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Cr 118/3 AE Triens Anonymous [helmet] Bronze triens, Crawford 118/3, Sydenham 272b, BMCRE II Italy p. 226, SRCV I 939
Italian mint, weight 9.132g, maximum diameter 23.7mm, 206 - 194 B.C.;
O: helmeted head of Minerva right, four pellets above
R: prow of galley right, ROMA above, helmet with cheek-pieces and crest above in form of a crescent on right before prow, four pellets below
from the Andrew McCabe Collection; rare
Purchased from Forum Ancient CoinsPMah
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Cr 283/1a AR Denarius Q. Marcius, C. Fabius and L. Roscius 118-117 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right, XVI monogram behind
r: Victory in galloping quadriga right, crowning horses with wreath, ROMA below, R MAR C F L R in ex.
Marcia 16; Cr.283/1a
(3.83 gm)PMah
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Cr 177/2 AE Semis [TP or PT]Bronze semis, Crawford 177/2, Sydenham 353a (R4), SRCV I 843, Rome mint 169 - 158 B.C.E.
weight 16.187g, maximum diameter 25.3mm
O: Laureate head of Saturn right, L below, S behind
R: Galley prow right, TP or PT monogram above, S right, ROMA below
from the Andrew McCabe Collection; scarcePMah
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Cr 390/1 AR Denarius L. Lucretius Trio Rome, 74 BCE
o: Radiate head of Sol right
r: Crescent moon surrounded by seven stars; TRIO above, L•LVCRETI below
Crawford 390/1; Lucretia 2.
(3.85g, 16mm, 12h)PMah
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Cr 494/23 AR Denarius P. Clodius M.f. Turrinus Rome, 42 BCE
o: Laureate head of Apollo right; lyre behind
r: Diana standing facing, head right, with bow and quiver over shoulder, holding lighted torch in each hand; P•CLODIVS downwards to right, M•F• downwards to left.
Crawford 494/23; Claudia 15.
(3.81g, 17mm, 3h)
Note: Lyre is NOT a die symbolPMah
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Cr 412/1 AR Denarius Serratus L. Roscius Fabatus Rome, 64 BCE
o: Head of Juno Sospita right, wearing goat-skin headdress; pileus of the Dioscuri surmounted by star behind, L•ROSCI below
r: Female standing right facing serpent; [control mark in left field], FABATI in ex
Crawford 412/1; Roscia 3
(3.82g, 19mm, 4h) bankers marks
I should add that I am rather fond or appreciative of bankers' marks. They show the extremely practical nature of any ancient transaction. Imagine if even a small portion of our transactions had to undergo human scrutiny at the level of negating the value of the transaction for every participant, plus the prior and succeeding transactions!PMah
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Cr 386/1 AR Denarius L. Cassius Q. f. Longinus Rome, 78 BCE
o: Head of Liber (or Bacchus) right, wearing ivy wreath; thyrsus over shoulder
r: Head of Liber left, wearing vine wreath; L•CASSI•Q•F behind
Crawford 386/1; RSC Cassia 6.
(3.88g, 14mm, 9h)
An unusual type, with heads on both sides there is some dispute as to the identity of the images. If both are manifestations of Bacchus, then this moneyer apparently really liked to have a good time and wanted his future constituents to know it.PMah
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Cr 364/1b AR Denarius Serratus Q. Antonius Balbus Rome, 82 BCE (3.71g, 20mm, 11h)
o: Laureate head of Jupiter right; S•C behind, O below
r: Victory driving quadriga right, holding reins, wreath, and palm frond; Q•ANTO•BALB PR in two lines in ex
Crawford 364/1b. Antonia 1a
Banker's mark near chin obverse
Striking as Praetor, he was a Marian who was slain after the Sullan victory.PMah
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Cr 328/1 AR Denarius P. Servilius Rullus Rome, 100 BCE
o: Cuirassed bust of Minerva left, wearing crested Corinthian helmet; RVLLI upwards behind
r: Victory driving fast biga right, holding palm and reins; P below horses, [P]•SERVILI•M•F in ex
Crawford 328/1; RSC Servilia 14.
