Classical Numismatics Discussion Members' Coin Collection Photo Gallery

Image search results - "Adventus"

Shield detail showing Emperor on horseback right surrounded by soldiers carrying shields.gordian_guy

10Carausius 287-93 AD
AE antoninianus
Obv "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev "ADVENTVS AVG"
Carausius on horseback left, captive at feet
London mint
-/-//ML
RIC 102 commentsmauseus

191cfCarausius 287-93AD
AE Antoninianus
Obv: "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev: "ADVENTVS AVG"
Carausius on horseback riding left
Camulodunum(?) mint
-/-//MCXXI
RIC - (cf191)
Obverse and reverse die duplicate in BM (1983,0824.26)mauseus

707Carausius 287-93AD
"Denarius"
Obv "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Laureate, draped & cuirassed bust right
Rev "ADVENTVS AVG"
Carausius on horseback left, captive under foot
Unmarked mint
RIC 707mauseus

732cfCarausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv "IMP CARAVSIVS P AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "ADVENTVS AVG"
Emperor on horseback left
Unmarked mint
RIC - (cf 732)mauseus

733Carausius 287-93AD
AE Antoninianus
Obv: "IMP CARAVSIVS PF AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev: "ADVENTVS AVG"
Felicitas standing left holding caduceus
Unmarked mint
RIC 733
mauseus

735cfCarausius 287-93AD
Antoninianus
Obv "VIRT ......."
Helmeted bust left with spear and shield
Rev "ADVENTVS CARAVSI"
Carausius on horseback left
Unmarked mint?
RIC - (cf735)mauseus

(VII) 1Constantine I
IMP CONSTANTINVS AVG
Laureate, cuirassed bust right
ADVENTVS AVG N
Emperor on horseback left
S/F//PLN
RIC (VII) 1mauseus

(VII) 21Constantine I
IMP CONSTANTINVS AVG
Laureate, cuirassed bust right
ADVENTVS AVG N
Emperor on horseback left
S/F//MLL
RIC (VII) 21mauseus

0996 Hadrian Sestertius, Roma 128-29 AD Hadrian with Roma and SenateReference.
RIC II, 968; Banti 193; BMC 1364; C. 352; Hill 388; Strack 632; RIC 996

Bust A1

Obv. HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS P P
Laureate head

Rev. S C in field; COS III in ex
Hadrian, Roma and Senator adventus group: Hadrian stands left, the Senator stands right, Roma, holding spear, stands between them facing Emperor, and drawing his hand towards the extended hand of the Senator.

25.00 gr
33 mm
6h

Note.
The Romans often staged events in which the emperor was accompanied by actors dressed to personify symbolic personalities such as Annona, Liberalitas, Roma, et al. Here we see the emperor clasping the hand of the Senate in the presence of Roma, who stands behind them confirming their cooperative spirit by resting her hand on theirs.

This reverse type, representing "Concordia Senatus," likely commemorates the conferring of the title pater patriae upon Hadrian by the Senate in 128 AD.1 commentsokidoki

104 Claudius II. (268-270 A.D.), T-0126 (Estiot), RIC V-I 091var, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, PROVIDENT AVG, -/-//--, Providentia standing left, Rare!104 Claudius II. (268-270 A.D.), T-0126 (Estiot), RIC V-I 091var, Rome, AE-Antoninianus, PROVIDENT AVG, -/-//--, Providentia standing left, Rare!
avers:- IMP-C-CLAVDIVS-AVG, Bust left, radiate, nude with cross-belt, seen from rear, holding spear pointing forward in right hand, aegis on left shoulder, (L2l).
revers:- PROVIDENT-AVG, Providentia standing left, holding baton in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand, with left elbow leaning on column, at feet to left globe, (Providentia 3).
exerg: -/-//--, diameter: 20mm, weight: 2,89g, axes: 7h,
mint: Rome, iss-1 (probably for the Adventus: exceptional busts), off-12,
date: 268 A.D., ref: T-0126 (Estiot), RIC V-I 091var,
Q-001quadrans

117-138 AD - HADRIAN AE as - struck 134-138 ADobv: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP (draped bust right)
rev: ADVENTVI AVG MAVRITANIAE (Hadrian standing on left, togate, and Mauretania on right, wearing snake head-dress, in short tunic, holding patera over flaming altar between them & vexillum), SC in exergue.
ref: RIC II 900 (Adventus type), C.69(6fr)
11.93gms, 27mm
Scarceberserker

1769 Hadrian Sestertius Roma 130-38 AD Hadrian standing vis-à-vis JudaeaReference.
RIC 1769; Strack 755; Banti 37

Bust C2+

Obv. HADRIANVS COS III P P
Bare head draped bust, viewed from side

Rev. ADVENTUI AVG IVDAEAE; S C in ex.
Hadrian standing right, one hand raised in gesture of address and the other holding scroll: facing him is Italia standing left holding patera over altar placed in the centre, and also holding incense box. Two children stand by her feet. Victim bull at foot of altar

26.16 gr
31 mm
12h

Note.

Hadrian’s arrival in Judaea is commemorated on a very rare ADVENTUS sestertius. On the reverse, the emperor greets the figure of Judaea sacrificing over a pagan altar, accompanied by two children. It would be hard to imagine an image more offensive to Jewish sensibilities.

Hadrian made a brief visit to Judaea circa AD 130, during his second great provincial tour of AD 129-132. Prior to his arrival, rumors spread among the Jews that he intended to rebuild Jerusalem and the great Temple, destroyed during the Jewish War of AD 66-73, so he was at first warmly welcomed. However, Hadrian decided to rebuild the city as the Roman veteran colony of Aelia Capitolina, with a temple to Jupiter replacing the one once dedicated to Jehovah. This ultimately sparked the bloody Bar Kokhba Revolt of AD 132-135, which devastated the province and darkened Hadrian's final years. The rare coinage issued to mark his visit, with the legend ADVENTVS AVG IVDAEA ("the Emperor Enters Judaea") depicts Hadrian being greeted by a female personification of the province and two children. Judaea was renamed Syria Palaestina in response to the Bar Kochba conflict, though precisely when this occurred is not known.

