Last additions - St. George's Collection's Gallery |
073 Christian IHvid of Christian, king of Denmark (1448-1481), Norway (1450-1481), and Sweden (1457-1464)
Mint: Malmo
O: *CRISTIEN R' D GR'D
R: MON MA: MOI ENS
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2411 (lot 5058), Ertzeid, HO HansenSt. George's CollectionMar 23, 2024
|
|
S.5491 James VIBalance half-merk of James VI, king of Scotland 1567-1625 and England 1603-1625
Mint: Edinburgh
SCBC 5491
O: IACOBVS·6·D·G·R·SCOTORVM·1591
R: *·HIS·DIFFERT·REGE·TYRANNVS·
Ex- CNGSt. George's CollectionJan 15, 2024
|
|
007 Olof SkötkonungSwedish penny, time of Olof Skötkonung 995-1022
Mint: Sigtuna
Malmer chain 11, dies 417/4.728
Blundered legends
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, CNG 115 (lot 959), CNG eAuction 463 (lot 570)St. George's CollectionJan 15, 2024
|
|
S.877 Cuthred (Eaba)Penny of Cuthred, king of Kent 798-807
Moneyer: Eaba
Mint: Canterbury
S. 905
O: +CVDRED REX CANTI
R: +EABA MONETA
Ex- Triton XXVII (lot 1231), Causeway collection, Sovereign RaritiesSt. George's CollectionJan 15, 2024
|
|
S.794 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series D
Type 10
S.794
SL 9-10
O: Bust right, EPA in runic
R: "Moon face" right, TILVS partly on flan
Ex- CNG
St. George's CollectionJan 15, 2024
|
|
Hadrian (Dacia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Dacia
Exercitus type
RIC II.3 1924
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: EXERC DACIC[VS]
Ex- Divus NumismatikSt. George's CollectionJan 10, 2024
|
|
S.854 Alchred with Archbishop EcgberhtSceat of Alchred, king of Northumbria 765-774 with Ecgberht, archbishop of York
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 854
Abramson 75-10
O: +AL.hHRDh (retrograde)
R: EGBERhT AR
A rare coin produced in the last year of Ecgberht's life. Ecgberht produced coins with Eadberht, Æthelwald Moll, and Alchred. He was a contemporary of Venerable Bede.
Ex- Silbury Coins, EMC 2014.0360St. George's CollectionJan 09, 2024
|
|
088 John III1 Öre of John III, king of Sweden 1569-1592
1576
Mint: Stockholm
O: IOHANNES·3·D G·SVECIE·REX 7 6
R: MON NOVA STOK HOL I OR
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionDec 30, 2023
|
|
011 HarthacnutPenny of Harthacnut, king of Denmark 1035-1042 and England 1040-1042
Danish issue as king of Denmark
Moneyer: Toci
Mint: Lund
S. 1170, Hbg 28 (var.)
Hauberg 28
O: NARÐECII
R: TOOCI ON LVNDI
Danish coin of Harthacnut, imitating the long cross type of Aethelred II. Harthacnut faces left with a nice head of bushy hair, looking somewhat more like a rooster's comb. In front of him is an extended hand, which seems to be clothed in a gauntlet. The lanky fingers look almost skeletal. The significance of this hand may be related to similar imagery of the 'benediction hand' on other coins of Aethelred II. This similar hand is also seen on late Roman coins. This image only appears on coins of Toci. Toci also struck coins for Cnut the Great, Magnus the Good, and Cnut IV.
Ex- Hafnia coins, Künker Auction 194 (lot 2132)St. George's CollectionDec 25, 2023
|
|
025 NielsPenny of Niels, king of Denmark 1104-1134
Moneyer: Estman
Mint: Roskilde
Hbg. 9
O: N[ICO]LAVS REX
R: EST
Chipped (possibly as made or due to double striking?) but pleasantly toned example of Niels' scarce coinage. Double struck and somewhat difficult to read. Estman is one of his more common moneyers, and his name is found with various spellings. Coins of Niels are frequently chipped, or just struck on very irregular planchets. This is in contrast to the fairly well-made coinage of his father Svend Estridsen.
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen online auction 1407 (lot 5009)St. George's CollectionDec 25, 2023
|
|
119 Gustav V2 Kroner of Gustav V, king of Sweden 1907-1950
1939
Mint: Stockholm
KM 787
O: GUSTAF V SVERIGES KONUNG 1939 G
R: MED FOLKET FÖR FOSTERLANDET 2 Kr.
Ex- Roschberg MynthandelSt. George's CollectionDec 24, 2023
|
|
001 Ribe sceatSceatta of uncertain origin, probably Ribe, Denmark
Series X
S.797
O: Facing bust, possibly Odin/Woden
R: Monster right
These coins are generally believed to have been produced in Ribe and had a fairly extensive production with wide distribution throughout the North Sea world.
This particular coin is of an unusual variety, which has quaterfoils of pellets surrounding the face, rather than crosses.
Ex- AMR CoinsSt. George's CollectionDec 24, 2023
|
|
070 Christopher of BavariaHvid of Christopher, king of Denmark (1440-1448), Norway (1442-1448), and Sweden (1441-1448)
Mint: Malmo
O: *CRISTOF*REX*D*S*N
R: MON MAL MOI ENS
Christopher, an outsider, became king after his uncle Eric was deposed. Christopher's main accomplishment was putting down a peasant revolution, then he died at a young age.
Ex- Roschberg MynthandelSt. George's CollectionDec 24, 2023
|
|
116 Oscar II2 Kroner of Oscar II, king of Norway 1872-1905 and Sweden 1872-1907
Mint: Stockholm
1897
Silver Jubilee issue
KM 762
O: OSCAR·II·SVERIGES·NORGES·G·O·V·KONUNG
R: MINNE·AF·TJUGUFEMÅRIG·REGERING TVÅ KR· 1872-1897
This circulating commemorative issue was made for King Oscar's Silver Jubilee.
