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RIC.67a1 Valentinian II (AE4, Salvs Reipvblicae)Valentinian II, western roman emperor (375-392)
Nummus AE4: Salvs Reipvblicae (383-392, Antioche, 1st officine)
bronze, 12 mm diameter, 1.51 g, die axis: 6 h,
D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRTVS RO-MANORVM / TRPS in exergue; Roma seating left on cuirass, holding globe and spear
Mar 10, 2019
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D.1176 Lothar I (denier)Lothar I, Holy Roman emperor (840-855), king of Middle Francia (843-855) and Italy (818-855)
"Temple" denier (unknown mint, 84-855)
Silver, 1.09 g, 17-20 mm diameter, die axis 12 h
O/ +HLOTΛPIVS ΛGVS; cross pattée with 4 pellets
R/ +XPISTIANA RELIGIO; temple
Lothar I re-used the temple type, which had been made popular by his father Louis the Pious. However, it was minted by Lothar in much smaller quantities.
Mar 03, 2019
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S.862 Eanred (Brother)Styca of Eanred, king of Northumbria (810-841)
Moneyer: Brother
1.12 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 11h
O/ +EANRED REX
R/ +BRODR
Motif: 1b/1
Brother was the second most prolific moneyer. He struck for kings Eanred, Aethelred II and Redwulf.Mar 02, 2019
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S.862 Eanred (Odilo)Styca of Eanred, king of Northumbria (810-841)
Moneyer: Odilo
0.93 g, 11-12 mm diameter, die axis 12h
O/ +EANRED X (retrograd)
R/ +ODILO
Motif: 1/1
Odilo is a scare moneyer, who struck for kings Eanred and Aethelred II.
Mar 02, 2019
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RIC.26a2 Magnus Maximus (AE2, Reparatio Reipvb)Magnus Maximus, usurpor (383-384), western roman emperor (384-388)
Maiorina pecunia AE2 : Reparatio Reipvb (383-388, Arles mint)
bronze, 21 mm diameter, 5.04 g, die axis: 1 h
A/ D N MAG MAXI-MVS P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ REPARATIO-REIPVB / SCON in exergue, C in the field; emperor standing facing left, with right hand raising kneeled turreted woman, and holding Victory on globe in left hand
RIC.IX 26.a.2(C)
Ferrando II 1670 (C4) Mar 02, 2019
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S.1182 Edward the Confessor (hammer cross penny, York)Edward the Confessor, king of England (1042-1066)
Hammer cross penny (moneyer: Thorr, mint: York, 1059-1062)
A/ +EΛDPΛRD-DRE; crowned, bearded bust right, scepter before
R/ +DORR ON EOFRPICE (barred D); hammer cross, annulet in one quarter
silver, 1.40 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 6h
Mar 02, 2019
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RIC.158 Augustus (AE, Nimes dupondius)Augusutus, emperor (-27/14)
AE: Nimes dupondius (-8/-3, Nimes mint)
bronze, 20mm diameter, 12.74 g, die axis: 1h
A/ IMP / DIVI F above and below heads of Agrippa (left) and Augustus (right), back to back, that of Agrippa wearing rostral crown and that of Augustus is oak-wreathed
R/ COL / ENM to left and right of a chained crocodile and a palm treeFeb 28, 2019
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S.1257 William I the Conqueror (PAXS penny, London)William I the Conqueror, king of England (1066-1087)
PAXS penny (moneyer: Alfred, mint: London, 1083-1086?)
A/ +PILLELM RE; crowned bust facing, sceptre to right; clasp on shoulder
R/ +IELFRE ON LVNDN; cross with the letters PAXS in circles in the angles
silver, 1.40 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 6h
Feb 28, 2019
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RIC.55b2 Flavius Victor (AE4, Spes Romanorvm)Flavius Victor, usurpor, Cesar (384-387), western roman emperor (387-388)
Nummus AE4: Spes Romanorvm (387-388, Aquilea mint, 2ond officine)
Bronze, 12-13 mm diameter, 1.40 g, die axis: 1 h
A/ D N FL VIC-TOR P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ SPES RO-MA-NORVM / AQPS in exergue; open camp-gate with star between its two turrets
Feb 24, 2019
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RIC.86 Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avg (4th emission, 1st phase, 266, Trèves)
Billon (100 ‰), 3.46 g, diameter 18-21 mm, die axis 7h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALV-S AVG; Esculape standing, facing, looking left, leaning on a staff on which a snake is wrapped. At foot, a globe on the right
EG.70Feb 24, 2019
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D.511 Eudes (denier, Limoges, immobilization)Eudes, king of the Franks (888-898)
Denier (Limoges)
Silver, 1.77 g, 20 mm diameter, die axis 2h
O/ +GRΛTIΛ DI RE; odonic monogram + / ◊D◊ / + (legend beginning at 5h)
R/ +LIMâ—ŠVICΛS CIVIS ; cross pattée
This type was immobilized for 50 years ('til the middle of the 10th century).
