| Image search results - "Oxen" |
Denarius Serratus - 81 BC. - Rome mint
C. MARIVS C.f. CAPITO - Gens Maria
Obv.: CAPIT CIIII . Bust of Ceres right, wreathed with corn, symbol (torque) below chin.
Rev.:Plowman with yoke of oxen plowing left, same numeral above. In ex., C MARI C.F. / S C.
Gs. 3,7 mm. 19,2
Crawf. 378/1c, Sear RCV 300, Grueber (symbol torque) 2875.
Maxentius
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2 Augustus RPC 1565AUGUSTUS
Æ of Parium or Philippi, 27 BC-14 AD
AVG, head of Augustus r./ Two colonists ploughing with a pair of oxen right.
RPC 1565 (uncertain, Philippi?); SNG BN 1439.
RI0011 Sosius
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3 Tiberius BerytusTIBERIUS 14-37 AD
Æ 27mm (19.74 g, 12h). Berytus mint.
[TI] • CAESAR • AVGVST • F • IMPERAT • [VII], bare head right / COL • IVL, Pontiff veiled in toga driving yoke of oxen right, plowing pomerium.
RPC I 4543; AUB 39; BMC 68. Near VF
Ex-CNG Sale XXII 9/2/92
RI0049Sosius
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MACEDON, Philippi. Tiberius. AD 14-37. Æ 17mm Joe Geranio Collection- (anyone can use as long as credit is give) MACEDON, Philippi. Tiberius. AD 14-37. Æ 17mm (3.93 g). Laureate head right / Founder standing right, behind two yoked oxen. RPC I 1657.Joe Geranio
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Δ and Six-pointed starCILICIA. Ninica-Claudiopolis. Maximinus I. Æ 28. A.D. 235-238. Obv: IMPCSIVLVERMAXIMINVS. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 2 countermarks: (1) before face, (2) on bust. Rev: NIN-C-CLAV. Colonist ploughing behind two oxen, in background vexillum. Ref: BMC 8. Axis: 360°. Weight: 9.86 g. CM (1): Δ containing dot, all within circle; circular punch, 6 mm. Howgego 669 (49 pcs). Not likely to be a denominational countermark. CM (2): Six-pointed star, incuse, 6 mm from point to point. Howgego 451 (45 pcs). Collection Automan.Automan
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Δ, 6-pointed star and NikeCILICIA. Ninica-Claudiopolis. Maximinus I. Æ 28. A.D. 235-238. Obv: (...MA)XIMINVΓP(A)UTΛ or similar. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; 4 countermarks: (1) before face, (2) on shoulder; (3) before chest, (4) behind neck. Rev: (C)-OLN-(I)NI-CLAUΔ. Colonist ploughing behind two oxen, in background vexillum, star before colonist. Ref: BMC 8 (var. obv. leg.). Axis: 210°. Weight: 10.70 g. CM(1): Six-pointed star, incuse, 6 mm from point to point. Howgego 451 (45 pcs). CM(2): Δ containing dot, all within circle; circular punch, 6 mm. . Howgego 669 (49 pcs). Note: Not likely to be a denominational countermark. CM(3-4): Nike right, in oval punch, c. 5 x 8 mm (not certain!). Howgego 262 (34 pcs). Note:The sequence of application appears to have been (1) Δ in circle (669), (2) six-pointed star (451), and (3) Nike (262). Collection Automan.Automan
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Vespasian. AD 69-79.
Fourrée Denarius (18mm, 2.14 g, 7 h)
Copying a Rome mint issue of AD 77-78.
Laureate head right
Pair of oxen under yoke left
Cf. RIC II 943Ardatirion
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(0198) CARACALLA (perhaps)198-217
AE 28.5 mm; 12.58 g
O: Bust right
R: Founder, plowing right with yoke of oxen; in background; vexillum inscribed [LEG/III/GAL] in three lines; murex shell at lower right.
Phoenicia, Tyre
(This may be Elagabalus or other)laney
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(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
AE 19mm 3.24.g
O: HEAD R
R: TWO FOUNDERS PLOWING WITH TWO OXEN
MACEDON, PHILIPPI OR MYSIA, PARIUMlaney
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(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
AE 17.5 mm max. 4.62 g
O: HEAD R, AVG BEHIND
R: TWO FOUNDERS PLOWING WITH TWO OXEN
MACEDON, PHILIPPI OR MYSIA, PARIUM laney
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(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
AE 23 mm; 8.74 g
O: IMP CAESAR AVGVSTVS, bare head right.
R: COL dot IVL, veiled figure plowing left with two oxen.
Phoenicia, Berytos Mint
cf RPC: 4540, BMC 52, Lindgren I 2252, Rouvier 491. laney
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(02) AUGUSTUS27 BC - 14 AD
Struck 12- 14 AD
AE 24 mm; 9.17 g
O: IMP CAESAR AVGVSTVS bare head right
R: COL IVL founder plowing left with yoke of oxen.
Phoenicia, Berytus; RPC 4540
laney
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(02) AUGUSTUS (Posthumous restoration issue)27 BC - 14 AD
Restoration issue struck during the time of Trajan, 98 - 117 AD
AE 24 mm; 10.25 g
O: [DIVOS] AVGV[STVS], bare headed bust facing right
R: Founder, veiled, plowing to r. with two oxen
Berytus; BMC 62 (scarce)laney
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(02) AUGUSTUS (Posthumous restoration issue)27 BC - 14 AD
Restoration issue struck during the time of Trajan, 98 - 117 AD
AE 25.5 mm; 13.16 g
O: [DIV]OS AVGVSTVS, bare headed bust facing right
R: Founder, veiled, plowing to r. with two oxen
Berytus; BMC 62 (scarce)laney
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(0222) SEVERUS ALEXANDER222 - 235 AD
AE 31 mm 15.02 g
O: laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right;
R: ANTIOXEN MHT KOΛ, Tyche std left, holding grain, river god Orontes swimming below, ram running left above, Δ - E / S - C
Antioch, Syria; BMC 470-472laney
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(11) TITUS69 - 79 AD (as Caesar)
AE 26 mm, 9.2 g
O: Bare head left; c/m (Howgego 243): Astarte standing facing, holding scepter, being crowned by Nike on low column
R: Veiled founder plowing right with two yoked oxen.