Judaea was the empire’s most troubled province during Hadrian’s reign. For Romans, offering ritual sacrifice to the imperial state cult was a normal civic obligation. Most ancient religions were broadly tolerant of each other’s deities, but the Jews’ fierce insistence that their one, invisible God forbade any form of idolatry in their land was a constant source of tension.2 commentsokidoki

1981 Hadrian Denarius Roma 134-38 AD Hadrian & Roma Reference.
RIC 1981; Strack 218; RIC 227; C.cf 94; BMCR cf 584

Bust A1+

Obv. HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P
Bare head

Rev. ADVENTVS AVGVSTI
Roma standing left, holding spear, and parazonium on hip?? and clasping hands with Hadrian standing right, holding a roll.

3.35 gr
18 mm
6h

Note.
Strack saw two similar coins in Vienna and Sofia with same die pair.

This denarius was Rome struck during the latter part of Hadrian’s reign, and which fall into three classes or categories: 1) a series of coins commemorating the visit or arrival (adventus) of the emperor to each province; 2) another series which commemorates the restoration (restitutor) of the province by the emperor; and 3) an additional series which commemorates the military strength (exercitus) of province, for those provinces which had legions stationed within them. In addition to these three categories of commemorative issues that are collectively known as Hadrian’s ‘travel’ series, there are a further two related groups of coins. The first is quite extensive and simply commemorates the various provinces, with the provinces of Egypt, Africa, Hispania and Gallia being the most common. Then there is a much smaller issue which commemorates the emperor’s final return (adventus) to Rome, after his subjugation of the Jewish zealots under Simon Bar Kochba led to the pacification of the province of Judaea, of which this coin is a particularly handsome specimen. After spending more than half his reign on the road, and especially after having just inflicted such a crushing defeat on the recalcitrant Jews, Hadrian’s homecoming was a momentous occasion in the capital which was warmly welcomed by the citizens. The reverse shows the city of Rome personified as the goddess Roma, helmeted and draped in military attire, holding a spear and clasping the hand of the now elderly emperor who is depicted togate and holding a roll in the guise of a citizen, standing before her. The legend which appears on the obverse of this coin was only employed ca. A.D. 134-138. As Hadrian returned to Italy during A.D. 136 and died not two years later, this coin belongs to the very last issue of coinage struck at Rome during his principate.1 commentsokidoki

1997.161.168Rome, 3.95 g

Obverse: IMP PROBVS AVG; Radiate, cuirassed bust right.
Reverse: ADVENTVS AVG; R*Delta in exergue; Emperor on horseback left, raising right hand and holding scepter in left; bound captive seated on left before horse.
Ref: RIC 157; Pink VI/1, pg 56, 3rd emission, 278 AD.gordian_guy

1997.161.169Rome, 4.09 g

Obverse: IMP PROBVS AVG; Radiate, wearing Imperial Mantle, left, holding scepter surmounted by eagle.
Reverse: ADVENTVS AVG; RDotCrescentGamma in exergue; Emperor on horseback left, raising right hand, scepter in left, bound captive seated before on left.
Ref: cf RIC 157 [This bust, H, not listed]; Pink VI/1, pg 56, 4th emission, 279 ADgordian_guy

2014.051.1Cyzicus; 4.60 g

Obverse: VIRTVS PROBI AVG Probus, radiated, wearing helmet, cuirassed with drapery on right shoulder, facing left, holding spear in right hand and shield decorated with Emperor on horseback right surrounded by soldiers carrying shields.
Reverse: ADVENTUS PROBI AVG; A in exergue; Emperor on horseback left, r. hand raised, l. holding scepter, captive on ground before (on left) seated left.
Ref: RIC 904; Pink VI/I pg 43.gordian_guy

2014.051.5Serdica; 4.48 g

Obverse: VIRTVS PROBI AVG; Probus, radiate, helmet, cuirassed, Medusa (Gorgon) head on breast plate, bust right; spear in right hand over right shoulder; shield decorated with Pegasus left and globules, over left shoulder.
Reverse: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG; KADelta in exergue; Probus on horseback left; right hand raised in salute; scepter in left; captive on ground before on left.
Ref: RIC 837; cf Pink, Gysen, 4th Emission
gordian_guy

2014.060.1Siscia, 3.67 g

Obverse: IMP C M AVR PROBVS P AVG; Radiate, wearing Imperial Mantle, left; holding scepter surmounted by eagle.
Reverse: ADVENTVS AVG; XXIVI; Emperor on horseback left, right hand raised spear in left.
Ref: Ric 629; Alfoldi Type 5, no. 70;gordian_guy

2014.246.7Cyzicus
Antoninianus; 3.88 g; 22 mm
Obverse: VIRTVS PROBI AVG; Radiate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, holding round shield with image of Pegasus to right, on right shoulder; left hand hold spear of left shoulder.
Reverse: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG; B in exergue.
Ref: RIC 9043 commentsgordian_guy

202 AD., Septimius Severus, Rome mint, Denarius, RIC 248.Septimius Severus, Rome mint, 202 AD.,
Denarius (18-19 mm / 3.56 g),
Obv.: SEVERVS - PIVS AVG , laureate head of Septimius Severus right.
Rev.: ADVENT AVGG , Septimius Severus on horseback left, raising right hand and holding spear; before him, soldier (or Virtus?) holding vexillum and leading horse.
RIC 248 ; Hill, Severus 559 ; BMC 304 ; C. 1 .