Feb 24, 2019
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S.2233 Henry VII Tudor (sovereign type penny, Durham)Henry VII Tudor, king of England (1485-1509) and Bishop Richard Fox
Sovereign type penny (mint: Durham)
A/ [hENRIC] DI [GRA RE]X A[NG]; king seated on throne with one pilar, holding scepter and orb
R/ [CIVI-TA]S-DIR-hAm; royal shield on cross, mitre above, D and R on the sides
silver, 0.55 g, diameter 15 mm, die axis 8h
Feb 24, 2019
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S.1151 Aethelred II (long cross penny, Winchester)Aethelred II, king of the English (978-1013 and 1014-1016)
Long cross penny (moneyer: Godwine, mint: Canterbury, 997-1003)
A/ +ΛEDELRED REX ΛNGLO (AE and NG ligated) around central circle enclosing draped bust left
R/ +GODE-PINE-MΩO-CΛENT (NE and ΛE ligated) ; long voided cross with terminal lunettes
silver, 1.65 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1hFeb 22, 2019
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RIC.368 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma, Arles, branch)Rome commemorative
AE3 (331-332, Arles mint, 1st officine)
bronze, 18 mm diameter, 2.53 g, die axis: 7 h
A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above and a branch between, PCONST in exergue
Ferrando II 960 (C3) Aug 25, 2018
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S.1158 Cnut (pointed helmet penny, London)Cnut, king of England (1016-1035)
Pointed helmet penny (moneyer: Edwerd, mint: London, 1024-1030)
A/ +CNVT: - RECX A: around central circle enclosing bust in pointed helmet left holding scepter
R/ +ELEDERD ON LV(ND): around central circle enclosing quarters of short voided cross with circles in centre
silver, 1.04 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 7h
Peck marks are very common on these pennies. A large part of them was minted in order to pay the danegeld (tax raised to pay tribute to Vikings to save a land from their raids). These peck marks are supposed to have been made by Danes when checking the penny was in good silver.
Aug 06, 2018
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S.1148 Aethelred II (crux penny, Winchester)Aethelred II, king of the English (978-1013 and 1014-1016)
Crux penny (moneyer: Brithmaer, mint: Winchester)
A/ +ΛEDELRED REX ΛNGLR X (AE and NG ligated) around central circle enclosing diademed & draped bust left holding a scepter
R/ BYRTHMΛER M-O PIN (AR ligated) around central circle containing voided cross with pellet center, C R V X in angles
silver, 1.65 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1hAug 06, 2018
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RIC.67a1 Valentinian II (AE4, Salvs Reipvblicae)Valentinian II, western roman emperor (375-392)
Nummus AE4: Salvs Reipvblicae (383-392, Antioche, 1st officine)
bronze, 12 mm diameter, 1.51 g, die axis: 6 h,
A/ D N VALENTINIANVS IVN P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS REI-PVBLICAE / ANTA in exergue, chrisme in the field, Victory advancing left, holding trophy on
shoulder with right hand and dragging captive with left oneAug 06, 2018
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RIC.28a Gratian (AE2, Reparatio Reipvb)Gratian, western roman emperor (367-383)
Maiorina AE2: Reparatio Reipvb (378-383, Lyon)
bronze, 22 mm diameter, 4.56 g, die axis: 12 h
A/ D N GRATIA-NVS P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ REPARATIO - REIPVB / LVG? in exergue; emperor standing facing left, with right hand raising kneeled turreted woman, and holding Victory on globe in left hand
Aug 06, 2018
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RIC.5b.vii Valens (AE3, Gloria Romanorvm)Valens, eastern roman emperor (364-378)
Nummus AE3 : Gloria Romanorvm (364-367, Siscia, 2ond officine)
bronze, 19 mm diameter, 1.84 g, die axis: 7h
A/ D N VALEN-S P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ GLORIA RO-MANORVM / DBSISC in exergue / *A in the field on the right; emperor advancing right, dragging captive and holding labarumAug 06, 2018
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RIC.14a.xxv Valentinian I (AE4, Gloria Romanorvm)Valentinian I, western roman emperor (364-375)
AE4: Gloria Romanorvm (367-375, Siscia, 2ond officine)
bronze, 18 mm diameter, 2.00 g, die axis: 6 h
A/ D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ GLORIA RO-MANORVM / BSISCS in exergue / Q|*RO in the field; emperor advancing right, dragging captive and holding labarum
Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.27d1 Valentinian I (siliqua, Vrbs Roma)Valentinian I, western roman emperor (364-375)
Siliqua : Vrbs Roma (367-375, Trèves)
silver, 17 mm diameter, 1.79 g, die axis: 7 h
A/ D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VRBS - ROMA / TRPS• in exergue, Roma seating on cuirass, head left, holding globe and spear
Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.373 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma, Arles, wreath)Rome commemorative
AE3 (332-333, Arles mint, 1st officine)
bronze, 18 mm diameter, 1.97 g, die axis: 6 h
A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above and a wreath between, PCONST in exergue
Ferrando II 962 (C3) Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.351 Rome commemorative (AE3, Vrbs Roma, Arles)Rome commemorative
AE3 (330-331, Arles mint, 2ond officine)
bronze, 17 mm diameter, 2.30 g, die axis: 6 h
A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, [S]CONST* in exergue
Ferrando II 958 (C3) Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.322 Constantine II (AE3, Virtvs Caess)Constantine II, caesar (317-337), western emperor (337-340)
AE3 : Providentiae Caess (328-329, Arles mint, 3rd officine)
bronze, 19mm diameter, 3.14 g, die axis: 12h