Phoenicia, Berytus; RPC 2045laney
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001j1. Octavian Denarius (30-29 BC). Uncertain mint in Italy, possibly Rome. 21mm, 3.39 g. Obv: Laureate head of Apollo of Actium right, with features of Octavian. Rev: IMP CAESAR. Octavian, as city founder and holding whip and plow handle, plowing with yoke of oxen right. RIC² 272. Naumann Auction 114, Lot 643.
lawrence c
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001k2. Marc AntonyPhilippi, Macedonia. 44-30 BC. AE25. 24.9mm, 8.94 g. Obv: AICVP, Bare head of Antony right. Rev: Q PAQVIVS/RVFCD/LEG M in three lines, two above, one in exergue, priest driving yoke of oxen right, plowing pomerium. A FORUM coin.
NOTE: The colony of Philippi was founded in 42 BC by Marc Antony. When Octavian refounded the colony in 30 BC, all of Antony's coinage ceased.
lawrence c
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002a13. AugustusAE17. 17mm, 6.08 g. Philippi (?), Macedonia or Parium. AVG, head right / Two colonists ploughing right with two oxen. BMC (Parium) 86-88. RPC 1656 (for Philippi).lawrence c
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002p Augustus (63 B.C.-14 A.D.), Macedonia, Uncertain Mint, RPC I 1529, AE-19, M FICTORI /M SEPTVMI /II VIR QVIN, Founder with two oxen, Scarce! #1002p Augustus (63 B.C.-14 A.D.), Macedonia, Uncertain Mint, RPC I 1529, AE-19, M FICTORI /M SEPTVMI /II VIR QVIN, Founder with two oxen, Scarce! #1
avers: PA CIS, Head of Pax right.
reverse: M FICTORI /M SEPTVMI /II VIR QVIN, In three-line. Founder plowing right with two yoked oxen.
exeegue: -/-//--, diameter: 18,0-19,0mm, weight: 6,59g, axis:1h,
mint: City: Uncertain mint of Macedonia, Region: Macedonia, Province: Macedonia, date: c.25 B.C.,
Magistrate: M Fictorius (duovir quinquennalis) and M Septimius (duovir quinquennalis).
ref: RPC I 1529 (7 Specimens), BMC 17, AMNG II. 98, No 24,
Q-001quadrans
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002p Augustus (63 B.C.-14 A.D.), Spain, Caesaraugusta, Tarraconensis, RPC I 0322, AE-26, Magistrate: Mn. Kaninius Iter and L. Titius, duoviri, CAESAR AVG MN KANINIO ITER L TITIO / II VIR, Priest plowing right with the yoke of two oxen, #1002p Augustus (63 B.C.-14 A.D.), Spain, Caesaraugusta, Tarraconensis, RPC I 0322, AE-26, Magistrate: Mn. Kaninius Iter and L. Titius, duoviri, CAESAR AVG MN KANINIO ITER L TITIO / II VIR, Priest plowing right with the yoke of two oxen, #1
avers: AVGVSTVS DIVI F, Laureate head right; simpulum to left, lituus to right.
reverse: CAESAR AVG MN KANINIO ITER L TITIO / II VIR, Priest plowing right with yoke of two oxen.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 26,0-27,0 mm, weight: 10,85g, axis:6h,
mint: City: Caesaraugusta, Region: Hispania, Province: Tarraconensis,
Magistrate: L Titius (duovir); Mn Kaninius Iter (duovir),
date: B.C.,
ref: RPC I 0322, SNG Cop 544, Vives 148–1, 2, Hill 14–5, Beltrán 9, NAH 979,
Q-001quadrans
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0053 - Denarius Vespasian 77-8 ACObv/(I)MP CAESAR VESPASIAN(VS AVG), Vespasian head laureate r.
Rev/Yoke of ochsen l., COS VIII in ex.
Ag, 17.5mm, 3.00g
Mint: Rome.
RIC II.1/107 [C] - RCV 2289 - BMCRE 206 - RSC 126
ex-Valencia Coin Fair, 29 feb 2008dafnis
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005a10. ClaudiusBerytus, Phoenicia. 11.85 g; 21.5mm. 41-54 AD. Obv: TI CLAVD CAESAR AVG GERM, bare head left. Rev: COL IVL, Colonist plowing right with yoke of oxen. RPC 4546.lawrence c
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020 Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, Rome, AR-Denarius, -/-//COS VIII, Cow right, #1020 Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, Rome, AR-Denarius, -/-//COS VIII, Cow right, #1
avers: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, Laureate head left.
reverse: COS VIII, Pair of Oxen, under yoke left.
exergue: -/-//COS VIII, diameter: 16,7-17,3mm, weight: 3,32g, axes: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 77-78 A.D., ref: RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, BMC 209, RSC 134a, BNC 185,
Q-001quadrans
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020 Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, Rome, AR-Denarius, -/-//COS VIII, Cow right, #2020 Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, Rome, AR-Denarius, -/-//COS VIII, Cow right, #2
avers: IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, Laureate head left.
reverse: COS VIII, Pair of Oxen, under yoke left.
exergue: -/-//COS VIII, diameter: 16,7-17,6mm, weight: 3,27g, axes: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 77-78 A.D., ref: RIC² 0944, RIC II(1962) 107, BMC 209, RSC 134a, BNC 185,
Q-002quadrans
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027 BC-14 AD - AUGUSTUS AE19 of Philippi obv: AVG (laureate head of Augustus right)
rev: Two colonists plowing with two oxen right
ref: RPC1656, BMC (Parium) 86-88
mint: uncertain mint in Macedon, probably Philippi
Scarceberserker
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027 BC-14 AD - AUGUSTUS AE22 of Berytus obv: IMP.CAES AVGVSTVS (bare head of Augustus right)
rev: COL.IVL (founder plowing with two oxen, left)
ref: BMC 52, RPC 4540,
mint: Berytus
8.45gms, 22mm
Colony Berytus (modern Beirut) in Phoenicia. Augustus sent to it part of the veterans takens from two legions (V Macedonica and VIII Augusta) as a reinforcement to the first military settlers of Julius Caesar.berserker
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030 - Vespasian Denarius - RIC 107Obv:- IMP CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVG, Laureate head right
Rev:- COS VIII in exergue, yoke of oxen left.