Ex- Roschberg MynthandelSt. George's CollectionDec 24, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Syria)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Syria
Exercitus type
RIC II.3 1957
O: [HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP]
R: EXERC SYRIAC[VS] SC
Ex- HJ Berk, CJ Clay, Platt (Paris)St. George's CollectionDec 21, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Cilicia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Cilicia
Adventus type
RIC II.3 1743
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: ADVENTVI AVG CILICIAE
Ex- HJ Berk, CL Clay, Dorotheum 424 Sep 1992 (154)St. George's CollectionDec 21, 2023
|
|
077 HansBlaffert of Hans, king of Denmark (1481-1513), Norway (1483-1513), and Sweden (1497-1501)
Mint: Oldenburg
With a value of 2 pennies, the blaffert was mostly produced in Germany. This coin was made around 1500 in Oldenburg, king Hans' homeland, and was either produced for Hans, or for his count, also named John.
Ex- Oslo Myntgalleri auction 36 (lot 636), CJ SimensenSt. George's CollectionDec 21, 2023
|
|
038 Haakon SverressonBracteate quarter-penny of Haakon III Sverresson (?), king of Norway 1202-1204
Mint: Unknown (or Hamar)
Schive VII:10
NM.13
This bracteate penny, with the letter H, might be from the Hamar mint, or might be assigned to Haakon III, the son of Sverre Sigurdsson, who was king for a short time in the early 13th century. His untimely death, possibly from poison, led to a succession crisis, and worsening of internal strife. Haakon's son, also named Haakon, ultimately would survive and became one of medieval Norway's greatest kings.
Ex- Oslo Myntgalleri auction 36 (lot 318)St. George's CollectionDec 16, 2023
|
|
004 Harald "Bluetooth" GormssonBracteate penny of Harald "Bluetooth", king of Denmark 958-986 and Norway 970-986
Mint: Hedeby
Dorestad type
Harald, known as Bluetooth for uncertain reasons, but possibly due to a discolored or painted tooth, is known for introducing Christianity, and coinage, to Denmark. His unusual nickname has survived to the modern day, in the form of Bluetooth devices, named after Harald
Ex- Oslo Myntgalleri auction 36 (lot 620), CJ Simensen, Hornung auction 1 (lot 33)St. George's CollectionDec 16, 2023
|
|
016 Olav HaraldssonPenny of Olav III "Kyrre" Haraldsson, king of Norway 1067-1093
Mint: Unknown
Schive III:23
NM.13
Olav "Kyrre" or "the peaceful", was the son of Harald Hardrade, the famous Viking chieftan who died in England at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066. Olav's reign was a relatively peaceful one for this turbulent age, giving him his nickname.
Ex- Oslo Myntgalleri auction 36 (lot 309), CJ SimensenSt. George's CollectionDec 16, 2023
|
|
077 HansSkilling of Hans, king of Denmark (1481-1513), Norway (1483-1513), and Sweden (1497-1501)
Mint: Malmø
Galster 29
O: IOhnS DEI GR AREX DACIE
R: MONETA NOVA MALMOENSIS
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2345 (lot 5033), CNG 464 (lot 74), RA Jourdan, Kunker 211 (lot 2012)St. George's CollectionDec 03, 2023
|
|
083 Frederick ISøsling of Frederick I, king of Denmark (1523-1533) and Norway (1524-1533)
Mint: Malmø
Galster 63
O: FRED ERICD GREX DACIE
R: MONETA NO MALM Z
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2345 (lot 5036), MiSAB 40 (lot 886)St. George's CollectionDec 01, 2023
|
|
077 HansHvid of Hans, king of Denmark (1481-1513), Norway (1483-1513), and Sweden (1497-1501)
Mint: Ålborg
Galster 36
O: IOhES:D:G:R:DACIE
R: MON AEL BOR GEN
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2345 (lot 5034), MiSAB 36 (lot 862)St. George's CollectionDec 01, 2023
|
|
S.1158 Cnut (Hringwulf)Penny of Cnut, king of England 1016-1035, Denmark 1018-1035, and Norway 1028-1035
Moneyer: Hringwulf
Mint: Norwich
S. 1158
O: +INVT R EX ANGL
R: +RICNVL.F ON NORÐPI
Ex- Hosker Haynes 2 (lot 28)St. George's CollectionNov 23, 2023
|
|
013 StridsperiodenAnonymous penny from the Stridsperioden ("Battle" or "strife" period) 1044-1047
Moneyer: Suerlced (?)
Mint: Lund
O: IPPDCC+IICVI
R: +SV ERL CDO NLVN
These anonymous coins are thought to have been made from 1044-1047 when Magnus the Good, Harald Hardrade, and Svend Estridsen were all competing for the rule of Denmark. It is thought that because the mint was changing hands so frequently, it was likely that the coins were purposely given garbled nonsense obverse legends.