(3.92g, 17mm, 4h.)
Although this is a "head/Victory-in-biga" type, I think the style of the reverse of this coin is very dynamic.
PMah
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Cr 249/1 AR Denarius P. Maenius Antiaticus M. f. Rome, 132 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right, XVI monogram behind
r: Victory driving quadriga right, P•MAE ANT (ligate) below; ROMA in ex.
Crawford 249/1; Maenia 7.
(3.82g, 19mm, 9h.)PMah
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Cr 329/1b AR Denarius P. Cornelius Lentulus M.f. Rome, 100 BCE
o: Bust of Hercules right, seen from behind, holding club, shield in left field, K below pellet in right field, ROMA below
r: Roma standing facing, holding spear and wearing triple-crested helmet, Genius of the Roman People right crowning her and holding cornucopiae, K below pellet in left field, LENT•MAR•F in ex, all within laurel-wreath
Crawford 329/1b; Cornelia 25a
(3.94g, 20mm, 12h)
A somewhat busy design.
PMah
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Cr 232/4 AE Quadrans Cn. Gellius Rome, 138 BCE
o: Head of Hercules right; three pellets behind
r: Prow right, CN. GELI above, S before, [ROMA] below
Crawford 232/4
(4.68g, 20mm, 8h)PMah
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Cr 318/1b AR Denarius C. Coelius Caldus Rome, 104 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma left
r: Victory driving galloping biga left, holding reins; CALD below, C between two pellets in ex.
Crawford 318/1b; Coelia 3.
(3.82g, 19mm, 4h.)
Relatively unusual obverse that does not identify "Roma" or bear mark of valuePMah
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Cr 260/1 AR Denarius T. Cloelius Rome, 128 BCE
o: Helmeted bust of Roma right, wreath behind, ROMA below
r: Victory in biga right, ear of corn below horses, T•CLOVLI in exergue
Crawford 260/1; Cloulia 1.
(3.89g, 20mm, 11h)
PMAH#446PMah
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Cr 44/6 AR Quinarius Anonymous After 211 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right (small, normal nose), V behind head
r: The Dioscuri riding right, stars above, ROMA in linear frame below
Crawford 44/6PMah
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Cr 25/7 Æ cast Quadrans "Sickle series"Rome, c. 241-235 b.c.e.
o: Right hand with open palm; in l. field, three pellets (value), in r. field, sickle
r: Three pellets (value) between two barley-grains
68.5 gm
This series repeats the Cr 14 types, with the addition of a sickle. However, this issue, was produced some 30-40 years later on a lighter weight standard: the "14" were based on an As of approx 332 gms, but this issue was about 272 gm As. Extremely close readers of this gallery will note that my "14" specimens are actually lighter-weight average than my "25/sickles".
Although I am not a pedigree fanatic, my posted 25/sickle coins are in the pedigreed camp:
NAC Auction 61 (RBW Collection), lot 23; NAC Auction 7, 1994 (purchased by RBW), lot 342; RBW 44 (this coin)PMah
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Cr 366/4 AR Denarius C. Annius North-Italy and Spain 82-81 BCE
(18mm., 3.63g.)
o: C·ANNIVS·T·F·T·N· PRO·COS·EX·S·C Diademed and draped female bust
r: Victory in quadriga r., holding reins and palm branch; above horses, XXXXVI and below, Q. In exergue, C·TARQVITI·P·F.
Annia 1; Crawford 366/4
An unusual issue as proconsul; also, bankers seemed to be somewhat dubious of this coin given all the marks.
Banker's marks on obv. and rev., PMah
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Cr 340/1 AR Denarius L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi 90 BCE
o: Laureate head of Apollo r.; behind, *·
r: Horseman galloping r., holding whip in upraised r. hand; below, L·PISO·FRVGI/XV
18mm, 3.92g.