Minted in Rome. A.D. 77 - 78
Reference:- BMC 206. RIC II 107. RSC 133a.
Weight 3.36g. 18.88mm.maridvnvm
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030a10. ElagabalusAE 19mm, 4.85 g. Petra, Arabia. IMP M AVR ANTONINVS, laureate draped bust right / PETRA (written PETLA) above, COLON below, founder plowing right with two oxen. SNG ANS 1373-7.lawrence c
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032a10. Maximinus ThraxCILICIA. Ninica-Claudiopolis. Obv: IMP MAXIMINVS PI. Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right; c/m: circumscribed Δ within incuse circle and incuse star of six rays. Rev: COL NINIC CLAVΔ. Colonist plowing right with yoke of oxen; behind, star and vexillum surmounted by eagle standing right. RPC VI online 6910; for c/m: Howgego 669 and 451. 10.42 g., 30 mm. Naumann Auct 118, Lot 488.
lawrence c
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1542 MYSIA, Parium Hadrian Ae 17 OxenReference
RPC III, 1542/13; C SNG 4203; Lindgren A273A
Issue Coins with ethnic (CGIP, then CGIHP)
Obv. HADRIANVS AVG P P
Laureate head of Hadrian, left.
Rev. C G I H P
Founder ploughing with two oxen, right
4.69 gr
17 mm
6hokidoki
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1933-D Oregon Trail Memorial Silver Half DollarUSA, Oregon Trail Memorial Silver Half Dollar, 50 Cents, 1933-D, Oregon Trail Memorial commemorative, Breen 7471, SCWC KM 159, BU, slight strike softness on rear of wagon and pioneer, first commemorative coin struck at mint, edge milled, weight 12.5g (ASW 0.3617oz), composition 0.9 Ag, 0.1 Cu, diameter 30.6mm, thickness 2.15mm, die axis 180°, Denver, CO mint, 1933; obverse UNITED-STATES/OF-AMERICA in two lines across fields, Native American chief standing half-right, nude but for double-trailing eagle-feathered war bonnet, blanket draped over left shoulder, breechcloth and moccasins, holding bow in right hand, with left arm outstretched and hand upraised towards the east, before US map, with miniature Conestoga wagon train heading west along Oregon Trail above left, Hudson Bay visible above right, HALF-DOLLAR arcing below, mint mark D at bottom left behind Indian's moccasined feet, engraved by Laura Gardin Fraser, raised border surrounding; reverse IN GOD WE TRUST arcing above, Conestoga wagon carrying mother and child, drawn by two oxen, led by pioneer, holding staff with left hand over right shoulder, heading west over brow of hill towards large setting nine-rayed sun to left, OREGON TRAIL MEMORIAL/*****/1933 arcing in three lines in exergue, five stars for the Oregon Territory states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming and Montana, JEF/LGF (James Earle Fraser/Laura Gardin Fraser) monograms in two lines to right behind wagon, engraved by James Earle Fraser, raised border surrounding; from the Roger Belmar Collection; ex Baldwin's (8 Sep 2023); ex Sovereign Rarities auction 6 (28 Jun 2022), lot 322; £650.00.Serendipity
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1937-D Oregon Trail Memorial Silver Half DollarUSA, Oregon Trail Memorial Silver Half Dollar, 50 Cents, 1937-D, Oregon Trail Memorial commemorative, Breen 7475, SCWC KM 159, BU, edge milled, weight 12.5g (ASW 0.3617oz), composition 0.9 Ag, 0.1 Cu, diameter 30.6mm, thickness 2.15mm, die axis 180°, Denver, CO mint, 1937; obverse UNITED-STATES/OF-AMERICA in two lines across fields, Native American chief standing half-right, nude but for double-trailing eagle-feathered war bonnet, blanket draped over left shoulder, breechcloth and moccasins, holding bow in right hand, with left arm outstretched and hand upraised towards the east, before US map, with miniature Conestoga wagon train heading west along Oregon Trail above left, Hudson Bay visible above right, HALF-DOLLAR arcing below, mint mark D at bottom left behind Indian's moccasined feet, engraved by Laura Gardin Fraser, raised border surrounding; reverse IN GOD WE TRUST arcing above, Conestoga wagon carrying mother and child, drawn by two oxen, led by pioneer, holding staff with left hand over right shoulder, heading west over brow of hill towards large setting nine-rayed sun to left, OREGON TRAIL MEMORIAL/*****/1937 arcing in three lines in exergue, five stars for the Oregon Territory states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming and Montana, JEF/LGF (James Earle Fraser/Laura Gardin Fraser) monograms in two lines to right behind wagon, engraved by James Earle Fraser, raised border surrounding; from the Roger Belmar Collection; ex Coin Trust (31 Jul 2023), acquired from UK Collection; £215.00.Serendipity
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2 Alexander VII 1690 Testone M16A coin of this type was one of my first papal acquisitions and hooked me on this interesting series. The oxen on the reverse exude power and one can almost see their muscles move as they pull the plow along. The reverse legend translates "restored supply of grain." stlnats
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251Herennius Etruscus 251AD
AE 26mm
Tarsos in Cilicia
Obv: K VIN EPENNIO ETPOVC ΔΕΚION KE
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev: TAPCOV MHTPOΠΟΛΕΩC
Pyramidal monument for Sandan over base decorated by horned animal heads (oxen?) and covered by a round canopy supported by two figures wearing large mantle and Phrygian helmet; above eagle.
SNG France 1781, SNG Righetti 1706mauseus
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3958 SAMARIA Caesarea Maritima. Hadrian AE 28 Hadrian plowingReference.
RPC III, 3958; Kadman 27; De Saulcy 1; BMC 54
Obv. IMP TRA HADRIANO CAES AVG
Laureate and draped (seen from rear) bust of Hadrian, right
Rev. COL I FL AVG in ex. CAESARE[NS]
The emperor, as founder, standing right, plowing with pair of yoked oxen; above, Nike flying left, presenting wreath to emperor.