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 916 (lot 67), K KoldSt. George's CollectionNov 23, 2023
|
|
021 Eric EvergoodPenny of Eric I "Evergood", king of Denmark 1095-1103
Moneyer: Bjorn
Mint: Lund
Hbg. 3
Poulsen SK8
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 916 (lot 34), Rasmussen/Ahlstrom auction 1 Oct 1994 (lot 67), H Hede, Broge 1938 (lot 95), Hauberg auction 1929 (lot 1267), P HaubergSt. George's CollectionNov 23, 2023
|
|
064 Valdemar AtterdagPenny of Valdemar IV "Atterdag", king of Denmark 1340-1375
Mint: Roskilde
MB 680
Valdemar IV, called "Atterdag" or "return of the day", is remembered as a successful ruler, who rebuilt the kingdom of Denmark from ruin, and the disastrous economic policies of his predecessors. Valdemar's father, Christopher II, essentially mortgaged the kingdom to foreigners, and due to restrictions on his power, was helpless as Denmark was sliced up and devoured by its neighbors. Valdemar seems to have been an energetic ruler, who was able to piece back his kingdom by repayment of debt, taxation, confiscation, and conquest. Probably not a fun time to live for the average peasant, but the end result was a stronger and more resilient Denmark.
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 916 (lot 57), TH 5 1999 (lot 371), KG KaaberSt. George's CollectionNov 22, 2023
|
|
S.810 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q III
S.810
Type 64
SL 65-20
O: Quadruped left, looking back at tail which is knotted in triquetra
R: Bird walking right, triquetra above
Ex- Noonans 283 (lot 98), Davisson 42 (lot 267), Zabel CollectionSt. George's CollectionNov 16, 2023
|
|
052 Valdemar BirgerssonBracteate penny of Valdemar, king of Sweden 1250-1275
Mint: Lödöse
SMB 133
Lagerqvist XVII:B:5a
Ex- MiSAB 43 (lot 234)St. George's CollectionOct 14, 2023
|
|
030 Gotland Period IPenny from Gotland ca. 1150-1220
Mint: Visby
SMB 1
LL XX:1a
Coinage in Gotland is believed to have been a non-royal coinage that came out in phases. This is the earliest phase, dating to the late 12th century.
Ex- MISAB 43 (lot 250), MISAB 30 (lot 58), MISAB 9 (lot 79)St. George's CollectionOct 14, 2023
|
|
S.793 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series D
Type 8 (var.)
S.793
Abramson 10-20
O: Cross on triangle
R: Cross in wheel with cruciform limbs
Ex- Noonans 278 (lot 47), Spink 21000 (lot 323), T. Abramson, CNG 75 (lot 1369), Beowulf Collection, M. VosperSt. George's CollectionOct 14, 2023
|
|
S.782A Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary (?) phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Z-related
S.782A
Abramson 102-80
O: Quadruped right with forking tail
R: Maltese cross, blundered legends surrounding
A rare type with a creature that shares similarities with the creature on series Z as well as on the coins of Aldfrith of Northumbria
Ex- Noonans 278 (lot 34)St. George's CollectionOct 14, 2023
|
|
S.1182 Edward the Confessor (Leofwald)Penny of Edward the Confessor, king of England 1042-1066
Moneyer: Leofwald
Mint: Winchester
S. 1182
O: +EADPARD R ANG
R: +LIOFPOLD ON PINCEST
Ex- Noonans 278 (lot 118), Glendining 6 Oct 1987 (lot 574), GV Doubleday, DNW 31 (lot 195), P Broadley, SNC April 1998 (lot 1796)St. George's CollectionOct 14, 2023
|
|
S.5563 Charles I12 shillings of Charles I, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland 1625-1649
Mint: Edinburgh
Mintmark: Thistle
S.5563
Third Coinage
Falconer's second issue
O: CAROLVS:D:G:MAGN:BRITAN:FRAN:ET:HIB:REX
R: QVÆ:DEVS:CONIVNXIT·NEMO:SEPARET:
Ex- L.BennettSt. George's CollectionSep 01, 2023
|
|
035 Cnut VIPenny of Cnut VI, king of Denmark 1182-1202
Mint: Lund
Hbg. 1
Hbg. auction 1526
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2331 (lot 5238)St. George's CollectionAug 18, 2023
|
|
031 Valdemar the GreatPenny of Valdemar I, king of Denmark 1154-1182
Mint: Roskilde
Hbg. 15
This coin depicts the king on the obverse, and a clergyman on the reverse. The bishop is presumed to be Absalon, Valdemar's close advisor and the founder of the city of Copenhagen.
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen 2331 (lot 5231)St. George's CollectionAug 18, 2023
|
|
100 Haakon VII50 Ore of Haakon VII, king of Norway 1905-1957
1919
O: .HAAKON.VII.NORGES.KONGE. .ALT.FOR.NORGE. 1919
R: 50 ORE
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionAug 18, 2023
|
|
123 Olav VKrone of Olav V, king of Norway 1957-1991
1972
Mint: Kongsberg
O: OLAV.V.R
R: 1972 1.KRONE NORGE
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionAug 18, 2023
|
|
058 Eric MenvedPenny of Eric Menved, king of Denmark 1286-1319
Mint: Lund
MB 314
Ex- MøntbutikkenSt. George's CollectionAug 03, 2023
|
|
054 Eric KlippingPenny of Eric V Klipping, king of Denmark 1259-1286
Mint: Lund
MB 123
Eric was called Klipping, or Glipping, which refers to the clipping of a coin, a common medieval practice to shave off a little silver from a coin. The nickname was not meant to be a compliment, suggesting he was stealing from his people.
Like most of the kings of the Civil War period, Eric had a troubled reign, with constant feuding with his nobles and his neighbors.
Ex- MøntbutikkenSt. George's CollectionAug 03, 2023
|
|
034 Cnut EricssonBracteate of Cnut Ericsson, king of Sweden 1173-1195
Mint: Sigtuna
SMB 25
The coins of Cnut of Sweden feature a facing bust of Cnut holding a sword, which later degenerates into a simplified pellet portrait.