Calpurnia 11; Crawford 340/1PMah
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Cr 337/3 AR Denarius D. Iunius Silanus L.f. D. Iunius Silanus L.f.91 BCE (17.5mm., 3.78g)
o: Helmeted head of Roma r.; behind N
r: Victory in biga r., holding palm-branch and reins in l. hand and whip in r.; above IVI. D·SILANVS·L·F / ROMA in ex.
Junia 15. Sydenham 646. Crawford 337/3
This coin has much nicer toning than shown in this photo.PMah
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Cr 281/1 AR Denarius M. Furius L.f. Philus 121 BCE (30mm., 3.59g.)
o: M·FOVRI·L·F Laureate head of Janus
r: Roma standing l., wearing Corinthian helmet and holding sceptre, crowning trophy flanked by a carnyx and shield on each side; above her head, star. To r., ROMA and in exergue, PHLI.
Furia 18. Sydenham 529. RBW 1105. Crawford 281/1
Not a great coin overall, but obverse detail quite strong.
PMah
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Cr 215/2a Æ As Q. Marcius Libo c. 148 BCE (30.5mm., 20.05g)
o: Laureate head of Janus; above, mark of value
r: Q·MARC Prow r.; before, LIBO and below, ROMA
Marcia 2. Sydenham 396. Crawford 215/2a.
Not a beauty, but I posted this for sharp detail on left reverse showing oar box and superstructure quite clearlyPMah
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Cr 56/2 Æ As Anonymous (Spanish)Spanish imitative cast circa 100 BCE (29.5mm., 20.84g)
o: Laureate head of Janus; above, mark of value
r: Prow r.; above, mark of value and value mark before below, ROMA
Crawford 56/2.
In retrospect, why would anyone imitate the ubiquitous "Cr 56/2"? This is a cast contemporary copy, likely from SpainPMah
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Cr 38/7 AE Semuncia Anonymous c. 217-215 BCE (19.5mm., 6.09g)
o: Head of Mercury r., wearing winged petasus
r: ROMA Prow r.
Sydenham 87. RBW 101. Crawford 38/7.PMah
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Cr 272/2 Æ Quadrans Anonymous Anonymous. 135-125 BCE Æ quadrans (17 mm, 4.21 g, 6 h). Rome.
o: Head of Hercules right, wearing lion's skin headdress; behind, three pellets
r: [R]OMA in exergue, prow of galley right; in right field, three pellets
Crawford 272/2PMah
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Cr 401/1 AR Denarius Mn. Aquillius Mn.f. Mn.no: VIRTVS - III VIR Helmeted and draped bust of Virtus to right, with large head
r: MN F MN N / MN AQVIL / SICIL. Mn. Aquilius (Cos. 101) raising fallen Sicily
65 BCE Denarius Serratus (19 mm, 3.82 g, 6 h), Rome.
Babelon (Aquilia) 2. Crawford 401/1. Sydenham 798. Toned and struck on a broad flan.
This coin is somewhat unintentionally ironic. The moneyer's honored grandfather was accused of fleecing the people of Sicily, when he was governor of the province after the slave revolts. He later managed to antagonize Mithridates VI of Pontus, leading to widespread slaughter of Romans in Asia.
As Wikipedia summarizes the aftermath: "Mithridates defeated Aquillius in 88 near Protostachium. Aquillius was attempting to make his way back to Italy and managed to make it to Lesbos, where he was delivered to Mithridates by the inhabitants of Mytilene. After being taken to the mainland, he was then placed on a donkey and paraded back to Pergamon. On the trip, he was forced to confess his supposed crimes against the peoples of Anatolia. Aquillius's father, the elder Manius Aquillius, was a former Roman governor of Pergamon and was hated for the egregious taxes that he imposed. It was generally thought that Manius Aquillius the younger would follow in the footsteps of his father as a tax profiteer and was hated by some of the local peoples."