17.04 gr
28 mm
12 hokidoki
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Alexander III , The Great Drachm Miletos mint.Silver Drachm,
Miletos (near Balat, Turkey) mint, struck under Philoxenos, c. 325 - 323 B.C.
Obverse :head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck.
Reverse: Zeus Aëtophoros seated left on backless throne, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, right leg forward (lifetime style), eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, thunderbolt left, AΛEΞANΔPOY downward behind, ΔΗ monogram under throne.
Price 2088, Müller Alexander 11, SNG Alpha Bank 627.
The Sam Mansourati Collection./Given as a souvenir to a superb dear friend Dr. Joseph Diaz.Sam
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Alexander III The Great Drachm Miletos mint Silver Drachm,
Miletos (near Balat, Turkey) mint, struck under Philoxenos, c. 325 - 323 B.C.
Obverse :head of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck.
Reverse: Zeus Aëtophoros seated left on backless throne, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, right leg forward (lifetime style), eagle in extended right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, thunderbolt left, AΛEΞANΔPOY downward behind, ΔΗ monogram under throne.
Price 2088, Müller Alexander 11, SNG Alpha Bank 627.
The Sam Mansourati Collection./Given as a souvenir to a superb dear friend Dr. Joseph Diaz.Sam
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Alexander III the Great Price-2090AR Drachm 4.27g 17mm
struck under Philoxenos, Miletus Mint, 325-323 B.C.
Obv: Head of Herakles, wearing lion skin headdress, r.
Rev: AΛEΞANΔPOY; Zeus seated left on low throne, holding long scepter in his left hand and eagle standing right with closed wings in his right; to left, monogram.
Price 2090.
Acquired from Leu Numismatik, Web Auction 18, Lot 506, December 19, 2021. ($157)
Following Alexander the Great's conquest of the Achaemenid Empire in 330 B.C. he would use the large silver reserves captured from the recently conquered empire as well as having melted down the Persian silver coinage of the time in order to create his own coins minted to legitimize his reign over the newly established Macedonian Empire. Alexander carefully chose the imagery for which he wanted to portray to his new subjects across the empire like where the reverse of this drachm depicts Zeus seated with his famous iconographic symbol of the Eagle along with Alexander's name in Greek; this is meant to directly tie Alexander as a demi-god and say he is the son of Zeus himself. On the obverse the portrait is said to be of a beardless Hercules with the lionskin cap, but I believe that this is meant to serve a double meaning with the portrait meaning to serve as both the face of Hercules and that of Alexander himself based on what audience may see it. It was culturally unexpectable at this time in Greek culture to depict a living human on coinage rather than gods or mythological creatures, so Alexander was clever enough to disguise himself as Hercules to avoid any scrutiny, but at the same time make the portrait look like himself, so when a Greek looked at the coin they could know that it was Hercules and if a native Persian saw it they would believe it to be of Alexander the Great since the Persians had depicted the portraits of their emperors for years prior to their downfall.
Very fine StyleTrajanus
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ALEXANDER III THE GREAT. 336-323 BCSilver Drachm; Miletos, 325-323 BC. Struck under Philoxenos..
4,05 g. 17 mm.
Obv: Youthful head of Heracles right, wearing lion’s skin.
Rev: AΛEΞANΔPOY; Zeus seated left holding eagle and scepter, monogram in left field.
Price 2090.
_3545 SOLDAntonivs Protti
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ALEXANDER III THE GREAT. 336-323 BCSilver Drachm; Miletos, 325-323 BC. Struck under Philoxenos..
4,05 g. 17 mm.
Obv: Youthful head of Heracles right, wearing lion’s skin.
Rev: AΛEΞANΔPOY; Zeus seated left holding eagle and scepter, monogram in left field.
Price 2090.
_3545 SOLDAntonivs Protti
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Alexander III. Drachm of MiletosKings of Macedon. Alexander III. 336-323 BC. AR Drachm (4.25 gm, 16.5 mm, 12h) of Miletos, struck under Philoxenos, 325-323 BC. Head of Herakles clad in lion skin headdress, r. / Zeus Aëtophoros enthroned l., holding sceptre and eagle. ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, ΔH monogram in l. field. VF. CNG EA 519 #66. Price 2090; Thompson ADM I (Miletus) Series I #55ff (same obv. die #111a); HGC 3.1 #914d; Müller Alexander pl.XI #763 (Incerti); SNG Alpha Bank I #628-632; SNG Berry I #251-252; SNG Cop. 2 (Macedonia) #895; SNG Saroglos 771.Anaximander
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Alexander the GreatPortrait of Alexander the Great done in mosaic that is housed at the Museo Nazionale, Naples, Italy. Dated from the late 2nd century. B.C., copy of a painting dated to c. 300 B.C.
Traditionally this scene reresents the turning-point at Issus when Darius fled the battle; but Philoxenus, the artist from whose painting the mosaic was copied, may have incorporated elements from other battles. Alexander's personal moment of peril seems borrowed from the Granicus, and the confrontation also has echoes of Gaugamela.
This mosaic depicts a battle between Alexander the Great and the Persian king Darius, probably the Battle of the Issus River in November of 333 B.C. It is in opus vermiculatum, with over one and a half million tesserae, none larger than 4 mm., in four colors: white, yellow, red, and black. The minuteness of the tesserae enables incredibly fine detail and painterly effects, including remarkable portraits of Alexander and Darius.
See:http://www.hackneys.com/alex_web/pages/alxphoto.htm
Cleisthenes
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Alexander the Great, The Battle of Issus RiverThis mosaic depicts a battle between Alexander the Great and the Persian king Darius, probably the Battle of the Issus River in November of 333 B.C. It is in opus vermiculatum, with over one and a half million tesserae, none larger than 4 mm., in four colors: white, yellow, red, and black. The minuteness of the tesserae enables incredibly fine detail and painterly effects, including remarkable portraits of Alexander and Darius.
The border of this huge mosaic consists of large stones in a dentate pattern . In the corners are rosettes. Within the border along the bottom of the picture is a blank brown stripe, which some consider to be part of the picture, balancing the white expanse of sky at the top, while others argue that it is simply part of the frame.
