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Image search results - "Gallic"
Marius.JPG
GALLIC EMPIRE -- MARIUS
IMP C M AVR MARIVS AVG Draped, cuirassed and radiated bust right
VICTO - Ri - A AV - G Victoria walking right
with full silvering

gb29400
2 commentsgb29400
DenMFurioPhilobis.jpg
AR Denarius - M FVRIVS Lf PHILVS - 119 BC. - Gens Furia - Mint of Rome
Obv.: Laureate head of Janus; [M•F]OVRI•L•[F] around
Rev.: Roma standing left erecting trophy, gallic arms around, ROMA to right, PHILI in ex. (PHI in monogram)
Gs. 3,7 mm. 19,6
Crawford 281/1, Sear RCV 156
1 commentsMaxentius
DenSerratoCosconio.jpg
Denarius serratus - 118 B.C. - Narbo
L. COSCONIVS, L. LICINIVS, CN. DOMITIVS - Gens Cosconia
Obv.: Helmeted head of Rome right; COSCO M.F.. X behind.
Rev.: Gallic warrior (Bituitus?) in biga right, with shield and carnix. L LIC CN DOM in ex.
Gs. 3,8 mm. 19,7
Craw. 282/2, Sear RCV 158
Maxentius
110353LG.jpg
Postumus. Romano-Gallic Emperor, A.D. 260-269. BI antoninianus (20 mm, 3.04 g, 7 h). Treveri, A.D. 266. IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust of Postumus right / FIDES [E]XERCITVS, four military standards. RIC 303; Mairat 120; AGK 20; RSC 65. Quant.Geek
DUBNOVELLAUNUS.JPG
1st Century BC - 1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Trinovantes, AE Unit, Struck c.10 BC – 10 CE in Camulodunum(?) in Essex under DubnovellaunusObverse: Head facing right, hair(?) lines on head divided by clear centre parting.
Reverse: Horse prancing left; complex pellets and circles above and below.
Diameter: 13.5mm | Weight: 1.61gms | Axis: 3h
SPINK: -- | BMC -- | ABC 2413
VERY RARE

Very rare uninscribed bronze unit of Dubnovellaunus found in Essex. The type is designated as a “Dubnovellaunus Centre Parting” bronze unit in ABC (Ancient British Coins), and to date (January, 2023) it is unlisted in any other major reference works.

DUBNOVELLAUNUS

It is generally thought that Dubnovellaunus succeeded his father Addedomarus as king of the Trinovantes somewhere around 10-5 BC and ruled for several years before being supplanted by Cunobelinus of the Catuvellauni.
In the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, a British king called Dumnovellaunus appears, alongside Tincomarus of the Atrebates, as a supplicant to Augustus in around AD 7 and, given the chronology, it is indeed possible that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes is the same person as the Dumnovellaunus who presented himself to Augustus. The spelling variation is due to a Celtic, rather than a Latin, interpretation of the ruler's name.
It is worth mentioning that the authors of ABC (Ancient British Coins) also think that Dubnovellaunus of the Trinovantes could possibly be the same individual as the Dumnovellaunus who ruled in Kent in the 30s - 20s BC, they suggest that he could have been a Cantian king who later gained control over the southern part of the Trinovantes and that therefore he might have ruled both territories north and south of the Thames estuary for a few years. It should be noted however, that Van Arsdell, an authority on the Celtic Coinage of Britain, emphatically disputes this.

TRINOVANTES
The Trinovantes were one of the Iron Age Celtic tribes of Pre-Roman Britain. Their territory was on the north side of the Thames estuary in the present day counties of Essex, Hertfordshire and Suffolk, and also included lands now located in Greater London. They were bordered to the north by the Iceni, and to the west by the Catuvellauni. Their capital was Camulodunum (modern Colchester).
Shortly before Julius Caesar's invasion of Britain in 55 and 54 BC, the Trinovantes were considered the most powerful tribe in Britain. At this time their capital was probably at Braughing (in modern-day Hertfordshire). In some copies of Caesar's Gallic War their king is referred to as Imanuentius, although no name is given in other copies which have come down to us. That said however, it seems that this king was overthrown by Cassivellaunus, king of the Catuvellauni, some time before Caesar's second expedition and that Imanuentius' son, Mandubracius, fled to the protection of Caesar in Gaul. During his second expedition Caesar defeated Cassivellaunus and restored Mandubracius to the kingship. Cassivellaunus agreed to pay tribute and also undertook not to attack him again.
The next identifiable king of the Trinovantes, known from numismatic evidence, was Addedomarus, who took power around 20 – 15 BCE, and moved the tribe's capital to Camulodunum. For a brief period, around 10 BCE, Tasciovanus of the Catuvellauni issued coins from Camulodunum, suggesting that he must have conquered the Trinovantes, but he was soon forced to withdraw, perhaps as a result of pressure from the Romans. Addedomarus was restored and Tasciovanus' later coins no longer bear the mark “REX”. Addedomarus was briefly succeeded by his son Dubnovellaunus, around 10 to 5 BCE, but a few years later the tribe was conquered by either Tasciovanus or his son Cunobelinus.
The Trinovantes do not appear in history again until their participation in Boudica's revolt against the Romans in 60 CE. After that though they seem to have embraced the Romanisation of Britain and their name was later given to one of the “civitates” of Roman Britain, whose chief town was Caesaromagus (modern Chelmsford in Essex).

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1 comments*Alex
25_-_35_ATREBATES_EPATTICUS_AR_Unit.JPG
1st Century CE, IRON AGE BRITAIN, Tribe: Atrebates, AR Unit, Struck c.25 -35 under EpaticcusObverse: EPATI. Head of Hercules, wearing lionskin headdress with paws tied before neck, facing right; pellet in ring behind.
Reverse: No legend. Eagle standing facing, head left, on serpent; dot in circle at upper right.
Diameter: 12mm | Weight: 1.1gms | Axis: 10 |
Spink: 356
Coin found in Hampshire, England. Old repair

EPATICCUS
Epaticcus was a son of Tasciovanus, and probably the younger brother of Cunobelin, he was also apparently a favoured uncle of Caratacus. It is from his coinage issues that we know his name and his family relationship.
The distribution of his coinage would indicate that Epaticcus expanded the territory of his tribe at the expense of the Atrebatean king Verica, and installed himself at the latter's capital, Calleva around 25 CE.
It is likely that Epaticcus was permitted to govern the area by his brother as part of the Catuvellaunian hegemony that was expanding across south eastern Britain at the time. Epaticcus continued to take Verica’s lands to west and south until his death, probably on campaign, around 35 CE. After this his expansionist policies were continued by his nephews, Caratacus and Togodumnus, into the late 30’s CE.