A/ CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRTVS - CAESS / TCONST in exergue, S | F in the field; gateway wide wide open doors, four turrets and a star aboveAug 05, 2018
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RIC.255 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Pietas Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pietas Avgg (6th emission, 272-273, Cologne)
Billon, 2.30 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 6h
A/ C P E TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ PIETAS AVGG; pontifical instruments variously arranged (vase handle on the left)
EG.305Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.148 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Virtvs Avgg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Virtvs Avgg (5th emission, 274, Trèves)
Billon, 2.92 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 7h
A/ IM[P C T]ETRI[C]VS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRTVS AVGG, Mars standing left, holding spear and leaning on shield
EG.281Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.115var Tetricus I: antoninianus (Princ Ivvent)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Princ Ivvent (5th emission, 274, Trèves)
Billon, 3.02 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 1h
A/ IMP C TETRIC[VS P F AVG]; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [PRINC] IV-VENT; Tetricus II standing left holding baton and scepter
EG.279Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.75 Victorinus, antoninianus (Victoria Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Victoria Avg (3rd emission, mid-end 270, Cologne)
Billon (20 ‰), 2.71 g, diameter 18mm, die axis 7h
A/ IMP C [VICTO]RINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ [VI]CTO-R-[I]-A AVG; Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm
EG.245Aug 05, 2018
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RIC.87 Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 2ond phase, 260-261, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 3.23 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 1h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the horned Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed
EG.9Aug 05, 2018
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D.1155 Louis II the Stammerer (denier, Visé)Louis II the Stammerer, king of the Franks (877-879)
Denier (Tours)
Silver, 0,79 g, 19 mm diameter, die axis 8h
O/ +HLVDOVVICVS REX; KRLS monogram of Charles (legend beginning at 10h)
R/ +IN VICO VIOSΛTO; croix pattée
The KRLS (Karolus) monogram appears on this coinage of Louis II. One can imagine that there hadn't been much time to think about a new monogram just after Charles II's death.
Louis II was physically quite weak and died 2 years after his father Charles II. His reign was consequently very short.Aug 05, 2018
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D.308B Rudolph (denier, Château-Landon)Rudolph (or Raoul, Radulf), king of the Franks (923-936)
Denier (Château-Landon)
Silver, 1.16 g, 19 mm diameter, die axis 4h
O/ +CRΛTIΛ D-I; odonic monogram of Rodolf (legend beginning at 9h)
R/ +CΛSTIS LIΛNDNI; cross pattée
The R on the top of the monogram and the F below are for Rodulfus. The 2 lozenges on the sides may come from Eudes' monogram (Oddo). Eudes was the brother of Rudolph's father-in-law... sort of family alliance against Carolingians (although Rudolph's aunt had been married to Charles the Bald...). The I and the X are more mysterious.
According to Dumas, this coinage may have been struck after Rudolph's dead, by Hugues the Great, his brother-in-law... family business still.
Jul 04, 2018
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D.733 Rudolph (denier, Orléans)Rudolph (or Raoul, Radulf), king of the Franks (923-936)
Denier (Orléans)
Silver, 1.27 g, 18 mm diameter, die axis 6h
O/ +CRΛTIΛ D-I REX; monogram RDFS (legend beginning at 9h)
R/ +ΛVRELIΛNIS CIVITΛ cross pattée
This monogram is clearly an imitation of the tradition KRLS Charles' one. As often in Orléans' coinage, the I after an L in Avrelianis is in the angle of the L. Jun 19, 2018
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D.1041 Louis III (denier, Tours)Louis III, king of the Franks (879-882)
Denier (Tours)
Silver, 1.78 g, 19 mm diameter, die axis 12h
O/ +IIISIRICORDIΛ DI REX; Louis' monogram (legend beginning at 3h)
R/ +HTVRâ—ŠNES CIVITAS; croix pattée
Louis III became king of West Francia at 16 after his father Louis II died quite young. As he was the only living son of Charles II, Louis II had inherited the full kingdom of West Francia from his father. At opposite, when Louis II died, his sons Louis III and Carloman II divided the kingdom into a northern part for Louis III and a southern part for his brother Carloman II. During his reign, Louis III (in alliance with his brother) achieved military successes, especially against Vikings. However, Louis III's reign didn't last long. Louis III died inadvertently at 19 while chasing a girl on his horse. He hit violently the lintel of a door with his head.
Louis III's coinage is hard to distinguish from Louis II's. Both bear the same name et both reigns were very short. Three kinds of coins can be found:
* coins with legend LVDOVICS REX and a KRLS monogram : these coins have been found for northern and southern mints and are consequently given for Louis II;
* coins with a LVDOVICVS monogram ; they have only been found for the northern mints, and are consequently supposed to be Louis III's;
* coins of Toulouse with LV/DO, imitating the ones of Charles emperor with CA/RL. The attribution to Louis II seems to be straightforward due to the southern position.