Ex- R Delzanno, MISAB 40 (lot 4)St. George's CollectionJul 23, 2023
|
|
069 Eric of PomeraniaSterling of Eric of Pomerania, king of Denmark (1396-1439), Norway (1389-1442), and Sweden (1396-1439)
Mint: Lund
Galster 9
O: ERICVS REX D S N
R: MOnETA LVnDEnSI
Eric of Pomerania, born Bogislaw, but renamed Eric to be more acceptable to the Scandinavians, became king of the three Nordic countries due to the political machinations of his great-aunt, Margaret. Eric was crowned at Kalamar, and the united three countries are known to history as the Kalamar Union. Eric was an active and energetic ruler, but his attempt to control trade in the Baltic Sea led to conflict with the powerful Hanseatic League, as well to discontent with the merchant class of Scandinavia, and this ultimately led to Eric's downfall. He was deposed as king of the three countries, though the union would continue for a while yet.
Popular legend is that Eric became a pirate after his reigns ended.
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionJul 17, 2023
|
|
063 Christopher IIPenny of Christopher II, king of Denmark 1320-1326, 1329-1332
Mint: Jylland
MB 587
Christopher's reign was fairly disastrous, as he was forced to sign a contract on ascension severely limiting his power, which also pretty much took away any revenue. Thus Christopher mortgaged parts of his kingdom to pay for his reign, particularly his wars, which only ended up with the near dissolution of Denmark. It's hard to see much good in Christopher's kingship, although it should be noted that he was a product of his time.
Ex- G WardSt. George's CollectionJul 16, 2023
|
|
058 Eric Menved or 063 Christopher IIPenny of Eric VI Menved, king of Denmark 1286-1319, or of Christopher II, king of Denmark 1320-1326, 1329-1332
Mint: Roskilde
MB 422
Eric was another somewhat forgotten king of Denmark. During his reign the powers of the king were limited and the treasury was drained. Eric had 14 children and had the misfortune to outlive them all.
Recent scholarship has questioned the attribution, as to whether this coin belongs to Eric or Christopher's reign. The presence of the E doesn't really mean much in favor of Eric, as many of these coins have a single letter represented, of uncertain meaning.
Ex- G WardSt. George's CollectionJul 15, 2023
|
|
036 Sverre SigurdssonBracteate quarter-penny of Sverre, king of Norway 1184-1202
Mint: Oslo?
Schive VII:21
NM 9
Skaare 129
Sverre, called Sigurdsson, might have been the son of Sigurd Munn, one of the many kings of Norway during the chaotic 12th century. Sverre became leader of the Birkebeiners, a rebel group in Norway that ultimately gained power in the 1170s. However, king Sverre had the opposition of the church, and a group of disaffected nobles called the Baglers, who supported the prior regime and doubted Sverre's paternity. The conflict would continue after Sverre's death.
Sverre is an interesting character from a numismatic perspective, because of the large amount of coins of his that survived. In 1840, a large group of coins was found in Dæli, Norway. A few pennies in Sverre's name were found, but the majority of coins were bracteates. These extremely thin small coins were the main currency of the Birkenbeiner party during these troubled years. Because of the presence of the pennies with Sverre's name, it is possible to attribute these otherwise minimally marked coins.
The bracteates are found with letters, and many letters are represented. These are thought to represent mints, but it is not certain whether that is truly the case. This coin, with the 'A', may be for Asloia (Oslo)
Ex- M.Ringsrud, FinnCoinSt. George's CollectionJul 13, 2023
|
|
056 Magnus LadulåsBracteate of Magnus III "Ladulås", king of Sweden 1275-1290
Mint: Skara?
SMB 159
LL XVIII:C:2a
Magnus enlisted the help of Denmark to oust his brother Valdemar, the king of Sweden. His nickname "Ladulås", is of uncertain origin. It it thought to mean "barn-lock" noting that Magnus set a law that allowed the peasant class to refuse handing over their food to any nobility who could previously just demand it (i.e. a peasant could just "lock his barn").
Ex- G.WardSt. George's CollectionJul 12, 2023
|
|
011 HarthacnutPenny of Harthacnut, king of Denmark 1035-1042 and England 1040-1042
English issue in the name of Cnut
Moneyer: Leofwine
Mint: Thetford
Arm-and-scepter type
S. 1169
O: +CNVT RECX A
R: +LEFPINE ON ÐEOTVO
The arm-and-scepter type in the name of "Cnut" was produced during the reign of Harthacnut
Ex- Mark Rasmussen, Morton & Eden Auction 91 (lot 43), Archbishop John SharpSt. George's CollectionJul 10, 2023
|
|
009 Cnut the GreatPenny of Cnut, king of Denmark 1018-1035, Norway 1028-1035, and England 1016-1035
English issue as King of England
Moneyer: Brunman
Mint: London
S. 1159
O: +CNVT REX A
R: +BRVNMAN ON LV
Ex- Harlan J. BerkSt. George's CollectionJul 10, 2023
|
|
003 Eric Haraldsson "Bloodaxe"Penny of Eric, king of Norway 932-934 and York 947-948 and 952-954
English issue as king of Jorvik
Moneyer: Ingelgar
Mint: probably York
Sword type
S.1030
A fragment of a penny of Eric Haraldsson, remembered to history by his nicknames "Bloodaxe" and "Brother-bane". Eric was probably the son of Harald, first king of Norway. His early life is described in the Norwegian sagas, written much later, and certainly with embellishment. He feuded with his half-brothers, and probably killed at least one or two of them. He succeeded his father in 932 as king of Norway, but was an unpopular ruler and ultimately deposed in favor of his brother Haakon. Eric left to live the good Viking life for a time, raiding in the North Sea. During this time, a Viking kingdom in York was slowly in decline due to the actions by the West Saxons, and with the defeat of Anlaf Guthfrithsson in 937, Viking York seemed likely to be integrated into the Saxon realm. However, Aethelstan's premature death in 939, his young successor was unable to consolidate the gains, and Viking York lived on, though in a diminished capacity. It should be remembered that Northumbria was something of a sideshow for its Viking leaders, who were kings in Ireland as well. Conflict between Vikings and English would continue, until a new player joined in- Malcolm, king of the Scots. The Scots started raiding Viking York, leading to even further weakening and the removal of Anlaf Sihtricsson, the new Viking king.