Like many emperors of the 3rd Century, Septimius Severus often travelled great distances to meet the demands of warfare. This denarius, inscribed ADVENT AVGG, celebrates the return of Severus and his family to Rome after one of his many journeys – in this case a long absence in the East.
His journey was overdue, and it had been delayed only long enough for Severus to defeat Clodius Albinus, his rival Caesar in the West. In the summer of 197 Severus and his family embarked by sea from Italy to Asia Minor and immediately waged war against the Parthians, who had invaded Roman territory while Severus had been fighting Albinus in Gaul. By January, 198 Severus had scored a resounding, vengeful victory. The Romans gathered a great amount of booty, killed all of the men who had remained in the capital Ctesiphon, and took as slaves perhaps 100,000 women and children.
The royal family remained in the East throughout 198 to 201, and on January 1, 202, Severus and Caracalla jointly assumed the consulate in Antioch. It was the first time they had shared the honour, and was also the first time in more than forty years that two emperors had been consuls.
Probably soon after this ceremony the royal family began its arduous journey back to Italy, this time proceeding by land, up through Asia Minor to Bithynia, crossing the Propontis into Thrace, then seemingly tracking the Danube until they descended upon Italy.
Severus’ return was no ordinary event: not only had the royal family been gone for five years, but the yearlong celebration of Severus’ decennalia, his tenth year of power, had begun and the royal wedding of Caracalla was planned. The imperial adventus was celebrated with games, spectacles and donatives to the people and to the praetorian guards, who Dio Cassius tells us each received ten aurei.

my ancient coin database
2 commentsArminius

249 AD - Trajan Decius - 249-251 AD - Ric 011b - Adventus AntoninianusIMPCMQTRAINVSDECIVSAVG - Radiate, draped and curaissed bust right
AdVENTVSAVG - Decius on horse, riding left, left hand raised in salute, and holding scepter in right.

Rome mint, 249-250 AD, Ric 11(b), Cohen 4jimwho523

268Claudius II 268-70 AD
AE antoninianus
Rome mint
Obv "IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "ADVENTVS AVG"
Claudius on horseback riding left
RIC 13mauseus

270aAurelian 270-5 AD
AE antoninianus
Milan mint
Obv "IMP AVRELIANVS AVG"
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
Rev "ADVENTVS AVG"
Aurelian on horseback riding left
RIC -; Gőbl 54a1 (this coin)1 commentsmauseus

73-04 - TRAJANO DECIO (249 - 251 D.C.)AR Antoniniano 21 x 23 mm 4.2 gr.

Anv: "IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG" - Busto radiado, vestido y acorazado, viendo a derecha.
Rev: "ADVENTVS AVG" - Emperador montado sobre un caballo, hacia la izquierda, saluda con su mano derecha levantada y portando cetro en brazo izquierdo. El caballo hacia la izquierda y leyenda "Adventus" nos indican que se celebraba la llegada a Roma del emperador. La leyenda "Profectio" con el caballo hacia la derecha, nos indicaría la partida de Roma del personaje.

Acuñada 3ra. Emisión 250 D.C.
Ceca: Roma (Off.4ta.)

Referencias: RIC Vol.IV Parte III #11b Pag.121 - Sear RCTV (1988) #2691 - Cohen Vol.V #4 Pag.186 - RSC Vol. IV #4 Pag.24 - DVM #3 Pag.231 - Cayón #11 - HCC #6mdelvalle

A101-02 - PROBO (276 - 282 D.C.)AE Antoniniano 22 x 25 mm 3.5 gr.

Anv: "IMP PROBVS AVG" - Busto radiado y con coraza, viendo a derecha.
Rev: "ADVENTVS AVG" - Emperador montado sobre un caballo, hacia la izquierda, saluda con su mano derecha levantada y portando cetro en brazo izquierdo. A los piés del caballo adelante, un prisionero sentado con sus manos atados a la espalda. "R creciente Î”" en exergo.
El caballo hacia la izquierda y leyenda "Adventus" nos indican que se celebraba la llegada a Roma del emperador. La leyenda "Profectio" con el caballo hacia la derecha, nos indicaría la partida de Roma del personaje.

Acuñada 4ta. Emisión 279 D.C.
Ceca: Roma (Off.4ta.)
Rareza: C

Referencias: RIC Vol.V Parte II #157F Pag.35 - Cohen Vol.VI #37 Pag.260 - DVM #6 Pag.261mdelvalle

A101-02 - PROBO (276 - 282 D.C.)AE Antoniniano 22 x 25 mm 3.5 gr.

Anv: "IMP PROBVS AVG" - Busto radiado y con coraza, viendo a derecha.
Rev: "ADVENTVS AVG" - Emperador montado sobre un caballo, hacia la izquierda, saluda con su mano derecha levantada y portando cetro en brazo izquierdo. A los piés del caballo adelante, un prisionero sentado con sus manos atados a la espalda. "R creciente Î”" en exergo.
El caballo hacia la izquierda y leyenda "Adventus" nos indican que se celebraba la llegada a Roma del emperador. La leyenda "Profectio" con el caballo hacia la derecha, nos indicaría la partida de Roma del personaje.

Acuñada 4ta. Emisión 279 D.C.
Ceca: Roma (Off.4ta.)

Referencias: RIC Va III #157F (C) P.35, Sear RCTV III #11953 P.471, Cohen VI #37 P.260, DVM #6 P.261, Hunter #41mdelvalle

ADVENTVS AVGTrajan Decius antoninianus
Rome mint2 commentsTibsi

ADVENTVS AVGTrebonianus Gallus antoninianus
Antiochia mint
rareTibsi

ADVENTVS AVG, RIC 157Ant. IMP PROBVS AVG, Radiate and cuirassed bust R. ADVENTVS AVG, Probus on horseback L, trampling captive. R* delta in exe. Rome, RIC 157, Common.

Its not a bad coin, but a previous owner varnished it, which is something of an irritant.Robert_Brenchley

ADVENTVS AVG, RIC 157Ant.

Obverse: IMP PROBVS AVG, Radiate and cuirassed bust R.

Reverse: ADVENTVS AVG, Probus on horseback, arm raised L, trampling captive.

Exe: R crescent delta.

Rome.

RIC 157, Common.

Langtoft Hoard.

A much nicer coin than my other example of the type!5 commentsRobert_Brenchley

Aurelian - AE antoninianusRome
autumn 273 AD
Issue 4
radiate and cuirassed bust right
IMP AVRELIANVS AVG
Aurelian on horse, wearing military dress, galloping right, thrusting spear; enemies beneath horse. The first enemy kneeling to left with arms raised; a second enemy lying on the ground to right, with r. arm raised
ADVENTVS AVG
V
BNC p.291; RIC1st 42 var.
https://ric.mom.fr/en/coin/1654
3,4g 21mm
ex Münzzentrum RheinlandJ. B.