The legend of the coin is different from the traditional Gratia di Rex, but still shows a religious origin. However its success remained very limited, with some scare coins of Louis III and Eudes. Jun 09, 2018
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D.750 Charles II the Bald (denier, class 2, Palace Mint)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877)
GDR denier (Palace Mint, class 2, 864-875)
Silver, 1.77 g, 20 mm diameter, die axis 2h
O/ +GRΛTIΛ D-I REX; carolingian monogram
R/ +PΛLΛTINΛ MONE; cross pattée
Jun 08, 2018
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Dy.016 Henry I: denier (Paris, 1st type)Henry I, king of the Franks (1031-1060)
Denier (Paris, 1st type)
Silver, 1.23 g, diameter 21 mm, die axis 10h
O/ HΛNIRICVS REX ; Alpha et Omega hung in the field
R/ PΛISIVS CIVTAS around a cross pattéeJun 05, 2018
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Dy.243 Charles IV (the Fair): maille blanche, 1st emissionCharles IV, king of France (1322-1328)
Maille blanche, 1st emission (03/02/1324)
Silver (798 ‰), 1.82 g, diameter 22 mm, die axis 2h
O: inner circle: +kAROLVS(diamond)REX; cross pattée; outer circle: BHDICTV⋮SIT#8942nOmЄ⋮DHI⋮nRI
R: inner circle: +FRANChORVm*; châtel tournois; outer circle: a circlet of 10 fleur-de-lis
The h of FRANChORVm is characteristic of the first emission.
Charles was the younger and third son of former king Philip the Fair. He was consequently not supposed to rule. However, as his two brothers successively died without any living son, he became king in 1322. Six years later, he also died without a male heir. So ended up the capetian senior line in 1328.
The legend began then... Jacques de Molay, last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, had cursed King Philip the Fair and his descendants from his execution pyr in 1314. Was the curse finally efficient ?
Charles'cousin, his nearest parent, became then king of France as Philip VI.Jun 05, 2018
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S.856 Aethelred II (Tidwulf)Sceat of Aethelred I, king of Northumbria, seconf reign (790-796)
Moneyer: Tidwulf
Silver, 1.02 g, 14 mm diameter, die axis 5h
O/ +EDILRED
R/ +TIDVVL.FD
Motif: 1/5
Tidwulf was a quite scare moneyer of king Aethelred I. However his name can also be found on later stycas with blundered legends.May 31, 2018
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S.868 Aethelred II (Eardwulf)Styca of Aethelred II, king of Northumbria, second reign (844-848)
Moneyer: Eardwulf
1.12 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 7h
O/ +EDILRED REX
R/ +EΛRDVVLF
Motif: 1c/5May 31, 2018
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S.868 Aethelred II (Wulfred)Styca of Aethelred II, king of Northumbria, second reign (844-848)
Moneyer: Wulfred
0.91 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 6h
O/ +EDI+[...]RE (retrograde, outward)
R/ +VVLFRED (retrograde, outward)
Motif: 1a/1
These Aethelred/Wulfred stycas with blundered legend are thought to be associated to Aethelred II's second reign.
May 31, 2018
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RIC.126var Tetricus I: antoninianus (Salvs Avgg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avgg (5th emission, 274, Trèves)
Billon, 5.03 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 7h
A/ IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [S]ALVS AVGG; Salus standing left, feeding serpent raising from altar and holding anchor
EG.280May 13, 2018
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RIC.136 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Spes Pvblica)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Spes Pvblica (3rd emission, 271-272, Trèves)
Billon, 2.26 g, diameter 17 mm, die axis 1 h
A/ IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ [SP]ES - P-VBLI[CA]; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe
EG.262May 13, 2018
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RIC.325 Postumus: antoninianus (Saecvli Felicitas)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Saecvli Felicitas (4th emission, 1st phase, 266, Trèves)
Billon (100 ‰), 3.86 g, diameter 22 mm, die axis 6h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SAECVLI FELICITAS; emperor standing right, holding globe and spear
EG.67May 13, 2018
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RIC.64 Postumus: antoninianus (Herc Devsoniensi)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Devsoniensi (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 2.40 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 1h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC DEVSONIENSI; Hercules standing right, leaning on club, holding bow and lion's skin
EG.15May 13, 2018
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D.197 Charles II the Bald (obol, class 1a, Bourges, Aquitaine)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877)
Obol (Bourges, Aquitaine, class 1a, 848-849 ?)
Silver, 0.80 g, 17 mm diameter, die axis 5h
O/ +CΛRLVS REX ; cross pattée
R/ AQUI / • / TANIA
The obols of Charles the Bald with AQUITANIA on the reverse are thought to have been minted in Bourges due to hoard studies. For instance, Chaumoux-Marcilly (small village near Bourges) hoard was found in 1930. It had in it 40 coins of Charles the Bald: 20 from Bourges, 17 obols with AQVITANIA, 2 from Melle and one from Orléans. This hoard is consequently supposed to be made of local coins, and AQVITANIA obols of Charles the Bald are supposed to have been minted in Bourges.