Grandpa was thereafter killed by Mithridates by having molten gold poured down his throat. PMah
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Cr 335/1b AR Denarius Caecilius / Postumius /Poblicius L. Caecilius Metellus, A. Postumius S.f. Albinus, C. Poblicius Malleolus, late 90s BCE (19 mm, 3.90 g, 10 h).
o: A-ALB.S.F / L. METEL Laureate head of Apollo to right; below neck, star
r: C.MALL / ROMA Roma seated left, crowned by Victory
Babelon (Caecilia) 46, (Poblicia) 3, (Postumia) 3. Crawford 335/1b. Sydenham 611a. PMah
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Cr 334/1 AR Denarius L. Pomponius Molo L. Pomponius Molo, 97 BCE Denarius (20 mm, 3.81 g, 6 h), Rome.
L.POMPON.MOLO Laureate head of Apollo to right.
NVMA POMPIL Numa standing before altar, sacrificing. Babelon (Pomponia) 6. Crawford 334/1. Sydenham 607.PMah
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Cr 366/4 AR Denarius C. Annius Cr 366/4C. Annius. Denarius North-Italy and Spain 82-81, AR 18mm., 3.63g.
C·ANNIVS·T·F·T·N· PRO·COS·EX·S·C Diademed and draped female bust r.
Rev. Victory in quadriga r., holding reins and palm branch; above horses, XXXXVI and below, Q. In exergue, C·TARQVITI·P·F. Babelon Annia 1. Sydenham 749. Crawford 366/4.
Banker's marks on obv. and rev., PMah
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Cr 350/3e AE As Vergilius / Gargilius / Ogulnius c. 86 BC, AE As of moneyers Vergilius, Gargilius & Ogulnius 26 mm, 11.86 grams.
O: Laureate bust of Janus.
R: GAR.OGVL.VER above prow l.
Crawford 350/3e
Ex. RBW CollectionPMah
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Cr 241/4 AE Quadrans Trebianus 135 BCE Quadrans of L. TREBANIUS (16 mm, 3.50 grams)
O: Hercules head, 3 pellets behind.
R: ROMA 4 pellets L REBNI, prow r. with mast with pennant, wreath
Reference: Crawford 241/4
ex RBW CollectionPMah
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Cr 265/3 AE Quadrans [Q. Max.] c. 127 BCE AE quadrans (16.6 mm, 3.23 grams)
O: 3 pellets behind Hercules head r.
R: Q.MAX ROMA 3 pellets, above and below prow r.
Crawford 265/3.
Ex. RBW CollectionPMah
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Cr 117b/1 AE As Anonymous [bird/rudder]c. 206-195 BC, AE As (34.5 mm, 38.78 grams)
O: Laureate head of bearded Janus; I (mark of value) above.
R: ROMA I, prow r., Bird and rudder
Crawford 117b/1
Ex. RBW CollectionPMah
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Cr 56/6 AE Sextans Anonymous c. 211 BC, bronze sextans 16.5 mm, 3.28 grams
O: Mercury head right, 2 pellets.
R: ROMA, 2 pellets, prow r.
Crawford 56/6.
Ex. RBW CollectionPMah
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Cr 250/1 AR Denarius M. Aburius M.F. Geminus 132 B.C.E. Rome mint
(19.32 mm, 3.93 g, 7 h)
o: GEM, helmeted head of Roma right; XVI monogram below chin
r: M·ABVRI / ROMA, Sol, holding reins and whip, driving galloping quadriga right
Crawford 250/1; Aburia 6PMah
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Cr 56/7 Æ Uncia Anonymous After 211 BCE. (18mm, 5.38 g, 10h). Rome mint.
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; • (mark of value) behind
r: Prow of galley right; • (mark of value) below.