ATREBATES

The Atrebates were a Belgic Iron Age tribe originally dwelling in the Artois region of Northern France.
After the tribes of Gallia Belgic were defeated by Caesar in 57 BC, 4,000 Atrebates participated in the Battle of Alesia in 53, led by their chief Commius.
Before 54 BC, an offshoot of the Gallic tribe probably settled in Britain where it was successively ruled by kings Commius, Tincommius, Eppillus and Verica. Their territory comprised modern Hampshire, West Sussex and Berkshire, centred on the capital Calleva Atrebatum (modern Silchester). They were bordered to the north by the Dobunni and Catuvellauni; to the east by the Regni; and to the south by the Belgae.
The settlement of the Atrebates in Britain does not seem to have been a mass population movement and it is possible that the name "Atrebates", as with many "tribal" names in this period, referred only to the ruling house or dynasty and not to an ethnic group.
After the Roman conquest the Atrebates' lands were organized into the civitates of the Atrebates, Regni and possibly, the Belgae.

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1 comments*Alex
550_-_551_JUSTINIAN_I__Decannumium.JPG
JUSTINIAN I, AE Decanummium (10 Nummi), struck 550/551 at AntiochObverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Helmeted and cuirassed facing bust of Justinian I, holding globus cruciger in his right hand and shield in his left; cross in right field.
Reverse: Large I surmounted by cross, A/N/N/O in field to left and regnal year X/X/IIII in field to right; in exergue, THU followed by • over Π with a slash through the last letter's right side.
Diameter: 24mm | Weight: 4.79gms | Die Axis: 6
SBCV: 237 | DOC: 255 Class D | MIB: 158

Regarding the mintmark in the exergue, the letter Π with a slash through its right side and tiny o or • above is an abbreviation for "polis". The slash is like the English apostrophe denoting omission of letters, as in the word "can't". Therefore, together with the letters T (Tau) and H (Eta), the mint-mark reads as an abbreviation of "Theoupolis"

550
In January of this year the Ostrogoths under king Totila recaptured Rome after a long siege by bribing the Isaurian garrison. Then, in the summer, the Goths, under Totila, plundered Sicily after they had subdued Corsica and Sardinia, whilst the Gothic fleet also raided the coasts of Greece.
551
In this year Justinian I appointed Narses new supreme commander, who then returned to Italy. In Salona on the Adriatic coast, Narses assembled a Byzantine expeditionary force of around 20,000 to 30,000 men and a contingent of foreign allies which included Lombards, Herulii and Bulgars
When Narses arrived in Venetia he discovered that a powerful Gothic-Frank army of around 50,000 men, under the joint command of the kings Totila and Theudebald, had blocked the principal route to the Po Valley. Not wishing to engage such a formidable force and confident that the Franks would avoid a direct confrontation, Narses skirted the lagoons along the Adriatic shore, using vessels to convey his army from point to point along the coast and thereby arrived at the capital, Ravenna, without encountering any opposition. He then attacked and crushed a small Gothic force at Ariminum, modern Rimini.
In the Autumn of this year the Byzantine fleet of 50 warships destroyed the Gothic naval force under Indulf near Sena Gallica, some 17 miles (27 km) north of Ancona. The Battle of Sena Gallica marked the end of Gothic supremacy in the Mediterranean Sea.
*Alex
Tetricus_II_barb.JPG
274, Roman Imitative Antoninianus (Barbarous Radiate), produced in Britain and the continent. Struck in the name of TETRICUS II as AUGUSTUSObverse: (IMP C TET)RICVS AG. Radiate bust of Tetricus II facing right, seen from behind.
Reverse: Struck from extremely worn reverse die which possibly depicts Salus feeding serpent arising from altar.
Diameter: 14mm | Weight: 1.7gms | Die Axis: 6
SPINK: 749
RARE

This is an irregular issue (barbarous radiate) giving Tetricus II the title of Augustus rather than Caesar.
Interestingly the Historia Augusta makes this statement with regard to Aurelian's triumph in A.D.274. "In the procession was Tetricus also, arrayed in a scarlet cloak, a yellow tunic, and Gallic trousers, and with him his son, whom he had proclaimed in Gaul as Imperator." (Historia Augusta, xxxiv, iii). Imperator was a title that invariably, when referring to an Imperial figure, implied the rank of Augustus, but no regular official coinage issues of Tetricus II citing him as such are known.


The term 'barbarous radiates', dating from its use by antiquarians in the 19th century, is still often used to refer to the locally produced unofficial coins which imitated the official Roman antoninianii of the period. These coins were not struck by barbarians outwith the Empire as the name would suggest, nor were they intrinsically forgeries or fakes. Instead they were the result of a period of great instability within the Roman empire during which the western provinces especially often experienced a severe lack of coinage. To fill this void small denomination coinage was unofficially issued in very large numbers. Though some of these coins are fairly close copies of the official coins which they imitate, many others have been produced by die engravers who were patently illiterate and often of limited ability artistically as well. Around 274 Aurelian banned the use of these imitative bronzes when he reformed the currency but it is possible that some "barbarous radiates" were still being produced after that date. Whether individual coins are of British or Continental mintage can really only be ascertained by provenance.

*Alex
Aurelian_RIC_63_Rome.jpg
3 AurelianAURELIAN
AE Antoninianus, Rome Mint, Late 274 A.D.
IMP AVRELIANVS AVG, Bust right, radiate, cuirassed / ORIENS AVG, Sol stg. facing, head l., with r. hand raised and holding globe in l. hand; at feet, on each side, a bound and std. captive, both head turned back; the captive on the l. is in oriental dress, the captive on the r. is bearded and in Gallic costume. ∈XXIR in emerge.
RIC temp 1795: http://www.ric.mom.fr/en/coin/1795
1 commentsSosius
Postumus_RIC_Lyons_67.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
AR Antoninianus, Lyons Mint
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, RDC bust r. / HERC PACIFERO, Hercules st. l., holding olive branch, club and lion's skin
RIC V-II Lyons 67; Sear 10946
Sosius
Postumus_Sear_10940.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusSosius
Postumus_Double_Sest_RIC_207.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
Double Sestertius, 15.89g
Radiate Bust r. / LAETITIA AVG, Galley
A Contemporary imitation, as indicated by the style and the fact that the E in the reverse legend is retrograde
Bastien 373; RIC 207
ex Harlan J. Berk
1 commentsSosius
Postumus_RIC_Cologne_315.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
AR Antoninianus, Cologne
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, Radiate bust r. / MONETA AVG, Moneta standing l., holding scales and cornucopiae
RIC V-II Cologne 315
Sosius
Postumus_RIC_Lyon_75.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
AR Antoninianus, Lyons Mint
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, RDC bust right / MONETA AVG, Moneta standing left, holding scales and cornucopiae
RIC V-II Lyons 75; Sear (1988) 3116