Eventually, Eric would find his way to Northumbria, where he would be made king in 947. This was not ok with the English Saxons, who believed they had overlordship of this region. King Eadred invaded and kicked out Eric and company. Eric's first reign would last only a year or so.
However, Eric was nothing if not tenacious. After his removal, the Saxons lost interest and things in York started to fall apart. Anlaf Sihtricsson, came back from Ireland to take charge again. Eric subsequently returned to the scene, defeated the Scots, kicked out Anlaf (again), and became king of York a second time.
It is thought that this sword coinage is from Eric's second reign, and hearkens back to old Northumbrian coinage in the name of Sihtric and St. Peter that also features the sword.
Eric's time was finally running out though. In 954 he was killed, likely in battle against England. Ultimately, he was the last of the Viking kings of York. Northumbria was finally absorbed into the English realm.
Eric's story is well recorded in the sagas, and there are a number of colorful details that are probably apocryphal. Eric might have been betrayed by a retainer, who had him assassinated. Eric's nickname "bloodaxe" is a colorful nickname that has survived, and presumably had to do with either his prowess in battle, or his murder of his family.
Ex- R.Hamer, EMC 2022.0390, PAS PUBLIC-BAFF76, found DriffieldSt. George's CollectionJul 10, 2023
|
|
S.790G Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series E
S.790G
Type G5
O: Degenerate bust right, insect-like, letters XAZA
R: Degenerate standard, surrounding letters and included letters.
A series of letters can be found on the reverse. There is speculation that these could be an attempt to spell the name of Willebrord, the Anglo-Saxon missionary who later became bishop of Utrecht.
My personal suspicion is that if the letters are trying to spell anything, it is likely VVICVS FIT, the city of Quentovic, which would make this a Frankish rather than Frisian issue, but could just be imitative of other coins that spell out Quentovic without having clear connection to that city.
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionJul 01, 2023
|
|
S.947 Eadwald (Lul)Penny of Eadwald, king of East Anglia, ca. 798
Moneyer: Lul
Mint: Unknown
S. 947
N. 432
Naismith E3
O: REX/+EADVA/LD
R: +L V L
Nothing is known about Eadwald, who was king in East Anglia for a short time after the death of Offa of Mercia. Mercia had dominated East Anglia, but a dysnastic struggle after Offa's death seems to have allowed an independent East Anglia to re-emerge. It would not last, and within a few years it was again a Mercian protectorate.
We don't know who Eadwald was or when exactly he lived. He did produce coins, and these very rare pieces give insight into an otherwise forgotten period.
Ex- Lockdales 162 (lot 1496), CNG 97 (lot 983), J Cross, Spink 211 (lot 70), EMC 2011.0178St. George's CollectionJun 14, 2023
|
|
S.1184 Edward the Confessor (Snaebjorn)Penny of Edward the Confessor, king of England 1042-1066
Moneyer: Snaebjorn
Mint: York
S. 1184
O: +EADPARD REX
R: +SNEBEARN ON EO
Ex- L Bennett, Corringham hoardSt. George's CollectionJun 12, 2023
|
|
Dy. 214 Philip IVGros Tournois of Philip IV, king of France 1285-1314
Dy. 214
Ex- Olivier Goujon NumismatiqueSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
Dy. 1 Hugh CapetDenier of Hugh Capet, king of France 987-996, with Herveus, bishop of Beauvais 987-997
O: HVGO REX HERVEIS
R: BELVACVS CIVITAS
Ex- CNG eAuction 531 (lot 1305), West Collection, GA SingerSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
Dy. 204 Philip IIIDenier tournois of Philip III, king of France 1270-1285
Dy. 204
O: PHILIPVS REX
R: TVRONVS CIVIS
The deniers of Philip III spell the king's name as 'PHILIPVS' wheras the later coins of Philip IV spell the name as 'PHILIPPVS'.
Ex- GA SingerSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
Dy. 187 Louis VIIIDenier Tournois of Louis VIII 1187-1226 (or Louis IX)
Dy. 187
O: +LVDOVICVS REX
R: +TVRONVS CIVI
Louis VIII had a short reign as king of France, largely preoccupied with the Albigensian crusade. Louis also was a pretender to the throne of England, prior to becoming king of France. He took control of much of southern England during the First Barons War and only the death of King John prevented Louis from being crowned.
The denier tournois was a popular medieval French royal coin. The coins in the name of Louis (LVDOVICVS) could be Louis VIII or Louis IX. It is thought that the coins with the legend "TVRONVS CIVI" are from Louis VIII and "TVRONVS CIVIS" are from Louis IX.
Ex- Olivier Goujon NumismatiqueSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
011 HarthacnutPenny of Harthacnut, king of Denmark 1035-1042 and England 1040-1042
Danish issue as king of Denmark, probably 1023-1027 when Jarl Ulf was regent in Denmark
Moneyer: Theodred
Mint: Lund
Hauberg 1
O: +HARDACNVT RX
R: DEODRED ON LVN
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, Historical Scholar collectionSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
S.6122 Sihtric III (Faeremin)Penny of Sihtric III, Hiberno-Norse king of Dublin 995-1036
Moneyer: Faeremin
Mint: Dublin
S.6122
Phase II
O: +SIHTRC RE+ DYFL M
R: FÆREMIN MO DYFLI
Ex- G Schinke, Noonans 259 (lot 525), Good Money Collection, SpinkSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
S.6106 Phase I Hiberno-NorsePhase I Hiberno-Norse penny ca. 995-1020
In the name of Æthelred II
Moneyer: Faeremin
Mint: Dublin
S.6106
Phase I
O: +ÆDELRÆD RE+ AIGO
R: +FÆREMIN MO DYFLI
This coin does not name Sihtric, but was probably of his time. The obverse names Æthelred but the reverse has the Dublin signature.