The composition of the mosaic is dominated by the two protagonists: On the left, Alexander, with his head uncovered, rushes forward on his horse Bucephalus. He holds a spear with which he has skewered a Persian soldier, who has rushed to the defence of Darius. With Alexander appear his helmeted Macedonian soldiers, although little remains of them due to damage of the left side of the mosaic. On the right Darius, wearing a Persian cap, stretches out his hand to his wounded defender, while his charioteer whips the horses to flee toward the right. Around him are his Persian soldiers who mill in confusion in the background, their faces filled with fear and determination. One Persian, however, to the right of the dying defender of Darius, is intent upon Alexander, and holds his sword in his hand, ready to attack.
There are many details which emphasize the terror and confusion of the battle. The horse of the Persian defender of Darius collapses beneath him while he writhes in agony on Alexander's spear. Below Darius in his chariot, a Persian soldier, staring in horror at this scene, attempts to hold a rearing horse. The hindquarters of this horse project into the middle ground of the picture, giving it a sense of depth. To the right, a soldier is being crushed under the wheels of Darius' chariot. His face is reflected in the shield which he holds. Further to the right appear the terrified horses of the chariot team, trampling upon another unfortunate Persian.
The composition of the mosaic is dominated by diagonals. The center is dominated by the intersecting diagonals of the Persian speared by Alexander and the Persian restraining the rearing horse. Two other sets of intersecting diagonals are provided by the figures of Darius and his charioteer and by Alexander and the wounded Persian. The lances in the background of the picture also carry on the diagonal motif.
The setting of the battle is very stylized. In the background appears a tree with bare twisted limbs whose diagonals continue the unifying compositional motif of the mosaic. The tree also serves as a formal vertical counterweight to the Persian king and his charioteer, who rise above the battle fray. In the foreground are discarded weapons and rocks, which serve to define the space between the viewer and the battle scene.
The Alexander mosaic is thought to be based on a painting which Philoxenus of Eretria created for King Cassander of Macedonia. The painting is described by Pliny the Elder as representing "the battle of Alexander with Darius." Certain inconsistencies in the mosaic point to its derivation from another source. In the center of the composition appears a helmeted head to the right of the rearing horse. Two lance shafts come from the left and abruptly stop behind this he‡d. To the right of the same head appears a head of a horse and beneath this are the hindquarters of another horse, neither of which is logically completed. Among the four horses of Darius' chariot there are parts of a white horse which do not fit together anatomically. Above these horses is a Persian soldier who appears to have two right hands, one on his head and the other raised in the air. These details provide evidence that the mosaicist misunderstood details of the original.
Nevertheless, the overall effect of the mosaic is masterful. The expert blending of the colors of the tesserae and the careful control of the overall composition create a scene which comes to life with all the horror and confusion of battle. The Alexander mosaic is a truly great work, unmatched in the history of Roman art.
See: http://www.hackneys.com/alex_web/pages/alxphoto.htmCleisthenes
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Arabia Petraea, Petra. Elagabalus Æ21IMP C M AVR ANTѠN, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Founder ploughing right with pair of oxen, PETPA above, COLONI in exergue.ancientone
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 90/89 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
29.9 mm 16.4 gm Thompson issue (new) 75
Thompson catalogue: Obs1122/Rev1123 NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark H/Z control ΣTΕ/ΔΑ below
2 magistrates : XENOCLES HARMOXENOS
RF symbol : Roma seated
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 92/1 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
30 mm 16.2 gm Thompson issue (new) 73
Thompson catalogue: Obs1076/Rev Not in plates/NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark Δ control ?? below
2 magistrates : XENOCLES HARMOXENOS
RF symbol : Dolphin & Trident
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm 95/4 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
28 mm 16.8 gm Thompson issue 70
Thompson catalogue: Obs NEW: Rev 1019 (altered) NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark Ζ/Γ control ΣΟ/ΠΕ below
2 magistrates : XENOCLES HARMOXENOS
RF symbol : Coiled Serpent
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm c80/9 BCbs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
29mm 16.04gm Thompson (new) issue 85
Thompson catalogue: IMITATION 1419ba
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora on
which month mark Α control ΔΙ below
2 magistrates : EUMELOS THEOXENID(E)S
RF symbol : Ares
All within a surrounding olive wreathcicerokid
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Athens New Style Tetradrachm c90/9 BCObs : Athena Parthenos right in tri-form helmet
29 mm 16.53 gm Thompson issue (new) 75
Thompson catalogue: IMITATION Obs : 1420 Rev : NEW
Rev : ΑΘΕ ethnic
Owl standing on overturned panathenaic amphora
on which month mark A control ? below
2 magistrates : XENOCLES HARMOXENOS
RF symbol : Aetolia ?
All surrounded by an olive wreathcicerokid
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Augustus CaesarProvincial coin of Augustus. Obverse shows bust of Augustus facing right. Reverse shows two colonists driving an oxen team to the right. Likely minted at Philippi in Macedon from 27 BCE to 14 CE. Purchased via FORVM auction. Received December 7, 2022.Adrian H
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Augustus or Sosius Syria ObverseObv: PRINCEPS FELIX ; Bare head of Sosius, rt.
Rev: COLONIA IVLIA ILVR ; Two monograms to the left, yoke of two humped oxen
38-34 BC
RPC 4083 ; SNG Levante 597
jimbomar
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Augustus or Sosius Syria ReverseObv: PRINCEPS FELIX ; Bare head of Sosius, rt.
