I. Circa 505-480 BC. AR Siglos (14.5mm, 5.28 g).
O: Persian king or hero, wearing kidaris and kandys, quiver over shoulder, in kneeling-running stance right, drawing bow
R: Incuse punch.
Carradice Type II (pl. XI, 12); Meadows, Administration 320; BMC Arabia pl. XXVII, 23; Sunrise 21.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, AR Siglos, c.5th century B.C.Greeks Persia
Achaemenid AR Siglos 5th century v.u.Z. Av .: Persian archer in the running knee with bow to right , Rv .: Incusum , the Greeks called this Sigloi Toxotai = archer.
SNG Berry comp. 1446 type iv c.
5:49 g .
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Achaemenid, Darius I, AR Siglos, 520-505 BC.PERSIA. Achaemenid Empire. Time of Darios I (Circa 520-505 BC). Siglos.
Obv: Half-length bust of Persian king or hero right, holding bow and arrows.
Rev: Incuse punch.
Carradice Type I.
5.24 g 15 mm.
Pecunem 23 lot 489
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Arab Sasanian Abd Allah b. al-ZubayrARAB-SASANIAN: 'Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr, 680-692, AR drachm (3.93g), DA+P (Fasa), YE60, A-16, pellet at 11:30 in reverse margin
Some traces of horn silverarash p
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Ardashir II - Fire Altar - PersisPersis, Ardashir II, ca.50-1 BC AR drachm
Obv: Crowned king.
Rev: King right of fire altar.
Ref: Alram 571
20mm - 1.75 grams
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Arsaces II (c. 211 - 191 B.C.), AR DrachmWeight: 3.78 g
Size: 18 mm
Condition: VF/VF
Minted in Hecatompylos
Obv: beardless head left, wearing bashlyk; circular border of pellets
Rev: beardless archer wearing bashlyk and cloak seated right on backless throne,
holding bow in left hand; below bow, monogram A; circular border of pellets; behind
archer, single-word Greek inscription read from outside = ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ
Ref: Sellwood 5.1 ; Shore 3
Rarity: R1
Value: 450
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Parthia/Persia, Arsaces XVI (Unknown King II) ca. 78/7-62/1 B.C.AR Tetradrachm
Seleukia on the Tigris Mint
Sellwood 30.2
Sunrise 311
Ex. Gemini XIV
Ex. Phillip AshtonWilliam T2
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Arsakes I, 247 - 211 BCAR dr., 4,09gr. 18mm; Sellwood 3.2, Shore 2var., Sunrise -- ;
mint: Mithradatkart/Nisa ?; axis: 12h;
obv.: beardless bust, left, w/bashlyk; lock of hair on forehead, bunch of hair in neck; earring;
rev.: archer, left, on backless throne, w/bow in right hand; one-line legend right field: APΣAKOY, letters KRNY left field;
ex: Triton XIII, ex: Todd Ballen coll., ex: Peus 376, ex: W. Derfler Collection;
A portrait of the founder of the Parthian Empire and the Arsacid dynasty.Schatz
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Parthia/Persia, Artabanos I ca. 127-124 B.C.AR Drachm
Ecbatana Mint
Sellwood 20.1
Sunrise 278 (Artabanos III)
Ex. FSR CoinWilliam T2
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Artabanos II, A.D. 10 - 40Obv: Anepigraphic
Bust left, with long rectangular beard and long hair revealing an ear ring.
Rev: Archer enthroned right, holding bow, all within seven line inscription.
Silver drachm 3.8 gm 20.8 mm 10-40 AD Sear (GIC) 5776
Comment: Engravers by this time had (Following is edited) begun to lose the use of the Greek language resulting in some degradation of the legends. Parthia was rooted in the old Seleucid Empire and is now part of modern day Iran.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Artabanus I (c. 127 - 124 B.C.), AR DrachmWeight: 4.54 g
Size: 21
Condition: aEF/aEF
Minted in Ecbatana
Obv: bearded bust left wearing diadem, earring, hair arranged in concentric waves; circular border of
pellets
Rev: beardless archer wearing bashlyk and cloak seated right on omphalos, holding bow in right
hand; no
border; four-line Greek inscription without dividing lines = ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ
ΦΙΛΑΔΕΛΦΟΥ
Ref: Sellwood 20.1 ; Shore 59
Rarity: R
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Artabanus II (c. A.D. 10 - 38), AR DrachmWeight: 3.75 g
Size: 21 mm
Condition: VF/VF
Minted in Ecbatana
Obv: bearded bust of king left, wearing diadem, diadem ends as three lines, long hair with no earring or ear visible;
border of dots
Rev: bearded bust of king left, wearing diadem, diadem ends as three lines, long hair with no earring or ear visible;
border of dots
Rev/ beardless archer seated right on throne wearing kyrbasia and cloak; in right hand, bow, below bow monogram
26; Greek inscription Sellwood ii
Ref: Sellwood 61.7; Shore 337
Rarity: Common
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Artabanus IV (c. A.D. 216 - 224), AR DrachmWeight: 3.89 g
Size: 18 mm
Condition: EF/EF
Minted in Ecbatana
Obv: bust left, medium forked beard, wearing tiara with ear flaps, pellets on stalks on crest, vertical line of pellets on
stalks on side, behind head Pahlavi legend ('rtbnw); border of dots
Rev: archer seated right on throne, holding bow; first line of legend Pahlavi, remainder blundered Greek
Ref: Sellwood 89.1 ; Shore 464
Rarity: R1
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Autonomous Coinage, Elymais, Orodes I, AE DrachmObv: Bust of Orodes I left, with long beard, wearing diad. tiara ornamented with anchor; behind pellet within crescent over anchor
Rev: Bust of Artemis right, wearing kalathos. Retrograde Greek legend
Struck first half of 2nd Century A.D. at Elymais
GICV 5892
Note: Elymais was a small kingdom occupying the hilly region between Babylonia and Persis, maintaining a quasi-independence of its powerful neighbor, the Arsacid Kingdom of Parthia. With the fall of the Arsacids, however, Elymais was conquered by Ardashir and became a province of that prince's new Sassanian Empire. Very little is known of the history and chronology of this kingdom other than the information yielded by the coins themselves. (taken from Sear's GREEK IMPERIAL COINS AND THEIR VALUES)
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Gotarzes II (c. 40-51BC), AR TetradrachmWeight: 14.33 g
Size: 26 mm
Condition: VFVF
Minted in the city of Seleucia in November 50 BC (year 362 of the Seleucian calendar).