Constantine 7.01.003Constantine
Obv CONSTANTINVS P F AVG
(R.laur.cuir)
Rev ADVENTVS AVG
(Prince riding left, left hand holding spear, horse pawing captive)
| *
PLN in ex
London
RIC VI 133 LMCC 7.01.003 (R)
3.6g, 22.9 mm x 23.1 mm
(ex Ron Bude)Noviomagus

Constantine 7.01.021Constantine
Obv CONSTANTINVS P AVG
(R.laur.cuir)
Rev ADVENTVS AVGN
(Prince riding left, left hand holding spear, horse pawing captive)
| *
PLN in ex
London
RIC VI 143 LMCC 7.01.021 (R)
4.5g, 21.7 mm x 22.6 mm
(ex Tom Vossen)Noviomagus

Constantine 8.02.002Constantine
Obv IMP CONSTANTINVS AVG
(L, helm, cuir, spear across right shoulder, shield on left arm)
Rev ADVENTVS AVG N (Emperor mounted left, raising right hand, left holding spear)
S|F
PLN
London
RIC VII 2 (r3)
LMCC 8.02.002 (R)
2.43g, 24.5mm x 25.8 mm
Ex Silbury Coins
Ex Haddenham Collection of English Coins (Spink Auction 23005 Lot 112).
(This coin is an obverse and reverse match for the coin sold in CNG Auction 121 (Lot 976).) Noviomagus

Constantine 8.03.001Constantine
Obv IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG
(R.laur.cuir)
Rev ADVENTVS AVG N
(Emperor riding left, raising right hand holding spear)
S |F
MLL in ex
London
RIC VII 21 (r4) LMCC 8.03.001 (RR)
3.3g, 21.1 mm x 21.5 mm
(ex Christian Dezegue)Noviomagus

Emmett 0966 - Hadrianus drachm, emperor in quadriga greeted by AlexandriaEGYPT, Alexandria. Hadrian. 117-138 AD. Æ Drachm (25.09 gm). Dated RY 15 (130/1 AD). Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / Adventus: Emperor in quadriga walking right, being greeted by Alexandria wearing elephant headdress; date in exergue. Köln 1037; Dattari 1595; Milne 1314; Emmett 966(15). K32.510 mattpat

Emperor Decius AR Antoninianus ' ADVENTUS AUG 'Emperor Decius (249 - 251 AD)
Silver Antoninianus (two Denarii), Rome Mint.

obv: IMP C M Q TRAIANUS DECIUS AUG - Radiate bust right.
rev: ADVENTUS AUG - Emperor Decius on horseback carrying sceptre, and raising other arm in Roman Salute.
rexesq

Emperor Decius AR Antoninianus ' ADVENTUS AUG ' - rev, close.Emperor Decius (249 - 251 AD)
Silver Antoninianus (two Denarii), Rome Mint.

obv: IMP C M Q TRAIANUS DECIUS AUG - Radiate bust right.

rev: ADVENTUS AUG - Emperor Decius on horseback carrying sceptre, and raising other arm in Roman Salute. rexesq

Emperor on Horseback over Captive: Constantine I's London ADVENTVS, Cloke & Toone plate coinPhoto Source: CNG (edited).
Roman Imperial. Constantine I AE Follis (22mm, 3.66 g, 6h), Adventus type, Londinium (London), c. 311-2 CE.
Obv: CONSTANTINVS PF AVG. Laureate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, holding spear forward in right hand, shield on left arm.
Rev: ADVENTVS AVG / * / PLN. Constantine riding left, right hand raised, holding spear in left hand, on horse pawing seated captive to left.
Ref: Cloke & Toone LMCC 7.01.007 (this coin cited and illustrated); Stepniewski “Not in RIC” CV6, p. 134, Lond. 136 (this coin illustrated); RIC VI 136; cf. Huvelin 16 (ADVENTVS AVG N).
Prov: Paul DiMarzio Collection (CNG 525 [19 Oct 2022], 1389); Ex Hookmoor FPL 1 (Feb 2016), 12; published as “CT Collections” [Clarke-Toone], w/ L. Toone's collector tag; acq. Clive Eyre, Oct 2010. (With uncertain collector or dealer tag, "19"?)

Notes: As I understand it, when this coin was struck, it had only been a year or two since Constantine had prevailed over Maximian's (final!) rebellion. But he had spent years campaigning against Franks, Alamanni, and others in the West, and had spent his early military career campaigning in the East. Since triumph over fellow Romans wasn't to be celebrated, I presume the captive should either be interpreted as one of his prior foes in the West (most recently Germanic) or East, or perhaps a promise to be the sort of Emperor who defeats Rome's enemies and brings home captives/slaves. Then again, the average Roman (or Roman soldier) might've seen this coin & thought "there's Constantine trampling Maximian's people!"
I'm curious, though, so I'm very open to ideas about this....Curtis JJ

Hadrian (Arabia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Arabia (Arabiae)
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1732
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: [ADVENTVI] AVG ARABIAE

Ex- Noonans auction 225 (lot 550)St. George's Collection

Hadrian (Cilicia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Cilicia
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1743
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: ADVENTVI AVG CILICIAE

Ex- HJ Berk, CL Clay, Dorotheum 424 Sep 1992 (154)St. George's Collection

Hadrian (Judaea)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Judaea
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1769
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: [ADVENTVI] AVG IVDAEAE

Ex- Praefectus Coins, CNG eAuction 486 (lot 610)St. George's Collection

Hadrian (Macedonia)As of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Macedonia
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1781
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: ADVENTVI AVG [MAC]EDONIAE

Ex- HJ BerkSt. George's Collection

Hadrian (Phrygia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Phrygia
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1796
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: ADVENTVS AVG PHRYGIAE

