| Image search results - "IT," |
Germany. Weimar Republic. 1919- 1933. Aluminum 500 Mark 1923-A. EINIGKEIT UND RECHT UND FREIHEIT, Eagle, star below / DEUTSCHES REICH 500 MARK 1923 A.
KM 36
|
|
Here is an example of a cabinet showing three different available styles of trays for storage. At the top is a standard round recess type tray....very traditional.
In the middle is an open format tray for displaying items "free form", or for items of unusual sizes/shapes such as large medals, military decorations or pocket watches.
On the bottom is a new offering; a drawer for slabs. Each drawer can hold 30 slabs from any of the three major slabbing firms; PCGS, NCG, or ANACS. Other commercial, or "DIY" slabs should also fit, provided they are no larger than any from the "big three" firms.
www.CabinetsByCraig.netcmcdon0923
|
|
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D.
Copper as, RIC II-1 336, BMCRE II 616, BnF III 595, Cohen I 632, Hunter I 119, SRCV I -, Choice VF, superb portrait, well centered on a tight flan, green patina with bare metal high points, scattered porosity, Rome mint, weight 11.694g, maximum diameter 26.9mm, die axis 180o, 71 A.D.; obverse IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG COS III, laureate head right; reverse VICTORIA NAVALIS (the naval victory), Victory standing right on a galley prow, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond over left shoulder in left hand, S - C (senatus consulto) flanking low across field; from an Israeli collection, Ex Forum paul1888
|
|
Otacilia Severa, Augusta, February or March 244 - September or October 249 A.D.
|Otacilia| |Severa|, |Otacilia| |Severa,| |Augusta,| |February| |or| |March| |244| |-| |September| |or| |October| |249| |A.D.|, From the issue celebrating the 1000th anniversary of the founding of Rome. Celebrations included display of many exotic animals including, it seems, a hippopotamus.
RS76152. Silver antoninianus, RIC IV P116b, RSC IV 63, Hunter III 10, SRCV III 9160, Choice EF, near perfect centering and strike, much luster, excellent portrait, 4th officina, Rome mint, weight 4.040g, maximum diameter 22.6mm, die axis 180o, 248 A.D.; obverse OTACIL SEVERA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges, plait up the back of head, crescent behind shoulders; reverse SAECVLARES AVGG (Secular games [provided by] the Emperors), hippopotamus standing right, IIII (4th officina) in exergue; Ex Forum Ancient Coinspaul1888
|
|
Vespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D.
SH110254. Silver denarius, RIC II-1 1431; RSC II 276; RPC II 833; BnF III 351; BMCRE II 457, SRCV I 2270, Choice EF, well centered, excellent portrait, light toning, slight double strike, 3.326g, 18.3mm, 180o, Ephesus mint, IMP CAESAR VESPAS AVG COS III TR P P P, laureate head right; reverse PACI AVGVSTAE, Victory advancing right, wreath in extended right hand, palm frond over left shoulder in left hand, EPHE (PHE ligate) lower right; ex Inasta (San Marino) auction 100 (24 Jun 2022), lot 212 Ex: Forum Ancient Coins.
Ephesus peaked during the 1st and 2nd century A.D. when it was second in importance and size only to Rome, with a population estimated at 400,000 to 500,000 in 100 A.D. The city was famous for the Temple of Artemis, the Library of Celsus, and its theater, seating 25,000 spectators. Ephesus also had several large bath complexes and one of the most advanced aqueduct systems in the ancient world. Water powered numerous mills, one of which has been identified as a sawmill for marble. The city and temple were destroyed by the Goths in 263 A.D., marking the decline of the city's splendor.paul1888
|
|
Metapontum, Lucania, c. 340 - 330 B.C.
|Italy|, |Metapontum,| |Lucania,| |c.| |340| |-| |330| |B.C.|, NEWLeukippos (or Leucippus) was a son of king Oinomaos of Pisa. He fell in love with the nymph Daphne and disguised himself as a girl to join her company. When she discovered his true identity in the bath, he was slain by the nymphs. Based on this portrait, his plan was doomed from the start.
Another Leukippos, unrelated to the coin, was a philosopher in the first half of 5th century B.C. This Leukippos was the first Greek to develop the theory of atomism; the idea that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms. His theory was elaborated in far greater detail by his pupil and successor, Democritus. Leukippos was born in Miletus or Abdera.
GS110591. Silver nomos, Johnson-Noe B3.15 (same dies); SNG Fitzwilliam 497 (same); Historia Numorum Italy 1576; SNG ANS 443, VF, fine style, toned, areas weakly struck, irregularly shaped flan, Metapontion (Metaponto, Italy) mint, weight 7.812g, maximum diameter 22.5mm, die axis 315o, c. 340 - 330 B.C.; obverse ΛEYKIΠΠOΣ (clockwise from above), head of Leucippus right, bearded, wearing Corinthian helmet with a plain bowl, dog (control symbol) seated left behind; reverse barley ear, stalk and leaf on right, bird with open wings on leaf, META upward on left, AMI below leaf; from the CEB Collection, Ex: Numismatic Fine Arts, Inc, Summer Bid Sale, June 27, 1986, lot 45.paul1888
|
|
Philip I the Arab, February 244 - Late September249 A.D., Seleucia ad Calycadnum, Cilicia. Orichalcum medallion, cf. RPC VIII U2169; SNG Levante 778; SNG BnF 1040; SNG Righetti 1630; SNG Pfalz 1078; BMC Cilicia p. 140, 50 (various legend arrangements), VF, broad flan, portrait, dark brown patina, light encrustation, a few small pits, marks, Seleukeia ad Calycadnum (Silifke, Turkey) mint, weight 34.823g, maximum diameter 40.0mm, die axis 180o, obverse AYT K M IOYΛIOC ΦIΛIΠΠOC CEB, radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind; reverse CEΛEYKEΩN TΩN ΠPOCT, confronted busts of Tyche, right, draped, kalathos on head, cornucopia behind, and Apollo, left, laureate and draped, laurel branch before, KAΛYK/A∆N/Ω in three lines above, EΛEYΘEP/AC in two lines below; 40 millimeterspaul1888
|
|
JUSTINIAN I, AR Anonymous Half-Siliqua, struck c.530 at ConstantinopleObverse: No legend. Helmeted and draped bust of Constantinopolis facing right.
Reverse: Large K (Kappa) within pelleted circle.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 0.7gms | Die Axis: 12
Bendall, Anonymous, 8c. | Vagi 3051
Not in SBCV or DOC
The issue of this particular coin has been tentatively dated, based on style, to around 530 and struck in connection with the bicentennial of the founding of Constantinople.
According to the late Simon Bendall, type 8c is the commonest of all the anonymous types, the majority being quite crude, very light and obviously of sixth century date.
These issues are a copy of a type issued by Constantine I for the foundation of Constantinople in 330, but with the bust of Constantinopolis facing right rather than facing left as it did on Constantine's coin. There seems little doubt that the type was originally resuscitated by Justinian I on the anniversary of the 330 issue, presumably c.530. However, as the overall type is commoner than any sixth century silver coin bearing an imperial portrait, and is of varying degenerative styles and weights (the smallest specimens being the crudest) it would appear that some numbers of them must have continued to have been struck after 530, perhaps even as much as 50 or so years after. A number of theories have been put forward regarding the dating of these but, due to the scant archaeological, epigraphical and hoard evidence presently available, the exact date or dates of issue of individual coins of this type has so far proved to be inconclusive.
*Alex
|
|
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Catuvellauni, AE Unit, Struck c.25BC – 10CE at Verlamion (St. Albans) under TasciovanusObverse: Bearded head facing right; VER anti-clockwise in front.
Reverse: Horse with sea horse tail facing left; pellet in ring, and trefoil motif above; VER below.
Diameter: 15.2mm | Weight: 1.97gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: 243 | BMC 1714-21 | ABC 2658
RARE
CATUVELLAUNI
The Catuvellauni were an Iron Age Celtic tribe in Britain before the Roman conquest, attested by inscriptions into the 4th century. They are mentioned by Cassius Dio, who implies that they led the resistance against the conquest in 43CE. They appear as one of the “Civitates” of Roman Britain in Ptolemy's “Geography” in the 2nd century, occupying the town of Verlamion (Roman Verulamium, modern St.Albans) and the surrounding areas of Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and southern Cambridgeshire. Their territory was bordered to the north by the Iceni and Corieltauvi, to the east by the Trinovantes, to the west by the Dobunni and to the south by the Atrebates, Regni and Cantii.
TASCIOVANUS
Tasciovanus appears to have become king of the Catuvellauni around 20 BC, before the Roman conquest of Britain. Ruling from Verlamion (St.Albans), for a brief period around 15–10 BC, he issued coins from Camulodunum (Colchester), apparently supplanting Addedomarus of the Trinovantes, but it appears that following the arrival of Augustus in Gaul he withdrew and again issued his coins from Verlamion.
Tasciovanus was the first Catuvellaunian king to issue inscribed coins, bearing “VER”, mint marks for Verlamion. He was also the first to renew hostilities towards the Trinovantes, flouting the long-standing agreement between Caesar and his own grandfather Cassivellaunus.
Tasciovanus died around AD 9 and was succeeded by his son Cunobelinus, who ruled primarily from Camulodunum.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
*Alex
|
|
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Dobunni, AR Unit, uninscribed seriesObverse: Degraded Celtic “Moon Head” facing right, pellets/symbols in front.
Reverse: Celticised triple tailed horse galloping left; cross above, pellets around.
Diameter: 13.0mm | Weight: 0.67gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: 377 | ABC 2024
RARE
THE DOBUNNI
The Dobunni were one of the few Iron Age tribes which issued coins before the arrival of the Romans. Their territory covered an area that today broadly coincides with the English counties of Bristol, Gloucestershire and the north of Somerset, although at times their territory may have extended into parts of what are now Herefordshire, Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire, and Warwickshire.
