| Image search results - "Christ" |
probably a Byzantine trachy of the Latin occupation (1204-1261). Obv: Bust of Christ. Rev: Standing emperor holding scepter cruciger and globus cruciger. Dumbarton Oaks Vol IV, pl. XLIX, 4, and Sear 2024.Alexios
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Bulgarian trachy of Constantine Tich Asen (1257-1277). Obv: Bust of Christ. Rev: Czar on horseback, holding scepter topped with patriarchal cross. Dumbarton Oaks Vol IV, pl. XLVIII B (3). Alexios
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Bulgarian trachy of Constantine Tich Asen (1257-1277). Obv: Bust of Christ, + in left and right fields. Rev: Standing czar holding labarum-headed scepter and globus. Reference: Dumbarton Oaks Vol IV, pl. XLVIII B (1), and Radushev p.171.
Alexios
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Anonymous Class C Follis, attributed to Michael IV.
Obverse: +EMMANOVHA. Christ Antiphonetes,
nimbate, standing facing / IC-XC-NI-KA divided by
jewelled cross. Coin #412
cars100
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An Anonymous Follis Class A 2 coin, type 21
Obverse: Christ facing, holding book of gospels IC to left XC to rightEmmanovha IC XC (God with us)
Reverse: +IhSYS XRISTYS bASILEY bASILE (Jesus Christ, King of Kings)
Sear attributes it to the joint reign of Basil II and Constantine VIII 1020-1028 AD
Grierson in DOC says Romanus III and into Michael IV's
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Romanus III, Class B Follis, Constantinople, 1028-1034 AD
IC to left, XC to right
Christ, bust facing, square in each limb of nimbus cross,
holding book of gospels
IS-XS / BAS-ILE / BAS-ILE
cross with dots at the ends, on three steps
SB 1823
11.8g / 27mm
Antonivs Protti
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Medaillen
Deutsches Reich
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller war ein bedeutender deutsche Dichter, Dramatiker, Philosoph und Historiker (*1759 in Marbach am Neckar, + 1805 in Weimar)
Zinnmedaille
Signiert W.S (Wenzel Seidan)
Undatiert (1859)
Auf den 100. Geburtstag Schillers gewidmet vom Prager Schiller-Verein
Vs: Umschrift, darin bekleidetes Brustbild nach rechts.
Rs: Sieben Zeilen Schrift zwischen zwei Lorbeerzweigen
7,5 g ; 26,0 mm
Kleine Randunebenheiten, Vorzüglich _1193Antonivs Protti
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Dänemark
Christian XI. 1863-1906
2 Öre
1886
Münzstätte: Kopenhagen
Vs.: Gekröntes Monogramm
Rs.: Nominal flankiert von Delfin und Ähre
Zitat: KM# 793.1
Erhaltung: Kratzer, ansonsten sehr schön - fast vorzüglich
Metall: Bronze
21 mm, 3,79 g _399Antonivs Protti
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GEORGIAN KINGDOM, QUEEN TAMAR, (1184-1213 AD) K'ORONIKON, 420 = 1200 AD; Obv.: Bagratid royal emblem in the form of a standard, to left and right: Initials for T'amar and David; in the corners, Georgian date formula, K'K Ví K (420 of the Paschal cycle = AD 1200). Two Counterstamps. Rev.: Christian inscriptions in arabic script, which reads: 1st line: Malekat al-Malekaat(s) / 2nd line Jellal Al-Dunya Wal Din / 3rd line : Tamar Ibnat Kurki / 4th line : Zahir Al-Massih. Translation: Queen of Queens Glory of the World and Faith T'amar daughter of Giorgi Champion of the Messiah. Reference: LANG # 11.
Reverse inscriptions read :
ملكة الملكات
جلال الدنيا و الدين
تمار ابنة كوركى
ظهير Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø³ÙŠØ dpaul7
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John Comnenus-Ducas. As emperor of Thessalonica, 1237-1242. BI Trachy (14mm, 0.38 g, 6h). Thessalonica mint. Facing bust of Christ Pantokrator / Facing busts John and St. Demetrius, holding patriarchal cross between them. DOC –; SB –; NAC 56, lot 830 (hammer 800 CHF). VF, dark green patina, obverse struck with worn die, ragged flan. Extremely rare.
From the Iconodule Collection.Quant.Geek
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Manuel I Comnenus. 1143-1180. BI Aspron Trachy (30mm, 2.62 g, 6h). Constantinople mint. Struck 1167-1183(?). Christ Pantokrator enthroned facing; star to either side / Manuel standing facing, wearing loros, being crowned by the Theotokos (Virgin Mary) standing left. DOC 13d; SB 1966Quant.Geek
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JAMES III
James III was crowned at Kelso Abbey in 1460 at the age of nine, he was the son of James II and Mary of Guelders. During his childhood, the government was led by successive factions until 1469 when he began to rule for himself. That same year he married Princess Margaret of Denmark. Margaret's father, King Christian I of Denmark and Norway was unable to raise the full amount of her dowry so pledged his lands and rights in Orkney and Shetland as security for the remainder. But Christian I was never able to redeem his pledge, and Orkney and Shetland have remained Scottish possessions ever since.
Soon after his marriage, James faced great difficulties in restoring a strong central government. His preference for the company of scholars, architects and artists coupled with his extravagance and partiality to favourites alienated him from the loyalty of his nobles. Even his own brothers, Alexander, Duke of Albany and John, Earl of Mar regarded him with jealousy verging on hatred. In 1479, James' brothers were arrested on suspicion of conspiring against the Crown. John Stewart, the Earl of Mar, died in suspicious circumstances, whilst Alexander Stewart, the Duke of Albany, escaped and fled to England.
The ever-present English threat had been temporarily solved by a truce with Edward IV in 1463 but James' estrangement from his brothers and a strong faction within the Scottish nobility led to the final loss of Berwick.
Although James had tried to settle his differences with Alexander, Duke of Albany, his brother again tried to take his throne in a coup after Edward IV recognised him as Alexander IV of Scotland in 1482. Some minor members of James III's household were hanged, including Robert Cochrane, the king's favourite. But James was removed to Edinburgh Castle where he survived and Alexander was exiled to France.
After his queen's death in 1486, James lived in increasing isolation amidst the growing resentment of the nobility. Finally, in 1488, the Scottish nobles seized James' eldest son, also called James, placed him at their head, and rose against the king. At the Battle of Sauchieburn, three miles from Stirling, James III, defeated, was thrown from his horse as he fled from the field. He was carried into a nearby cottage where he was set upon and stabbed to death.
James III was buried at Cambuskenneth Abbey near Stirling and his son, the figurehead of the revolt against him, was hailed as James IV.
*Alex
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Tranqeubar, Christian V, 1 Kas ND, UBJ 145, KM 95, Sieg 36.2, nice.