Ex- CGB NumismaticsSt. George's Collection

Hadrian (Sicily)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Sicily (Sicilia)
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1798
RIC 960
O: HADRIANVS AVG [COS III PP]
R: [AD]VENTVI AVG SICILIAE

Ex- Petasos Coins1 commentsSt. George's Collection

Hadrian, RIC 884, Sestertius of AD 134-138 (Adventus - Gaul)Æ sestertius (26.67g, Ø 31mm, 6h). Rome mint. Struck AD 134-138.
Obv.: HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P bare draped bust right.
Rev.: ADVENTVI AVG GALLIAE (around) S C (in ex.), Hadrian, togate, standing right, raising right hand, greeting Gaul standing left, holding patera over altar; sacrificed calf at her feet.
RIC 884[S]; Cohen 31; Strack 749; Banti 26; Foss (Roman Historical Coins) 112:15

Ex CNG eAuction 65 lot 68 (2003)1 commentsCharles S

Italy- Rome- The Arch of Constantine The GreatArch of Constantine
The Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch in Rome, situated between the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill. It was erected to commemorate Constantine's victory over Maxentius at the Battle of Milvian Bridge on October 28, 312 AD. Dedicated in 315 AD, it is the latest of the extant triumphal arches in Rome, from which it differs by the extensive re-use of parts of earlier buildings.

General Description
The arch is 21 m high, 25.7 m wide and 7.4 m deep. It has three archways, the central one being 11.5 m high and 6.5 m wide, the lateral archways 7.4 m by 3.4 m each. The lower part of the monument is built of marble blocks, the top (called attic) is brickwork revetted with marble. A staircase formed in the thickness of the arch is entered from a door at some height from the ground, in the end towards the Palatine Hill. The general design with a main part structured by detached columns and an attic with the main inscription above is modelled after the example of the Arch of Septimius Severus on the Forum Romanum. It has been suggested that the lower part of the arch is re-used from an older monument, probably from the times of the emperor Hadrian (Conforto et al., 2001; for a defence of the view that the whole arch was constructed in the 4th century, see Pensabene & Panella). The arch spans the Via Triumphalis, the way taken by the emperors when they entered the city in triumph. This route started at the Campus Martius, led through the Circus Maximus and around the Palatine Hill; immediately after the Arch of Constantine, the procession would turn left and march along the Via Sacra to the Forum Romanum and on to the Capitoline Hill, passing both the Arches of Titus and Septimius Severus. During the Middle Ages, the Arch of Constantine was incorporated into one of the family strongholds of ancient Rome. Works of restoration were first carried out in the 18th century; the last excavations have taken place in the late 1990s, just before the Great Jubilee of 2000.

Decoration
The decoration of the arch heavily uses parts of older monuments, which are given a new meaning in the context of the Constantinian building. As it celebrates the victory of Constantine, the new "historic" friezes illustrating his campaign in Italy convey the central meaning: the praise of the emperor, both in battle and in his civilian duties. The other imagery supports this purpose: decoration taken from the "golden times" of the Empire under Trajan, Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius places Constantine next to these "good emperors", and the content of the pieces evokes images of the victorious and pious ruler. Another explanation given for the re-use is the short time between the start of construction (late 312 at the earliest) and the dedication (summer 315), so the architects used existing artwork to make up for the lack of time to create new one. As yet another possible reason, it has often been suggested that the Romans of the 4th century lacked the artistic skill to produce acceptable artwork and therefore plundered the ancient buildings to adorn their contemporary monuments. This interpretation has become less prominent in more recent times, as the art of Late Antiquity has been appreciated in its own right. It is, of course, possible that a combination of two or all three of those explanations are correct, as they are not mutually exclusive.

Attic
Above the middle archway, the main inscription (see below) takes the most prominent place of the attic. It is identical on both sides of the arch. Flanking the inscription on both sides, there are pairs of relief panels above the minor archways, 8 in total. They were taken from an unknown monument erected in honour of Marcus Aurelius, and show (north side, left to right) the emperor's return to Rome after the campaign (adventus), the emperor leaving the city and saluted by a personification of the Via Flaminia, the emperor distributing money among the people (largitio), the emperor interrogating a German prisoner, (south side, left to right) a captured enemy chieftain led before the emperor, a similar scene with other prisoners, the emperor speaking to the troops (adlocutio), and the emperor sacrificing pig, sheep and bull. Together with three panels now in the Capitoline Museum, the reliefs were probably taken from a triumphal monument commemorating Marcus Aurelius' war against the Sarmatians from 169 - 175, which ended with his triumphant return in 176. On the largitio panel, the figure of Marcus Aurelius' son Commodus has been eradicated after the latter's damnatio memoriae. On top of each of the columns stand marble statues of Dacian prisoners from the times of Trajan, probably taken from the Forum of Trajan. From the same time date the two large (3 m high) panels decorating the attic on the small sides of the arch, showing scenes from the emperor's Dacian Wars. Together with the two reliefs on the inside of the central archway, they came from a large frieze celebrating the Dacian victory. The original place of this frieze was either the Forum of Trajan, as well, or the barracks of the emperor's horse guard on the Caelius.