Remnants of several hillforts thought to have been occupied by the Dobunni can be seen in the Bristol area at Maes Knoll, Clifton Down, Burwalls and Stokeleigh, all overlooking the Avon Gorge, as well as at Kingsweston Down and Blaise Castle.
Unlike their neighbours, such as the Silures in what later became south-east Wales, the Dobunni were not a warlike people, being primarily a large group of farmers and craftspeople living in small villages. They submitted to the Romans even before they reached their territory, and after the Roman conquest they readily adopted a Romano-British lifestyle. The Romans gave the Dobunni capital the name of Corinium Dobunnorum, which is known as Cirencester today.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 BC – 10 CE in Camulodunum(?) in Essex under DubnovellaunusObverse: Head facing right, hair(?) lines on head divided by clear centre parting.
Reverse: Horse prancing left; complex pellets and circles above and below.
Diameter: 13.5mm | Weight: 1.61gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: -- | BMC -- | ABC 2413
VERY RARE
Very rare uninscribed bronze unit of Dubnovellaunus found in Essex. The type is designated as a “Dubnovellaunus Centre Parting” bronze unit in ABC (Ancient British Coins), and to date (January, 2023) it is unlisted in any other major reference works.
DUBNOVELLAUNUS
It is generally thought that Dubnovellaunus succeeded his father Addedomarus as king of the Trinovantes somewhere around 10-5 BC and ruled for several years before being supplanted by Cunobelinus of the Catuvellauni.
In the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, a British king called Dumnovellaunus appears, alongside Tincomarus of the Atrebates, as a supplicant to Augustus in around AD 7 and, given the chronology, it is indeed possible that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes is the same person as the Dumnovellaunus who presented himself to Augustus. The spelling variation is due to a Celtic, rather than a Latin, interpretation of the ruler's name.
It is worth mentioning that the authors of ABC (Ancient British Coins) also think that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes could possibly be the same individual as the Dumnovellaunus who ruled in Kent in the 30s - 20s BC, they suggest that he could have been a Cantian king who later gained control over the southern part of the Trinovantes and that therefore he might have ruled both territories north and south of the Thames estuary for a few years. It should be noted however, that Van Arsdell, an authority on the Celtic Coinage of Britain, emphatically disputes this.
TRINOVANTES
The Trinovantes were one of the Iron Age Celtic tribes of Pre-Roman Britain. Their territory was on the north side of the Thames estuary in the present day counties of Essex, Hertfordshire and Suffolk, and also included lands now located in Greater London. They were bordered to the north by the Iceni, and to the west by the Catuvellauni. Their capital was Camulodunum (modern Colchester).
Shortly before Julius Caesar's invasion of Britain in 55 and 54 BC, the Trinovantes were considered the most powerful tribe in Britain. At this time their capital was probably at Braughing (in modern-day Hertfordshire). In some copies of Caesar's Gallic War their king is referred to as Imanuentius, although no name is given in other copies which have come down to us. That said however, it seems that this king was overthrown by Cassivellaunus, king of the Catuvellauni, some time before Caesar's second expedition and that Imanuentius' son, Mandubracius, fled to the protection of Caesar in Gaul. During his second expedition Caesar defeated Cassivellaunus and restored Mandubracius to the kingship. Cassivellaunus agreed to pay tribute and also undertook not to attack him again.
The next identifiable king of the Trinovantes, known from numismatic evidence, was Addedomarus, who took power around 20 – 15 BCE, and moved the tribe's capital to Camulodunum. For a brief period, around 10 BCE, Tasciovanus of the Catuvellauni issued coins from Camulodunum, suggesting that he must have conquered the Trinovantes, but he was soon forced to withdraw, perhaps as a result of pressure from the Romans. Addedomarus was restored and Tasciovanus' later coins no longer bear the mark “REX”. Addedomarus was briefly succeeded by his son Dubnovellaunus, around 10 to 5 BCE, but a few years later the tribe was conquered by either Tasciovanus or his son Cunobelinus.
The Trinovantes do not appear in history again until their participation in Boudica's revolt against the Romans in 60 CE. After that though they seem to have embraced the Romanisation of Britain and their name was later given to one of the “civitates” of Roman Britain, whose chief town was Caesaromagus (modern Chelmsford in Essex).
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
*Alex
|
|
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribes: Catuvellauni and Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 - 40 at Verlamion under CunobelinusObverse: CVNO - BELIN. Bare head facing left.
Reverse: TASCIO. Metal worker, wielding hammer, seated facing right.
Diameter: 15mm | Weight: 2.24gms | Axis: 3h
Spink: 342 | ABC: 2969 | Van Arsdell 2097
CUNOBELINUS
Cunobelinus was a king in Iron Age Britain from about 9 CE until about 40 CE. He is mentioned by the Roman historians Suetonius and Dio Cassius, and many coins bearing his inscription have been found. Cunobelinus controlled a substantial portion of south-eastern Britain, including the territories of the Catuvellauni and the Trinovantes, and is called “Britannorum rex" (King of the Britons) by Suetonius. He appears to have been recognized by the Roman emperor Augustus as a client king, shown by the use of the Latin title Rex on some of his coins.
Numismatic evidence appears to indicate that Cunobelinus took power around AD 9 after the death of his father Tasciovanus, minting coins from both Camulodunum, capital of the Trinovantes and Verlamion (Roman Verulamium), capital of the Catuvellauni. Some of the Verulamium coins name him as the son of Tasciovanus, a previous king of the Catuvellauni. Cunobelinus' earliest issues are, however, from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first, and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. It is possible that he was emboldened to act against the Trinovantes, whose independence was protected by a treaty they made with Julius Caesar in 54 BC, because problems in Germania severely affected Augustus' ability to defend allies in Britain.
Cunobelinus, however, appears to have maintained quite good relations with the Roman Empire, he used classical motifs on his coins and his reign also saw an increase in trade with the continent. Archaeological evidence shows an increase in imported luxury goods, including wine and drinking vessels from Italy, olive oil and “garum” (fish sauce) from Spain, as well as glassware, jewellery, and tableware from the wider continent, all of which, from their distribution, appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum. Rome's lucrative trade with Britain was also reported by Strabo, according to him the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves and hunting dogs. It seems likely that Cunobelinus was one of the British kings, mentioned by Strabo, who sent embassies to Augustus.
Cunobelinus died about 40, probably within a year of that date, as he was certainly dead by 43.
Traditionally it has been suggested that the “Lexden Tumulus” on the outskirts of Colchester was Cunobelinus' tomb, but without evidence confirming that, it is also possible that the tomb was built for the earlier Trinovantian king, Addedomarus. Interestingly there is a second tumulus, though this one is not so well known, 665m to the northwest of the Lexden burial mound, on a grassy area in the middle of a modern housing estate. This tumulus, known as ‘The Mount’, probably dates from around the same time as the well-known one at Fitzwalter Road, Lexden.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
Philip II, 359 - 336 BC. AE18. Struck after 356 BC at an uncertain mint in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Young male head, usually identified as Apollo, with hair bound in a taenia, facing left.
Reverse: ΦIΛIΠΠOY, Naked rider on horse prancing left, uncertain control mark, often described as the head of a lion, beneath the horse. The control mark looks a bit like the ram on the prow of a galley to me, but that is just my personal opinion.
Diameter: 17.4mm | Weight: 6.9gms | Die Axis: 12
SNG ANS 872 - 874
The bronze series of this type is extensive and differentiated principally by the different control marks. These control marks are symbols and letters which generally appear on the reverse, very occasionally the obverse, of the coin, and they were used to identify the officials responsible for a particular issue of coinage.
Philip II won the horseback race at the 106th Olympics in 356 BC, and it is thought that the horseman on the reverse of this coin commemorates that event.
Philip II of Macedon was King of Macedon from 359 until his death in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III Arrhidaeus. In 357 BC, Philip married Olympias, who was the daughter of the king of the Molossians. Alexander was born in 356 BC, the same year as Philip's horse won at the Olympic Games.
Only Greeks were allowed to participate in the Olympic Games, and Philip was determined to convince his Athenian opposition that he was indeed worthy to be considered Greek. And, after successfully uniting Macedonia and Thessaly, Philip could legitimately participate in the Olympics. In 365 BC Philip entered his horse into the keles, a horseback race in the 106th Olympics, and won. He proceeded to win two more times, winning the four horse chariot race in the 352 BC 107th Olympics and the two horse chariot race in the 348 BC 108th Olympics. These were great victories for Philip because not only had he been admitted officially into the Olympic Games but he had also won, solidifying his standing as a true Greek.
The conquest and political consolidation of most of Greece during Philip's reign was achieved in part by the creation of the Macedonian phalanx which gave him an enormous advantage on the battlefield. After defeating Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC Philip II established the League of Corinth, a federation of Greek states, with him at it's head, with the intention of invading the Persian empire. In 336 BC he sent an army of 10,000 men into Asia Minor to make preparations for the invasion by freeing the Greeks living on the western coast and islands from Persian rule. All went well until the news arrived that Philip had been assassinated. The Macedonians were demoralized by Philip's death and were subsequently defeated by Persian forces near Magnesia.
Philip II was murdered in October 336 BC, at Aegae, the ancient capital of the Macedonian kingdom, while he was entering into the town's theatre. He was assassinated by Pausanius, one of his own bodyguards, who was himself slain by three of Philip's other bodyguards. The reasons for Philip's assassination are not now fully known, with many modern historians saying that, on the face of it, none of the ancient accounts which have come down to us appear to be credible.*Alex
|
|
Philip II, 359 - 336 BC. AE18. Struck after 356 BC at an uncertain mint in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Young male head, usually identified as Apollo, with hair bound in a taenia, facing left.
Reverse: ΦIΛIΠΠOY, Naked rider on horse prancing right, forepart of bull butting right control mark (helmet?) beneath the horse.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 6.95gms | Die Axis: 9
GCV: 6699 | Forrer/Weber: 2068
The bronze series of this type is extensive and differentiated principally by the different control marks. These control marks are symbols and letters which generally appear on the reverse, very occasionally the obverse, of the coin, and they were used to identify the officials responsible for a particular issue of coinage.