May 12, 2018
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RIC.6f4 Valens (siliqua, Restitvtor Reip)Valens, eastern roman emperor (364-378)
Siliqua : Restitvtor Reip (366, Lyon)
silver (900 ‰), 18 mm diameter, 1.80 g, die axis: 6h
A/ D N VALEN-S P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ RESTITV-TOR REIP / SLVG• à l'exergue ; emperor standing facing, head right, holding labarum and Victory on globeMay 10, 2018
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Dy.145 Louis VII (the Young): denier parisis (Paris), 2nd typeLouis VII, king of the Franks (1137-1180)
Denier parisis (Paris), 2nd type
Billon, 0.81 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 9h
O: +LVDOVICVSoREX; FRA/NCO
R: PARISII CIVIS, cross pattée
May 10, 2018
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S.869 Osberht (Wulfsige)Styca of Osberht, king of Northumbria (849-867)
Moneyer: Wulfsige
1.22 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 2h
O: +OZBERHT
R: +VVLFZIXτ
Motif: 6/1
Provenance: Bolton Percy hoard no1079May 10, 2018
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D.740 Eudes (denier, Orléans)Eudes, king of the Franks (888-898)
Denier (Orléans)
Silver, 1.77 g, 20 mm diameter, die axis 10h
O/ +GRΛTIΛ D TI; Eudes'monogram R / ◊D◊ / EX (inverted E) (legend beginning at 9h)
R/ +ΛVRELIΛNIS CIVITAS; cross pattée
Contrary to Charlemagne and Charles the Bald, Eudes seems to have had some problems to choose a monogram or to explain to all mints how it had to look like... Apr 28, 2018
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D.207 Lothair (denier, Bourges, immobilization ?)Lothair, king of the Franks (954-986)
Denier (Bourges)
Silver, 1.31 g, 22 mm diameter, die axis 9h
O/ +IOTERIVS REX; cross pattée
R/ +BITVRICES CIVIT; degenerated monogram
This type was immobilized 'til the beginning of the XI century.
Apr 28, 2018
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D.761 Charles II the Bald (denier, class 1a, Paris)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877)
Denier (Paris, class 1a, 840-864)
Silver, 1.69 g, 20 mm diameter, die axis 7h
O/ +CΛR•LVS RE•X FR ; cross pattée
R/ PΛRI / • / Sâ—‚II
Apr 28, 2018
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Dy.243D Charles IV (the Fair): maille blanche, 3rd emissionCharles IV, king of France (1322-1328)
Maille blanche, 3rd emission (07/23/1326)
Silver (718 ‰), 1.64 g, diameter 22 mm, die axis 11h
O: inner circle: +kAROLVS(square)RE•X•; cross pattée; outer circle: BHDICTV⋮SIT(ring)nOmЄ⋮DHI⋮nRI
R: inner circle: +FRANCORVm; châtel tournois; outer circle: a circlet of 10 fleur-de-lis, the top one being between 2 dots
The RE•X• on the reverse is characteristic of the 3rd emission. Most of the time, the top fleur-de-lis is also surrounded by two dots, similarly to the 2ond emission.
Apr 28, 2018
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Dy.224 Philip IV (the Fair): obol tournois with a round O Philip IV, king of France (1285-1314)
Obol tournois with round O (1280-1290)
Billon (270 ‰), 0.55 g, diameter 15 mm, die axis 2h
O: +PhILIPPVS REX; cross pattée
R: +TVRONVS CIVIS; châtel tournois
This type was struck during 1280-1285 (end of Philipp III's reign) and 1285-1290 (beginning of Philip IV's reign). Apr 28, 2018
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RIC.27b Honorius (Siliqua, Vot X Mvlt XV)Honorius, western roman emperor (393-423)
Siliqua : Virtus exerciti (388-402, Milan mint)
silver, 16 mm diameter, 1.47 g, die axis: 7 h
A/ D N HONORI-VS P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ VOT / X / MVLT / XVL, MDPS in exergue; in wreath
RIC.IX 27b(R4) or RIC.X 1225(R3)Apr 08, 2018
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RIC.66 Postumus: antoninianus (Herc Devsoniensi)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Felicitas Avg (3rd emission, 1st phase, 263-265, Trèves)
Billon (150 ‰), 4.09 g, diameter 22.5 mm, die axis 7 h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC DEV-SONIENSI; Hercules standing left in temple of four columns, leaning on club and holding lion's skin
EG.40Apr 08, 2018
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RIC.161 Tetricus I: antoninianus (Victoria Avg)Tetricus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (271-274)
Antoninianus: Victoria Avg (3rd emission, 271-272, Trèves)
Billon, 2.89 g, diameter 17 mm, die axis 7 h
A/ [I]MP C TETRICVS P [F AVG]; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VICTO[-R-I-]A AVG; Victory advancing left, holding wreath and palm
EG.263Apr 08, 2018
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S.861 Eanbald II (Eadwulf)Styca of Eanbald II, archbishop of York (796-830)
Moneyer: Eadwulf
0.99 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 12h
O/ +EΛNBΛLD ΛRE (N and B tied)
R/ +EΛDVVLF
Motif: 5/5
Mar 21, 2018
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Dy.146 Louis VII (the Young): denier parisis (Paris), 3rd typeLouis VII, king of the Franks (1137-1180)
Denier parisis (Paris), 3rd type
Billon, 0.83 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 3h
O: LVDOVICVS REX; FRA/OCN
R: PA[R]ISII CIVIS, cross pattée
The second line on the field of the obverse must be read form right to left, so that one can read : Lvdovicvs rex franco(rum).