Main Section
The general layout of the main facade is identical on both sides of the arch. It is divided by four columns of Corinthian order made of Numidian yellow marble (giallo antico), one of which has been transferred into the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano and was replaced by a white marble column. The columns stand on bases showing victory figures on front, and captured barbarians and Roman soldiers on the sides. The spandrels of the main archway are decorated with reliefs depicting victory figures with trophies, those of the smaller archways show river gods. Column bases and spandrel reliefs are from the times of Constantine. Above each lateral archway are pairs of round reliefs dated to the times of emperor Hadrian. They display scenes of hunting and sacrificing: (north side, left to right) hunt of a boar, sacrifice to Apollo, hunt of a lion, sacrifice to Hercules, (south side, left to right) departure for the hunt, sacrifice to Silvanus, hunt of a bear, sacrifice to Diana. The head of the emperor (originally Hadrian) has been reworked in all medaillons: on the north side, into Constantine in the hunting scenes and into Licinius or Constantius I in the sacrifice scenes; on the south side, vice versa. The reliefs, c. 2 m in diameter, were framed in porphyry; this framing is only extant on the right side of the northern facade. Similar medaillons, this time of Constantinian origin, are placed on the small sides of the arch; on the eastern side, showing the Sun rising, and on the western side, the Moon, both on chariots. The main piece from the time of Constantine is the "historical" relief frieze running around the monument under the round panels, one strip above each lateral archway and at the small sides of the arch. These reliefs depict scenes from the Italian campaign of Constantine against Maxentius which was the reason for the construction of the monument. The frieze starts at the western side with the "Departure from Milan". It continues on the southern, "outward" looking face, with the siege of a city, probably Verona, which was of great importance to the war in Northern Italy; also on that face, the Battle of Milvian Bridge with Constantine's army victorious and the enemy drowning in the river Tiber. On the eastern side, Constantine and his army enter Rome; the artist here has avoided to use the imagery of the triumph, as Constantine probably did not want to be shown triumphant over the Eternal City. On the northern face, looking "towards" the city, two strips with the emperor's actions after taking possession of Rome: Constantine speaking to the citizens on the Forum Romanum, and distributing money to the people.

Inner Sides of the Archways
In the central archway, there is one of the large panels of Trajan's Dacian War on either wall. Inside the lateral archways, eight portraits busts (two on each wall), destroyed to such an extent that it is not possible to identify them any more.

Inscriptions
The main inscription reads:

IMP · CAES · FL · CONSTANTINO · MAXIMO · P · F · AVGUSTO · S · P · Q · R · QVOD · INSTINCTV · DIVINITATIS · MENTIS · MAGNITVDINE · CVM · EXERCITV · SVO · TAM · DE · TYRANNO · QVAM · DE · OMNI · EIVS · FACTIONE · VNO · TEMPORE · IVSTIS · REM-PUBLICAM · VLTVS · EST · ARMIS · ARCVM · TRIVMPHIS · INSIGNEM · DICAVIT

Which means in English:

To the Emperor Caesar Flavius Constantinus, the greatest, pious, and blessed Augustus: because he, inspired by the divine, and by the greatness of his mind, has delivered the state from the tyrant and all of his followers at the same time, with his army and just force of arms, the Senate and People of Rome have dedicated this arch, decorated with triumphs.

The words instinctu divinitatis ("inspired by the divine") have been much commented. They are usually read as sign of Constantine's shifting religious affiliation: The Christian tradition, most notably Lactantius and Eusebius of Caesarea, relate the story of a vision of the Christian god to Constantine during the campaign, and that he was victorious in the sign of the cross at the Milvian Bridge. The official documents (esp. coins) still prominently display the Sun God until 324 AD, while Constantine started to support the Christian church from 312 on. In this situation, the vague wording of the inscription can be seen as the attempt to please all possible readers, being deliberately ambiguous, and acceptable to both pagans and Christians. As was customary, the vanquished enemy is not mentioned by name, but only referred to as "the tyrant", drawing on the notion of the rightful killing of a tyrannical ruler; together with the image of the "just war", it serves as justification of Constantine's civil war against his co-emperor Maxentius.

Two short inscriptions on the inside of the central archway transport a similar message: Constantine came not as conqueror, but freed Rome from occupation:

LIBERATORI VRBIS (liberator of the city) - FUNDATORI QVIETIS (founder of peace)

Over each of the small archways, inscriptions read:

VOTIS X - VOTIS XX SIC X - SIC XX

They give a hint on the date of the arch: "Solemn vows for the 10th anniversary - for the 20th anniversary" and "as for the 10th, so for the 20th anniversary". Both refer to Constantine's decennalia, i.e. the 10th anniversary of his reign (counted from 306), which he celebrated in Rome in the summer of 315 AD. It can be assumed that the arch honouring his victory was inaugurated during his stay in the city.

Peter Wissing

Pautalia Caracalla Largus Adventus Ruzicka 505 Pautalia Caracalla

AE 28 15.31g

Caecina Largus (198-9AD)

vierer

ob: AVT M AVPHÎ›IOC | ANTÎ©NEINOC
laureate draped and cuirassed bust right

rev: HÎ“ KAIKINA Î›APÎ“O|Y OVÎ›Î IAC
Ex: Î AYTAÎ›I
AC

Emperor on horse right, right arm raised, horse led by soldier walking right holding vexillum

dark green patina

Ruzicka 505 (rev. depicted tafel VII 21); Varbanov (E) II 4966 ; Mionnet Supp. II p.383 #1075; BMC –rennrad12020

Philip I AE Sestertius Adventvs Avgg RIC 165Philip I Æ Sestertius. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, laureate draped bust right / ADVENTVS AVG S-C, Philip on horseback left, raising right hand. RIC 165, Cohen 6, s2588,mattpat

Philip I AR Antoninianus 244-249 ADOBV: IMP M IVL PHILIPPUS AVG; Radiate bust right
REV: ADVENTVS AVGG; Philip on horseback left raising right hand

A nicely toned ex-Forum coin minted to celebrate the arrival in Rome of Philip as the new Emperor. Minted in Rome 244-247 AD RIC 26b, RSC 3

diam 22.1 mm wt 4.0 gm2 commentsdaverino

Philip I AR Antoninianus. AntiochImperial Rome, Philip I. AD 244 - 249. AR Antoninianus, AD 247-248. Antioch, Syria. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG, his radiate and cuirassed bust lt. / ADVENTVS AVGG, Philip on horseback lt., raising hand in salute and holding a sceptre. RIC 81. A beautiful example!1 commentsFausta

Philip I. Adventus Antoninianus of Rome.Roman Empire. Philip I. 244-249 AD. AR Antoninianus (21.5ᵍᵐ 4.44ᵐᵐ 7ʰ) of Rome, 2ⁿᵈ officina. 4th emission, AD 245. Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right. IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG. / Philip on horseback riding left, raising hand and holding spear. ADVENTVS AVGG. EF. CNG EA 546 #411. Attractive light and golden toning. Ex Künker 318 (11 March 2019) #1559; Münzzentrum 171 (14 January 2015); Dr. Klaus Berthold Collection (Lanz 22, 10 May 1982) #811. RIC IV.3 #26b (pl. 5 #12); RSC IV #3.Anaximander

Probus (279 AD) AE Antoninianus, Rome Mint, Adventus, Emperor on HorsebackRoman Imperial, Probus (279 AD) AE Antoninianus, Rome Mint

IMP PROBVS AVG, Radiate, cuirassed bust right.