Philip II won the horseback race at the 106th Olympics in 356 BC, and it is thought that the horseman on the reverse of this coin commemorates this event.
Philip II of Macedon was King of Macedon from 359 until his death in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III Arrhidaeus. In 357 BC, Philip married Olympias, who was the daughter of the king of the Molossians. Alexander was born in 356 BC, the same year as Philip's horse won at the Olympic Games.
The conquest and political consolidation of most of Greece during Philip's reign was achieved in part by the creation of the Macedonian phalanx which gave him an enormous advantage on the battlefield. After defeating Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC Philip II established the League of Corinth, a federation of Greek states, with him at it's head, with the intention of invading the Persian empire. In 336 BC, Philip II sent an army of 10,000 men into Asia Minor to make preparations for the invasion by freeing the Greeks living on the western coast and islands from Persian rule. All went well until the news arrived that Philip had been assassinated. The Macedonians were demoralized by Philip's death and were subsequently defeated by Persian forces near Magnesia.
Philip II was murdered in October 336 BC, at Aegae, the ancient capital of the Macedonian kingdom, while he was entering into the town's theatre. He was assassinated by Pausanius, one of his own bodyguards, who was himself slain by three of Philip's other bodyguards. The reasons for Philip's assassination are not now fully known, with many modern historians saying that, on the face of it, none of the ancient accounts which have come down to us appear to be credible.*Alex
|
|
Philip II, 359 - 336. AE18. Struck after 356 BC at an uncertain mint in Macedonia Obverse: No legend. Young male head, usually identified as Apollo, with hair bound in a taenia, facing right.
Reverse: ΦIΛIΠΠOY, Naked rider on horse prancing right, retrograde E control mark beneath the horse.
Diameter: 17.16mm | Weight: 6.09gms | Die Axis: 12
SNG ANS 919 - 920
The bronze series of this type is extensive and differentiated principally by the different control marks. These control marks are symbols and letters which generally appear on the reverse, very occasionally the obverse, of the coin, and they were used to identify the officials responsible for a particular issue of coinage.
Philip II won the horseback race at the 106th Olympics in 356 BC, and it is thought that the horseman on the reverse of this coin commemorates this event.
Philip II of Macedon was King of Macedon from 359 until his death in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III Arrhidaeus. In 357 BC, Philip married Olympias, who was the daughter of the king of the Molossians. Alexander was born in 356 BC, the same year as Philip's horse won at the Olympic Games.
The conquest and political consolidation of most of Greece during Philip's reign was achieved in part by the creation of the Macedonian phalanx which gave him an enormous advantage on the battlefield. After defeating Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC Philip II established the League of Corinth, a federation of Greek states, with him at it's head, with the intention of invading the Persian empire. In 336 BC, Philip II sent an army of 10,000 men into Asia Minor to make preparations for the invasion by freeing the Greeks living on the western coast and islands from Persian rule. All went well until the news arrived that Philip had been assassinated. The Macedonians were demoralized by Philip's death and were subsequently defeated by Persian forces near Magnesia.
Philip II was murdered in October 336 BC, at Aegae, the ancient capital of the Macedonian kingdom, while he was entering into the town's theatre. He was assassinated by Pausanius, one of his own bodyguards, who was himself slain by three of Philip's other bodyguards. The reasons for Philip's assassination are not now fully known, with many modern historians saying that, on the face of it, none of the ancient accounts which have come down to us appear to be credible.*Alex
|
|
Philip II, 359 - 336. AE18. Struck after 356 BC at an uncertain mint in MacedoniaObverse: No legend. Young male head, usually identified as Apollo, with hair bound in a taenia, facing right.
Reverse: ΦIΛIΠΠOY, Naked rider on horse prancing left, spearhead control mark beneath the horse.
Diameter: 18.00mm | Weight: 6.00gms | Die Axis: 12
SNG ANS 850 | Mionnet I: 750
The bronze series of this type is extensive and differentiated principally by the different control marks. These control marks are symbols and letters which generally appear on the reverse, very occasionally the obverse, of the coin, and they were used to identify the officials responsible for a particular issue of coinage.
Philip II won the horseback race at the 106th Olympics in 356 BC, and it is thought that the horseman on the reverse of this coin commemorates this event.
Philip II of Macedon was King of Macedon from 359 until his death in 336 BC. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III Arrhidaeus. In 357 BC, Philip married Olympias, who was the daughter of the king of the Molossians. Alexander was born in 356 BC, the same year as Philip's horse won at the Olympic Games.
The conquest and political consolidation of most of Greece during Philip's reign was achieved in part by the creation of the Macedonian phalanx which gave him an enormous advantage on the battlefield. After defeating Athens and Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC Philip II established the League of Corinth, a federation of Greek states, with him at it's head, with the intention of invading the Persian empire. In 336 BC, Philip II sent an army of 10,000 men into Asia Minor to make preparations for the invasion by freeing the Greeks living on the western coast and islands from Persian rule. All went well until the news arrived that Philip had been assassinated. The Macedonians were demoralized by Philip's death and were subsequently defeated by Persian forces near Magnesia.
Philip II was murdered in October 336 BC, at Aegae, the ancient capital of the Macedonian kingdom, while he was entering into the town's theatre. He was assassinated by Pausanius, one of his own bodyguards, who was himself slain by three of Philip's other bodyguards. The reasons for Philip's assassination are not now fully known, with many modern historians saying that, on the face of it, none of the ancient accounts which have come down to us appear to be credible.*Alex
|
|
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Atrebates, AR Unit, Struck c.25 -35 under EpaticcusObverse: EPATI. Head of Hercules, wearing lionskin headdress with paws tied before neck, facing right; pellet in ring behind.
Reverse: No legend. Eagle standing facing, head left, on serpent; dot in circle at upper right.
Diameter: 12mm | Weight: 1.1gms | Axis: 10 |
Spink: 356
Coin found in Hampshire, England. Old repair
EPATICCUS
Epaticcus was a son of Tasciovanus, and probably the younger brother of Cunobelin, he was also apparently a favoured uncle of Caratacus. It is from his coinage issues that we know his name and his family relationship.
The distribution of his coinage would indicate that Epaticcus expanded the territory of his tribe at the expense of the Atrebatean king Verica, and installed himself at the latter's capital, Calleva around 25 CE.
It is likely that Epaticcus was permitted to govern the area by his brother as part of the Catuvellaunian hegemony that was expanding across south eastern Britain at the time. Epaticcus continued to take Verica’s lands to west and south until his death, probably on campaign, around 35 CE. After this his expansionist policies were continued by his nephews, Caratacus and Togodumnus, into the late 30’s CE.
ATREBATES
The Atrebates were a Belgic Iron Age tribe originally dwelling in the Artois region of Northern France.
After the tribes of Gallia Belgic were defeated by Caesar in 57 BC, 4,000 Atrebates participated in the Battle of Alesia in 53, led by their chief Commius.
Before 54 BC, an offshoot of the Gallic tribe probably settled in Britain where it was successively ruled by kings Commius, Tincommius, Eppillus and Verica. Their territory comprised modern Hampshire, West Sussex and Berkshire, centred on the capital Calleva Atrebatum (modern Silchester). They were bordered to the north by the Dobunni and Catuvellauni; to the east by the Regni; and to the south by the Belgae.
The settlement of the Atrebates in Britain does not seem to have been a mass population movement and it is possible that the name "Atrebates", as with many "tribal" names in this period, referred only to the ruling house or dynasty and not to an ethnic group.
After the Roman conquest the Atrebates' lands were organized into the civitates of the Atrebates, Regni and possibly, the Belgae.
CLICK ON MAP BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
*Alex
|
|
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Iceni, AR Unit, Struck c.60 - 61 under Boudica (Boadicea)Obverse: No legend. Abstract Celtic style head with slit for eye and no ear facing right. Three pellets below head, branch emblem behind neck.
Reverse: No legend. Celtic style horse facing right, lozenge-shaped box with pellets on outer corners below horse. Section of large elaborate wheel-like object above horse, pellet below horse's tail.
Class: Icenian O
Diameter: 14mm | Weight: 0.9gms | Axis: 10
Spink: 434
The first known recorded example of this coin was made by William Stukely, an English antiquarian whose ideas influenced various antiquaries throughout the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Stukeley published over twenty books on archaeology and other subjects during his lifetime and he is regarded as an important forerunner of archaeology for his emphasis on methodically measuring and documenting ancient sites. He died of a stroke in early 1765.
The theory that this coinage was connected with Boudica was originally reported in 1987 and this was endorsed by R D Van Arsdell, an authority on the Celtic coinage of Britain, as Boudican in the 1990's. At the time though this was disputed by many in the numismatic community, some of whom continued to rely on older studies that lumped all "Face-Horse" coins together in a group dating before 20 CE.
However, John Talbot of the University of Oxford carried out research on these issues and, as his die-link and hoard work gradually progressed through the 1990's into the early twenty-first century, these coins were confirmed to be the final coinage of the Iceni. As Talbot's findings were only gradually revealed over a period of time, the accepted dating used in some dealer catalogues did not always keep up with the latest information. During his studies, Talbot discovered that coins from several die sets are only found in the Boudican Rebellion hoards. He also confirmed that these coins were struck in abnormally great numbers for any Icenian issue. But, because he was not certain that this was enough evidence to date the coins to 61 CE. he suggested only that they could have been struck any time after the Claudian Invasion of 43 CE.
Considering though that some die sets are known only from the Boudican Rebellion hoards, that it is still the case that these coins appear in uncirculated condition in the hoards, and that to date none of these coins have been found from secure contexts earlier than the time of the Boudican rebellion, it would appear that the 1987 report was essentially correct and these coins must have been struck nearer to the date of the Boudican Rebellion than earlier, possibly in connection with the financing of that rebellion. The conclusion now is that these coins can, with some confidence, be attributed to Boudica.
THE ICENI
The Iceni were a tribe located in eastern Britain during the Iron Age and the early Roman era. Their territory was bordered by the Corieltauvi to the west, and the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes to the south. In the Roman period, their capital was Venta Icenorum at modern-day Caistor St Edmund.