Sosius
Postumus_RIC_Lyon_77.jpg
Gallic 1 PostumusPOSTUMUS
AR Antoninianus, Lyons Mint
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, Radiate draped and cuirassed bust r. / ORIENS AVG, Sol walking l., holding whip, r. hand raised
RIC V-II Lyons 77; Sear (1988) 3118


Sosius
Aureolus_RIC_Milan_388.jpg
Gallic 1.5 AureolusAUREOLUS
Rebel general, in name of Postumus
AE Antoninianus, Milan Mint
IMP POSTVMVS AVG, Radiate, draped bust r. / VIRTVS EQVIT, Virtus walking right, carrying spear and shield, T in exergue
RIC V-II Milan 388,;de Witte 363; Sear (1988) 3135
Sosius
Aureolus_RIC_Milan_377.jpg
Gallic 1.5 AureolusAUREOLUS
Rebel general, in name of Postumus
AE Antoninianus, Milan Mint
IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG, Radiate bust r. / FIDES EQVIT, Fides seated left, holding patera and standard
RIC V-II Milan 377
Sosius
45448q00.jpg
Gallic 3 Marius, May - August or September 269 A.D.Bronze antoninianus, Schulzki AGK 8a, Mairat 238, SRCV III 11123, RIC V 17, aEF, rev a bit weak, 2.822g, 19.5mm, 180o, Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne) mint, 2nd emission; obverse IMP C M AVR MARIVS AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right; reverse VICT-O-R-IA AVG, Victory standing left, wreath in right, palm frond in left; nice portrait, nice dark sea-green patina, slightly irregular flan; scarce

Purchased from FORVM
1 commentsSosius
Marius_Becker_Aureus.jpg
Gallic 3 MariusMARIUS
AV Aureus
Vintage Becker Forgery
Sosius
Victorinus_Cunetio_2957.jpg
Gallic 4 VictorinusVICTORINUS
268-270 AD
IMP C VICTORINVS PF AVG, RDC Bust r. / PAX AVG; Pax standing left, holding olive-branch and sceptre, V in left field, star over palm branch in right field
Similar to Cunetio hoard 2957, but star and palm branch inverted on this coin
Sosius
Victorinus_RIC_Cologne_118.jpg
Gallic 4 VictorinusVICTORINUS
Slivered Antoninianus, Cologne, 268-70 AD
IMP C VICTORINVS PF AVG, Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust r. / PAX AVG, Pax standing l. holding olive-branch and scepte, V to l., star to r.
RIC V-2 Cologne 118; Cunetio hoard 2530; Elmer 682; Sear 11175
Sosius
Victorinus_RIC_southern_61.jpg
Gallic 4 VictorinusVICTORINUS
AE Antoninianus 268-270 AD
IMP C VICTORINVS PF AVG, Radiate, draped cuirassed bust r. / PROVIDENTIA AVG, Providentia standing left, holding baton and cornucopiae, globe at foot
RIC V-2 Southern mint 61; Normanby hoard 1446; Sear 11178; VF/F, Scarce
Sosius
Tetricus_Sear_11239.jpg
Gallic 5 TetricusSosius
Tetricus_II_RIC_270.jpg
Gallic 5.5 Tetricus IITETRICUS II
AE Antoninianus.
C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES, radiate, draped bust right / SPES AVGG, Spes walking left, holding flower and raising skirt.
RIC 270, Cohen 87
Sosius
Radiato_imitativo_britannico.jpg
Radiato imitativo britannico (270-273 AD)AE, 2.45 gr, 18.56 mm, VF
Zecca non ufficiale britannica (o gallica), sul D/ verosimilmente Vittorino o Tetrico I
D/ legenda di fantasia, testa radiata a dx
R/ legenda di fantasia, divinità sacrifica su un altare appoggiata su uno scudo (o ruota). Compatibile con una FORTVNA REDUX con ruota e timone
Provenienza: ex Marc Breitsprecher collection, Grand Marais Minnesota Usa (da lui acquistata a Embankment station coin fair, London), via vAuctions 290 lot 462, 8 novembre 2012
paolo
postume-dsesterce-herc-pacifero.JPG
Bastien 277 Postumus: double sestertius (Herc Pacifero)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Pacifero (264-265/6, mint II)

Bronze, 15.52 g, diameter 26 mm, die axis 11h

A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC-PACIFERO; Hercules, standing left, holding olive branch, club and lion’s skin
charles2-denier-gdr-orleans.JPG
D.727 Charles II the Bald (denier, class 2, Orléans)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877)
GDR denier (Orléans, class 2, 864-875)

Silver, 1.80 g, 21 mm diameter, die axis 5h

O/ +GRΛTIΛ D-I REX; carolingian monogram
R/ +ΛVRELIΛNIS CIVITΛS; cross pattée

This is another typical example of Class 2 (GDR type).
Cenabum was a gallic stronghold of the Carnute tribe. It was conquered and destroyed by Caesar in 52 BC, and then maybe rebuilt by the emperor Aurelian. This may be the origin the city's name.
postume-salvs-provinciarvm-1ere-emission.JPG
RIC.abs Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 1st phase, 260, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 2.19 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 6h

A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTIMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed

EG.1
postume-salvs-prov.JPG
RIC.87 Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 2ond phase, 260-261, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.23 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 1h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the horned Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed

EG.9
postume-herc-devsoniensi~0.JPG
RIC.64 Postumus: antoninianus (Herc Devsoniensi)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Devsoniensi (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 2.40 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 1h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC DEVSONIENSI; Hercules standing right, leaning on club, holding bow and lion's skin

EG.15
postume-laetitia.JPG
RIC.73 Postumus: antoninianus (Laetitia Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Laetitia Avg (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.63 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 1h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ LAETITIA / AVG in exergue; galley left with 4 rowers and pilot

EG.19
postume-pmtrpcosiipp.JPG
RIC.54 Postumus: antoninianus (PM TR P COS II PP)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: PM TR P COIS II PP (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.13 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 6h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PM TR P CO-S II PP; Emperor in military attire, standing left, holding spear and tropy

EG.19
postume-victoria.JPG
RIC.89 Postumus: antoninianus (Victoria Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Victoria Avg (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.25 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 1h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VICT-OR-IA AVG; Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm; seated captive to left

EG.22
1 comments
postume-herc-pacifero.JPG
RIC.67 Postumus: antoninianus (Herc Pacifero)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Pacifero (2ond emission, 2ond phase, 262, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.37 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC-PA-CIFERO; Hercules, standing left, holding olive branch, club and lion’s skin

Curious Postumus' big nose.