VF Quant.Geek
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JUSTINIAN I, AE Follis (40 Nummi), struck 529 - 533 at Antioch (Theoupolis)Obverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Justinian enthroned facing, holding long sceptre in his right hand and globus cruciger in his left.
Reverse: Large M, cross above and officina letter (Δ = 4th Officina) below, asterisk in field to left of M and outward facing crescent in field to right; in exergue, +THEUP
Diameter: 34mm | Weight: 18.69gms | Die Axis: 5
SBCV: 214 | DOC: 206d.1
Much of Antioch was destroyed by a great earthquake on 29th November 528 and, following this disaster, the city was renamed Theoupolis.
530: In the spring of this year Belisarius and Hermogenes (magister officiorum) defeated a combined Persian-Arab army of 50,000 men at the Battle of Dara in modern Turkey, and in the summer a Byzantine cavalry force under the command of Sittas defeated a major Persian invasion into Roman Armenia at the Battle of Satala.
531: On April 19th, at the Battle of Callinicum, a Byzantine army commanded by Belisarius, was defeated by the Persians at Raqqa in northern Syria. Nevertheless, Justinian negotiated an end to the hostilities and Belisarius was hailed as a hero.
532: On January 11th this year anger among the supporters of the most important chariot teams in Constantinople, the Blues and the Greens, escalated into violence towards the emperor. For the next five days the city was in chaos and the fires that started during the rioting resulted in the destruction of much of the city. This insurrection, known as the Nika riots, was put down a week later by Belisarius and Mundus resulting in 30,000 people being killed in the Hippodrome.
On February 23rd Justinian ordered the building of a new Christian basilica in Constantinople, the Hagia Sophia. More than 10,000 people were employed in the construction using material brought from all over the empire.
*Alex
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JUSTINIAN I, AE Half-Follis (20 Nummi), struck 529 – 533 at Antioch (Theoupolis)Obverse: D N IVSTINIANVS P P AVG. Justinian I enthroned facing, holding long sceptre in his right hand and globus cruciger in his left.
Reverse: Large K, Large latin cross to left dividing letters T–H/Є–U/O/P; officina letter to right of K (Δ = fourth officina).
Diameter: 28mm | Weight: 8.4gms | Die Axis: 11
SBCV: 225 | DOC: 208.6
Rare
Much of Antioch was destroyed by a great earthquake on 29th November 528 and, following this disaster, the city was renamed Theoupolis.
530: In the spring of this year Belisarius and Hermogenes (magister officiorum) defeated a combined Persian-Arab army of 50,000 men at the Battle of Dara in modern Turkey, and in the summer a Byzantine cavalry force under the command of Sittas defeated a major Persian invasion into Roman Armenia at the Battle of Satala.
531: On April 19th, at the Battle of Callinicum, a Byzantine army commanded by Belisarius, was defeated by the Persians at Raqqa in northern Syria. Nevertheless, Justinian negotiated an end to the hostilities and Belisarius was hailed as a hero.
532: On January 11th this year anger among the supporters of the most important chariot teams in Constantinople, the Blues and the Greens, escalated into violence towards the emperor. For the next five days the city was in chaos and the fires that started during the rioting resulted in the destruction of much of the city. This insurrection, known as the Nika riots, was put down a week later by Belisarius and Mundus resulting in 30,000 people being killed in the Hippodrome.
On February 23rd Justinian ordered the building of a new Christian basilica in Constantinople, the Hagia Sophia. More than 10,000 people were employed in the construction using material brought from all over the empire.
*Alex
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Louis XIV (1643 - 1715), AE (Brass) Jeton struck c.1644 – 1645Obverse: LVD•XIIII•D:G•FR•ET•NA•REX. Laureate and cuirassed youthful bust of Louis XIV facing right; • B • (for Briot) below.
Reverse: CONSILIO•NIL•NISI•. The escutcheon of France, surrounded by the chain of the Ordre du Saint-Esprit (Order of the Holy Spirit): Necklace and Cross. The legend translates as “He undertakes nothing without Council”, a reference to the administrative council of the king.
Dimensions: 25.65mm | Weight: 5.4gms | Die Axis: 12
Ref. Feuardent: 239 var.
Struck at the Monnaie de Louvre mint, Paris, France
Die engraver: Nicholas Briot
Nicholas Briot (c.1579–1646) was an innovative French coin engraver, medallist and mechanical engineer, who is credited with the invention of the coining-press. He emigrated to England in 1625 and in 1626 he was commissioned to make 'puncheons and dies' for the Coronation of Charles I. His Coronation Medal established his reputation and he went on to produce a considerable number of dies for medals and coins in the following years. In 1633, he was appointed chief engraver to the Royal Mint and went to Scotland to prepare and coin the coronation pieces of Charles I. These demonstrated both his artistic skill and the technical superiority of his new coining machinery and in 1635, on the death of Sir John Foulis, Briot was appointed Master of the Mint in Scotland and superintended the Scottish coinage for several years. Briot was then recalled to England by the King, and on the outbreak of the English Civil War he took possession of the coining apparatus at the Tower and had it removed 'for the purpose of continuing the coining operations in the cause of the King'. Briot travelled to France in the early 1640's and sent coining presses to his brother Isaac, now in a senior position at the Paris Mint, he died on Christmas Eve 1646.*Alex
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680 - 710, ANGLO-SAXON, AR Sceat, struck c.685 - 700 at Essex or East Anglia, EnglandObverse: Pearl diademed head facing right within ouroboros (serpent eating its tail), unintelligible pseudo legend around.
Reverse: Bird standing facing right upon cross, annulets on either side, all within ouroboros (serpent eating its tail), unintelligible pseudo legend around.
Primary Phase, Series BI
Diameter: 12mm | Weight: 1.05gms | Die Axis: 12h
SPINK: 777 | Metcalf: 100 - 106 | Abramson (Sceatta List): 16 - 40
This coin was struck at the time in which the Beowulf legend was set, though the coin predates the earliest manuscript of that saga by about three centuries. These coins constitute the earliest indigenous currency found on the British Isles and they are a fascinating glimpse into the so called "Dark Ages" during the post-Roman period.
The departure of the Romans sometime around 414 AD induced the inhabitants to create their own coinage. These primary phase sceattas are among the earliest of all Anglo-Saxon coinage and are generally thought to be modelled after coinages found in the surrounding areas and, of course, based on the earlier coinage from the Roman Empire. Most scholars now believe that the word "sceat" has been a misinterpretation of the word for "weight" and that the coin would probably have been classed as a denier or a penny. However, while archaeological finds and further research has provided more information on where these types may have been created, there is still little known about under whom they were struck.