Ex- G Schinke, Noonans 259 (lot 515), Good Money Collection, BaldwinsSt. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
S.886A Coenwulf with Archbishop ÆthelheardPenny of Æthelheard, Archbishop of Canterbury 793-796, 803-805, with Coenwulf, King of Mercia 796-821
Second Archepiscopate 803-805
Fifth issue
Mint: Canterbury
S.886A
N.232
Naismith C22.1j
O: +COENVVLF REX M
R: +AEDILHEARD AR EP
Æthelheard had a troubled time as Archbishop of Canterbury. Shortly after Offa of Mercia's death, Kent fell out of the Mercian sphere of influence and asserted its independence under Eadberht Praen. Æthelheard, who owed his position to the Mercians and was no friend to Eadberht, took refuge in Mercia. However, he found himself in a tricky position, as his predecessor Jaenberht had long feuded with Offa, leading to the latter creating a rival see in Lichfield with its own archbishop. Æthelheard found himself in exile and not even the top dog in Mercia.
It would take some time for the situation to improve, but eventually the new Mercian king, Coenwulf, was able to restore Mercian rule over Canterbury and restore Æthelheard. Meanwhile Æthelheard went to Rome to petition the pope to demote the rival Archbishopric in Lichfield, which was ultimately done, leaving Canterbury's archbishop the head of ecclesiastic matters in England, a situation that essentially has continued to this day. In 803, Æthelheard returned and was able to resume his position for a short time before his death.
Æthelheard struck coins with Offa and Coenwulf. It is not clear whether there were any coins of his made in his lengthy absence, and there are several different varieties, but all are pretty rare suggesting that the coinage volume was pretty small.
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, Spink 18011 (lot 9), A Williams, SNC 12-1991 (7953), D Chick, found Dunmow, Essex, 1988, EMC 2001.0976St. George's CollectionJun 11, 2023
|
|
S.1171 Edward the Confessor (Opi)Penny of Edward the Confessor, king of England 1042-1066
Moneyer: Opi
Mint: Hertford
S. 1171
O: +EDPEARD .RECX:
R: EP. IION HE: ORT: (P A C X in center)
Ex- MH CoinsSt. George's CollectionJun 01, 2023
|
|
S.872 Forthred (Brother)Irregular styca in the name of two moneyers- Forthred and Brother
Most likely struck during the time of King Eanred
Moneyer: Forthred and Brother
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
O: +FORDRED (retrograde)
R: +RODER (retrograde)
Motif: 1/1
A styca combining reverses for two moneyers, Forthred and Brother.
Ex- Davisson eAuction 46 (lot 175), Zabel CollectionSt. George's CollectionMay 30, 2023
|
|
S.872 Aethelred II (Tidwulf)Irregular styca of Aethelred II, king of Northumbria (first reign) 841-844
Moneyer: Tidwulf?
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 872
O: +EDILRED RE (retrograde)
R: +TIDVVLE
This irregular styca imitates Tidwulf, who was a moneyer during the time of Aethelred I. The real coins of Tidwulf were silver. The imitative ones are brass
Ex- Davisson eAuction 46 (lot 177), Zabel CollectionSt. George's CollectionMay 30, 2023
|
|
S. 969 Imitation of AlfredViking halfpenny imitating Alfred, king of Wessex 871-899
Londonia type
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: unknown (probably East Anglia)
S. 969
A barbarous halfpenny imitating Alfred's London type. Cf. Mackay Danelaw imitation Ib, 133 (same dies), BNJ 89.
Ex- Davisson eAuction 46 (lot 183), Zabel Collection, C.Rudd FPL 42 (54)St. George's CollectionMay 30, 2023
|
|
010 Anund JacobPenny of Anund Jacob, king of Sweden 1022-1050
Mint: Sigtuna
Moneyer: Thormoth
Lagerqvist 9
Malmer 14.310/1252, chain 204
O: ANVN D REX SI
R: DORMOD ON SIHTV
King Anund Jacob of Sweden was born as just Jacob to king Olof "Skötkonung" of Sweden and Queen Estrid , his parents had converted to Christianity prior to his birth and gave their son a Christian biblical name. Sweden was only just adopting Christianity at this time, and the name Jacob was not very recognizable or acceptable to the Swedes, so he was also named Anund, and is remembered to history by this name. He became a co-ruler with his father late in Olof's reign, and became king in 1022. Despite a long reign (1022-1050), Anund's history is poorly remembered.
He did produce coins, but the volume of coinage seemed to take a sharp decline after Olof's death, and would cease altogether at some point during Anund's reign. Coins of Olof are by no means common, but those in the name of Anund are very rare. Anund's coins take three main flavors-
1- Those in his name imitating Aethelred's long cross type
2- Those in his name imitating Cnut's pointed helmet type
3- Blundered coins that die link or stylistically link to the above two
There is the likelihood that much if not all of his coinage was produced in the first few years of his reign, and may have ceased by 1030. The coins were probably all produced at Sigtuna.