EG.27
2 comments
postume-neptvno.JPG
RIC.76 Postumus: antoninianus (Neptvno Redvci)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Neptvno Redvci (2ond emission, 2ond phase, 262, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.40 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ NEPTVNO - REDVCI; Neptune standing left, holding dolphin and trident

EG.32
postume-virtvs.JPG
RIC.93 Postumus: antoninianus (Virtvs Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Virtvs Avg (2ond emission, 2ond phase, 262, Trèves)

Billon (200 ‰), 3.39 g, diameter 22 mm, die axis 2h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRT-VS AVG; Mars standing right, holding spear and leaning on shield

EG.35
postume-mars.JPG
RIC.57 Postumus: antoninianus (P M TR P IIII COS III P P)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antonianus: P M TR P IIII COS III P P (3rd émission, 1st phase, 263-265, Trèves)

Billon (150 ‰), 4.27 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 1 h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PP M TR P-IIII-COS III PP; Mars walking right with spear and trophy.

EG.36
postume-herc-devsoniensi.JPG
RIC.66 Postumus: antoninianus (Herc Devsoniensi)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Felicitas Avg (3rd emission, 1st phase, 263-265, Trèves)

Billon (150 ‰), 4.09 g, diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 7 h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC DEV-SONIENSI; Hercules standing left in temple of four columns, leaning on club and holding lion's skin


EG.40
postume-felicitas.JPG
RIC.58 Postumus: antoninianus (Felicitas Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Felicitas Avg (3rd emission, 2ond phase, 263-265, Trèves)

Billon (100 ‰), 2.91 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 7 h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ FELICI-T-AS AVG; Felicitas standing left, holding caduceus in right, cornucopia in left

EG.44
postume-saecvli-felicitas.JPG
RIC.325 Postumus: antoninianus (Saecvli Felicitas)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Saecvli Felicitas (4th emission, 1st phase, 266, Trèves)

Billon (100 ‰), 3.86 g, diameter 22 mm, die axis 6h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SAECVLI FELICITAS; emperor standing right, holding globe and spear

EG.67
postume-salvs.JPG
RIC.86 Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avg (4th emission, 1st phase, 266, Trèves)

Billon (100 ‰), 3.46 g, diameter 18-21 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALV-S AVG; Esculape standing, facing, looking left, leaning on a staff on which a snake is wrapped. At foot, a globe on the right

EG.70
postume-ubertas.JPG
RIC.330 Postumus: antoninianus (Vbertas Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Vbertas Avg (4th emission, 2ond phase, 267, Trèves)

Billon (100 ‰), 3.08 g, diameter 20.5 mm, die axis 12 h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VBERTAS AVG; Ubertas standing left, holding ear in right and cornucopia in left

EG.83
postume-pax.JPG
RIC.318 Postumus: antoninianus (Pax Avg P)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Pax Avg (6th emission, 268, Trèves)

Billon (20 ‰), 2.79 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 12 h

A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-X AVG/ P|-; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre

EG.110
victorin-piavvionius-pax.JPG
RIC.116 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pax Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (1st emission, 269, Trèves)

Billon (20 ‰), 1.92 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1 h

A/ IMP C M PIAVVIONIVS VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-X AVG; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre

Long titulature for Victorinus, characteristic of the first emission.

EG.186
victorin-pax-piav.JPG
RIC.117 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pax Avg V*)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (2nd emission, 269, Trèves)

Billon (20 ‰), 2.16 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 1 h

A/ IMP C PIAV VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-X AVG/V* in field; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre
Transitional titulature for Victorinus

EG.189
victorin-pax.JPG
RIC.118 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pax Avg V*)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (3rd emission, 2ond phase, 270, Trèves)

Billon (20 ‰), 3.43 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 6 h

A/ IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-X AVG / V|* in field; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre

EG.197
victorin-salvs2.JPG
RIC.71 Victorinus, antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avg (5th emission, 271, Trèves)

Billon (20 ‰), 2.65 g, diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 12 h

A/ [IMP C] VICTORINVS P F [AVG]; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS [AVG]; Salus standing right, feeding serpent rising from altar

EG.223
victorin-aeqvitas.JPG
RIC.41 Victorinus, antoninianus (Aeqvitas Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Aeqvitas Avg (1st emission, end 269, Cologne)

Billon (20 ‰), 3.27 g, diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 7 h

A/ IMP C PI VICTO[RINVS P F AVG]; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas standing left, holding scales and cornupiae

Origin: Irchester hoard
EG.223
victorin-salvs.JPG
RIC.67 Victorinus, antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (2ond emission, 269-270, Cologne)

Billon (20 ‰), 3.34 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 2 h

A/ IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS AVG; Salus standing right, feeding serpent in arms

EG.234
victorin-g-salvs.JPG
RIC.67 Victorinus, antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (2ond emission, 269-270, Cologne)

Billon (20 ‰), 3.06 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 2 h

A/ IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ SALVS AVG; Salus standing right, feeding serpent in arms

EG.236
victorin-pietas.JPG
RIC.57 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pietas Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Pietas Avg (3rd emission, mid-end 270, Cologne)

Billon (20 ‰), 3.72 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 7 h

A/ IMP C VICTOR[INVS P F A]VG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ PIETAS AVG; Pietas standing left, sacrificing at altar and holding box of perfumes

EG.240
victorin-victoria-avg.jpg
RIC.75 Victorinus, antoninianus (Victoria Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Victoria Avg (3rd emission, mid-end 270, Cologne)

Billon (20 ‰), 2.71 g, diameter 18mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C [VICTO]RINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ [VI]CTO-R-[I]-A AVG; Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm

EG.245
tetricus1-spes-pvblica.JPG
RIC.136 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Spes Pvblica)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Spes Pvblica (3rd emission, 271-272, Trèves)

Billon, 2.26 g, diameter 17 mm, die axis 1 h

A/ IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [SP]ES - P-VBLI[CA]; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe

EG.262
tetricus1-victoria.JPG
RIC.161 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Victoria Avg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Victoria Avg (3rd emission, 271-272, Trèves)

Billon, 2.89 g, diameter 17 mm, die axis 7 h

A/ [I]MP C TETRICVS P [F AVG]; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VICTO[-R-I-]A AVG; Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm

EG.263
tetricus-pax.JPG
RIC.100 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Pax Avg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus : Pax Avg (4th emission, 272-274, Trèves)

Billon, 2.71 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-[X] AVG; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre

EG.269
tetricus1-princ-ivvent.JPG
RIC.115var Tetricus I: antoninianus (Princ Ivvent)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Princ Ivvent (5th emission, 274, Trèves)

Billon, 3.02 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 1h

A/ IMP C TETRIC[VS P F AVG]; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [PRINC] IV-VENT; Tetricus II standing left holding baton and scepter

EG.279
tetricus1-salvs.JPG
RIC.126var Tetricus I: antoninianus (Salvs Avgg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avgg (5th emission, 274, Trèves)

Billon, 5.03 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [S]ALVS AVGG; Salus standing left, feeding serpent raising from altar and holding anchor

EG.280
tetricus1-virtvs-avgg.JPG
RIC.148 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Virtvs Avgg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Virtvs Avgg (5th emission, 274, Trèves)

Billon, 2.92 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IM[P C T]ETRI[C]VS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRTVS AVGG, Mars standing left, holding spear and leaning on shield

EG.281
tetricus1-hilaritas.JPG
RIC.79 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Hilaritas Avgg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Pax Avg (7th emission, 272-273, Cologne)

Billon, 3.37 g, diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 7h

A/ IMP TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HILA-RITAS AVGG; Hilaritas standing left, holding palm and cornucopiae

EG.311
tetricus2-spes-pvblica.JPG
RIC.272 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Spes Pvblica)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Spes Pvblica (4th emission, 272-274, Trèves)

Billon, 2.91 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 7h

A/ C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SPES-P-VBLICA; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe

EG.272
tetricus2-pietas-avgg.JPG
RIC.255 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Pietas Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pietas Avgg (6th emission, 272-273, Cologne)

Billon, 2.30 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 6h

A/ C P E TET[RICVS CAE]S; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ [P]IETAS AVGG; pontifical instruments variously arranged (vase handle on the right)

EG.305
tetricus2-pietas-avgg2.JPG
RIC.255 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Pietas Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pietas Avgg (6th emission, 272-273, Cologne)

Billon, 2.30 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 6h

A/ C P E TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ PIETAS AVGG; pontifical instruments variously arranged (vase handle on the left)

EG.305
tetricus2-spes-avg.JPG
RIC.270 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Spes Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Spes Avgg (8th emission, 273-274, Cologne)

Billon, 3.19 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 12h

A/ C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ SPE-S-AVGG; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe

EG.315
tetricus2-spes-g.JPG
RIC.270 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Spes Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Spes Avgg (8th emission, 273-274, Cologne)

Billon, 2.18 g, diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 12h

A/ C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ SPE-S-AV[GG]; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe

EG.316
tetricus2-minimus-pax.JPG
Tetricus II: minimi (Pax Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pax Avgg (274?)

Bronze, 1.90 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 6h

A/ [C PIV] ESV T[ETRICV]S CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PAX-A[VGG]; Pax standing left, wearing a helmet (!), holding a flower and a sceptre

Curious representation of Pax on this local imitation.

Galst_Skione_tags.jpg
"Plate Coin" from Galst's Ophthalmologia in Nummis & Marathaki's SkionePhoto Credit: CNG (for coin, edited)
GREEK (Archaic/Classical). Macedon, Skione AR Hemiobol (6mm, 0.34g, 1h), c. 5th century BCE.
Obv: Head of Protesilaos (?) right wearing taenia
Rev: Schematic human eye in incuse square. (Legend in incuse? Σ−K−I or var.?)
Ref: Marathaki (2014) No. 93 (E70/O67), p. 81, 284, Pl. 27, 57 (this coin illustrated; only spec. from this obv. die); Galst & van Alfen XIII.9 (this coin illustrated); HGC 3, 677 var. (no taenia).
Comparanda: Two examples of this (later?) style, otherwise unpublished: (1) BnF btv1b8590874v [LINK]; (2) Forum (Joe Sermarini, n.d.) GA73133 [LINK].
Provenance: Ex Collection of Dr. Jay M. Galst (1950-2020), w/ his tags, published in his 2013 book with Peter van Alfen, Ophthalmologia Optica et Visio in Nummis; CNG, Classical Numismatic Review vol. XXV [CNR 25] (Summer 2000), No. 22, published in Marathaki's 2014 History and Coinage of Ancient Skione in Chalcidice; CNG e-Auction 531.1 (25 Jan 2023), Lot 78.
Notes: A rarer variety of distinctly more Classical style, and depicting Protesilaos (?) wearing taenia. (Protesilaos was first to die, heroically, in the Trojan War. He fulfilled prophesy by leaping first onto the shores of Troy, knowing it meant he would be killed by Hector.) Prob. later than the usual Archaic style Hemiobol of this type. Possibly c. 423 BCE or later?
Coin-in-hand video & plate excerpt: [Imgur LINK]
1 commentsCurtis JJ
Caesar_AR-Den_Diademed-Venus-Head-Right_CAESAR_Syd-1014_Crawf_468-1_C-13_Spanish-mint_46-45-BC_Q-001_axis-7h_xxmm_x,xxxg-s.jpg
001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 468-1, Spanish, AR-denarius, CAESAR, Gallia and Gaulish captive seated,001 Caesar (100-44 B.C.), Crawf 468-1, Spanish, AR-denarius, CAESAR, Gallia and Gaulish captive seated,
avers: No legends, Diademed head of Venus right, Cupid on her shoulder.
revers: Gallia and Gaulish captive seated beneath trophy of Gallic arms, CAESAR below.
exerg: -/-//CAESAR, diameter: 18mm, weight: 3,92g, axes: 5h,
mint: Spanish, date: 46-45 B.C., ref: Crawford-468/1, Sydneham-1014,
Q-001
2 commentsquadrans
jul_caesar~0.jpg
001a. Julius CaesarBorn in a patrician family, but he became identified as an advocate for the Roman public, as opposed to the Senatorial class. In 60 BC, he, Crassus, and Pompey formed the First Triumvirate. This alliance crumbled and Pompey became an opponent. Caesar had major successes in his campaigns in Gaul, but faced a political crisis in Rome. As a result, he occupied Rome with his legions in 49 BC. He won the civil war against Pompey and his adherents, but generally pardoned his opponents. He was appointed as dictator, first for limited terms and then for life. He was assassinated on 15 March 44 BC.

Coin: Denarius. 46-45 BC. Spanish mint. Obv: Diademed head of Venus right, Cupid on her shoulder. Rev: CAESAR below Gallia and Gaulish captive seated beneath trophy of Gallic arms. Crawford 468/1.
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decius2.jpg
001c. Decimus BrutusDecimus Junius Brutus Albinus (27 April 81 BC – September 43 BC) was a supporter of Caesar, and Caesar reportedly was very fond of him, naming him a secondary heir in his will. Brutus was a very successful military commander He later was one of Caesar's assassins. He should not be confused with his relative Marcus Brutus (of much greater fame). In the later civil war, he fought against Mark Antony, but Octavian gave him little support. He was killed by a Gallic chief loyal to Mark Antony.