This was a time of transition from paganism to Christianity, and these coins often show elements of both, featuring mysterious birds and beasts as well as crosses. This particular coin has not only a cross and a bird, but some wonderful ouroboros "snake circles" used as borders on both sides as well. The fantastical imagery and designs often found on these coins can be very attractive to many collectors.*Alex
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71 Constantine II Ex John Quincy Adams CollectionAE Follis, Trier Mint
RIC VII Trier 539, Sear (2014) 17314
Ex John Quincy Adams Collection, 6th President of the United States, and His Descendants, ex Massachusetts Historical Society Collection, ex Stack’s Sale, 5-6 March 1971, Lot # 948
Bought by Christian Blom, then sold to Smithsonian Institution underwater archaeologist Mendel Peterson, then to D.C. coin dealer Gene Brandenburg, then to me.Sosius
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8 LiciniusAE Follis, Thessalonica Mint, 312-313 AD
RIC VI Thessalonica 59
Ex John Quincy Adams Collection, 6th President of the United States, and His Descendants, ex Massachusetts Historical Society Collection, ex Stack’s Sale, 5-6 March 1971, Lot # 944
Bought by Christian Blom, then sold to Smithsonian Institution underwater archaeologist Mendel Peterson, then to D.C. coin dealer Gene Brandenburg, then to me.Sosius
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Aelia Eudoxia, RIC X 104 AntiochAelia Eudoxia, AE3, 400-404 CE
Obverse: AEL EVDO_XIA AVG, Pearl-diademed, draped bust right, wearing pearl necklace and earrings, hair elaborately weaved with long plait up the back of head and tucked under diadem, hand of God holding wreath above head.
Reverse: SALVS REI_PVBLICAE, Victory seated right on cuirass, inscribing Christogram on shield set on a column
ANTG in exergue Antioch, Officina 3. 17.05mm., 1.4 g.
sold 2-2018NORMAN K
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Alexius III AE Trachy S-2012
Alexius III AE Trachy S-2012 DOC 3
Beardless, nimbate bust of Christ, wearing tunic and kolobion; holds scroll in l. hand. Pellet s in each limb of nimbus cross.
REV Full length figure of Emperor on l. and of St. Constantine nimbate, holding between then Globus crucgier. Emperor and Saint wear stemma,divitision, collar piece and jeweled loros of simplified type; both hold labarum headed scepterBritanikus
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Byzantine Empire: Alexius I Comnenus (1081-1118) BI Aspron Trachy Nomisma, Philippopolis? (Sear 1936; DOC VI.31)Obv: +KЄROHΘ ΛΛЄΞIШ; IC XC in field; Christ, bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and kolobion, seated upon throne without back; holds Gospels in left hand
Rev: Δ/ЄC/ΠO/T - TШ/KO/M/N; Full-length figure of emperor wearing divitision, collar-piece, and paneled loros of simplified type; holds in right hand scepter with large labarum as head - in which generally a cross; and in left hand, globus cruciger Quant.Geek
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Byzantine Empire: Æ Anonymous Class I Follis, Attributed to Nicephorus III (Sear-1889, DOC I.1-64)Obv: Facing bust of Christ Pantokrator
Rev: Latin cross with central X and globus and two pellets at the end of each extremity; crescents to upper left and right, floral scroll below Quant.Geek
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Divus Constantine I, Posthumous commemorative AE4, 337-341 CEObverse: DN CONSTANTI-NVS PT AVGG, veiled head right.
Reverse: No legend, the deified Constantine driving quadriga right, hand of god reaching down from above, star at upper left.
SMANS in ex. Antioch mint, 2nd officina. RIV VIII 37, 16.6 mm, 1.4 g.
It is ironic that Constantine, who tradition tells us was the first Christian emperor (although he only actually became one on his death bed), should have been honored with pagan deification and commemorated posthumously with traditional pagan symbolism as found on this coin. He was the last emperor to be so honored.
NORMAN K
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Henry VII (1485- 1509 A.D.)AR Half Groat
O: ҺЄnRIC’ × VII’ × DI’ × GRΛ × RЄX × ΛGL’, crowned bust right.
R: POSVI × DЄV’ × Λ DIVTO Є’ × mЄV’ ×, coat-of-arms over long cross fourchée; two keys below.
York Mint; under Archbishop Christopher Bainbridge Struck 1504-1509. IM: Rose
19mm
1.46g
SCBI 23 (Ashmolean), 964; North 1751/1; SCBC 2262Mat
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Johannes (A.D. 423-425)AE Follis (AE4), A.D. 423-425, Rome, 12.0mm, 1.06g, 0°, RIC X 1916, rare.
Obv: D N IOHANN-ES P F AVG. diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right.
Rev: SALVS REI-PVBL[ICE]. Victory advancing left, holding trophy and dragging captive; Christogram to left.Marti Vltori
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Latin trachy type C small module Sear 2046small module as SB 2023
Obverse:MP_OV barred in upper fields. Virgin nimbate, wearing tunic and maphorion, seated upon throne with back;holds beardless nimbate head of Christ on breast.
Reverse. Emperor seated on throne without back, collar-peice and paneled loros of simplified type; holds in r. hand labarum-headed scepter, and in l., anexikakia. Manus Dei in upper rt. field.
Mint:?Constantinople
Date 1204-
SB 2046, DOC LIII,32
15mm
wileyc
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Manuel I Komnenus clipped billion aspron trachy SB1964Obverse: The Virgin enthroned facing, nimbate and wearing pallium and maphrium, she holds nimbate head of the infant Christ facing; to l. MP to r. Theta V.
Reverse: MANUHA AECIIOTHC or similar, Manuel stg. facing wearing crown, divitision and chlamys and holding labarum (one dots= on shaft) and globus surmounted by patriarchal cross.
Mint: Constantinople Third metropolitan coinage Variation B
Date: 1143-1180 CE
Sear 1964 DO 15.5-10
18mm 1.65 gmwileyc
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Manuel I Komnenus clipped billion aspron trachy SB1966Obverse: IC-XC (bar above) in field, Christ bearded and nimbate, wearing tunic and colobion, seated upon throne without back; holds gospels in left hand.
Reverse: MAN(monogram)HA AECIIOT or var, MP OV bar above in upper right field, Full-length figure of emperor, bearded on left, crowned by Virgin nimbate. Emperor wears stemma, divitision, collar-peice, and jewelled loros of simplified type; holds in right hand labarum-headed scepter, and in left globus cruciger. Virgin wears tunic and maphorion.
four main varieties:
Mint: Constantinople
Date: 1167-1183?
Sear 1966 Var d, Fourth coinage; H 16.14,15; 17.1-4
rev: Jewel within circle on loros waist
16mm .89gm
As discussed in the Byzantine forumThese are the "neatly clipped" trachies.
During the reign of Manuel I the silver content of the trachy was dropped from c.6% to c.3%, but later types were sometimes issued with the higher silver content.
In Alexius III's time these high silver types were clipped down to half size, probably officially, presumably so as to match the lower silver content of the later issues.
Of course this would only have worked as long as the populace accepted the idea that the clipped coins were all high silver versions to start with. Once smarties started clipping ordinary coins these types would soon have have fallen out of favour and been withdrawn.
Ross G.