Julius Caesar did not mention the Iceni in his account of his invasions of Britain in 55 and 54 BC, though they may have been related to the Cenimagni, whom Caesar notes as living north of the River Thames at that time. The Iceni were a significant power in eastern Britain during Claudius I's conquest of Britain in AD 43, in which they allied with Rome. Increasing Roman influence on their affairs led to a revolt in AD 47, though they remained nominally independent under king Prasutagus up until his death around AD 60. Roman encroachment after Prasutagus' death led his wife Boudica to launch a major revolt from 60–61. Boudica's uprising seriously endangered Roman rule in Britain and resulted in the burning of Londinium and other cities. The Romans finally crushed the rebellion, and the Iceni were eventually incorporated into the Roman province.
Archaeological evidence of the Iceni includes torcs, which are heavy rings of gold, silver or electrum worn around the neck and shoulders. The Iceni began producing coins around 10 BC. Their coins were a distinctive adaptation of the Gallo-Belgic "face/horse" design, and in some early issues, most numerous near Norwich, the horse was replaced with a boar. Some coins are inscribed ECENI, making them the only coin-producing group to use their tribal name on coins. The earliest personal name to appear on coins is Antedios (about 10 BC), and other abbreviated names like AESU and SAEMU followed. The name of Prasutagus also appears on some coins as PRASTO.
QUEEN BOUDICA
Queen Boudica was married to Prasutagus, ruler of the Iceni people of East Anglia. When the Romans conquered southern England in AD 43, they allowed Prasutagus to continue to rule. However, when Prasutagus died he left a will dividing his lands between the Roman emperor and his family. The Romans decided to rule the Iceni directly and confiscated all the king's property. When this was contested they are said to have stripped and flogged Boudica and raped her daughters. These actions exacerbated the widespread resentment at Roman rule.
In 60 or 61 AD, while the Roman governor Gaius Suetonius Paullinus was leading a campaign in North Wales, the Iceni rebelled, other tribes joined them, and Boudica led a major uprising against the occupying Roman forces.
Boudica's warriors defeated the Roman Ninth Legion and destroyed the then capital of Roman Britain, Camulodunum (Colchester). They then went on to destroy Londinium (London) and Verulamium (St Albans) killing thousands in the process. Finally, Boudica was defeated by a Roman army led by Paulinus. A great number of her army were killed and, though Boudica's fate is unknown, she is alleged to have either died in battle or poisoned herself to avoid capture. The site of the battle which brought an end to her uprising is also unknown.
The photograph below is of the Victorian statue of Boudica (Boadicea) situated on the Thames embankment in London.
CLICK ON THE IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE THEM
  *Alex
|
|
15 HadrianHADRIAN
BI tetradrachm, Alexandria mint, 11.1g, 25.1mm
29 Aug 125 - 28 Aug 126 A.D.
ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ ΤΡΑΙ Α∆ΡΙΑ CΕΒ, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right, wearing aegis, from behind / L ∆Ε KATOV (year 10), Canopus jar of Osiris, ornamented with figures, wearing crown of horns, uraei disk, and plumes
Kampmann-Ganschow 32.351; Geissen 903; Dattari 1326; Milne 1154; BMC Alexandria p. 75, 630; Emmett 827
Choice gVF
Purchased from FORVM
Note that at some point in this coin's history, it seems to have been used a host for very poor quality fakes. After discussion on the FORVM board, I am comfortable that this coin is indeed the original. Shame on the former owner that used it for copies!
During the mummification process, large organs, such as the liver, lungs, stomach and intestines were extracted and placed in four jars. In the Ptolemaic period, the Greeks called these jars "canopic jars," relating them to the deity of the old city Canop (now a village in Abu Kyr). The heart was left in the body because it held the spirit, understanding and senses and would be needed on the Day of Judgment in the underworld. -- FORVM
RI0073Sosius
|
|
177 - 192, COMMODUS, AE Sestertius, Struck 185 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: M COMMODVS ANTON AVG PIVS BRIT, laureate head of Commodus facing right.
Reverse: P M TR P X IMP VII COS IIII P P. Draped figure of Victory, seated on pile of shields, facing right, holding a long stylus in her right hand and supporting a shield on her left knee with her left hand; S – C in field; VICT BRIT in exergue.
Diameter: 29.5mm | Weight: 20.12gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC III: 452 | SRCV: 5826 | Cohen: 946 | BMCRE: 560 | SPINK: 648
SCARCE
This sestertius has a historically important reverse type which refers to Commodus' significant military campaign in Northern Britain.
COMMODUS
Between 180 AD and 184 AD, the Romans were once again at war with the northern tribes in Britain. According to Cassius Dio, “the tribes in that island, crossing the wall that separated them from the Roman legions, proceeded to do much mischief and cut down a general together with his troops”. Though Dio does not make it clear to us today which wall he was writing about, his Roman audience would have known. However, that said, since Southern Scotland was still occupied by the Romans at this time and the Maetae, one of the main tribes involved in the incursion, occupied a hill fort (called Myot Hill today) a few miles north of Antonine's Wall, the wall that seems to best fit his description of separating the tribes from the Roman legions would be the Antonine Wall rather than that of Hadrian. This was the most serious war of Commodus’ reign and when the war was won, Commodus minted coins to celebrate the victory. He also took on the title “Britannicus”, and all his coins after this date feature “Brit” in the legend.
CLICK ON THE IMAGE OF COMMODUS BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory standing right, holding palm branch in her right hand and placing uninscribed shield on palm tree with her left.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 2.83gms | Die Axis: 7h
RIC IV: 336 | RSC: 730 | SRCV: 6384 | SPINK: 651A
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
CLICK ON IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE THEM
 
*Alex
|
|
195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory seated on shield facing left, holding another shield resting on her knee in her right hand and palm branch in her left.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 2.35gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC IV: 335 | RSC: 731 | SRCV: 6385 | SPINK: 651C
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
CLICK ON IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE THEM
*Alex
|
|
195 - 211, SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, AR Denarius, Struck 210 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT. Laureate head of Septimius Severus facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory advancing right, holding wreath in her outstretched right hand and palm branch in her left.
Diameter: 19mm | Weight: 3.5gms | Die Axis: 6h
RIC IV: 332 | RSC: 727 | SRCV: 6382 | SPINK: 650
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the success of the Roman campaigns in Scotland during 209 and 210 culminating in the death of Severus at York, England, in February 211.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS
Lucius Septimius Severus was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna in the Roman province of Africa.
Severus seized power after the death of the emperor Pertinax in 193 (the Year of the Five Emperors).
After consolidating his rule over the western provinces, Severus waged a brief, successful war in the east against the Parthian Empire, sacked their capital Ctesiphon, expanded the eastern frontier to the Tigris and enlarged and fortified the Limes Arabicus in Arabia Petraea. In 202, he campaigned in Africa and Mauretania against the Garamantes, captured their capital Garama and expanded the Limes Tripolitanus along the southern desert frontier of the empire. In 198 he raised his elder son Caracalla to Augustus and in 209 did the same to his younger son, Geta.
In AD 209 Severus invaded Caledonia (modern Scotland) with an army of 50,000 men, but he fell fatally ill of an infectious disease in late 210 and died at Eboracum (York, England) early in 211.
SEVERUS' CAMPAIGNS IN BRITAIN
In 208 Septimius Severus travelled to Britain with the intention of conquering Caledonia (Scotland). Modern archaeological discoveries have helped to throw some light on the scope and direction of this northern campaign.
Severus began by occupying the territory up to the Antonine Wall, this is evidenced by extensive Severan era fortifications and the likely reoccupation of some of the forts on that wall. Over the previous years Hadrian's Wall had fallen into disrepair and Severus strengthened and repaired much of it, he did this to such an extent that many early Antiquarians thought that he was the emperor who had actually built it. Severus constructed a 165-acre (67 ha) camp south of the Antonine Wall at Trimontium, probably assembling the main body of his forces there. Severus then thrust north across the Antonine Wall into Caledonian territory, supported and supplied by a strong naval force. He retraced the steps of Agricola of over a century before, rebuilding many abandoned Roman forts along the east coast, and he re-garrisoned the naval base at Carpow, likely built by Commodus in 185, and possibly the place named as "Horrea Classis" or "Poreo Classis" in the Ravenna Cosmography.
By 210 Severus' campaigning had made significant gains, despite Caledonian guerrilla tactics and purportedly heavy Roman casualties.
According to Cassius Dio: “Severus did not desist until he approached the extremity of the island. Here he observed most accurately the variation of the sun's motion and the length of the days and the nights in summer and winter respectively. Having thus been conveyed through practically the whole of the hostile country (for he actually was conveyed in a covered litter most of the way, on account of his infirmity), he returned to the friendly portion, after he had forced the Britons to come to terms, on the condition that they should abandon a large part of their territory.”
The Caledonians had sued for peace, which Severus had granted on the condition that they relinquished control of the Central Lowlands of Scotland, but later that year (210), they, along with the Maeatae, revolted. Severus prepared for another campaign, now intent on exterminating the Caledonians. However the campaign was cut short when Severus fell ill and withdrew south to Eboracum (York) where he died on 4 February 211. Severus was succeeded by his sons, Caracalla and Geta. Caracalla continued campaigning in Caledonia during 212 but soon settled for peace, and shortly after that the frontier was withdrawn south to Hadrian's Wall.
On his death, Severus was deified by the Senate and his remains were buried in the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome.
CLICK ON IMAGES BELOW TO ENLARGE THEM
*Alex
|
|
198 - 217, CARACALLA, AE As, Struck 211 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of Caracalla facing right, drapery on left shoulder.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRITTANNICAE. Draped figure of Victory standing facing right, left foot on helmet, inscribing shield hung on a palm; S – C across field.