Coin: Denarius. 48 BC. 17.7mm, 3.84 g. Rome mint. Obv: Bust of Pietas right, with earring and pearl necklace. PIETAS right. Rev: Clasped hands holding winged caduceus. ALBINVS BRVTI F below. Crawford 540/2. Sydenham 942. A FORUM coin.
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vindex~0.jpg
007a. Civil Wars 68-69The Civil Wars erupted in Gaul in March 68 under the leadership of Vindex, quickly followed by Galba in Spain. Vindex was beaten, but Galba's revolt continued. Clodius Macer also rose up in Africa. About a year later, in March 69, pro-Vitellian forces rose up in Gaul. Finally, in late 69, a separate widespread revolt under the leadership of Julius Civilis erupted in Southern Gaul, but eventually was crushed. Some portrait coins were struck, but the majority of coinage from this period was one of three types: 1) denarii with the portrait of Augustus; 2) denarii with symbolic devices; and 3) bronze coins of Nero that were overstruck with SPQR [an example of this type of coin is in the Civil Wars gallery].

Coin: Vindex AR Denarius. Uncertain Gallic Mint, AD 68. SALVS GENERIS [HVM]ANI, Victory standing to left on globe, holding palm branch and wreath / S P Q R, within corona civica with circular jewel in bezel at apex. RIC I 72 (Civil War); BMCRE 34. 3.35g, 17mm, 6h. From a private German collection; Ex Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Auction 341, 1 October 2020, lot 5810. Roma Numismatics Auction 85 Lot 1604.
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007a1. Civil WarVindex AR Denarius. Uncertain Gallic Mint, AD 68. SALVS GENERIS [HVM]ANI, Victory standing to left on globe, holding palm branch and wreath / S P Q R, within corona civica with circular jewel in bezel at apex. RIC I 72 (Civil War); BMCRE 34. 3.35g, 17mm, 6h. From a private German collection; Ex Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Auction 341, 1 October 2020, lot 5810. Roma Numismatics Auction 85 Lot 1604.1 commentslawrence c
Denario_Marco_Antonio_LEG_III.jpg
04-03 - MARCO ANTONIO (43 - 30 A.C.)2do. triunvirato (43 - 30 A.C.)
AR denario Legionario 17 mm 3.1 gr.

Anv: Galera Pretoriana navegando a derecha con cetro y estandarte en proa - "ANT AVG" arriba y "III VIR.R.P.C." debajo.
Rev: "LEG III" (Legión III - Gallica) - Aquila (Aguila Legionaria) volando entre dos estandartes militares.

Acuñada 32/31 A.C.
Ceca: Patrae ? - Grecia

Según Sear RCTV Vol.1 Pag.284 : "La celebrada acuñación legionaria de Marco Antorio fue producida con gran probabilidad en los Cuarteles de invierno de Patrae poco antes de la Campaña de Actian. Se realizó honrando a 23 Legiones (Leg.PRI a LEG.XXIII) así como a la Guardia Pretoriana (Guardia Personal de los Emperadores) y la Cohorte de Speculatores (Escuadrón de reconocimiento, mensajería e inteligencia militar)."

Referencias: Craw RRC #544/15 - Syd CRR #1217 - BMCRR (este) #193 - RSC Vol.1 #29 Pag.124 - Cohen Vol.1 #28 Pag.41 - Babelon MRRB#107
mdelvalle
Craw_544_1_Denario_Marco_Antonio.jpg
04-03 - MARCO ANTONIO (43 - 30 A.C.)2do. triunvirato (43 - 30 A.C.)
AR denario Legionario 17 mm 3.1 gr.

Anv: Galera Pretoriana navegando a derecha con cetro y estandarte en proa - "ANT AVG" arriba y "III VIR.R.P.C." debajo.
Rev: "LEG III" (Legión III - Gallica) - Aquila (Aguila Legionaria) volando entre dos estandartes militares.

Acuñada 32/31 A.C.
Ceca: Patrae ? - Grecia

Según Sear RCTV Vol.1 Pag.284 : "La celebrada acuñación legionaria de Marco Antorio fue producida con gran probabilidad en los Cuarteles de invierno de Patrae poco antes de la Campaña de Actian. Se realizó honrando a 23 Legiones (Leg.PRI a LEG.XXIII) así como a la Guardia Pretoriana (Guardia Personal de los Emperadores) y la Cohorte de Speculatores (Escuadrón de reconocimiento, mensajería e inteligencia militar)."

Referencias: Craw RRC #544/15 - Syd CRR #1217 - BMCRR (este) #193 - RSC Vol.1 #29 Pag.124 - Cohen Vol.1 #28 Pag.41 - Babelon MRRB#107
mdelvalle
Rep_AR-Den_L_HOSTILIVS-SASERNA_Crawford-448-3_Syd-953_Rome_48-BC_Q-001_axis-6h_18mm_3,93g-s.jpg
048 B.C., L.Hostilius Saserna, Republic AR-Denarius, Crawford 448/3, L•HOSTILIVS SASERNA, Diana of Ephesus standing faceing,L.Hostilius Saserna (48 B.C.), Republic AR-Denarius, Crawford 448/3, L•HOSTILIVS SASERNA, Diana of Ephesus standing facing,
avers: Head of Gallia right, Gallic trumpet (carnyx) behind.
reverse: L•HOSTILIVS SASERNA, Diana of Ephesus standing facing, holding spear and stag by its antler.
exergue: - /-//--, diameter: 18mm, weight: 3,93g, axis: 6h,
mint: Rome, date: 48 B.C., ref: Crawford 448/3, Sydenham 953, CRI 19, Hostilia 4,
Q-001
9 commentsquadrans
normal_postumus_2.jpg
052a. PostumusAugustus "Gallic Empire" 260 - 269

Of Batavian origin and Roman commander in Gaul. As pressures mounted on Roman rule in Gaul, he established an independent government in Gaul, Germania, Britannia and Hispania in 260. The emperors in Rome did not have the power to regain control over his territory. In 269, troops loyal to Laelianus (one of Postumus’s commanders) rose in revolt in Mogontiacum (Mainz). Postumus removed the threat, but as a result of his refusal to allow his troops to sack Mainz, some of his troops killed him.