Rev: COLONIA IVLIA ILVR ; Two monograms to the left, yoke of two humped oxen
38- 34 BC
RPC 4083 ; SNG Levante 597
jimbomar
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Augustus PhilippiMacedon, Philippi. Augustus, 27 BC-AD. AE (18mm, 5.25g). AVG, bare head right / Two priests plowing with oxen right. RPC 1656; SNG Cop 282. Ajax
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Baktria, PhiloxenosPhiloxenos. 125-110 BC. AR Tetradrachm (9.97 gm, 25mm, 12h). Draped & diademed bust of Philoxenos r. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΙΚΗΤΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΟΥ. / Diademed, helmeted, and cuirassed king prancing on horseback r. Monograms Σ below and \ inside ⊟ to its r. Karosthi legend Maharajasa apadihatasa Philasinasa (of Great King Philoxenos the Unconquered). EF. Bt. Coral Gables, 2000. Bopearachchi Série 3H #2; MIG Type 338g; HGC 12 #267; Sear Greek 7663; SNG ANS 9 #1164. Anaximander
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Baktria, PhiloxenosPhiloxenos. 125-110 BC. Square AE Hemiobol (9.10 gm, 19mm, 12h) of Pushkalavati. City goddess Tyche stdg l., holding cornucopia, gesturing a benediction. Monogram ⲧ inside ⎹🝔⎸ to lower l. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΙΚΗΤΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΘΕΝΟΣ. / Humped Zebu bull standing r. Monogram below. Karosti legend Maharajasa apadihatsa Philasinasa (of Great King Philoxenos the Unconquered). EF. Triton III #712. Bopearachchi Série 10F #23-24; BMC 13; MIG Type 344d; HGC 12 #274; Sear Greek 7666; SNG ANS 9 #1205-1208; SNG Cop 7 (Parthia-India) #355.Anaximander
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BCC RGP1 Hadrian Akko-PtolemaisRoman Provincial
Akko-Ptolemais
Hadrian 117-138 C.E.
Obv:IMP TRA HADRIANO CAES[ARI]
Laureated, draped bust right
Rev: DIVOS CLAV[D] COL PTOL
Founder plowing to right with oxen and standards.
AE20.5x22mm. 11.18gm. Axis:0
Rosenberger 48, Hendin 3, 819v.
Surface find, Caesarea Maritima, 1976.v-drome
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BCC RGP51 Elagabalus Arabia-Petra Roman Provincial
Arabia-Petra
Elagabalus
Obv: [IMP C M AVR ANTONINVS]
Laureate, draped bust right.
Rev:PETRA, above, COLONI, below.
Founder plowing with two oxen.
AE20 5.3gm. Axis:30
Possible ref: SNG ANS 1373, Rosenberger 35v-drome
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BITHYNIA, KIOS AR HemidrachmOBVERSE: Laureate head of Apollo right
REVERSE: ΓPOΞ – ENOΣ; Ship’s prow left, ornamented with star
Proxenos, magistrate
Struck at Kios 350-300 BC
2.4g, 15mm
SNG Cop 373
Ex JAZ NumismaticsLegatus
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bmc394Elagabalus
Tyre, Phoenicia
Obv: IMP CAES MAV AN[TONINVS], laureate draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from rear.
Rev: SEPTIM TVRO →COLO, Founder plowing right with 2 oxen, standard in background inscribed LEG/III/GAL, murex shell in right field.
29 mm, 17.95 gms
BMC 394Charles M
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bmc394_2Elagabalus
Tyre, Phoenicia
Obv: IMP CAES MAV ANTONINVS, laureate draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from front.
Rev: SEPTIM TVRO →COLO, Founder plowing right with 2 oxen, standard in background inscribed LEG/III/GAL, murex shell in right field.
26 mm, 8.69 gms
BMC 394Charles M
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bmc394_3Elagabalus
Tyre, Phoenicia
Obv: [IMP] CAES MAV ANTO[NINVS], laureate draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: SEPTIM TVRO →COLO, Founder plowing right with 2 oxen, standard in background inscribed LEG/III/GAL, murex shell in right field.
25 mm, 9.85 gms
BMC 394Charles M
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Bronze coin of TiberiusRoman bronze coin of Tiberius, minted in Philippi Macedonia around 37AD. 16 mm, 2.79 g.
Obverse: TI AVG, bare head of Tiberius right
Reverse: Two priests ploughing right with yoke of oxen
Attribution: Like RPC I 1657 but underweightchuy1530
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BULL (Oxen), L. Cassius CaeicinusL. Cassius Caeicinus (or Caecianus), 102 BC. Dr. bust of Ceres l., wreathed with corn, CAEICIAN (AN in monogram) and control-letter behid. Rev.: Yoke of oxen l., control-letter above, L CASSI in ex.
Tanit
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C. Marius C.f. Capito - AR denarius serratus²Praeneste / ¹Rome
²82 BC / ¹81 BC
draped bust of Ceres with corn wreath right
controlmark to the right: running horse
CAPIT.CXXXV
ploughman conducting yoke of two oxen
CXXXV
C·MARI·C·F / S·C
¹Crawford 378/1c, SRCV I 300, Sydenham 744b, RSC I Maria 9
²Mark Passehl - Roman moneyer & coin type chronology, 150 – 50 BC
4,06g 18mm
ex AureaJ. B.
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C. Marius C.f. Capito - Maria-9ROMAN REPUBLIC, C. Marius C.f. Capito. 81 B.C. AR Serrate Denarius (3.86 g, 19.5 mm). CAPIT • XXXXI behind draped bust of Ceres right, wreathed in corn, symbol below chin. / Plowman steering yoke of oxen left, XXXXI above; C • MARCI • C • F / SC in ex. Crawford 378/1c; Sydenham 744b; RSC Maria 9; RCV 300Bud Stewart
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C. Marius C.f. Capito, DenariusC. Marius C.f. Capito
RRC 378/1a
81 bc
Av: Draped bust of Ceres right, head bound with corn-wreath; behind, CAPIT. LV; below chin, star.
Rv: Ploughman with a yoke of oxen left; above, LV; in exergue, C. MARI. C.F/SC.
This Marius - certainly not THE Marius nor anyone closely connected - minted during the dictatorship of Sulla.
The design may well show the founding of a colony.
Ex ArtemideAste, Antiquities 4, 19/20.03.2016, # 105Norbert
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C.MARIUS C.f. CAPITOAR denarius. 81 BC. 3.75 gr. Draped bust of Ceres right,head bound with corn wreath. CAPIT CXXXXI behind,symbol before. / Plowman with yoke of oxen left. CXXXXI above; C.MARI.C.F./SC in exergue.