During the reign of Alexius III were reused coins of previous releases, clipping its border in a very regular mode and thus reducing to half their weight. Regularity of shearing and the fact that they were found to stock uniforms, suggesting that this clipping is a formal issuance of mint. Based on the stocks found in Constantinople , some of which consist only of clipped coins, it may safely be dated between 1195 and 1203.
Hendy and Grierson believe that this shearing was a consequence of the devaluation of trachy mixture during the reign of Isaac II and Alexius III. They reduced by half the already low silver content of this coin: shearing coins of previous emperors, still widely in circulation, made their trachy consistent with the intrinsic value of current emissions. Of course, this does not justify the clipping of coins already degraded of Isaac II and Alexius III. Therefore, reason for their declassification is not understood. I think that reason of Ross is right!
The structure of their dispersion in hoards indicates that, however, were made after the other emissions. Clipped trachys appear in small amounts along with regular trachy in hoards, represents a rarity. Were clipped trachys of Manuel I, Andronicus I, Isaac II and Alexius III, and perhaps of John II; those of Manuel are less scarce. In principle, we must believe that all trachys after Manuel I have been clipped, although many have not yet appeared.
Antvwala
wileyc
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Hugh Magnus: denier (Orléans)Hugh Magnus (Hugues de France in french) (1007-1025)
Denier (Orléans)
Billon, 1.28 g, diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 12h
O/ +D-I DEXTRA BE; city gate with an H on the left, a V below, a G on the right and a O on the top
R/ +AVRELIANIS CIVITAS; cross pattée
Hugh was the elder son of Robert II (the Pious), second capetian king of the Franks (996-1031). Hugues was crowned as an associate king in 1017. However, he died before his father and consequently he never ruled. No other son of a king of France had been called Hugh.
The obverse legend is a Christian one: dei dextra benedictus (blessed on God's right). As usual for Orléans mint, the I after the L in Avrelianis is in the angle.
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D.abs Louis the Pious (obol, class 3)Louis the Pious, king of the Franks and Holy Roman emperor (813-840)
Obol (unknown mint in the south-east of France?, class 3, 822-840)
Silver, 0.77 g, 15 mm diameter, die axis 5 h
O/ +PISTIΛNΛ PI; cross pattée with 4 pellets
R/ +OPISTIΛNΛ PE; cross pattée
This obol may be due to a double reverse error because of the absence of the sovereign's name and the legend repetition on both sides. However several dies were used to strike this type (I could find 3 obverse and 3 reverse dies), one side always bears 4 pellets as the other does not. One of the reverse dies is associated to the more typical obverse legend +HLVDOVVICVS I. Consequently an error does not seem to be likely. Because of hoard localizations, these obols seem to come from a single mint, in the south-east of France (Lyon, Arles?).
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(0333) CONSTANS337-350 AD
(struck 348 - 350 AD)
AE 18 mm; 3.12 g
O: D N CONSTA_NS P F AVG Pearl-diademed, draped, cuirassed bust right
R: FEL TEMP-REPARATIO Emperor in military dress standing facing, head left, phoenix on globe in right hand, labarum inscribed with Christogram on banner in left hand, all within galley piloted by Victory; TESB in exergue
Thessalonica mint; RIC VIII, 120laney
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(0335) DELMATIUS335 - 337 AD
AE 16.5 mm 1.64 g
O: FL DELMA TIVS NOB C Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R: GLOR-IA - EXERC-ITVS Two soldiers standing facing, heads confronted, each holds a spear in outer hand and rests inner hand on shield, flanking a labarum (Christogram standard)
PCONST in ex
Arles mint
RIC VII 399; very scarce (RIC R3)
laney
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(0364) VALENS364 - 378 AD
AE 18 mm 2.98 g
O: DN VALEN-S PF AVG
DIAD DR CUIR BUST R
R: GLORIA RO-MANORUM
EMPEROR FACING HOLDING LABARUM WITH CHRISTOGRAM AND DRAGGING CAPTIVE AT LEFT
SISCIAlaney
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(0364) VALENS(0364) VALENS
364 - 378 AD
AE 18.5 mm 2.01 g
O: DN VALEN-S PF AVG
DIAD DR CUIR BUST R
R: GLORIA RO-MANORUM
EMPEROR FACING HOLDING LABARUM WITH CHRISTOGRAM AND DRAGGING CAPTIVE AT LEFT
laney
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(0379) THEODOSIUS I379 - 395 AD
AE 8 mm; 1.16 g
O: D N THEODOSIVS P F AVG, diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right;
R: SALVS REIPVBLICAE, Victory walking left, trophy in right over shoulder, dragging captive with left, christogram left, CONSA in ex
Constantinople mint; laney
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(0383) ARCADIUS388-392
AE 13 mm, 1.44 g
O: DN ARCADIVS P F AVG Pearl-diademed and draped bust right
R: SALVS REIPVBLICAE Victory advancing l. carrying trophy and dragging captive; Christogram in l. field laney
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(0401) AELIA EUDOXIA(wife of Arcadius)
401 - 404 AD
STRUCK 401-4-3
AE 16X17.5 mm 2.96 g
O: AEL EVD[OXIA AVG], DRAPED BUST R, HAND OF GOD HOLDING WREATH ABOVE HEAD
R: VICTORY SEATED R INSCRIBING CHRISTOGRAM ON SHIELD SET ON COLUMN
ART GAMMA IN EXE
ANTIOCH, OFFICINA 3 RIC X 104laney
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(1059) CONSTANTINE X1059-1067 AD
AE FOLLIS 31 mm max. 6.92 g
Obverse: Christ facing
Reverse: Eudocia and Constantine facing
SB 1853
(gouges on obverse are the result of overstriking on an earlier issue that appears to be a class D anonymous follis (Sear 1836).