Diameter: 26mm | Weight: 10.9gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC IV: 522b | Cohen: 636 | Cf.SRCV: 7015 | SPINK: 661
Rough surfaces
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the victories achieved by the Romans in Scotland during the campaigns led jointly by Septimius Severus and his eldest son Caracalla in 209, and by Caracalla alone the following year during his father's illness.
CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
 *Alex
|
|
198 - 217, CARACALLA, AR Denarius, Struck 210 – 213 at Rome, alluding to BritanniaObverse: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, Laureate head of Caracalla facing right.
Reverse: VICTORIAE BRIT. Victory advancing right, carrying trophy in both hands.
Diameter: 18.85mm | Weight: 2.76gms | Die Axis: 12h
RIC IV: 231A | RSC: 629 | SRCV: 6900 | SPINK: 658A
SCARCE
This coin commemorates the victories achieved by the Romans in Scotland during the campaigns led jointly by Septimius Severus and his eldest son Caracalla in 209, and by Caracalla alone the following year during his father's illness.
CLICK ON IMAGE BELOW TO ENLARGE IT
*Alex
|
|
25 CaracallaCARACALLA
AR Denarius, 210-213 AD.
ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right / MARTI PACATORI, Mars standing front, head left, holding olive-branch, reversed spear & shield
Sear 6818, RIC 222, RSC 149, BMC 81 VFSosius
|
|
65 Constantine ICONSTANTINE I
AE Follis, Siscia Mint
Struck 320 AD
O: CONST-ANTINVS AVG, Helmeted cuirassed bust r.
R: VIRTVS-EXERCIT, Standard inscribed VOT/XX, captives seated to r. and l. below, S in l. field, F/HL in r. field, BSIS* in ex.
RIC VII Siscia 120 (R3), VF, earthen highlights
Sosius
|
|
C POBLICIUS Q F. 80 BCHelmeted bust of Roma right / Hercules strangling the Nemean lion; bow and quiver at left; club below. Cr. 380/1.
POBLICIA, a plebian family, but of consular rank. Its cognomen on coins is Malleolus. There are fifteen varieties, all of silver, on some of which a small hammer or mallett is engraved, evidently alluding to the surname Malleolus.
The first of Heracles' twelve labours, set by King Eurystheus (his cousin) was to slay the Nemean lion.
According to one version of the myth, the Nemean lion took women as hostages to its lair in a cave near Nemea, luring warriors from nearby towns to save the damsel in distress. After entering the cave, the warrior would see the woman (usually feigning injury) and rush to her side. Once he was close, the woman would turn into a lion and kill the warrior, devouring his remains and giving the bones to Hades.
Heracles wandered the area until he came to the town of Cleonae. There he met a boy who said that if Heracles slew the Nemean lion and returned alive within 30 days, the town would sacrifice a lion to Zeus; but if he did not return within 30 days or he died, the boy would sacrifice himself to Zeus.[3] Another version claims that he met Molorchos, a shepherd who had lost his son to the lion, saying that if he came back within 30 days, a ram would be sacrificed to Zeus. If he did not return within 30 days, it would be sacrificed to the dead Heracles as a mourning offering.
While searching for the lion, Heracles fetched some arrows to use against it, not knowing that its golden fur was impenetrable; when he found and shot the lion and firing at it with his bow, he discovered the fur's protective property when the arrow bounced harmlessly off the creature's thigh. After some time, Heracles made the lion return to his cave. The cave had two entrances, one of which Heracles blocked; he then entered the other. In those dark and close quarters, Heracles stunned the beast with his club and, using his immense strength, strangled it to death. During the fight the lion bit off one of his fingers. Others say that he shot arrows at it, eventually shooting it in the unarmoured mouth.
After slaying the lion, he tried to skin it with a knife from his belt, but failed. He then tried sharpening the knife with a stone and even tried with the stone itself. Finally, Athena, noticing the hero's plight, told Heracles to use one of the lion's own claws to skin the pelt.
When he returned on the thirtieth day carrying the carcass of the lion on his shoulders, King Eurystheus was amazed and terrified. Eurystheus forbade him ever again to enter the city; in future he was to display the fruits of his labours outside the city gates. Eurystheus warned him that the tasks set for him would become increasingly difficult. He then sent Heracles off to complete his next quest, which was to destroy the Lernaean hydra.
The Nemean lion's coat was impervious to the elements and all but the most powerful weapons. Others say that Heracles' armour was, in fact, the hide of the lion of Cithaeron.ecoli
|
|
Commodus, Caesar, RIC 546cf, Augustus 179-192 CE.Commodus bronze AE Sestertius
Obverse: M COMMODVS ANT P FELIX AVG BRIT, laureate head right.
Reverse: MINER VIC TR P VIII COS V DES VIS C, Minerva standing left, trophy behind.
26.6 mm, 15.7 g.
Sold 5-2018NORMAN K
|
|
Gallic 1.5 AureolusAUREOLUS
Rebel general, in name of Postumus
AE Antoninianus, Milan Mint
IMP POSTVMVS AVG, Radiate, draped bust r. / VIRTVS EQVIT, Virtus walking right, carrying spear and shield, T in exergue
RIC V-II Milan 388,;de Witte 363; Sear (1988) 3135Sosius
|
|
Gallic 1.5 AureolusAUREOLUS
Rebel general, in name of Postumus
AE Antoninianus, Milan Mint
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, Radiate bust r. / FIDES EQVIT, Fides seated left, holding patera and standard
RIC V-II Milan 377Sosius
|
|
Gallic 3 Marius, May - August or September 269 A.D.Bronze antoninianus, Schulzki AGK 8a, Mairat 238, SRCV III 11123, RIC V 17, aEF, rev a bit weak, 2.822g, 19.5mm, 180o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne) mint, 2nd emission; obverse IMP C M AVR MARIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICT-O-R-IA AVG, Victory standing left, wreath in right, palm frond in left; nice portrait, nice dark sea-green patina, slightly irregular flan; scarce
Purchased from FORVMSosius
|
|
Macedonian Kingdom, Philip II, Father of Alexander the Great 359-336 BCEBronze AE Unit, SNG ANS 934, nice VF, Macedonian mint, 6.328g,
17.4mm, 0°, c. 359 - 336 B.C.E.
Obverse: head Apollo right wearing taenia.
Reverse: ΦIΛIΠΠOΥ, young male rider
atop horse prancing to right, LO monogram below.
18.0 mm, 7.01 g.
Philip II expanded the size and influence of the Macedonian Kingdom,
but is perhaps best known as the father of Alexander the Great.
He personally selected the design of his coins.NORMAN K
|
|
(0177) COMMODUS177 - 192 AD
AE 19 mm 4.00 g
O: AY M AY[P KOMMO]DOC laureate, draped bust right
R: FILIPPOPOLEITWN, Tripod altar with coiling serpent around it, head emerging at the top
Ref: Moushmov Philippopolis 5224
laney
|
|
(504c) Roman Republic, L. Cassius Longinus, 63 B.C.Silver denarius, Crawford 413/1, RSC I Cassia 10, SRCV I 364, aVF, struck with worn dies, Rome mint, weight 3.867g, maximum diameter 20.3mm, die axis 0o, c. 63 B.C. Obverse: veiled bust of Vesta left, kylix behind, L before; Reverse: LONGIN III V, voter standing left, dropping tablet inscribed V into a cista.
The reverse of this Longinus denarius captures a fascinating moment when a Roman citizen casts his ballot. "The abbreviation III V [ir] indentifies Longinus as one of the three annually appointed mintmasters (officially called tres viri aere argento auro flando feriundo). A citizen is seen casting his vote into the urn. On the ballot is the letter 'U', short for uti rogas, a conventional formula indicating assent to a motion. The picture alludes to the law, requested by an ancestor of the mintmaster, which introduced the secret ballot in most proceedings of the popular court" (Meier, Christian. Caesar, a Biography. Berlin: Severin and Siedler, 1982. Plate 6).
The date that this denarius was struck possesses unique significance for another reason. Marcus Tullius Cicero (politician, philosopher, orator, humanist) was elected consul for the year 63 BC -- the first man elected consul who had no consular ancestors in more than 30 years. A "new man," Cicero was not the descendant of a "patrician" family, nor was his family wealthy (although Cicero married "well"). Cicero literally made himself the man he was by the power of the words he spoke and the way in which he spoke them. A witness to and major player during the decline of the Roman Republic, Cicero was murdered in 43 BC by thugs working for Marc Antony. But Cicero proved impossible to efface.
Cicero's words became part of the bed rock of later Roman education. As Peter Heather notes, every educated young man in the late Roman Empire studied "a small number of literary texts under the guidance of an expert in language and literary interpretation, the grammarian. This occupied the individual for seven or more years from about the age of eight, and concentrated on just four authors: Vergil, Cicero, Sallust and Terence" (Heather, Peter. The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. 17).
Plutarch: Cicero's Death
But in the meantime the assassins were come with a band of soldiers, Herennius, a centurion, and Popillius, a tribune, whom Cicero had formerly defended when prosecuted for the murder of his father. Finding the doors shut, they broke them open, and Cicero not appearing, and those within saying they knew not where he was, it is stated that a youth, who had been educated by Cicero in the liberal arts and sciences, an emancipated slave of his brother Quintus, Philologus by name, informed the tribune that the litter was on its way to the sea through the close and shady walks. The tribune, taking a few with him, ran to the place where he was to come out. And Cicero, perceiving Herennius running in the walks, commanded his servants to set down the litter; and stroking his chin, as he used to do, with his left hand, he looked steadfastly upon his murderers, his person covered with dust, his beard and hair untrimmed, and his face worn with his troubles. So that the greatest part of those that stood by covered their faces whilst Herennius slew him. And thus was he murdered, stretching forth his neck out of the litter, being now in his sixty-fourth year. Herennius cut off his head, and, by Antony's command, his hands also, by which his Philippics were written; for so Cicero styled those orations he wrote against Antony, and so they are called to this day.