Anund is remembered to history as "Kolbränna" or "coal-burner". Sadly, this was not because he cooked a mean steak on the barbecue. Rather, it presumably is due to his tactic of burning down the houses of his enemies. Keep in mind that this was probably not just an act of property vandalism. If you've read "Njáls saga", an Icelandic saga, you might recall the climax of the story, when the protagonist's house is burned by his enemies with the family still inside. This was a raiding tactic familiar to the Nordic people. A force would besiege a house, or hall, or fort, where people lived and farmed, and set the building on fire. Women and young children were usually permitted to leave, but the men would not be allowed exit and die by fire. This is brutal medieval Viking era stuff. This is our Anund 🙂
Ex- Antykwariat Numizmatyczny Michal Niemczyk Auction 38 (lot 2878)St. George's CollectionApr 08, 2023
|
|
S.1006 St. PeterViking penny in the name of St. Peter of York ca. 910-920
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: probably York
S.1006
O: SCIPE TRINo
R: +EBORACEC
Ex- Hosker Haynes Auction 1 (lot 27), M VosperSt. George's CollectionApr 07, 2023
|
|
S.5225 James IIGroat of James II, king of Scotland 1437-1460
Mint: Edinburgh
Mintmark: cross
First coinage
Third fleur-de-lis issue
S. 5225
James II became king at a young age after his father's assassination. His first silver groat coinage copies his father's and is assigned to 1437-1451.
The first 5 James' met untimely ends. James II was blown up by a cannon during a siege
Ex- St. James Auction 73 (lot 23), P Higginson, NCirc Apr 2007 (SCO542)St. George's CollectionApr 04, 2023
|
|
S.889 Wulfred (Swefheard)Penny of Wulfred, Archbishop of Canterbury 805-832
Moneyer: Swefheard
Mint: Canterbury
S. 889
Naismith C47.2f (this coin)
O: +VVLFREDA RCHIEPI
R: +SVVEFHERD MONETA
This coin, featuring Wulfred's portrait, is likely from the WL Gantz collection, but has had some additional edge loss since its appearance in 1941.
Ex- A Taylor, Heritage 61305 (lot 23071), Historical Scholar Collection, Spink 5014 (lot 1300), NCirc 7/1992 (4163), NCirc 6/1991 (3555), NCirc 11/1987 (6376), Spink 6 (lot 260), CJ Firth, Glendining 23 Jun 1941 (lot 1007), WL GantzSt. George's CollectionMar 30, 2023
|
|
S.783 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat, in the name of "Vernus" (degenerated)
Type 91
S.783
O: Degenerate head, degenerate "VERNVS"
R: Standard with linear symbols
Ex- Essex CoinsSt. George's CollectionMar 30, 2023
|
|
009 Cnut the GreatPenny of Cnut, king of Denmark 1018-1035, Norway 1028-1035, and England 1016-1035
Danish issue as king of Denmark
Moneyer: Godwine
Mint: Lund
Malmer 9.636/1716, chain 138
O: +CNVT REX DENORT
R: +GODPINE M-O LVND
Ex- Bruun-RasmussenSt. George's CollectionMar 18, 2023
|
|
S.805 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, secondary phase
Series M
S.805
O: Sinuous creature
R: Coiled vines
Ex- Davissons Auction 42 (lot 264), Zabel collectionSt. George's CollectionMar 18, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Cappadocia)Dupondius or As of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Cappadocia
RIC II.3 1643
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: CAPP A DOCIA SC
Ex- CGB NumismaticsSt. George's CollectionMar 14, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Alexandria)Denarius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Alexandria
RIC II.3 1504
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: ALEXANDRIA
Ex- eBaySt. George's CollectionMar 14, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Greece)As of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Greece (Achaea)
Restitutor type
RIC 939
RIC II.3 1806
O: HADRIANVS AVG COS III PP
R: RESTITVTORI ACHAIAE
Ex- CGB NumismaticsSt. George's CollectionMar 14, 2023
|
|
Hadrian (Dacia)Sestertius of Hadrian, emperor of Rome 117-138
"Travel series"
Dacia
RIC II.3 1650
O: [HADRI]ANVS AVG COS III PP
R: DACIA SC
Ex- CGB NumismaticsSt. George's CollectionMar 14, 2023
|
|
009 Cnut the GreatImitation penny of Cnut
Presumably Scandinavian (probably Denmark)
SCBI 15:4291
Malmer 14.266/1337
O: +CNEMNI RECX A:IIL
R: +IOVTIFNEFNDCER
This penny of Cnut, with blundered legends, is presumably a Danish imitation, as it shares a reverse die with SCBI 15:4291, a coin in the Danish national collection. An obverse/reverse die match was sold by Bruun Rasmussen 7/17/2013 (lot 5004).
Ex- S.Mote, A.HowittSt. George's CollectionMar 12, 2023
|
|
S.801B Anglo-Saxon sceatAnglo-Saxon secondary phase sceat
Series H
Type 48
S. 801B
O: Whorl of wolf heads
R: Annulet cross
Ex- TimeLine Auctions, Canterbury Auctions, JN CrossSt. George's CollectionMar 07, 2023
|
|
S.834 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Annulet cross type
S.834
SL 14-20
O: Bust right with runic letters
R: Annulet cross
Ex- TimeLine Auction, Canterbury Auctions (lot 587[part]), JN CrossSt. George's CollectionMar 07, 2023
|
|
S.856 Æthelred I (Hnifula)Sceat of Æthelred I, king of Northumbria (second reign) 789-796
Moneyer: Hnifula
Mint: York (presumably)
S. 856
Phase Ia
O: +EDILRED
R: +HNIFVLA
Ex- TimeLine Auctions 012023 (lot 2224), Canterbury Auction 3-Oct-2021 (lot 269 [part]), JN CrossSt. George's CollectionMar 07, 2023
|
|
S.XXXX Charles III50p of Charles III, king of Great Britain 2022-
O: CHARLES III.D.G.REX.F.D.50 PENCE
R: 2022
It’s literally the furthest thing from ancient, but it is included here to round out the collection of English monarchs.St. George's CollectionFeb 16, 2023
|
|
S.1926 Henry VIPenny of Henry VI, king of England, first reign 1422-1461
Leaf-pellet type
Under Bishop Robert Neville
Mint: Durham
S.1926
This coin is from Durham. While the legends are difficult to see due to the small sized flan, the connected annulets on the reverse are the symbol of Robert Neville, a member of the powerful Neville family, and who was Bishop of Salisbury and of Durham.