laney
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(1059) CONSTANTINE X1059-1067 AD
AE FOLLIS 27 mm 4.17 g
Obverse: Christ facing
Reverse: Eudocia and Constantine facing
SB 1853laney
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(1068) ROMANUS IV DIOGENES1068 - 1071 AD
AE Follis 26.5 mm 3.42 g
o: Bust of Christ facing
R: C-R/P-Delta in quarters of cross, pellets at ends
laney
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(1068) ROMANUS IV DIOGENES1068 - 1071 AD
AE Follis 27 mm 4.08 g
o: Bust of Christ facing
R: C-R/P-Delta in quarters of cross, pellets at endslaney
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(1118) JOHN II COMNENUS1118-1143 AD
Billon Aspron Trachy. 27 mm 4.97 g
Constantinople Mint
O: Bust of Christ
R: Bust of John II facing, wearing loros and crown with pendilia, holding sceptre and globus cruciger
Sear 1944laney
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(1118) JOHN II COMNENUS1118-1143 AD
Billon Aspron Trachy. 30.5 mm max. 2.78 g
Constantinople Mint
O: Bust of Christ
R: Bust of John II facing, wearing loros and crown with pendilia, holding sceptre and globus cruciger
Sear 1944 laney
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(1143) MANUEL I COMNENUS 1143-1180 AD
Billon Aspron Trachy 28 mm 3.39 g
Obv. Christ seated facing on throne without back
Rev. The Virgin, nimbate (on right) standing, crowing Manuel, standing facing
laney
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(1195) ALEXIUS III ANGELUS COMNENUS1195 - 1203 AD
BILLON ASPRON TRACHY 26 mm 3.05 g
O: BUST OF CHRIST, FACING
R: ALEXIUS III (ON LEFT) AND ST. CONSTANTINE (ON RIGHT) STANDING, FACING
SEAR 2012
laney
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(1204) LATIN RULERS OF CONSTANTINOPLE1204 - 1261 AD
Billon Aspron Trachy. 16 mm max., 0.55 g
O: BUST OF CHRIST FACING
R: ARCHANGEL MICHAEL STANDING FACING, HOLDING GLOBUS CRUCIGER
SEAR 2036
(STRUCK FOLLOWING THE LATIN CONQUEST OF CONSTAN5TINOPLE IN THE 4TH CRUSADE)
laney
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(1282) ANDRONICUS II & MICHAEL IXAndronicus II Palaeologus with Michael IX
1282 - 1328 AD
AE Assarion 21mm, 1.99 grams
O: Nimbate and facing bust of Archangel St. Michael holding scepter and globus cruciger.
R: Facing half length figure of Christ blessing the two emperors who kneel before him.
Constantinople mint; Sear2435 // DOC677-80
laney
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(500a113) Roman Republic, P. Licinius Nerva, 113-112 B.C.ROMAN REPUBLIC: P. Licinius Nerva. AR denarius (3.93 gm). Rome, ca. 113-112 BC. Helmeted bust of Roma left, holding spear over right shoulder and shield on left arm, crescent above, * before, ROMA behind / P. NERVA, voting scene showing two citizens casting their ballots in the Comitium, one receiving a ballot from an attendant, the other dropping his ballot into a vessel at right. Crawford 292/1. RSC Licinia 7. RCTV 169. Nearly very fine. Ex Freeman and Sear.
Here is a denarius whose reverse device is one that celebrates the privilege and responsibility that is the foundation of a democratic society; it is a forerunner to the L. Cassius Longinus denarius of 63 B.C. Granted, humanity had a long road ahead toward egalitarianism when this coin was struck, but isn't it an interesting testimony to civil liberty's heritage? "The voter on the left (reverse) receives his voting tablet from an election officer. Horizontal lines in the background indicate the barrier separating every voting division from the others. Both voters go across narrow raised walks (pontes); this is intended to ensure that the voter is seen to cast his vote without influence" (Meier, Christian. Caesar: A Biography. Berlin: Severin and Siedler, 1982. Plate 12). This significant coin precedes the Longinus denarius by 50 years.
J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
Cleisthenes
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(504c) Roman Republic, L. Cassius Longinus, 63 B.C.Silver denarius, Crawford 413/1, RSC I Cassia 10, SRCV I 364, aVF, struck with worn dies, Rome mint, weight 3.867g, maximum diameter 20.3mm, die axis 0o, c. 63 B.C. Obverse: veiled bust of Vesta left, kylix behind, L before; Reverse: LONGIN III V, voter standing left, dropping tablet inscribed V into a cista.
The reverse of this Longinus denarius captures a fascinating moment when a Roman citizen casts his ballot. "The abbreviation III V [ir] indentifies Longinus as one of the three annually appointed mintmasters (officially called tres viri aere argento auro flando feriundo). A citizen is seen casting his vote into the urn. On the ballot is the letter 'U', short for uti rogas, a conventional formula indicating assent to a motion. The picture alludes to the law, requested by an ancestor of the mintmaster, which introduced the secret ballot in most proceedings of the popular court" (Meier, Christian. Caesar, a Biography. Berlin: Severin and Siedler, 1982. Plate 6).
The date that this denarius was struck possesses unique significance for another reason. Marcus Tullius Cicero (politician, philosopher, orator, humanist) was elected consul for the year 63 BC -- the first man elected consul who had no consular ancestors in more than 30 years. A "new man," Cicero was not the descendant of a "patrician" family, nor was his family wealthy (although Cicero married "well"). Cicero literally made himself the man he was by the power of the words he spoke and the way in which he spoke them. A witness to and major player during the decline of the Roman Republic, Cicero was murdered in 43 BC by thugs working for Marc Antony. But Cicero proved impossible to efface.
Cicero's words became part of the bed rock of later Roman education. As Peter Heather notes, every educated young man in the late Roman Empire studied "a small number of literary texts under the guidance of an expert in language and literary interpretation, the grammarian. This occupied the individual for seven or more years from about the age of eight, and concentrated on just four authors: Vergil, Cicero, Sallust and Terence" (Heather, Peter. The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. 17).
Plutarch: Cicero's Death
But in the meantime the assassins were come with a band of soldiers, Herennius, a centurion, and Popillius, a tribune, whom Cicero had formerly defended when prosecuted for the murder of his father. Finding the doors shut, they broke them open, and Cicero not appearing, and those within saying they knew not where he was, it is stated that a youth, who had been educated by Cicero in the liberal arts and sciences, an emancipated slave of his brother Quintus, Philologus by name, informed the tribune that the litter was on its way to the sea through the close and shady walks. The tribune, taking a few with him, ran to the place where he was to come out. And Cicero, perceiving Herennius running in the walks, commanded his servants to set down the litter; and stroking his chin, as he used to do, with his left hand, he looked steadfastly upon his murderers, his person covered with dust, his beard and hair untrimmed, and his face worn with his troubles. So that the greatest part of those that stood by covered their faces whilst Herennius slew him. And thus was he murdered, stretching forth his neck out of the litter, being now in his sixty-fourth year. Herennius cut off his head, and, by Antony's command, his hands also, by which his Philippics were written; for so Cicero styled those orations he wrote against Antony, and so they are called to this day.
When these members of Cicero were brought to Rome, Antony was holding an assembly for the choice of public officers; and when he heard it, and saw them, he cried out, "Now let there be an end of our proscriptions." He commanded his head and hands to be fastened up over the rostra, where the orators spoke; a sight which the Roman people shuddered to behold, and they believed they saw there, not the face of Cicero, but the image of Antony's own soul. And yet amidst these actions he did justice in one thing, by delivering up Philologus to Pomponia, the wife of Quintus; who, having got his body into her power, besides other grievous punishments, made him cut off his own flesh by pieces, and roast and eat it; for so some writers have related. But Tiro, Cicero's emancipated slave, has not so much as mentioned the treachery of Philologus.
Translation by John Dryden: http://intranet.grundel.nl/thinkquest/moord_cicero_plu.html
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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001 - Anonymus follis class A2 - Sear 1813Obv: +EMMANOVHA, Bust of Christ facing, wearing nimbus cross with two pellets in each limb of cross, pallium and colobium, and holding book of Gospels, the cover ornamented with central pellet in border of dots. To left IC and to right XC.