Coin: Antoninianus. Colonia Agrippinensis, AD 268. IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust to right / IOVI VICTORI, Jupiter walking to left, head to right, holding sceptre and thunderbolt. RIC V.2 311; Mairat, 2014 (unpublished PhD thesis), 481; RSC 161a. 3.44g, 19mm, 12h.
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normal_marius_0.jpg
056a. MariusAugustus "Gallic Empire" May - August/September 269.

Successor to Postumus in Gallic Empire. Marius reputedly was a former blacksmith who rose through the ranks of the army. He was proclaimed emperor by soldiers after the death of Postumus. Marius then was killed by his own troops.

Coin: AE Antoninianus. Mint II (Treveri?). Obv: IMP C M AVR MARIVS AVG, radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right. Rev: VICTORIA AVG, Victory standing left, holding wreath and palm. RIC 17, Schulzki 7b, Elmer 638, Cunetio 2509; Sear 11123-11124. A FORUM coin.
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victorinus.jpg
058a. VictorinusAugustus "Gallic Empire" Summer 269 - Fall 271

One of the more successful generals for Postumus, he was chosen as Augustus after Marius was assassinated. He faced a number of internal revolts and the secession of many of the outlying territories of the Gallic Empire. Killed in Cologne by an officer whose wife he had seduced.

Coin: BI Antoninianus. Treveri, AD 269. IMP C PIAV VICTORINVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust to right / FIDES MILITVM, Fides standing to left, holding two standards. RIC V.2 109 (Colonia Agrippinensis); Mairat, 2014 (unpublished PhD thesis), 562. 2.81g, 19mm, 6h. Roma Numismatics Auc 107, Lot 1139.
1 commentslawrence c
normal_aua~0.jpg
060a. AurelianAugustus October 270 - October/November 275

Probably born in Illyricum of peasant background. Rose through ranks of army. Proclaimed emperor about May 270 by the legions in Sirmium and defeated Quintillus. As emperor, had significant military victories and largely restabilized the frontiers, including the Gallic secessionist state. Killed by some officers after they feared he would punish them.

Coin: Antoninianus. Rome mint. AD 274-275. Obv: IMP AVRELIANVS AVG, radiate, cuirassed bust right. Rev: ORIENS AVG, Sol walking left, holding globe and raising right hand, foot on one of two captives at foot. Mintmark T. RIC V-I, 62; Sear 11572. Britanikus Auction.
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normal_tetb~0~0.jpg
061a. Tetricus IAugustus "Gallic Empire" 271 - 274 AD

Nephew of Victorina, mother of Victorinus, who nominated him. Lost a battle to Aurelian, and the Gallic Empire was restored to Roman control. The battle itself may have been essentially a sham (except of course for the soldiers who fought and died), because both Tetricus and his son Tetricus II survived and in fact prospered as nobles in the empire.

Coin: Billon Antoninianus. IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG, radiate draped bust right / SPES PVBLICA, Spes advancing left holding flower and raising hem of skirt. RIC 136. NGC VF.
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0001JUL.jpg
Caesar_den.jpg
1) Julius Caesar Denarius - RSC 13Julius Caesar
AR Denarius.
46-45 BC, military mint traveling with Caesar in Spain

Diademed head of Venus right, Cupid on her shoulder / CAESAR below Gallia & Gaulish captive seated beneath trophy of Gallic arms.

Syd 1014, Crawford 468/1, RSC 13, sear5 #1404
RM0019
Sosius
Hostilius_Saserna_Den_2.jpg
1) The Caesarians: L. Hostilius Saserna AR denariusROMAN REPUBLIC
L. Hostilius Saserna
AR denarius (20mm, 3.79 g, 12h). 48 BC

Head of Gallia r., hair in disarray; carnyx (Gallic trumpet) behind / L. HOSTILIVS [S]ASERNA, Diana (Artemis) of Ephesus standing facing, holding spear and stag by its antler.

Crawford 448/3. CRI 19. RSC Hostilia 4. Obverse flan flaw, otherwise ~EF

Ex Heritage
RM0028
1 commentsSosius
Aurelianus_AE-Ant_IMP-AVRELIANVS-AVG_ORI-E-NS-AVG_A-XXI-R_RIC-V-63-p-RIC-T-1790_off-1_iss-10_Rome_274-AD_Q-001_11h_20,5-21,5mm_3,59g-s~0.jpg
106 Aurelianus (270-275 A.D.), T-1790, RIC V-I 063, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, ORIENS AVG, -/-/AXXIR, Sol standing facing, head left, #1106 Aurelianus (270-275 A.D.), T-1790, RIC V-I 063, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, ORIENS AVG, -/-/AXXIR, Sol standing facing, head left, #1
avers:- IMP AVRELIANVS AVG, Radiated, cuirassed bust right. (B1)
revers:- ORIENS AVG, Sol standing facing, head left, with right hand raised and holding globe in left hand; at feet, on each side, a bound and seated captive, both head turned back; the captive on the left is in oriental dress, the captive on the right is bearded and in Gallic costume. (Sol 2e)
exerg: -/-/AXXIR, diameter: 20,5-21,5mm, weight: 3,59g, axes: 11h,
mint: Rome, iss-10, ph-, off-1, date: 274 A.D., ref: T-1790 (Estiot), RIC V-I 63, p-,
Q-001
quadrans
Aurelianus_AE-Ant_IMP-AVRELIANVS-AVG_ORI-E-NS-AVG_A-XXI-R_RIC-V-63-p-RIC-T-1790_off-1_iss-10_Rome_274-AD_Q-002_6h_21-21,5mm_2,94g-s.jpg
106 Aurelianus (270-275 A.D.), T-1790, RIC V-I 063, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, ORIENS AVG, -/-/AXXIR, Sol standing facing, head left, #2106 Aurelianus (270-275 A.D.), T-1790, RIC V-I 063, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, ORIENS AVG, -/-/AXXIR, Sol standing facing, head left, #2
avers:- IMP AVRELIANVS AVG, Radiated, cuirassed bust right. (B1)
revers:- ORIENS AVG, Sol standing facing, head left, with right hand raised and holding globe in left hand; at feet, on each side, a bound and seated captive, both head turned back; the captive on the left is in oriental dress, the captive on the right is bearded and in Gallic costume. (Sol 2e)
exerg: -/-/AXXIR, diameter: 21-21,5mm, weight: 2,94g, axes: 6h,
mint: Rome, iss-10, ph-, off-1, date: 274 A.D., ref: T-1790 (Estiot), RIC V-I 63, p-,
Q-002
quadrans
11-Alex-Pella-P527.jpg
11. "Pella": Tetradrachm in the name of Alexander the Great.Tetradrachm, ca 280 - 275 BC, "Pella" mint.
Obverse: Head of Alexander as Herakles, wearing lion's skin headdress.
Reverse: ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ / Zeus sitting, holding his attendant eagle and sceptre. Monogram under throne, Triton at left.
16.95 gm., 29 mm.
P. #527.