Mar 21, 2018
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D.1007 Charles II the Bald (denier, class 3, Toulouse)Charles the Bald, king of the Franks (840-877) and Holy Roman Emperor (875-877)
Denier (Toulouse, class 2, 876-877)
Silver, 1.59 g, 20 mm diameter, die axis 7h
O/ +CΛRLVS IMP R- ; cross pattée
R/ +TOLOSΛ+CIVI ; CA / RL in the center
The presence of the name of the sovereign on the reverse is quite rare for carolingian coins. This is also the case for Toulouse deniers of Charles the Bald's Louis II (or grandson Louis III) with LV / DO.
This coinage is also sometimes attributed to Charles the Fat.Mar 21, 2018
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RIC.41 Victorinus, antoninianus (Aeqvitas Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Aeqvitas Avg (1st emission, end 269, Cologne)
Billon (20 ‰), 3.27 g, diameter 19.5 mm, die axis 7 h
A/ IMP C PI VICTO[RINVS P F AVG]; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas standing left, holding scales and cornupiae
Origin: Irchester hoard
EG.223Feb 15, 2018
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RIC.57 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pietas Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Pietas Avg (3rd emission, mid-end 270, Cologne)
Billon (20 ‰), 3.72 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 7 h
A/ IMP C VICTOR[INVS P F A]VG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ PIETAS AVG; Pietas standing left, sacrificing at altar and holding box of perfumes
EG.240Feb 15, 2018
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D.abs Louis the Pious (obol, class 3)Louis the Pious, king of the Franks and Holy Roman emperor (813-840)
Obol (unknown mint in the south-east of France?, class 3, 822-840)
Silver, 0.77 g, 15 mm diameter, die axis 5 h
O/ +PISTIΛNΛ PI; cross pattée with 4 pellets
R/ +OPISTIΛNΛ PE; cross pattée
This obol may be due to a double reverse error because of the absence of the sovereign's name and the legend repetition on both sides. However several dies were used to strike this type (I could find 3 obverse and 3 reverse dies), one side always bears 4 pellets as the other does not. One of the reverse dies is associated to the more typical obverse legend +HLVDOVVICVS I. Consequently an error does not seem to be likely. Because of hoard localizations, these obols seem to come from a single mint, in the south-east of France (Lyon, Arles?).
Feb 12, 2018
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D.1180 Louis the Pious (obol, class 3)Louis the Pious, king of the Franks and Holy Roman emperor (813-840)
"Temple" obol (unknown mint, class 3, 822-840)
Silver, 0.69 g, 16 mm diameter, die axis 2 h
O/ +HLVDOVVICVS MP; cross pattée with 4 pellets
R/ +PSTIΛNΛ REICIO; temple
This obol is a reduced version of the temple denier.Feb 12, 2018
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D.180 Louis the Pious (obol, Bourges, class 2)Louis the Pious, king of the Franks and Holy Roman emperor (813-840)
Obol (Bourges, class 2, 819-822)
Silver, 0.64 g, 15 mm diameter, die axis 8 h
O/ LVDO / VVIC
R/ +BITVRIGES; cross pattée
Feb 12, 2018
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Dy.223A Philip IV (the Fair): denier tournois with a round O Philip IV, king of France (1285-1314)
Denier tournois with round O (1280-1290)
Billon (299 ‰), 1.10 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 7h
O: +PhILIPPVS REX; cross pattée
R: +TVRONVS•CIVISx; châtel tournois
This type was struck during 1280-1285 (end of Philipp III's reign) and 1285-1290 (beginning of Philip IV's reign). The only difference with the denier tournois of the first part of Philip III's reign is PHILIPPVS, spelled with 2 P intead of 1.Feb 12, 2018
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Dy.217 Philip IV (the Fair): Gros tournois with a long 0 and a lilyPhilip IV, king of France (1285-1314)
Gros tournois with long 0 and a lily (1298)
Silver (958 ‰), 3.98 g, diameter 27 mm, die axis 7h
O: inner circle: +PhILIPPVS(ringlet)REX; cross pattée; outer circle: BNDICTVâ‹®SITâ‹®HOmЄ⋮DNIâ‹®nRIâ‹®DЄIâ‹®IhV.XPI
R: inner circle: +TVR0NVS*CIVIS; châtel tournois; outer circle: a circlet of 12 fleur-de-lis
Nov 02, 2017
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RIC.abs Postumus: antoninianus (Salvs Provinciarvm)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Salvs Provinciarvm (1st emission, 1st phase, 260, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 2.19 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 6h
A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTIMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the Rhine god recumbent left, right hand on vessel and left hand holding a scepter or a reed
EG.1Nov 01, 2017
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Dy.262 Philip VI (of Valois): Gros à la couronne, 1st emissionPhilip VI, king of France (1328-1350)
Gros à la couronne, 1st emission (01/01/1337)
Silver (851 ‰), 2.51 g, diameter 25 mm, die axis 5h
O: inner circle: (ringlet)PhI-LIP-PVS-REX; legend interrupted by a cross pattée; outer circle: BnDICTV⋮SIT⋮nOmЄ⋮DNIâ‹®nRI⋮DЄI
R: inner circle: +FRANCORVm; châtel tournois under a crown, with 3 bullets inside; outer circle: a circlet of 11 fleur-de-lis
Philip VI is the first non direct capetian king. He was the cousin of the 3 previous kings.