Rev: IhSYS / XRISTYS / bASILEY / bASILE in foyr lines. Dot above and below.
This type is attributed to the joint regin of Basil II and Constantine VIII 976-1025 AD.
30.0 mm. diameter.pierre_p77
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004 Harald "Bluetooth" GormssonBracteate penny of Harald "Bluetooth", king of Denmark 958-986 and Norway 970-986
Mint: Hedeby
Dorestad type
Harald, known as Bluetooth for uncertain reasons, but possibly due to a discolored or painted tooth, is known for introducing Christianity, and coinage, to Denmark. His unusual nickname has survived to the modern day, in the form of Bluetooth devices, named after Harald
Ex- Oslo Myntgalleri auction 36 (lot 620), CJ Simensen, Hornung auction 1 (lot 33)St. George's Collection
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01. Constantine II / 2 soldiers and standard.AE 4, 337 - 341, Siscia mint.
Obverse: CONSTANTINVS MAX AVG / Diademed bust of Constantine II.
Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS / Two soldiers, each holding spear and shield, one standard between them. Christogram on standard.
Mint mark: ASIS (crescent and dot)
1.70 gm., 15 mm.
RIC #95; LRBC #770; Sear #17432.
Several mints used the title MAX for all three sons of Constantine the Great for a short time after his death. It's use on coins of Constantius II and Constans was quickly dropped, and P F (Pius Felix) was used instead, reserving MAX for the senior emperor (Constantine II).Callimachus
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010 Anund JacobPenny of Anund Jacob, king of Sweden 1022-1050
Mint: Sigtuna
Moneyer: Thormoth
Lagerqvist 9
Malmer 14.310/1252, chain 204
O: ANVN D REX SI
R: DORMOD ON SIHTV
King Anund Jacob of Sweden was born as just Jacob to king Olof "Skötkonung" of Sweden and Queen Estrid , his parents had converted to Christianity prior to his birth and gave their son a Christian biblical name. Sweden was only just adopting Christianity at this time, and the name Jacob was not very recognizable or acceptable to the Swedes, so he was also named Anund, and is remembered to history by this name. He became a co-ruler with his father late in Olof's reign, and became king in 1022. Despite a long reign (1022-1050), Anund's history is poorly remembered.
He did produce coins, but the volume of coinage seemed to take a sharp decline after Olof's death, and would cease altogether at some point during Anund's reign. Coins of Olof are by no means common, but those in the name of Anund are very rare. Anund's coins take three main flavors-
1- Those in his name imitating Aethelred's long cross type
2- Those in his name imitating Cnut's pointed helmet type
3- Blundered coins that die link or stylistically link to the above two
There is the likelihood that much if not all of his coinage was produced in the first few years of his reign, and may have ceased by 1030. The coins were probably all produced at Sigtuna.
Anund is remembered to history as "Kolbränna" or "coal-burner". Sadly, this was not because he cooked a mean steak on the barbecue. Rather, it presumably is due to his tactic of burning down the houses of his enemies. Keep in mind that this was probably not just an act of property vandalism. If you've read "Njáls saga", an Icelandic saga, you might recall the climax of the story, when the protagonist's house is burned by his enemies with the family still inside. This was a raiding tactic familiar to the Nordic people. A force would besiege a house, or hall, or fort, where people lived and farmed, and set the building on fire. Women and young children were usually permitted to leave, but the men would not be allowed exit and die by fire. This is brutal medieval Viking era stuff. This is our Anund 🙂
Ex- Antykwariat Numizmatyczny Michal Niemczyk Auction 38 (lot 2878)St. George's Collection
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02. Constantius II / 2 soldiers and standard.AE 4, 337 - 341, Siscia mint.
Obverse: CONSTANTIVS P F AVG / Diademed bust of Constantius II.
Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS / Two soldiers, each holding spear and shield, one standard between them. Christogram on standard.
Mint mark: ΓSIS
1.72 gm., 16 mm.
RIC #86; LRBC #780; Sear #17990.Callimachus
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020a, CARIA, Knidos. Circa 465-449 BC. AR Drachm.CARIA, Knidos. Circa 465-449 BC. AR Drachm - 16mm (6.06 g). Obverse: forepart of roaring lion right; Reverse: archaic head of Aphrodite right, hair bound with taenia. Cahn 80 (V38/R53); SNG Helsinki 132 (same dies); SNG Copenhagen 232 (same dies). Toned, near VF, good metal. Ex Barry P. Murphy.
While this coin falls within the time frame that numismatists call "Classical" Greek coinage, I have chosen to place it in both the "Archaic" (coin 020a) and "Classical" Greek sections of my collection. This specimen is one of those wonderful examples of transition--it incorporates many elements of the "Archaic" era, although it is struck during the "Classical" Greek period and anticipates characteristics of the later period.
As noted art historian Patricia Lawrence has pointed out, "[this specimen portrays] A noble-headed lion, a lovely Late Archaic Aphrodite, and [is made from]. . . beautiful metal." The Archaic Aphrodite is reminiscent of certain portraits of Arethusa found on tetradrachms produced in Syracuse in the first decade of the 5th century BC.
Knidos was a city of high antiquity and as a Hellenic city probably of Lacedaemonian colonization. Along with Halicarnassus (present day Bodrum, Turkey) and Kos, and the Rhodian cities of Lindos, Kamiros and Ialyssos it formed the Dorian Hexapolis, which held its confederate assemblies on the Triopian headland, and there celebrated games in honour of Apollo, Poseidon and the nymphs.
The city was at first governed by an oligarchic senate, composed of sixty members, and presided over by a magistrate; but, though it is proved by inscriptions that the old names continued to a very late period, the constitution underwent a popular transformation. The situation of the city was favourable for commerce, and the Knidians acquired considerable wealth, and were able to colonize the island of Lipara, and founded a city on Corcyra Nigra in the Adriatic. They ultimately submitted to Cyrus, and from the battle of Eurymedon to the latter part of the Peloponnesian War they were subject to Athens.
In their expansion into the region, the Romans easily obtained the allegiance of Knidians, and rewarded them for help given against Antiochus by leaving them the freedom of their city.
During the Byzantine period there must still have been a considerable population: for the ruins contain a large number of buildings belonging to the Byzantine style, and Christian sepulchres are common in the neighbourhood.
Eudoxus, the astronomer, Ctesias, the writer on Persian history, and Sostratus, the builder of the celebrated Pharos at Alexandria, are the most remarkable of the Knidians mentioned in history.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnidus
Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.Cleisthenes
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03. Constans / 2 soldiers and standard.AE 4, 337 - 341, Siscia mint.
Obverse: CONSTANS P F AVG / Diademed bust of Constans.
Reverse: GLORIA EXERCITVS / Two soldiers, each holding spear and shield, one standard between them. Christogram on standard.