When these members of Cicero were brought to Rome, Antony was holding an assembly for the choice of public officers; and when he heard it, and saw them, he cried out, "Now let there be an end of our proscriptions." He commanded his head and hands to be fastened up over the rostra, where the orators spoke; a sight which the Roman people shuddered to behold, and they believed they saw there, not the face of Cicero, but the image of Antony's own soul. And yet amidst these actions he did justice in one thing, by delivering up Philologus to Pomponia, the wife of Quintus; who, having got his body into her power, besides other grievous punishments, made him cut off his own flesh by pieces, and roast and eat it; for so some writers have related. But Tiro, Cicero's emancipated slave, has not so much as mentioned the treachery of Philologus.
Translation by John Dryden: http://intranet.grundel.nl/thinkquest/moord_cicero_plu.html
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
|
|
*SOLD*Commodus AE Sestertius
Attribution: RIC 525, scarce
Date: AD 188-189
Obverse: M COMMODVS ANT P FELIX AVG BRIT, laureate head r.
Reverse: IOVI IVVENI P M TR P XIIII IMP VIII COS V P P, Jupiter standing facing l., holding thunderbolt and scepter, eagle at feet, S-C across fieldsNoah
|
|
00. The Canti.Potin unit, 125-50 BC.
Obverse: stylized head, right.
Reverse: stylized bull right; two crescents above.
1.74 gm., 19 mm.
Seaby #367;
Holman Group F.
In "A New Classification for the Flat Linear Coinage" by David Holman (BNJ 2016-86-2), this coin seems to be from Group F, and most nearly resembles F 2/3-11a. A suggested date for Group F is ca. 75/70 BC - 60/55 BC. Callimachus
|
|
000a. L. Sulla and L. Manlius ToruatusL. Sulla and L. Manlius Torquatus. 82 BC. AR Denarius (18mm, 3.89 g, 7h). Military mint moving with Sulla. Helmeted head of Roma right / Sulla driving triumphal quadriga right, holding branch and reins, being crowned by Victory flying left. Crawford 367/5; Sydenham 757 or 757a; Manlia 4 or 5. Near VF, toned, a few light scratches on the obverse.
From the Elwood Rafn Collection.
As consul for the year 88 BC, Sulla was awarded the coveted assignment of suppressing the revolt of Mithradates VI of Pontus, but political maneuvers resulted in this assignment being transferred to Marius. In response, Sulla turned his army on Rome, captured it, and reclaimed his command against Mithradates. His prosecution of the first Mithradatic War was successful, but he spared the Pontic king for personal gain. In 83 BC, Sulla returned to Italy as an outlaw, but he was able to win the support of many of the leading Romans. Within a year, he fought his way to Rome, where he was elected dictator. It was during this campaign to Rome that this denarius was struck. The obverse type represents Sulla's claim to be acting in Rome's best interest. The reverse shows Sulla enjoying the highest honor to which a Roman could aspire: the celebration of a triumph at Rome.ecoli
|
|
001 - Philip II - AR Tetradrachm, Antioch, Syria - Frontal bust, armored; RARE Bust.Ancient Roman Empire
Philip II ( 244 - 249 AD ). Silver Tetradrachm, from Antioch, Syria.
( titles in Greek )
obv: Laureate bust facing left, rare cuirassed/armored portrait, seen from the front.
rev: Eagle facing left, wreath in beak, standing above city name over " S C ", wings open.
11.3 Grams, 28mmrexesq
|
|
002 - Probus Antoniniani - RIC 336 var. Obv: VIRTVS PROBI AVG, Radiate, helmeted, cuirassed bust left holding spear and shield.
Rev: CONCORD MILIT, Emperor and Concordia clasping hands.
Minted in Ticinum (PXXT in exe), Emission 3 Officina 1, AD 277
Bust type G.pierre_p77
|
|
005. Nero 54-68AD. AE Sestertius, Rome mint, 65AD. Annona & Ceres. 35.6mm Orichalcum sestertius, RIC I 138, BMCRE I 129, Mac Dowall WCN 128, Cohen I 18, BnF II -, Hunter I -, SRCV -, EF, superb portrait, full legends, attractive toning, bumps, light smoothing, Rome mint, weight 26.564g, maximum diameter 35.6mm, die axis 180o, 65 A.D.; obverse NERO CLAVD CAESAR AVG GER P M TR P IMP P P (Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Pontifex Maximus Tribunicia Potestate Imperator Pater Patriae), laureate head left, short beard visible, no globe at point of bust; reverse ANNONA AVGVSTI CERES, Annona standing right, right hand on hip, cornucopia in left hand, facing Ceres enthroned left, veiled, feet on footstool, stalks of grain in right hand, torch in left hand; in center modius on garlanded altar, prow behind, S C (senatus consulto) in exergueLordBest
|
|
006 - Nero (54-68 AD), As - RIC 347Obv: IMP NERO CAESAR AVG GERM, laureate head right.
Rev: PACE P R VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S - C in fields, temple of Janus with closed doors on right.
Minted in Rome c. 66 AD.
(Sold)
pierre_p77
|
|
006. Nero (54 AD - 68 AD) Nero, last of the Julio-Claudians, had been placed in the difficult position of absolute authority at a young age coupled with the often-contradictory efforts of those in a position to manipulate him. Augustus, however, had not been much older when he began his bid for power, and so a great deal of the responsibility for Nero's conduct must also rest with the man himself. Nero's reign was not without military operations (e.g., the campaigns of Corbulo against the Parthians, the suppression of the revolt of Boudicca in Britain), but his neglect of the armies was a critical error.
Nero As, 26x27 mm, 10.0 g. Obverse: Nero laureate right, NERO CAESAR AVG GERM IMP. Reverse: Temple of Janus, with latticed window to left and closed double doors to right, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, SC.
Checkecoli
|
|
0066 - Denarius Septimius Severus 210 ACObv/SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of Septimius r.
Rev/PM TR P XVIII COS III PP, Jupiter standing l., holding thunderbolt and sceptre; two children standing by him, l. and r.
Ag, 19.9mm, 2.77g
Mint: Rome.
RIC IVa/240 [C] - RSC 540.
ex-Helios Numismatik, auction 1, lot 305 (ex-colln. F.Kovacs, lot 1833)dafnis
|
|
01 - Gordian III Tetradrachm #3 - Ram leaping left beneath Eagle, head reverted, Crescent Moon above ramAncient Roman Empire
Emperor Gordian III ( 238 - 244 AD ) Silver Tetradrachm.
Struck at the Roman Mint at Antioch, Syria.
(Titles in Greek)
obv: Laureate bust right, draped and cuirassed. Seen from behind.
rev: Eagle standing, holding laurel wreath in beak, head facing left.
BELOW: Ram leaping left, head turned facing behind (right), with Crescent Moon above head of Ram, all between the legs of the Eagle.
Weight: 14.76 Grams
~~~~
::Great detail on the head and beak of the Eagle, as well as on the Emperor's portrait, very nice coin, good weight for the type too. ::
~~~
*ex Amphora Ancient Coins, with photo-authenticity COA signed by David Hendin, author of Guide to Biblical Coins.
~~
~rexesq
|
|
011a. Julia TitiJulia Flavia (17 September 64 - 91) was the only child to the Emperor Titus from his second marriage to the well-connected Marcia Furnilla. Titus divorced Furnilla after Julia's birth. Julia was born in Rome.
When growing up, Titus offered her in marriage to his brother Domitian, but he refused because of his infatuation with Domitia Longina. Later she married her second cousin Titus Flavius Sabinus, brother to consul Titus Flavius Clemens, who married her first cousin Flavia Domitilla. By then Domitian had seduced her.
When her father and husband died, she became Emperor Domitian’s mistress. He openly showed his love. Falling pregnant, Julia died of a forced abortion. Julia was deified and her ashes her mixed with Domitian by an old nurse secretly in the Temple of the Flavians.
AEOLIS, Temnus. Julia Titi. Augusta, AD 79-91. Æ 16mm (2.18 gm). Draped bust right / EPI AGNOU THMNIT, Athena standing left, holding palladium and scepter, shield resting on ground. RPC II 981. Near VF, dark green patina, small flan crack. Ex-CNG
From the Garth R. Drewry Collection. Ex Classical Numismatic Group 51 (15 September 1999), lot 875; Marcel Burstein Collection.
ecoli
|
|
012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around small S•C, #1012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around small S•C, #1
avers: TI-CLAVDIVS-CAESAR-AVG around modius.
reverse: PON-M-TR-P-IMP-COS-DES-IT, around small S•C.
exergue: S•C//--, diameter: 14,4-15,5mm, weight: 3,11g, axis: 0h,
mint: Rome, date: 41 A.D., ref: RIC-I-84, C-70, BMC 179,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around small S•C, #2012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around small S•C, #2
avers: TI-CLAVDIVS-CAESAR-AVG around modius.
reverse: PON-M-TR-P-IMP-COS-DES-IT, around small S•C.
exergue: S•C//--, diameter: 14,4-15mm, weight: 2,68g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 41 A.D., ref: RIC-I-84, C-70, BMC 179,
Q-002quadrans
|
|
012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084var., Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around large S•C,012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 084var., Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT around large S•C,
avers: TI-CLAVDIVS-CAESAR-AVG around modius.
reverse: PON-M-TR-P-IMP-COS-DES-IT, around large S•C.
exergue: S•C//--, diameter: 16,5mm, weight: 2,82g, axis: 0h,
mint: Rome, date: 41 A.D., ref: RIC-I-84 var, C-70, BMC 179,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 085, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT, S•C across fields, 012 Claudius I. (41-54 A.D.), RIC I 085, Rome, AE-Quadrans, PON M TR P IMP COS DES IT, S•C across fields,
avers: TI-CLAVDIVS-CAESAR-AVG, Hand with scales, PNR below.
reverse: PON-M-TR-P-IMP-COS-DES-IT, S•C across fields.
exergue: S•C//--, diameter: 17-18mm, weight: g, axis:- h,
mint: Rome, date: 41 A.D., ref: RIC I 085, C-71,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
0133 - Nummus Constantine I 307-10 ACObv/ IMP CONSTANTINVS PF AVG, laureate and cuirassed bust of C. r.