Obv: bare-headed bust left with long, somewhat pointed beard; diadem with loop at the top and three
ends. Lock
of hair representing royal wart on forehead; border of dots
Rev: King enthroned right, receiving diadem from Thyche holding cornucopia.
Ref: Sellwood 65.29 ; Shore 362
Rarity: Common
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Hormizd I (270-295 AD), AE DrachmKushanshah Hormizd (Hormazd) I
AE Drachm
270 - 295 AD
Baktrian Mint
Pahlavi legend - AUHRaMaZDI MaLKA
Bearded bust right wearing lion headdress with segmented ball; crescent and two dots behind. Long ribbons flow upward from ball of hair
Pahlavi legend - BWRZ'Y NDY YZTY
Ahura-Mazda rising from altar, holding wreath and trident.
14.8mm
1.91 g
Cribb SI 19, #24 (Bactrian issues); Mitchiner ACW 1280; Gobl Kushan 1071v; Zeymal p.257, T. 30, 31 (rare)
This coin is listed on Zeno as #48442.WindchildPunico
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Hormizd IV (579-590 AD), AR Drachm.AR Drachm of Hormizd IV 579-590 AC.
Weight: 3.1gr
Ø: 32mm
Obv: Bust of Hormizd IV right.
Rev: Fire altar with flames and two attendants.
VF/VF
Ref: GöBL 200 ?
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Hormizd IV 579 - 590 A.D. Silver DrachmPersian Empire. Hormizd IV 579 - 590 A.D. Silver Drachm. King wearing a winged crown with three merlons, three short diadem ties behind, a crescent in front surmounted by star and crescent / two attendants (or guards) flanking a flaming altar inside a triple dotted-border with crescents and stars at 3, 6, 9 and 12 o'clock, (symbolic of the Zoroastrianism).
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Hormizd IV, AR DrachmSasanian Empire, Hormizd IV, 578-590 A.D., AR drachm, 4 gm, Ray, year 6.
OBV: Text, crowned, draped bust right. Crescent moons and stars on border, rare variant with star in right obverse missing.
REV: Text, fire altar with 2 attendants.
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Kavad I 499-531 AC.AR Drachm of Kavad I 499-531 AC.
Weight: 4.2gr
Ø: 29mm
Obv: Bust of Kavad I right.
Rev: Fire altar with flames and two attendants.
VF/VF - toned
Ref: GöBL 183 ?
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Khusro II 590 - 628 A.D. AR Drachms.Sasanian Persia. Khusro II, 590 - 628 A.D. AR Drachms.
Bust right with headdress that breaks beaded borders / fire altar with two attendants.
Gobl II
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Khusru I 531-579 AD.AR Drachm of Khusru I 531-579 AD.
Weight: 2.9gr
Ø: 30mm
Obv: Bust of Khusru right.
Rev: Fire altar with flames and two attendants.
VF/VF
Ref: GöBL 196 ?
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Khusru II, 590-628 AD.AR Drachm of Khusru II 590-628 AD.
Obv: Bust of Khusru II right
Rev: Fire altar with flames and two attendants.
Weight: 4.3gr, Ø: 35mm, Axis: 90º.
Ref: GöBL 208 ?
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Kingdom of Elymais, Kamnaskires-Orodes, Early - Mid 2nd Century A.D., Bronze DrachmGB87423. Bronze drachm, vant Haaff 12.3.1-2A2, e.; SGICV 5910 (Kamnaskires-Orodes III), BMC Arabia p. 268, 74 ff. (Kamnaskires), VF, dark patina with highlighting earthen deposits, weight 3.610g, maximum diameter 16.2mm, die axis 0o, obverse long bearded cuirassed bust facing, large tufts of upward-oriented hair at sides, wearing diademed tiara; to right, pellet inside crescent above anchor; reverse irregular dashesJoe Sermarini
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PARTHIA/PERSIA, Kingdom of Elymais, Kamnaskires-Orodes, Mid 2nd Century A.D., Bronze DrachmGB14570. Bronze drachm, vant Haaff 12.3.1-2A; SGICV 5910 (Kamnaskires-Orodes III); BMC Arabia 28 p. 268, 71 ff. (Orodes II), VF, weight 3.397g, maximum diameter 14.9mm, obverse long bearded diademed bust facing, bunches of hair at sides and on top; to right, pellet inside crescent above anchor with double crossbar; reverse irregular dashesJoe Sermarini
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