RSC Maria 9; Craw. 378/1c.
I & L Goldberg 2002. Ex Lejeune collection.
benito
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C.MARIUS C.f. CAPITOAR denarius. 81 BC. 3,83 grs. Draped bust of Ceres right,head bound with corn-wreath. C MARI C F CAPIT XXVIII / Husbandman left ploughing with yoke of oxen. XXVIII above. SC and grasshopper in exergue.
Craw. 378/1b. RSC Maria 8.
benito
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C.MARIUS C.f. CAPITOAR denarius. 81 BC. 3,83 grs. Draped bust of Ceres right,head bound with corn-wreath. C MARI C F CAPIT XXVIII / Husbandman left ploughing with yoke of oxen. XXVIII above. SC and grasshopper in exergue.
Craw. 378/1b. RSC Maria 8.
benito
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C.MARIUS C.f. CAPITOAR denarius. 81 BC. 3.75 gr. Draped bust of Ceres right,head bound with corn wreath. CAPIT CXXXXI behind,symbol (jellyfish) before. / Plowman with yoke of oxen left. CXXXXI above; C.MARI.C.F./SC in exergue. Border of dots.
RSC Maria 9; Craw. 378/1c.
I & L Goldberg 2002. Ex Lejeune collection.
benito
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caesarea068-1Elagabalus
Caesarea, Samaria
Obv: IM C M AVR ANTON[INVS]. Laureate draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: COL I F AV /PFL above, CAESAR in exergue. Founder plowing right behind two oxen, victory flying left to crown him.
21 mm, 8.60 gms
Sofaer 74 variant (bust type)Charles M
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CapricornMACEDON. Philippi. Tiberius. Æ 18 (Semis). A.D. 14-37. Obv: TI.AVG. Bare head right; countermark on neck. Rev: Two colonists ploughing right with two oxen. Ref: BMC 89-91 (MYSIA. Parium). Axis: 360°. Weight: 4.27 g. CM: Capricorn, right (?), in circular punch, 4 mm. Howgego 301v (?). Note: The application of the capricorn, a standard type of Parium (Mysia) to which the host coin was traditionally attributed, may have indicated a devaluation of the coin. Collection Automan.Automan
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CapricornMACEDON. Philippi. Tiberius. Æ 17 (Semis). A.D. 14-37. Obv: TI.AVG. Bare head right; countermark on neck. Rev: Two colonists ploughing right with two oxen. Ref: BMC 89-91 (MYSIA. Parium). Axis: 360°. Weight: 4.91 g. CM: Capricorn right, in rectangular punch, 5 x 3-3.5 mm. Howgego 302 (2 pcs). Note: The application of the capricorn, a standard type of Parium (Mysia) to which the host coin was traditionally attributed, may have indicated a devaluation of the coin. Collection Automan.Automan
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caracallamysiaparium001Caracalla
Parium, Mysia
Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS, laureate draped and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: C G I H →P A, Founder plowing right with 2 oxen.
14 mm, 1.64 grams
SNG France 1498; SNG Cop 293.Charles M
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Cilicia, Ninica ClaudiopolisCilicia, Ninica Claudiopolis. Trajan. A.D. 98-117. AE 21 (21 mm, 3.82 g). IMP NER TRAI CAES AVG GE DA (or similar, mostly illegible), laureate head of Trajan right, slight drapery on left shoulder / [COL IV AVG F]EL NINIC // [CLA]V, yoke of oxen left, vexillum behind. RPC IV online 3224; SNG von Aulock 5767. Good Fine, green patina with much lighter deposits in recesses and fields - somewhat weakly struck losing much legend. ecoli
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Cilicia, Ninica-Claudiopolis, AE16. OxenMarcus Aurelius, Cilicia, Ninica-Claudiopolis, AE16. 16mm, 3.2g. Obverse: laureate head right. Reverse: oxen. SNG France 2, 783. Ex areich, photo credit areichPodiceps
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Commodus, RIC 560, Sestertius of AD 190 (Ploughing)Æ Sestertius (16,57g, Ø 30mm, 7h). Rome mint. Struck AD 190.
Ob.: M COMMOD ANT P FE-LIX AVG BRIT P P, laureate head right
Rev.: COL LAN COM PM TR P XV IMP VIII (around) COS VI (in ex.) S C, Commodus, veiled, as priest, ploughing right with two oxen.
RIC 560; BMC 643; Cohen 39(60fr.); Sear (RCV) 5737
This is a very rare type, found occasionally as Æ-As, but extremely rare as a sestertius. It probably refers to the refounding of Lanuvium, the birthplace of Commodus and the place where he displayed his skills as Hercules by killing lions in the arena.
There has been speculation about the meaning of the first part of the reverse legend COLLANCOM. The traditional expansion of this legend is based on Eckhel (1796), reading the legend as COLonia Lucia ANtoniana COMmodiana, in order to try to relate it to the refounding of Rome. This was followed by Cohen and many other references. The British Museum and RIC expand it slightly differently: "The depiction of the ritual ploughing of the furrow marking out a new foundation refers to Commodus' refounding of Rome as COLonia Lucia ANnia COMmodiana."
Curtis Clay in Forum's discussion board, points to a powerful objection of this interpretation: "Since Commodus still calls himself Marcus on the obverse and was not to switch his praenomen back to Lucius until 191, a year later, why, on the reverse, does he name Rome Lucia and not Marcia?
Chantraine in 1971, following a suggestion of Renier in 1872, proposed what seems to be the solution to the problem: the legend is to be expanded COLonia LANuvina COMmodiana and commemorates Commodus' elevation of his birthplace Lanuvium, which had been a municipium, to the rank of colony.
Commodus did refound Rome too, and this deed is commemorated on very rare mediallions, sestertii, and dupondii struck late in 192, just before his assassination on 31 december. These coins have the same rev. type of emperor plowing, but the legend HERCuli ROMano CONDITORI P M TR P XVIII COS VII P P, 'To the Roman Hercules, the Founder'."
ex cgb.fr (2014).
Charles S
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Commodus, RIC 570, As of AD 190 (emperor ploughing)Æ As (8,48g, Ø24mm, 6h). Rome, AD 190.