ADVENTVS AVG, Emperor on horseback left, raising right hand and holding a scepter in the left, treading down a captive seated on ground to left. Mintmark R crescent Δ.

RIC V-2 157; Cohen 37, Sear 11953.
Gil-galad

Probus - silvered antoninianusRome
279 AD
4th emission
radiate, helmeted and cuirassed bust left, holding spear and shield
IMP PRO_BVS AVG
Probus on horse left, rising hand in salute, holding scepter; bounded captive seated left under raised right foreleg, head turned right
ADVEN_TVS AVG
R crescent Γ
RIC 157
2,8g 23,5mm
ex NaumannJ. B.

Probus / Adventus AVGProbus Antoninianus

3.85 gr, 23 mm.

RomeFlamur H

Probus CyzicusCyzicus
Antoninianus; 3.97 g; 23 mm
Obverse: VIRTVS PROBI AVG; Radiate, helmeted, and cuirassed bust left, holding round shield with image of Pegasus to right, on right shoulder; left hand hold spear of left shoulder.
Reverse: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG; Γ in exergue.
Ref: RIC 9043 commentsgordian_guy

Probus, Adventus Probi, Cyzicus.Probus, 276-282. Silvered Antoninianus (Billon, 22 mm, 2.7 g), Cyzicus, 1st officina, 276-277.
Obv: MP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG, helmeted and cuirassed bust of Probus to left, holding spear over right shoulder and covering left shoulder with shield decorated with horseman advancing to right.
Rev: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG /A Probus riding horse left, holding long scepter and raising his right hand; to left, bound captive seated left.
Cohen 69. RIC 904. A fine Antoninianus with visible silvering remaining and a pleasant bust of Probus.Flamur H

RIC 161vRIC 161, Rome. Denomination: Antoninianus.

OBV.: IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG

Radiate, cuirassed bust left, with spear.

REV.: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG

Emperor riding left, right hand raised, left holding sceptre; at foot, captive.

Mintmark: // R

Weight: 4.74 g.1 commentsvrtsprb

ROMAN EMPIRE, Probus, Fully Silvered Antoninianus, Rome, RIC 158Probus Fully Silvered Antoninianus, somewhat toned

PROBV-S PF AVG
ADVEN-TVS AVG
RIZ
RIC Rome 158

Radiate facing right, cuirassed with Medusa head breastplate.

Emperor riding left, right hand raised, left holding sceptre; at foot, captive.

Angry horse!

This coin is part of the AEQVITI series, representing the trailing "I" for the Rome series.3 comments

ROMAN EMPIRE, Septimius SeverusObv: L SEPT SEV PERT AVG IMP VIII
Laureate head right.
Rev: ADVENTVI AVG FELICISSIMO
Septimius Severus on horseback prancing right with his right hand raised.
Denarius, 3.3 gm, 18 mm, Rome RIC 74
Comment: Quoted from Berk Catalogue for Auction 143 (2005). Commemorates "Severus' return to Rome after defeating Albinus at Lyons on C. Clay's corrected chronology.....the return was actually a terrible one: Severus thought the Senate had supported Albinus, he sent ahead Albinus' severed head to be displayed in the senate-house and upon returning executed ten senators for treason".2 comments

Rome 157Antoninianus
IMP PROBVS AVG
Radiate, cuirassed bust right
ADVENTVS AVG
Emperor on horseback left, captive at feet
Rome, R star gamma
RIC 157mauseus

Rome 158cfAntoninianus
PROBVS PF AVG
Radiate cuirassed bust right
ADVENTVS AVG
Probus on horseback walking left, captive at feet
-/-//R thunderbolt Z
RIC - (cf158)mauseus

Struck A.D.276 -280. PROBUS. Silvered AE Antoninianus of Cyzicus. Obverse: VIRTVS PROBI AVG. Helmeted, radiate and cuirassed bust of Probus facing left, holding shield in his left hand and spear over his right shoulder.
Reverse: ADVENTVS PROBI AVG. Probus on horseback advancing left, right hand raised, left hand holding sceptre, figure kneeling before horse.
Diameter: 23mm | Weight: 3.5gms | Die Axis: 12
RIC V ii : 904

This coin was struck to celebrate the emperor's arrival in Cyzicus during the Imperial progress westward from Syria in A.D.276.*Alex

Trajan Decius Adventus AntoninianusReigned AD 249-251
Coin Struck AD 249-250
AR Antoninianus
Rome mint
RIC 11b

O: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, radiate bust right, draped & cuirassed

R: ADVENTVS AVG, Decius on horse riding left, with left hand raised in salute & scepter in other arm

TRAJAN DECIUS AR antoninianus - 249-251 ADobv: IMP.C.M.Q.TRAIANUS.DECIVS.AVG (radiate bust right, draped & cuirassed)
rev: ADVENTVS.AVG (Decius on horse riding left, with left hand raised in salute & scepter in other arm)
ref: RIC IViii 11b, C.4
mint: Romeberserker

Trajan Decius AR Antoninianus, ADVENTUS Trajan Decius AR Antoninianus. Rome mint, 249-250 AD. IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG, radiate bust right, draped & cuirassed / ADVENTVS AVG, Decius on horse riding left, with left hand raised in salute & scepter in other arm. RIC 11b, RSC 4. Britanikus

Trajan Decius/Adventus Ar AntoninianusObv: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG Rev: ADVENTUS AVG
RIC 11b; Sear5 #4366
O: Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust rt.; R: Emperor riding left, saluting and holding sceptre daverino

VICTORINUS, Uncertain mint[...]S P F AVG, uncertain bust of Victorinus right
[ADVENTV]S AVG, Emperor advancing on horse left
An enigmatic coin on a small flan. Whilst probably irregular, the style and other features are very good and suggest a possible official origin for this coin. However, no ADVENTVS types are known for any of the Gallic emperors, including Victorinus.
Weight 1.26g.1 commentsAdrianus

[1006a] Macrinus, 11 April 217 - 8 June 218 A.D.; Diadumenian, mid May - 8 June 218 A.D.Macrinus and Diadumenian, AMNG 750, 217-218 AD, 12.4 g, 27.25 mm; Moesia Inferior Marcianopolis; aVF; Obverse: Busts of Macrinus and Diadumenian facing each other; Reverse: Rv.: Asklepios standing left, with snake coiled on staff, lovely jade green patina; Ex Colosseum; Ex Ancient Imports.