The Gros tournois hadn't changed since its creation by Saint Louis. During Philip VI's reign, 3 new types of Gros were struck, with lighter weight and less silver. These monetary difficulties may be related to the premisses of the One Hundred Years' war and French military defeats.
The 3 bullets in the chatel (without any star below) are characteristic of the 1st emission.Oct 31, 2017
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RIC.abs Rome commemorative (AE4, Vrbs Roma, Arles, X)Rome commemorative
AE4 (339-340, Arles mint)
bronze, 14 mm diameter, 1.44 g, die axis: 6 h
A/ VRBS ROMA; helmeted and mantled bust of ROMA, left
R/ She-wolf with twins, two stars above, X between them, PCON in exergue
The exergue may be PCON or PCONST. The lack of space and the dots on the visor of the helmet suggest it is rather PCON.
Ferrando II 979 (R1)Oct 30, 2017
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S.862 Eanred (Folcnoth)Styca of Eanred, king of Northumbria (810-841)
Moneyer: Folcnoth
0.90 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 8h
O/ +EANRED REX
R/ +FVLC[NOD?]
Motif: 1/1
Folcnoth was a scare moneyer of king Eanred.
This particular obverse die is known to have been used by moneyers Aldates, Brother and Folcnoth. However I couldn't find another example of a coin with this reverse die.
Oct 22, 2017
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S.860 Eanred (Eadwine)Styca of Eanred, king of Northumbria (810-841)
Moneyer: Eadwine
0.71 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 11h
O/ +EΛNRED REX
R/ +EΛDVINI
Motif: 5/5
Eadwine only struck for king Eanred during the first part of his reign.Oct 22, 2017
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S.865 Aethelred II (Odilo)Styca of Aethelred II, king of Northumbria, first reign (841-844)
Moneyer: Odilo
1.13 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 1h
O: +EDIL.:RED RE (retrograde)
R: +ODILO (retrograde)
Motif: 1b/1
Odilo was a scarce moneyer, who minted for kings Eanred and Aethelred II.
The obverse of this coin looks to be double struck, with a quite important shift.
P.895Oct 22, 2017
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RIC.35 Magnus Maximus (AE4, Vot V Mvlt X)Magnus Maximus, usurpor (383-384), western roman emperor (384-388)
Nummus AE4 : Vot V Mvlt X (383-388, Lyon mint)
bronze, 14 mm diameter, 1.72 g, die axis: 6 h,
A/ [D N MA]G MAXI-MVS P F AV[G]; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VOT / V/ MVLT / X / LVCS in exergue; in wreath
Oct 18, 2017
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RIC.225 Constantine I (AE3, Providentiae Avgg)Constantine I, caesar (306-307), emperor (307-337)
AE3: Providentiae Avgg (324-325, Lyon mint)
bronze, 20mm diameter, 3.13 g, die axis: 12h
A/ CONSTAN-TINVS AVG; pearl-diademed head right
R/ PROVIDEN-TIAE AVGG / PLC in exergue; open camp gate, two turrets, no door and a star above
Ferrando II 479 (C2)Oct 18, 2017
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Bastien 277 Postumus: double sestertius (Herc Pacifero)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: Herc Pacifero (264-265/6, mint II)
Bronze, 15.52 g, diameter 26 mm, die axis 11h
A/ IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ HERC-PACIFERO; Hercules, standing left, holding olive branch, club and lion’s skin
Oct 18, 2017
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RIC.67 Victorinus, antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (2ond emission, 269-270, Cologne)
Billon (20 ‰), 3.06 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 2 h
A/ IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust left
R/ SALVS AVG; Salus standing right, feeding serpent in arms
EG.236Oct 18, 2017
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RIC.71 Victorinus, antoninianus (Salvs Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus: Salvs Avg (5th emission, 271, Trèves)
Billon (20 ‰), 2.65 g, diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 12 h
A/ [IMP C] VICTORINVS P F [AVG]; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ SALVS [AVG]; Salus standing right, feeding serpent rising from altar
EG.223Oct 18, 2017
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RIC.188 Constans (AE4, Victoriae DD Avgg Q NN)Constans, caesar (333-337), western emperor (337-350)
AE4: Victoriae DD Avgg Q NN (346-358, Trèves mint)
bronze, 15mm diameter, 1.65g, die axis 6h
A/ CONSTAN-S P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VICTORIAE DD AVGG Q NN / TRS in exergue / * in field; 2 facing Victories holding palm and wreath Oct 14, 2017
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RIC.8.2 Valentinian I (AE3, Vot V Mvlt X)Valentinian I, western roman emperor (364-375)
AE3 : Vot V Mvlt X (364, Sirmium)
bronze, 19 mm diameter, 3.56 g, die axis: 1 h
A/ D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ VOT / V / MVLT / X / BSIRM in exergue; in wreath
Oct 14, 2017
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RIC.309 Constantine I (AE3, Providentiae Avgg)Constantine I, caesar (306-307), emperor (307-337)
AE3: Providentiae Avgg (327-328, Arles mint)
bronze, 18mm diameter, 2.66 g, die axis: 7h
A/ CONSTAN-TINVS AVG; pearl-diademed head right