Mint mark: BSIS (crescent and dot)
1.57 gm., 17 mm.
RIC #99; LRBC #774; Sear #18546.Callimachus
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037 János (Johannes or John) Hunyadi., Gubernator of Hungary, (1446-1453 A.D.) AR-billon Denarius, H-618, C2-156, U-485.e., P-175-05, #01037 János (Johannes or John) Hunyadi., Gubernator of Hungary, (1446-1453 A.D.) AR-billon Denarius, H-618, C2-156, U-485.e., P-175-05, #01
avers: TEMPORE•IOhAnIS (legend variation), Patriarchal cross in a circle, mint-mark on each side (h-c˟), border of dots.
reverse: ✠m•REGnI•VnGARIE, Hungarian shield with Árpadian stripes in a circle; border of dots.
exergue, mint mark: h/c˟//--, were struck by Christophorus de Florentia, (by Pohl). diameter: 13-13,5mm, weight: 0,59g, axis: 7h,
mint: Hungary, Nagyszegben (Hermanstadt, today Romania: Sibiu, by Pohl), date: 1446 A.D.(by Pohl),
ref: Huszar-618, CNH-2-156, Unger-485.e., Pohl-175-05,
Q-001quadrans
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040a. Trajan DeciusAugustus 249-251
Pannonian who had been a distinguished senator. Proclaimed emperor by soldiers; purportedly reluctant. Beat Philip I at battle of Verona. Noted for his persecution of Christians. Was killed at the battle of Abritus against the Goths.lawrence c
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051. Alexius I, 1081-1118. BI Trachy.Obv. Alexius facing
Rev. Christ seated
S1918LordBest
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052. John II, 1118-1143. BI Trachy.Obv. John facing
Rev. Christ
S1944LordBest
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055. Andronicus I, 1183-1185. BI Trachy.Obv. Mary crowning Andronicus
Rev. Christ
S1985LordBest
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056. Isaac II, 1185-1195. BI Trachy.Obv. Isaac
Rev. Christ
S2003.LordBest
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058 Eric Menved or 063 Christopher IIPenny of Eric VI Menved, king of Denmark 1286-1319, or of Christopher II, king of Denmark 1320-1326, 1329-1332
Mint: Roskilde
MB 422
Eric was another somewhat forgotten king of Denmark. During his reign the powers of the king were limited and the treasury was drained. Eric had 14 children and had the misfortune to outlive them all.
Recent scholarship has questioned the attribution, as to whether this coin belongs to Eric or Christopher's reign. The presence of the E doesn't really mean much in favor of Eric, as many of these coins have a single letter represented, of uncertain meaning.
Ex- G WardSt. George's Collection
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063 Christopher IIPenny of Christopher II, king of Denmark 1320-1326, 1329-1332
Mint: Jylland
MB 587
Christopher's reign was fairly disastrous, as he was forced to sign a contract on ascension severely limiting his power, which also pretty much took away any revenue. Thus Christopher mortgaged parts of his kingdom to pay for his reign, particularly his wars, which only ended up with the near dissolution of Denmark. It's hard to see much good in Christopher's kingship, although it should be noted that he was a product of his time.
Ex- G WardSt. George's Collection
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064 Valdemar AtterdagPenny of Valdemar IV "Atterdag", king of Denmark 1340-1375
Mint: Roskilde
MB 680
Valdemar IV, called "Atterdag" or "return of the day", is remembered as a successful ruler, who rebuilt the kingdom of Denmark from ruin, and the disastrous economic policies of his predecessors. Valdemar's father, Christopher II, essentially mortgaged the kingdom to foreigners, and due to restrictions on his power, was helpless as Denmark was sliced up and devoured by its neighbors. Valdemar seems to have been an energetic ruler, who was able to piece back his kingdom by repayment of debt, taxation, confiscation, and conquest. Probably not a fun time to live for the average peasant, but the end result was a stronger and more resilient Denmark.
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 916 (lot 57), TH 5 1999 (lot 371), KG KaaberSt. George's Collection
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070 Christopher of BavariaHvid of Christopher, king of Denmark (1440-1448), Norway (1442-1448), and Sweden (1441-1448)
Mint: Malmo
O: *CRISTOF*REX*D*S*N
R: MON MAL MOI ENS
Christopher, an outsider, became king after his uncle Eric was deposed. Christopher's main accomplishment was putting down a peasant revolution, then he died at a young age.
Ex- Roschberg MynthandelSt. George's Collection
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073 Christian IHvid of Christian, king of Denmark (1448-1481), Norway (1450-1481), and Sweden (1457-1464)
Mint: Malmo
O: *CRISTIEN R' D GR'D
R: MON MA: MOI ENS
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2411 (lot 5058), Ertzeid, HO HansenSt. George's Collection
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073a. DiocletianAugustus/Co-Augustus 284-305
Dalmatian who rose to power by defeating Carinus. Established the Tetrarchy, a system of two emperors and two caesars. Although perhaps logical in theory, it faced problems relatively quickly. The machinations involving the power struggles among the augusti and caesars are much too complicated to give a thumbnail sketch, but began soon after the creation of the system and led to its collapse. Diocletian ruled the East with his capital at Nicomedia. He associated himself with Jupiter and tried to stamp out Christianity. He retired in 305 to his villa in what is now Split, Croatia, and lived until about 316.
lawrence c
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079a. Constantius ICaesar under Maximianus 293-305
Western emperor 305-306
Illyrian. Refused to implement Diocletian’s edict against Christians. Excellent military commander. Died in York. Father of Constantine I.
lawrence c
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080a. GaleriusCaesar in East 293 - 305
Augustus in East 305 -311
Son of a Thracian herder. Very successful soldier and commander. Named Caesar in 293 along with Constantius. As Caesar, won major victories over the Sassanids, including seizing and sacking their capital. Became co-Augustus in 305. Weakened by Constantine and then loss of Rome to Maxentius. During much of his reign, persecution of Christians. Died 311.lawrence c
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083a. Constantine I The GreatAbout a year as Caesar, emperor 307-337. Gained sole power after beating all the other claimants. Moved capital to Constantinople in 330. Established Christianity as the official state religion, even though he was not baptized until his deathbed. A very harsh ruler.lawrence c
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083b. HelenaEither wife or concubine of Constantius and mother of Constantine. Later divorced by Constantius so that he could marry Theodora, a more political marriage. She became devoted to Christianity and given sainthood.lawrence c
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084c. ConstantiaWife of Licinius, daughter of Constantius I and sister of Constantine I. She married Licinius in a political marriage when Constantine and Licinius were attempting to seal a truce. After Constantine and Licinius split, went to war, and Licinius was captured, she was unable (or perhaps unwilling) to prevent his execution. She later was very active in the Christian church.lawrence c
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085a. Maximinus IIKnown as Daza or Daia. Dacian peasant and soldier. Nephew of Galerius, who named him Caesar in 305. Fought against Licinius in 313 and lost. Died a few months after. Known for his strong anti-Christian sympathies.lawrence c
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087a10. Constantine IIFollis. Arelate. Obv: CONSTANTINVS IVN N C. Laureate and cuirassed bust right. Rev: GLORIA EXERCITVS / P CONST. Two soldiers standing facing one another, each holding reversed spear and resting hand on shield set on ground; between them, standard with christogram. RIC 395 (R2). 2.19 g., 17 mm. Naumann Auc 113, Lot 845.