Obv.: M COMM ANT P FELIX AVG [BRIT P P], laureate head right.
Rev.: COL LAN [COM P M TR P XV IMP VIII] around, COS VI / SC in ex., Commodus, veiled and togate, as priest, ploughing right with yoke of two oxen.
RIC 570 (R2); Cohen 40 (20 fr.); RCV 5856
Ex Naville Numismatics Live Auction 16, July 2015
Issued to mark the elevation of Commodus' birthplace Lanuvium from municipium to the rank of colony: COLonia LANuvina COMmodiana.Charles S
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Commodus, RIC 570, As of AD 190 (refounding Lanuvium)Æ As (11,21g, Ø 27mmmm, 6h). Rome, AD 190.
Obv.: M COMM ANT P FELIX AVG BRIT P P, laureate head right.
Rev.: COL LAN COM P M TR P XV IMP VIII around COS VI ex. SC field, Commodus, veiled and togate, as priest, ploughing right with yoke of two oxen..
RIC 570 [R2]; BMCRE 659; Cohen 40 (20 fr.); Sear (Roman Coins and their Values) 5856.
Expanding the reverse legend to COLonia LANuvina COMmodiana, this issue commemorates Commodus' elevation of his birthplace Lanuvium from municipium to the rank of colony.
Ex José A. Herrero, Subasta Num. Mayo 15.Charles S
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Cr 321/1 AR Denarius L. Cassius Caecianus 102 BCE Rome mint
o: Draped bust of Ceres left, wearing wreath of grain ears; A[•] to upper right
r: Two yoked oxen pulling plow left; X• above
(17mm, 3.96 g, 6h)
Crawford 321/1; Sydenham 594; Cassia 4; RBW 1176 var. (controls)PMah
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Cr 378/1c - Maria 9 Fouree DenariusROMAN REPUBLIC
AR Fouree Denarius (2.9g), 81 BC
C Marius C f Capito, Moneyer.
CAPIT and numeral, bust of Ceres right, wreathed with corn, symbol below chin / Plowman with yoke of oxen plowing l., numeral above, C MARI C Fi below, SC in ex.
Maria 9, Syd 744b, Cr378/1c.
RR0020Sosius
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Demeter, Bull, Indo-greekObv: Goddess (Demeter?) standing left, holding cornucopia, legend in Greek around "Basileos Aniketou Philoxenou" (Of the Invincible King, Philoxenos).
Rev: BAΣIΛEΩΣ / ANIKHTOY / ΦIΛOΧENOY Humped bull (zebu) standing right, legend in Kharoshthi around "Maharajasa apadihatasa Philasinasa" (same as Greek legend)
Ae Square Unit (Hemi-obol?)
Indo-Greek Kingdom. Philoxenos
100-95 BCDaniel J
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Elagabalus Oxen Plowing PetraElagabalus, Petra, Arabia, 218 - 222 AD, 22mm, 5g, SNG Cop 150, Spijkerman 56,
REV: IMP C M AVP ANTONINOC, laureate draped bust right
OBV: PETΛA COLONIA, founder, togate, right hand raised, ploughing right with pair of oxen
SRukke
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Elagabalus, 16 May 218 - 11 March 222 A.D., Petra, Provincia ArabiaBronze AE 20,
4.47g, 17.7mm, 270°, Petra mint,
Obv.: [IMP C] M AVP ANT[ONINOC], laureate draped bust right
Rev.: PETLA COLONI A, founder, togate, right hand raised, ploughing right with pair of oxen
Spijkerman 56
ex FORVMareich
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Elagabalus, Petra, Two bullsElagabalus, AE18, Petra, Arabia, 218-222AD. 18 mm, 5.8 g. Obverse: IMP S M AYR ANTONINOS, laureate draped bust right. Reverse: PET“L”A COLONI A, founder, togate, right hand raised, plowing right with pair of oxen. Spijkerman 56. ex Jerome HoldermanPodiceps
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Elagabalus, Sp-56Arabia Petraea mint, Elagabalus, 218-222 A.D. AE Sp-56, Ros-35.
O: IMP M AVR ANTONINVS, Laureate bust right.
R: PETRA COL, Founder plows to right with two oxen.
casata137ec
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GAIUS "Caligula" (14-37 AD), AE as, Caesaraugusta, SpainObverse- C CAESAR AVG GERMANICVS IMP, laureate head of Caligula left.
Reverse- C C A LICINIANO ET GERMANICO, II VIR in exergue, two bulls, led by man behind.
RPC 371, 11.12 g, 26 mm.
aVF with brown and black patina, a few old scratches.
Ex-Hellenika Ancient Numismatics, July 2012, through VCoins store.
Comments: Most Caligula portrait coins available under $500 seem to be the VESTA-reverse bronzes. I had a decent one of those in my previous collection, but didn't want another unless it was nicer than my old one, and finding one I liked within my budget proved difficult. Then I spotted this provincial, with a more interesting design and a much friendlier price (under $200), so I bought it. Yes, it has some old scratches, but I can live with those. I thought it had a lot of "meat" on it for the price. The seller had speculated as to whether the scratch on the portrait represented a damnatio attempt, but I don't think so- to my mind, a damnatio would have involved much more deliberate and vicious damage.
lordmarcovan
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Hadrian 117-138 A.D. Caesarea Maritima mint 30mmHadrian 117-138 A.D. Caesarea Maritima mint 31mm
O:Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right
R: Hadrian, as priest-founder, plowing with team of oxen right; above, Nike flying left. Kadman, Caesarea, 27; Hendin 836; SNG ANS 766. Maritima
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HPA (monogram of)MACEDON. Philippi. Tiberius. Æ 17. A.D. 14-37. Obv: TIâ–ª(AVG). Bare head right. Rev: Two colonists (or priests) ploughing right with two oxen; countermark. Ref: BMC 89-91 (Mysia: Parium); RPC 1657; Axis: 330°. Weight: 4.09 g. CM: Monogram of HPA, in rectangular punch, 7 x 3 mm. Howgego -. Note: The countermark may possibly refer to a city by the name Heracleia, of which there was one in Bithynia, Caria and Macedon. Collection Automan.Automan
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