R/ PROVIDEN-TIAE AVGG / ARLS in exergue/S|F in field; open camp gate, two turrets, no door and a star above
Ferrando II 479 (C2)Oct 14, 2017
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RIC.255 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Pietas Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Pietas Avgg (6th emission, 272-273, Cologne)
Billon, 2.30 g, diameter 20 mm, die axis 6h
A/ C P E TET[RICVS CAE]S; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ [P]IETAS AVGG; pontifical instruments variously arranged (vase handle on the right)
EG.305Oct 02, 2017
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RIC.84b Magnus Maximus (siliqua, Virtvs Romanorvm)Magnus Maximus, usurpor (383-384), western roman emperor (384-388)
Siliqua: Virtvs Romanorvm (383-388, Trèves mint)
silver 900‰, 18 mm diameter, 2.24 g, die axis: 1 h
A/ D N MAG MAX-IMVS P F AVG; pearl diademed, draped & cuirassed bust right
R/ VIRTVS RO-MANORVM / TRPS in exergue; Roma seated left on throne, holding Victory on globe and spear
Die breaking on the cheekOct 01, 2017
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RIC.289 Constantine II (AE3, Providentiae Caess)Constantine II, caesar (317-337), western emperor (337-340)
AE3 : Providentiae Caess (326, Rome mint)
bronze, 18mm diameter, 2.80 g, die axis: 6h
A/ CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PROVIDEN-TIAE CAESS / R(wreath)T in exergue; open camp gate, two turrets, no door and a star aboveSep 30, 2017
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LT abs, Gaul, Carnutes, potin Carnutes tribe (Beauce, south of Paris, France)
Circa 100-50 BC
Cast potin, 4.04 g, 19 mm diameter, die axis 12h
O/ head with hair left
R/ standing eagle, head right
Sep 30, 2017
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Saint Martial abbey: denier (Limoges)Saint Martial abbey, Limoges, anonymous (1100-1150)
Silver, 1.14 g, diameter 18 mm, die axis 3h
O/ +SES•MARCIAL; facing bearded bust of Saint Martial
R/ +LEMOVICENSIS; beaded cross with 2 pellets in each quadrant
Sep 10, 2017
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RIC.85 Magnus Maximus (AE2, Reparatio Reipvb)Magnus Maximus, usurpor (383-384), western roman emperor (384-388)
Maiorina pecunia AE2 : Reparatio Reipvb (383-388, Trèves mint)
bronze, 23 mm diameter, 5.23 g, die axis: 7 h,
A/ D N MAG MAX-IMVS P F AVG; pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ REPARATIO-REIPVB / SMTRP; emperor standing facing left, with right hand raising kneeled turreted woman, and holding Victory on globe in left hand
RIC.IX 85.1(S) Aug 29, 2017
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RIC.116 Victorinus, antoninianus (Pax Avg)Victorinus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (269-271)
Antoninianus : Salvs Avg (1st emission, 269, Trèves)
Billon (20 ‰), 1.92 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 1 h
A/ IMP C M PIAVVIONIVS VICTORINVS P F AVG; radiate and cuirassed bust right
R/ PA-X AVG; Pax standing left, holding an olive-branch and a sceptre
Long titulature for Victorinus, characteristic of the first emission.
EG.186Aug 26, 2017
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S.866 Aethelred II (Leofthegn)Styca of Aethelred II, king of Northumbria, first reign (841-844)
Moneyer: Leofthegn
1.24 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 4h
O: +EDILRED REX
R: +LEOFDEGN
Motif: 2a/2a
No special central motif on this Leofthegn styca
Leothegn was a moneyer of Aethelred II. He didn't coin for other rulers. His stycas are characterized by a diversity of central motifs. He seemed to have a more considerable artistic freedom than the other moneyers.
There is on this coin one of the simplest special motifs (double circle on the reverse).
Aug 26, 2017
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S.862 Eanred (Wulfred)Styca of Eanred, king of Northumbria (810-841)
Moneyer: Wulfred
0.95 g, 12 mm diameter, die axis 3h
O/ +EANRED REX
R/ +VVL.FRED
Motif: 1/1
Wulfred was a prolific moneyer for kings Eanred, Aethelred, Osberht and Archibishop Wulfhere. Similarly to Monne's case, the length of this moneyer's career may suggest that there were 2 Wulfreds. However, unlike Monne, Wulfred didn't coin for Redwulf, who usurpated the crown during Aethelred's reign.Aug 26, 2017
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RIC.270 Tetricus II: antoninianus (Spes Avgg)Tetricus II, Gallic caesar (usurper) (272-274)
Antoninianus : Spes Avgg (8th emission, 273-274, Cologne)
Billon, 3.19 g, diameter 19 mm, die axis 12h
A/ C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust left
R/ SPE-S-AVGG; Spes walking left, holding flower and raising robe
EG.315Aug 26, 2017
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RIC.54 Postumus: antoninianus (PM TR P COS II PP)Postumus, Gallic emperor (usurper) (260-269)
Antoninianus: PM TR P COIS II PP (1st emission, 3rd phase, 261, Trèves)
Billon (200 ‰), 3.13 g, diameter 23 mm, die axis 6h
A/ IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
R/ PM TR P CO-S II PP; Emperor in military attire, standing left, holding spear and tropy
EG.19Aug 23, 2017
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