Rev/ PRINCIPI IV-VE-NTVTIS, C. in military outfit, held l., holding a standard on each hand; PLN in ex.
AE, 25.5 mm, 6.24 g
Mint: Londinium.
RIC VI/111 [S]
ex-Numismatik Lanz, eBay jul 2011 - art. #300571161041dafnis
|
|
013a17. DomitianStruck by Agrippa II.
Bronze half unit, Hendin 6315 (S); RPC Online II 2278; BMC Palestine p. 244, 40; Caesarea Paneas (Banias, Golan Heights), 6.980g, 21.3mm, 0o, 85 - 86 A.D.; obverse DOMITIANOC KAICAP, laureate head of Domitian right; reverse ETO Kς BA - AGPIPPA (year 26, King Agrippa), Nike (Victory) standing right, nude to waist, inscribing shield resting on left knee, DO on shield, left foot on crested helmet A Forum coin.lawrence c
|
|
014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,014 Nero (54-68 A.D.), RIC I 0348, Rome, AE-As, PACE PR VBIQ PARTA IANVM CLVSIT, S-C,
avers: IMP-NERO-CAESAR-AVG-GERM, Laureate head left.
revers: PACE-PR-VBIQ-PARTA-IANVM-CLVSIT, View of one front of the temple of Janus, with latticed window to left, and garland hung across closed double doors on the right, S C across fields.
exe: S/C//--, diameter: 27mm, weight: 11,14g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 66 AD., ref: RIC-348, C-,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
0178 - Denarius Septimius Severus 210-11 ACObv/ SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of S.S. r.
Rev/ VICTORIAE BRIT, Victory togate standing r., holding wreath and with palm leaning on shoulder.
Ag, 19.2 mm, 2.77 g
Mint: Roma.
BMCRE V/52var. - RIC IV.1/332 [S]
ex-Artemide Aste Feb 2014, lot 302 (colln. English Gentleman)dafnis
|
|
0179 - Nummus Constantine II 320-1 ACObv/ CONSTANTINVS IVN NC, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust of C. l.
Rev/ VIRTVS EXERCIT, standard with VOT XX inscribed, cautives on both sides; PLON in ex.
AE, 18.9 mm, 3.38 g
Mint: Londinium.
RIC VII/290 [S]
ex-Artemide Aste, auction colln. English Gentleman, lot 504dafnis
|
|
018 - Commodus (177-192), denarius - BM 184, RIC unlistedObv: M COMM ANT P FEL AVG BRIT, laureate and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: P M TR P XI IMP VII COS V P P, Jupiter seated left, holding thunderbolt and sceptre.
Minted in Rome 186 AD
The cuirassed bust are rare on denarii. This particular type are unlisted in both RIC and Cohen, though the obverse legend and reverse type (not legend) are equal to RIC 117, Cohen 486. The only coin I know of with this bust and reverse legend is BM 184. The BM coin and this coin are struck with diferent obverse dies, hence ther must have been at least two pairs of dies striking this type. Thers should be more coins of this type out there, if anyone knows of one I´ll be very happy to hear about it! (Many thanks to mr Curtis Clay for information on this coin).pierre_p77
|
|
018 COMMODUSEMPEROR: Commodus
DENOMINATION: Denarius
OBVERSE: M COMM ANT P FEL AVG BRIT, laureate head right
REVERSE: P M TR P XI IMP VII COS V P P, Victory walking left, holding wreath & palm
DATE: 186 AD
MINT: Roma
WEIGHT: 2.55 g
RIC: 122a
Barnaba6
|
|
0182 - Denarius Geta 210-2 ACObv/ P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of Geta r.
Rev/ VICTORIAE BRIT, Victory standing l., holding crown and palm.
Ag, 19.8 mm, 2.80 g
Mint: Roma.
BMCRE V/68 – RIC IV.1/92 [S]
ex-Gitbud & Naumann, auction Pecunem 14, lot 709 (ex-Paul Francis Jacquier, auction 17, lot 464)dafnis
|
|
019 - Commodus (177-192 AD), denarius - RIC 169Obv: M COMM ANT P FEL AVG BRIT, laureate bust right.
Rev: P M TR P XIII IMP VIII COS V P P, Salus seated left holding patera and feeding snake rising from altar.
Minted in Rome 188 ADpierre_p77
|
|
02 B.C. - 4 A.D Augustus DenariusSilver denarius, S 1597, RIC 207, BMC 533, EF, Lugdunum mint, 3.876g, 19.2mm, 180o, 2 B.C. - 4 A.D.;
obverse CAESAR AVGVSTVS DIVI F PATER PATRIAE, laureate head right;
reverse C L CAESARES AVGVSTI F COS DESIG PRINC IVVENT, Caius and Lucius Caesars togate stand facing, each resting hand on a round shield with spear behind, above center on l. a simpulum r. and on r. a lituus l.;
lustrous, nice portrait, reverse slightly off centerjimwho523
|
|
02. Iceni.AR unit, ca 10 BC - 60 AD (time of Prasutagus and Boudicea).
Obverse: stylized head.
Reverse: stylized horse.
1.17 gm., 13 mm.
Seaby #434 (old #74).Callimachus
|
|
020 - Nero AE As - RIC 543 AE As
Obv:- IMP NERO CAESAR AVG P MAX TR P P P (separated with dots), Bare head right with globe at tip
Rev:- -, Victory flying left holding shield inscribed S P Q R, S - C
Minted in Lugdunum. Circa A.D. 66
Reference:- BMCRE 381. RIC Vol I Nero 543
A decent example with a broken patina, a decent portrait, clear legends with the dots in the legends clearly visible.
Please click on the image to see a larger photograph. maridvnvm
|
|
020 Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), AR-Denarius, Portrait, Vespasian (69-79 A.D.), AR-Denarius, Portrait, quadrans
|
|
021a03. CommodusAE Sestertius. Rome mint, 185 AD. 28mm, 23.17 g. Obv: M COMMODVS ANTON AVG PIVS BRIT, laureate head right. Rev: P M TR P X IMP VII COS IIII P P S-C, VICT BRIT in ex, Victory seated right on pile of arms, inscribing sheild on her knee. RIC III 452. Heritage Auction 271920, Lot 40250. lawrence c
|
|
021a04. CommodusCommodus
Denarius.
Obv: M COMM ANT P FEL AVG BRIT, laureate head right.
Rev: MIN VICT P M TR P XIIII, Minerva standing left, holding Victory, shield left, trophy right, COS V PP.
RIC 176.lawrence c
|
|
021a06. CommodusAE Sestertius. 189 AD. Rome. Obv: M COMMODVS ANT P FELIX AVG BRIT, laureate head right. Rev: ROMAE AETERNAE, Roma seated left, shield at side, holding Victory and upright spear. S-C across fields, COS V PP in exergue. RIC III 550; Cohen 648.lawrence c
|
|
021a07. CommodusDenarius. 184 AD. Obv: COMM ANT AVG P BRIT, laureate head right.
Rev: P M TR P VIIII IMP VII COS IIII P P, Roma seated on cuirass left, holding Victory and cornucopia. RIC 98a.lawrence c
|
|
021a10. CommodusDenarius. Obv: M COMM ANT P FEL AVG BRIT, laureate head right.
Rev: HILAR AVG P M TR P XII IMP VIII COS V P P, Hilaritas standing left, holding long palm and olive branch. RIC 150a, RSC 212.lawrence c
|
|
026/3 Litra or 1/8 ounceAnonymous. Æ Litra or 1/8 ounce. Rome. 234-231 BC. ( 3.43g, 15mm, 5h) Obv: Laureate head of Apollo right Rev: Horse rearing left, wearing bridle, bit, and reins; ROMA below.
Crawford 26/3; Sydenham 29 (Half-litra); Kestner 56-65; BMCRR Romano-Campanian 70-74 (Half-litra)
This coin is attributed as a Litra by Crawford, others define it as half-litra. However, it could be argued that "1/8 ounce piece" is the better description.
First of all, on litra and half-litra:
"According to Crawford, the weight standard of the series 26 litra and half litra are based on a litra of 3.375 grams . The half litra in Crawford is described as having a dog on the reverse rather than a horse, and the average weight of the half litra of several specimens is described as 1.65 grams. BMCRR does refer to these as half litrae; but keep in mind that Grueber was writing circa 1900 and based on older scholarship. Sydenham was writing in the 1950s. Of the three major works cited, Crawford is the most current and likely based on a greater number of more recent finds."
Andrew Mccabe:
"It's very doubtful to me that the word "litra" is correct. Much more likely, these small bronze coins were simply fractions of the Aes Grave cast coinage system, as they come in weights of 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 ounce, and the Aes Grave coinage generally had denominations from As down to Semuncia (1/2 ounce). So this coin would be 1/8 ounce coin. That's my view, which differs from their long term designation as "Litra", which presume them to be overvalued token bronze coinage on the Sicilian model, whereby bronze coins had value names that indicate a relationship to the silver coinage.
Litra, the word, is from the same stem as Libra, i.e. pound, would suggest a denomination of a (light) Sicilian pound of bronze, which sometimes equates in value to a small silver coin in Sicily weighing about 1/12 didrachm (about 0.6 grams) so by this definition, a Litra = an Obol. But it hardly stands up to scrutiny that such a tiny bronze coin, weighing 3.375 grams, could have been equivalent to a 0.6 gram silver obol. It would imply a massive overvaluation of bronze that just does not seem credible.
So. throw out the Litras, and call these coins 1/8 ounce pieces, and I think we have a sensible answer."