De Imperatoribus Romanis,
An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors

Macrinus (217-218 A.D.)

Michael L. Meckler
Ohio State University

Marcus Opellius Macrinus was the first emperor who was neither a senator nor of a senatorial family at the time of his accession. His 14-month reign was spent entirely in the East, where he proved unable to maintain the influence gained in the region by the campaigns of his predecessor, Caracalla, nor was Macrinus able to shake the suspicion that he was responsible for Caracalla's murder.

Macrinus was born in Caesarea in Mauretania around the year 165 AD. While it is highly conjectural that, as a young man, the future emperor was the dedicatee of Ampelius' encyclopedic Liber memoralis, Macrinus undoubtedly received a literary education that enabled him to rise high as a bureaucrat in the imperial service during the reign of the emperor Severus. Caracalla made Macrinus a praetorian prefect, an equestrian post that was second to the emperor in power. Macrinus shared the position with the experienced soldier Adventus, and the pair served Caracalla during the emperor's campaigns in the East.

By the end of the second campaigning season in the winter of 216-17, rumors were flying both in Rome and in the East that Macrinus was promoting himself as a possible future emperor. Caracalla must have been aware of the rumors concerning Macrinus, for the contemporary historian Cassius Dio notes the emperor was already reassigning members of Macrinus' staff. Such personnel moves may have accelerated Macrinus' plot.

Shortly before the campaigning season was to begin, Caracalla paid a visit to a temple near Carrhae. The emperor was accompanied by a hand-picked corps of bodyguards. The guards returned with Caracalla's murdered body, along with the body of one of the guards and a story that the dead guard killed the dead emperor. Not everyone was convinced, but Macrinus was able to translate his authority as praetorian prefect into that of emperor, being proclaimed by the troops on 11 April 217. Macrinus soon named his son, Diadumenianus, as Caesar and heir. The new emperor also got his former colleague, Adventus, out of the way by sending him back to Rome as urban prefect.

Macrinus straightaway sent conciliatory messages to the Parthian ruler Artabanus V, but Artabanus sensed weakness and raised an army to avenge his losses from the previous year's campaign. Macrinus hoped to avoid a battle with the Parthians, but fighting erupted between the armies while both sides were encamped around Nisibis. The Parthians gained victory and, during the following autumn and winter, peace negotiations were held. Macrinus ended up paying the Parthians large bribes and reparations. Settlements were also reached with the Armenians, and, in the lower Danube, with the Dacians, who had launched attacks on the Romans after learning of Caracalla's death.

By not returning to Rome in 217, Macrinus opened himself to criticism. Dissatisfaction was especially high in the city after a particularly violent, late-August thunderstorm started a fire that damaged much of the Colosseum and caused widespread flooding, especially in the Forum. Adventus proved himself incompetent as urban prefect and had to be replaced.

But grumblings in Rome were insignificant compared to the growing unease among the soldiers on campaign in the East. The defeat at Nisibis disheartened troops. Macrinus also introduced an unpopular, two-tier pay system in which new recruits received less money than veterans. The move was a way to save money after the pay raise granted by Caracalla, but it lowered morale as well.

Earlier, Caracalla's mother, Julia Domna, had toyed with the idea of raising a rebellion against Macrinus shortly after her son's murder, but the empress was uncertain of success and already suffering from breast cancer. She chose to starve herself to death instead.

The grandchildren of her sister, Julia Maesa, would become the focus of the successful uprising that began on 15 May 218. Her 14-year-old grandson Avitus (known to history as Elagabalus) was proclaimed emperor by one the legions camped near the family's hometown of Emesa. Other troops quickly joined the rebellion, but Macrinus marshalled loyal soldiers to crush the revolt. Macrinus also promoted his son to the rank of emperor.

The forces met in a village outside Antioch on 8 June 218. Despite the inexperience of the leaders of the rebel army, Macrinus was defeated. He sent his son, Diadumenianus, with an ambassador to the Parthian king, while Macrinus himself prepared to flee to Rome. Macrinus traveled across Asia Minor disguised as a courier and nearly made it to Europe, but he was captured in Chalcedon. Macrinus was transported to Cappadocia, where he was executed. Diadumenianus had also been captured (at Zeugma) and was similarly put to death.

Contemporaries tended to portray Macrinus as a fear-driven parvenu who was able to make himself emperor but was incapable of the leadership required by the job. An able administrator, Macrinus lacked the aristocratic connections and personal bravado that might have won him legitimacy. His short reign represented a brief interlude of Parthian success during what would prove the final decade of the Parthian empire.

Copyright (C) 1997, Michael L. Meckler. Published on De Imperatoribus Romanis, An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors;http://www.roman-emperors.org/macrinus.htm. Used by permission.

Diadumenian
Much of what we know of Diadumenianus comes to us from the unreliable Scriptores Historiae Augustae. While it is true that Curtius does give the boy-Emperor some copy, suffice it to say that Diadumenian was the son of Macrinus and made Caesar at the age of nine in 217 A.D. and Augustus in 218. After his father's defeat he fled towards Parthia but was overtaken and executed.
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=573&pos=0

A very minor player in the history of Rome, Diadumenian is most conspicuous because of his impressive issue of Greek Imperial (Roman Privincial) coinage, most notably in Moesia Inferior.

Edited by J. P. Fitzgerald, Jr.
1 commentsCleisthenes

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