Following the overthrow of Demetrios Poliorketes by Lysimachos in 288 BC, there was a period of about a dozen years where no ruler was able to establish himself for any length of time in Macedonia. In 277 BC, Antigonos Gonatas achieved a victory over Gallic invaders in Thrace, and that enabled him to claim his father's throne. He ruled until 239 BC and the Macedonian kingdom prospered during his reign.
This coin was issued about the time Antigonos became king and established his own coinage. The decade 280 - 270 BC was a troubled one for the area due to the Gallic invasions (279 - 276 BC), and coins in the name of Alexander the Great from this decade are not common.
Callimachus
A-08_Rep_AR-Den_L_Pomponius-Cn_f__L_POMPONI_CNF_-Helm-head-Roma-r__L_LIC_CN_DOM_-biga-r__Crawford-282-4_Syd-522_Rome_118-BC_Q-001_1h_19,5mm_3,74g-s.jpg
112-109 B.C., L. Pomponius Cn. f., L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, Republic AR-Denarius Serratus, Crawford 282/4, Rome, Gallic warrior in biga right, -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, #1112-109 B.C., L. Pomponius Cn. f., L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, Republic AR-Denarius Serratus, Crawford 282/4, Rome, Gallic warrior in biga right, -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, #1
avers: L•POMPONI•CNF (NF ligate), Helmeted head of Roma right, X behind.
reverse: Gallic warrior (Bituitus?) driving galloping biga right, hurling spear and holding shield and carnyx, in ex. L•LIC•CN•DOM•,
exergue: -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, diameter: 19,5mm, weight: 3,74g, axis: 1h,
mint: Rome, date: 118 B.C., ref: Crawford 282/4, Syd 522a, Pomponia 7a,
Q-001
quadrans
112-109_B_C_,_L_Pomponius_Cn_f_,_L_Licinius_Crassus,_Cn_Domitius_Ahenobarbus,_AR-Den,_L_POMPONI_CNF,_X,_L_LIC_CN_DOM_ROMA_Crwf-282-4,_Syd-522,_Rome_Q-001_2h_19-19,5mm_3,73g-s.jpg
112-109 B.C., L. Pomponius Cn. f., L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, Republic AR-Denarius Serratus, Crawford 282/4, Rome, Gallic warrior in biga right, -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, #2112-109 B.C., L. Pomponius Cn. f., L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, Republic AR-Denarius Serratus, Crawford 282/4, Rome, Gallic warrior in biga right, -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, #2
avers: L•POMPONI•CNF (NF ligate), Helmeted head of Roma right, X behind.
reverse: Gallic warrior (Bituitus?) driving galloping biga right, hurling spear and holding shield and carnyx, in ex. L•LIC•CN•DOM•,
exergue: -/-//L•LIC•CN•DOM•, diameter: 19,0-19,5mm, weight: 3,73g, axis: 2h,
mint: Rome, date: 118 B.C., ref: Crawford 282/4, Syd 522a, Pomponia 7a,
Q-002
quadrans
Sergius_Silius.jpg
116-115 BC M. Sergius SilusHelmeted head of Roma right
EX SC before, ROMA and XVI in monogram gehind

Helmeted horseman galloping left, holding sword and severed Gallic head in left hand
M SERGI below, SILVS in ex, Q below horses's forelegs

Rome 116-115 BC

3.91g
VF+

Sear 163, RRC 286/1

This issuer strikes as a quaestor and by special decree of the Senate (EX Senatus Consulto). Quaestors were the immediate superiors of the moneyers and under unusual circumstances occasionally utilized their authority to produce coins.

Ex-Lucernae

2011 Forum Best of Type winner
8 commentsJay GT4
1189_-_1199_Richard_I_AR_Denier.JPG
1189 - 1199, RICHARD I (the lionheart), AR Denier minted at Melle, Poitou, FranceObverse: +RICARDVS REX. Cross pattée within braided inner circle, all within braided outer circle.
Reverse: PIC / TAVIE / NSIS in three lines within braided circle.
Diameter: 20mm | Weight: 1.0gms | Die Axis: 2h
SPINK: 8008 | Elias: 8

Poitou was an Anglo-Gallic province in what is now west-central France and its capital city was Poitiers, the mint at this time was however located at Melle. Melle was an active centre of minting during the early Middle Ages due to the important silver mines located under and around the city. This is the only coin issue struck during the reign of Richard I to bear his own name and titles as King of England.

Richard I was King of England from 1189 until his death on 6th April 1199. He also ruleNormandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, as well as being overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. He was the third of five sons of Kind several territories outwith England, and was styled as Duke of g Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine. He was known as Richard the Lionheart (Richard Cœur de Lion) because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior when, at the age of 16 and commanding his own army, he had put down rebellions against his father in Poitou.
Richard was a commander during the Third Crusade, and led the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France. However, although he scored several notable victories against the Muslims led by Saladin, he failed to retake Jerusalem from them.
Although Richard was born in England and spent his childhood there before becoming king, he lived most of his adult life in the Duchy of Aquitaine. Following his accession, his life was mostly spent on Crusade, in captivity, or actively defending his lands in France. Rather than regarding England as a responsibility requiring his presence as ruler, he appears to have used it merely as a source of revenue to support his armies. Nevertheless, he was seen as a pious hero by his subjects and he remains one of the few kings of England who is remembered by his epithet rather than by his regnal number, and even today he is still an iconic figure in both England and France.
2 comments*Alex
Rep_AR-Den_M_Furius_L__f_Philus_MdotFOVRIdotLdotF_PHIL_ROMA_Crawford-281-1_Syd-529_Furia-18_Rome_119-BC_Q-001_7h_18-21mm_3,85ga-s.jpg
119 B.C., M. Furius, L.f. Philus, Rebublic AR-Denarius, Crawford-281-1, Rome, Roma standing left erecting trophy, ROMA, #1119 B.C., M. Furius, L.f. Philus, Rebublic AR-Denarius, Crawford-281-1, Rome, Roma standing left erecting trophy, ROMA, #1
avers: M•FOVRI•L•F around, Laureate head of Janus.
reverse: Roma standing left erecting trophy, gallic arms around, ROMA to right, PHLI in ex.
exergue: -/-//PHLI, diameter: 18,0-21,0mm, weight: 3,85g, axis: 7h,
mint: Rome, date: 119 B.C., ref: Crawford 281-1, Syd 529, Furia-18,
Q-001
1 commentsquadrans
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