Paddy
|
|
026a05. Septimius SeverusDenarius. 19mm, 3.27 g. Rome, AD 210-211. Obv: SEVERVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head of Septimius Severus right. Rev: VICTORIAE BRIT, Victory advancing right, w/wreath in right hand, palm in left. RIC IV.I 332. Ex Heritage Auctions, Auction 231402 (9 January 2014), lot 64141. Heritage 65203.
lawrence c
|
|
026a22. Septimius SeverusAE 27mm (5 Assaria) of Markianopolis in Moesia Inferior. 27.2mm, 12.35 g. Magistrate Faustinianus. Obv: AYT K Λ CEΠTI CEVHΡOC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev: YΠ ΦAYCTINIANOY MAΡKIANOΠOΛIT, Tyche standing left, holding rudder and cornucopia. Moushmov 394, AMNG 571.lawrence c
|
|
027a05. CaracallaAR Denarius. AD 212. Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right. Rev: P M TR P XV COS III P P, Anonna seated left holding Corn-ears over a modius at foot and cornucupia. RIC 195, RSC 205.lawrence c
|
|
027a15. CaracallaDenarius. Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right. Rev: MONETA AVG, Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopia.
RIC 224, RSC 165.lawrence c
|
|
028a01. Geta As Augustus, Denarius. 210-212 AD. P SEPT GETA PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head right / LIBERALITAS AVG V, Liberalitas standing, head left, with counting board & cornucopiae. RSC 68. RIC 88.
lawrence c
|
|
035 Antoninus Pius (138-161 A.D.), RIC III 0546, Rome, AE-Sestertius, TR POT COS II, Fides standing right, S-C,035 Antoninus Pius (138-161 A.D.), RIC III 0546, Rome, AE-Sestertius, TR POT COS II, Fides standing right, S-C,
avers: ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P, Laureate head right.
reverse: TR POT COS II, Fides standing right, holding corn-ears and dish of fruit, S-C across the field.
exergue: S/C//--, diameter: 31,5-32,5mm, weight: 23,86g, axis: 5h,
mint: Rome, date: 139 A.D., ref: RIC III 546,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
037a06. Philip I The ArabAR Antoninianus. Rome mint. 244-245 AD. Obv: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, radiate, draped bust right. Rev: FIDES MILIT, Fides standing left holding two standards. RIC 32b, RSC 55. A FORUM coin.lawrence c
|
|
037p Marcus Aurelius (161-180 A.D.), Thrace, Hadriannopolis, Varbanov 3180 var, AE-17, AΔPIANO-ΠOΛEIT, Apollo advancing right,037p Marcus Aurelius (161-180 A.D.), Thrace, Hadriannopolis, Varbanov 3180 var, AE-17, AΔPIANO-ΠOΛEIT, Apollo advancing right,
avers:- OVHPOC-KAICAP, Bare-headed, draped bust younger emperor right.
revers:- AΔPIANO-ΠOΛEIT, Apollo (Propylaeus) advancing right, holding bow.
exe: -/-//--, diameter: 17,5 mm, weight: 2,92 g, axis: 7 h,
mint: Thrace, Hadriannopolis, date: A.D., ref: Varbanov (2) 3180 var. p-261,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0711 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #1038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0711 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #1
"Daughter of Antoninus Pius and Faustina Sr. and wife of Marcus Aurelius. She was also the mother of Commodus and Lucilla, wife of Lucius Verus."
avers: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, Draped bare-headed, bust right.
reverse: SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 16,7-17,0mm, weight: 3,35g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 161 A.D., ref: RIC III 711 (Marcus Aurelius), p-271 , RSC 191, BMC 139,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #1038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #1
"Daughter of Antoninus Pius and Faustina Sr. and wife of Marcus Aurelius. She was also the mother of Commodus and Lucilla, wife of Lucius Verus."
avers: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, Draped diademed, bust right.
reverse: SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17-17,5mm, weight: 3,28g, axis: 5h,
mint: Rome, date: 161 A.D., ref: RIC-III-712 (Marcus Aurelius), p-271 , C-191,
Q-001
quadrans
|
|
038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #2038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #2
"Daughter of Antoninus Pius and Faustina Sr. and wife of Marcus Aurelius. She was also the mother of Commodus and Lucilla, wife of Lucius Verus."
avers: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, Draped diademed, bust right.
reverse: SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17mm, weight: 3,18g, axis: h,
mint: Rome, date: 161 A.D., ref: RIC-III-712 (Marcus Aurelius), p-271 , C-191,
Q-002quadrans
|
|
038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #3038b Faustina (II) Filia (128-175 A.D.), RIC III 0712 (Marc.Aur.), Rome, AR-Denarius, SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children, #3
"Daughter of Antoninus Pius and Faustina Sr. and wife of Marcus Aurelius. She was also the mother of Commodus and Lucilla, wife of Lucius Verus."
avers: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, Draped diademed, bust right.
reverse: SAECVLI FELICIT, Throne with two children.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,0-18,0mm, weight: 3,25g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 161 A.D., ref: RIC III 712 (Marcus Aurelius), p-271 , RSC 191, BMC 139,
Q-003quadrans
|
|
040 QUINTILLUSEMPEROR: Quintillus
DENOMINATION: Antoninianus
OBVERSE: IMP QVINTILLVS AVG, radiate, draped bust right / FIDES MILIT,
REVERSE: Fides standing left, holding two standards. Officina letter S in exergue.
DATE: 270 AD
MINT: Milan
WEIGHT: 2.84 g
RIC: V.1.52Barnaba6
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0102, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P X IMP VII COS IIII P P, Roma standing,041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0102, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P X IMP VII COS IIII P P, Roma standing,
avers:- COMM-ANT-AVG-P-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- P-M-TR-P-X-IMP-VII-COS-IIII-P-P, Roma standing left, holding Victory and spear.
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 17-18 mm, weight: 3,22 g, axis: 5h ,
mint: Rome, date: 184-185 A.D., ref: RIC-III-102, p-377, C-476,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0112, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XI IMP VII COS IIII P P, ROM, Roma seated left,041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0112, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XI IMP VII COS IIII P P, ROM, Roma seated left,
avers:- COMM-ANT-AVG-P-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- P-M-TR-P-XI-IMP-VII-COS-IIII-P-P, Roma seated left, holding Victory and cornucopia.
exerg: ROM, diameter: 16-17mm, weight: 2,45g, axes: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 184 A.D., ref: RIC-III-112, p-378, C-660,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0131, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XI IMP VII COS V P P, Fortuna seated left,041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0131, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XI IMP VII COS V P P, Fortuna seated left,
avers:- M-COMM-ANT-P-FEL-AVG-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- P-M-TR-P-XI-IMP-VII-C-OS-V-P-P, Fortuna seated left, holding rudder and cornucopia; wheel under chair.
exe: -/-//FORRED, diameter: 16,5-17,5 mm, weight: 2,71 g, axis: 5 h ,
mint: Rome, date: 186 A.D., ref: RIC-III-131 , p-380,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0169, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XIII•IMP VIII COS V P P, Salus seated left, Scarce !041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0169, Rome, AR-denarius, P M TR P XIII•IMP VIII COS V P P, Salus seated left, Scarce !
avers:- COMM-ANT-P-FEL-AVG-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- P-M-TR-P-XIII-•-IMP-VIII-COS-V-P-P, Salus seated left, holding patera and feeding snake rising from altar using it.
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 17,5mm, weight: 2,13g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 188 A.D., ref: RIC-III-169, p-384, Scarce !,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0194, Rome, AR-denarius, PIETATI SENATVS, -/-//C V P P, Commodus and Senator, Scarce!,041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0194, Rome, AR-denarius, PIETATI SENATVS, -/-//C V P P, Commodus and Senator, Scarce!,
avers:- M-COMM_ANT-P-FEL-AVG-BRIT, Laureate head right
revers:- PIETATI-S-ENATVS,
exerg: -/-//CVPP, diameter: 16-17,5mm, weight: 2,35g, axes: 5h,
mint: Rome, date: 191 A.D., ref: RIC-III-194, p-387, C-408,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0196, Rome, AR-denarius, VICTORIAE FELICI, -/-//CVPP, Victory, Scarce!,041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0196, Rome, AR-denarius, VICTORIAE FELICI, -/-//CVPP, Victory, Scarce!,
avers:- M-COMM-ANT-FEL-AVG-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- VICTORIAE-FELICI/CVPP, Victory advancing let, holding wreath in both hands over two shields set on a low base : CVPP on base.
exerg: -/-//CVPP, diameter: 18 mm, weight: 2,54g, axis: 6h ,
mint: Rome, date: 189 A.D., ref: RIC-III-196, p-387, C-952,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0454a, Rome, AE-Sestertius, VOTA SVSCEP DECEN P M TR P VIII IMP VII, Commodus togate, standing left, Scarce!041b Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), RIC III 0454a, Rome, AE-Sestertius, VOTA SVSCEP DECEN P M TR P VIII IMP VII, Commodus togate, standing left, Scarce!
avers:- M-COMMODVS-ANTON-AVG-PIVS-BRIT, Laureate head right.
revers:- VOTA-SVSCEP-DECEN-P-M-TR-P-X-IMP-VII, Commodus, togate, standing left sacrificing over a tripod. S_C across the field.
exe:S/C//COS-IIII-P-P, diameter: 27-29 mm, weight: 19,35 g, axis: 5h,
mint: Rome, date: 184-85 A.D., ref: RIC-III-454a, p-418, , C-990, Scarce!
Q-001quadrans
|
|
041bp Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), Thrace, Philippopolis, Varbanov III. 971, AE-17, ΦIΛIΠΠOΠOΛEIT, Emperor on horseback galloping right, Rare !041bp Commodus (166-180 A.D. as Caesar, 180-192 A.D. as Augustus), Thrace, Philippopolis, Varbanov III. 971, AE-17, ΦIΛIΠΠOΠOΛEIT, Emperor on horseback galloping right, Rare !
avers: AYT ΚΑΙ Μ ΑYP ΚΟΜMOΔOC, Youthful, bare-headed, draped bust right.
reverse: ΦIΛIΠ ΠO ΠOΛEIT, Emperor on horseback galloping right, chlamys billowing out behind.
exergue: -/-//--, diameter: 17,0mm, weight: 4,42g, axis: 6h,
mint: Thrace, Philippopolis, date: A.D., ref: Varbanov III. 971, AE-17, Moushmov 5212,
Q-001quadrans
|
|
| 1416 files on 16 page(s) |
1 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