lawrence c
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090a13. ConstansAe. Siscia. Obv: CONSTANS P F AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev: VICTORIA AVGG / (star) A SIS (star). Victory advancing left, head right with wreath in each hand. Christogram in field to right. RIC 181. 1.66 g,.16 mm. Naumann Auc 118, Lot 988.lawrence c
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095a04. Vetranio in Name of Constantius IIVetranio issuing in name of Constantius II
Billon heavy maiorina, RIC VIII Siscia 304, SRCV V 18204, Cohen VII 142, LRBC II 1190, Hunter V 54, , 4.981g, 22.8mm, 0o, 1st officina, Siscia (Sisak, Croatia) mint, 350 - 351 A.D.; obverse D N CONSTANTIVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right, A behind (A's often appear as H in this period); reverse HOC SIGNO VICTOR ERIS, Constantius standing facing head left, holding labarum (Chi Rho Christogram standard) and spear, Victory right crowning him, palm in left hand, III left field, ASIS crescent in exergue. A FORUM coin.lawrence c
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0976-1025 AD - Basil II (Bulgaroktonos) - Anonymous Follis, Class A2Emperor: Basil II (Bulgaroktonos) (r. 976-1025 AD)
Date: 976-1025 AD
Condition: Fair
Denomination: Anonymous Follis, Class A2
Obverse:     -     
Bust of Christ facing, bearded, with nimbus cross having  in each arm, wearing tunic and himation; right hand raised in blessing in sling of cloak, left holds book with probable  in jeweled border. In field,  -  .
Reverse:     /   /    /
 above and beneath.
Sear 1813; probable DO A2.25
15.47g; 35.3mm; 30°Pep
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0976-1025 AD - Basil II (Bulgaroktonos) - Anonymous Follis, Class A2.24Emperor: Basil II (Bulgaroktonos) (r. 976-1025 AD)
Date: 976-1025 AD
Condition: aVF
Denomination: Anonymous Follis, Class A2
Obverse: -
Bust of Christ facing, bearded, with nimbus cross having in each arm, wearing tunic and himation; right hand raised in blessing in sling of cloak, left holds book with  in jeweled border. In field, - .
Reverse: ///
 above and beneath.
DO A2.24; Sear 1813
13.40g; 29.0mm; 180°Pep
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098a. JovianAugustus June 363-February 364.
Hastily made emperor by soldiers after death of Julian II. Reinstated Christianity as the official religion. Due to the situation, made a bad peace with the Sasanids. Subsequently either died or was killed while travelling.
lawrence c
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098a03. JovianAE1. 30.2mm, 9.163 g. 1st officina, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, 27 Jun 363 - 17 Feb 364 A.D.
Obv: D N IOVIANVS P F P P AVG (Our lord Jovianus, dutiful, fortunate, father of the coutntry, emperor), pearl diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right. Rev: VICTORIA ROMANORVM (to Roman victory), Jovian standing facing, head right, labarum (Chi-Rho Christogram Standard) in right hand, Victory on globe in left hand offering him and Chi-Rho standard, •TESA• in exergue; rare with pearl diadem. RIC VIII Thessalonica 236 (R), SRCV V 19213, Cohen VIII 23, LRBC II 1700 var. (rosette diademed). A FORUM coin.lawrence c
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1 ARTUQIDS.Fakhr al-Din Qara Arslan.1148-1174 AD.AE Dirhem. Facing bust of Christ Pantokrator / Partial mint formula and name and pedigree of Fakhr al-Din Qara Arslan in four lines and margins. S&S Type 1; Album 1820.1.Very fine.RARE.
Weight : 4.5 gr
Diameter : 24 mmSimon
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![crus_121[1].jpg](albums/userpics/10844/thumb_crus_121%5B1%5D.jpg "Filename=crus_121[1].jpg
Filesize=97KiB
Dimensions=450x240
Date added=Oct 22, 2005")
1.3 Crusader - JerusalemDenier of Amuary, King of Jerusalem from 1163 to 1174.
obv. AMALRICVS REX
cross, two pellets.
rev. DE IERVSALEM
Sun shining on the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. X through church, probably imprint from Cross on obverse.
hole in top, probably worn as jewlry around the neck, maybe as a Christian souvenir. Desert patina. Ecgþeow
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101a02. ProcopiusAE2. 3.10 g., 19 mm. Constantinople. Obv: D N PROCOPIVS P F AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust left. Rev: REPARATIO FEL TEMP / CONS P •(?). Procopius standing left, head right, holding labarum and resting hand upon shield; christogram to upper right. RIC 17a.
Naumann 101, Lot 864.
lawrence c
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102. TrajanTrajan
Hadrian saw to it that Trajan received all customary honors: the late emperor was declared a divus, his victories were commemorated in a great triumph, and his ashes were placed in the base of his column. Trajan's reputation remained unimpaired, in spite of the ultimate failure of his last campaigns. Early in his principate, he had unofficially been honored with the title optimus, "the best," which long described him even before it became, in 114, part of his official titulature. His correspondence with Pliny enables posterity to gain an intimate sense of the emperor in action. His concern for justice and the well-being of his subjects is underscored by his comment to Pliny, when faced with the question of the Christians, that they were not to be sought out, "nor is it appropriate to our age."
Denarius. IMP CAES NERVA TRAIAN AVG GERM, laureate head right / P M TR P COS II P P, Vesta seated left, veiled, holding patera & torch. RSC 203. ecoli
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1028-1034 - follis (Anonymous class B)+ EMMANOVHΛ , bust of Christ facing, holding Gospels ; in field IC / XC (icon of the "Pantocrator")
Cross on three steps dividing IS / XC // bAS / ILE // bAS / ILE (Jesus Christ, King of Kings)
Sear 1823Ginolerhino
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1028-1034 - follis (Anonymous class B)+ EMMANOVHΛ , bust of Christ facing, holding Gospels ; in field IC / XC (icon of the "Pantocrator")
Cross on three steps dividing IZ / XC // IAZ / ILE // IAZ / ILE (a blundered version of the previous coin's reverse)
Sear 1823Ginolerhino
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1034-1041 - follis (Anonymous class C)+ EMMANOVHΛ , 3/4 length figure of Christ standing (icon of the "Antiphonetes") , in field IC / XC
Jewelled cross dividing IC / XC / NI / KA ("Jesus Christ conquers").
Sear 1825Ginolerhino
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