Ex- Hammered British CoinsSt. George's CollectionFeb 04, 2023
|
|
Beauvais (987-996) Hugh CapetDenier of Hugh Capet, king of France 987-996, with Herveus, bishop of Beauvais 987-997
O: HVGO REX HERVEIS
R: BELVACVS CIVITAS
Ex- CNG eAuction 531 (lot 1305), West Collection, GA SingerSt. George's CollectionFeb 04, 2023
|
|
S.3497 William IIIShilling of William III (1694-1702)
Mint: London
1697
O: GVLIELMVS.III.DEI.GRA.
R: 1697.MAG BR.FRA ET.HIB REX.
Ex- MastercoinSt. George's CollectionJan 20, 2023
|
|
S.3437 William III and Mary IIShilling of William III and Mary II (1689-1694)
Mint: London
1693
O: GVLIELMVS.ET.MARIA.DEI.GRATIA
R: 1693 MAG.BR.FR.ET.HI.REX.ET.REGINA
Ex- Golding Young & Mawer Auction 3-Nov-21 (lot 512)St. George's CollectionJan 20, 2023
|
|
S.6511 Charles IIMerk of Charles II of Scotland 1649-1685
1671
S.6511
O: CAROLVS. II.DEI:GRA.
R: MAG BRI.FRA ET.HIB REX.16 71.
Ex- CNG 5611916, CNG 417970, DNW 47 (lot 47), H Manville, NCirc CXI (SCO190)St. George's CollectionJan 16, 2023
|
|
S.5076 Robert IPenny of Robert I, king of Scotland (1306-1329)
Mint: ?Berwick
Class I
S.5076
O: +ROBERTVS:DEI:GRA
R: SCO TOR VNR EX+
Ex- CNG 5627979St. George's CollectionJan 16, 2023
|
|
S.935 BerhtwulfPenny of Berhtwulf, king of Mercia, 839/840-852
Moneyer: Deneheah
S. 935
Naismith L35.6a (this coin)
O: BERHTVVLF REX
R: +DENEHEAH
Berhtwulf, possibly a relative of a prior king of Mercia, Beornwulf, became king after the previous king's grandson, Wigstan, declined the throne and took monastic orders instead. Little is known of Berhtwulf, or of his reign, though it is known that he faced significant turmoil from Viking attacks during the 840s and early 850s.
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, Heritage 3101 (32157), NCirc Aug 2001 (HD0799), NCirc Mar 1992 (859), NCirc Oct 1990 (5924), Glendining 4 Jul 1939 (lot 336), GC Drabble, Spink, Sotheby 29 Oct 1917 (lot 146), A Mann, Sotheby 17-21 Nov 1913 (lot 284), PWP Carlyon-Britton, Christies 18 Jun 1909 (lot 44), HBH BeaufoySt. George's CollectionJan 16, 2023
|
|
S.945 BeonnaSceat of Beonna, king of East Anglia, ca. 749-760
Moneyer: Efe
Mint: Unknown (?Thetford)
S. 945
N. 430
O: +BEOXXF REX
R: + E F E
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, DNW 24 Apr 2018 (lot 208), Spink 36 (lot 813), found Royston 1983St. George's CollectionJan 16, 2023
|
|
S.878 Anonymous kings of KentPenny of Kent ca. 822-823
Moneyer: Swefheard
Mint: Canterbury
S. 878
Naismith C55.1e (this coin)
O: +SVVE[F]HERD MONETA
R: +/DORO/BERNIA/CIVITA/S
This rare anonymous coinage, thought to date to the period from 822-823, depicts a standard regal portrait, but names no king, only the city of Canterbury. The moneyer's name features on the obverse. This is thought to have been produced somewhere between the reigns of Ceolwulf of Mercia and Baldred. Unfortunately not much is known of this period in recorded history, but Kent seems to have kicked out the Mercian overlordship.
Ex- Heritage 232251 (lot 64493), Baldwin's 93 (lot 11), Glendining 13 Mar 1974 (lot 62), WF Rose, Glendining 22-23 Mar 1944 (lot 897 [part]), Lord Grantley, LA LawrenceSt. George's CollectionJan 05, 2023
|
|
S.874 Ecgberht IIPenny of Ecgberht II, king of Kent ca. 765-780
Moneyer: Udd
Mint: Canterbury
S. 874
Chick 87b (this coin)
O: +EGCBERHT Rx
R: VDD
Ecgberht II of Kent, probably a descendant of Ecgberht, king of Kent in the 7th century, is a little known figure, but one of the earliest individuals to place his name on the coinage. He is in the historical record because he stood witness to a few treaties, but otherwise nothing is known of him. He may have been co-ruler with another individual, Heaberht, who also struck some early pennies. Ecgberht's coinage is among the earliest of the English broad pennies/deniers, that followed the sceatta coinage.
Ex- M.Rasmussen, Canterbury Auction, J.N.Cross, Spink 9 Oct 2002 (965), found Chartham, Kent 1988St. George's CollectionDec 27, 2022
|
|
|
|