Crawford 56/7; Sydenham 143e
PMah
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Cr 479/1 Æ As Sextus Pompey 42-38 BC. Æ As (30mm, 26.45 g, 12h). Uncertain Sicilian mint.
o: Laureate head of Janus with the features of Pompey the Great, MAGN above
r: Prow of quinquereme right, [PI]VS above, IMP below
Crawford 479/1; CRI 336; Sydenham 1044; RPC I 671.PMah
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Cr 321/1 AR Denarius L. Cassius Caecianus 102 BCE Rome mint
o: Draped bust of Ceres left, wearing wreath of grain ears; A[•] to upper right
r: Two yoked oxen pulling plow left; X• above
(17mm, 3.96 g, 6h)
Crawford 321/1; Sydenham 594; Cassia 4; RBW 1176 var. (controls)PMah
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Cr 306/1 AR Denarius L. Valerius Flaccus 108-107 BCE (19mm, 3.78 g, 5h). Rome mint.
o: Winged and draped bust of Victory right; mark of value below chin
r: Mars advancing left, holding spear and trophy; apex to left, stalk of grain to right, L VALERI FLACC
Crawford 306/1; Sydenham 565; Valeria 11; RBW 1147.PMah
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Cr 261/1 AR Denarius Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus 128 BCE. (20mm, 3.90 g, 6h). Rome mint.
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; grain stalk to left, mark of value below chin
r: Victory, holding reins and whip, driving biga right, ROMA above; below, man attacking lion with spear, CN. DOM in ex
Crawford 261/1; Sydenham 514; Domitia 14; RBW 1056.
The Domitii Ahenobarbi peaked early in the late Republic, with many a contentious character active at key moments.
The last to hold the name for long was Nero's father, conveniently dying in time for Nero's mother Agrippina to marry Claudius, who adopted young Domitius.
PMah
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Cr 217/1 AR Denarius C. Terentius Lucanus 147 BCE (20mm, 3.75 g, 6h). Rome mint.
o:Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, Victory standing right, holding wreath, above X (mark of value)
r: Dioscuri, each holding spear, riding right C.TER.LV below, ROMA in ex.
Crawford 217/1; Sydenham 425; Terentia 10; RBW 932.
There are numerous types of coins minted by gens Terentia, but this denarius is likely the only one minted by a moneyer of the lesser branch of the Lucani.
PMah
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Cr 324/1 AR Denarius M. Lucilius Rufus o: Helmeted head of Roma right; PV to left; all within laurel wreath
r: Victory driving galloping biga right, holding whip and reins
M. Lucilius Rufus. 101 BC. AR Denarius (18.5mm, 3.93 g, 9h). Rome mint. Helmeted head of Roma right; PV to left; all within laurel wreath / Victory driving galloping biga right, holding whip and reins. Crawford 324/1; Sydenham 599; Lucilia 1. PMah
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Cr 296/1d AR Denarius Cn. Blasio Cn.f. o: Helmeted male head (Mars or Scipio Africanus?) right; [mark of value] above, prow stem behind
r: Jupiter standing facing, holding scepter and thunderbolt, crowned by Juno on left and Minerva on right
Cn. Blasio Cn.f. 112-111 BC. AR Denarius (17mm, 3.86 g, 6h). Rome mint. Helmeted male head (Mars or Scipio Africanus?) right; [mark of value] above, prow stem behind / Jupiter standing facing, holding scepter and thunderbolt, between Juno on left and Minerva on right, crowning Jupiter with wreath; Π between Jupiter and Minerva. Crawford 296/1d; Sydenham 561b; Cornelia 19.
PMah
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Cr 50/3 Æ As Anonymous [anchor] c. 209-208 BCE
o: Laureate head of Janus, I above
r: Prow to r.; Anchor before; I above; ROMA in ex.
(34 mm, 33.91 grams)
Crawford 50/3
weighty coin
ex RBW PMah
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Cr 187/2 AE As Furia Roman Republic, Furius Purpurio, 169 - 158 B.C., Bronze as, Crawford 187/2, Sydenham 359, BMCRR II Italy 424, Russo RBW 798, SRCV I 705
Bronze as, Crawford 187/2, Sydenham 359, BMCRR II Italy 424, Russo RBW 798, SRCV I 705, gF, green and red patina, 19th century India ink collection mark, R.L. Furia" on reverse, weight 23.130g, maximum diameter 37.9mm, die axis 225o, Rome mint, 169 - 158 B.C.; obverse laureate and bearded head of Janus, I (mark of value) above; reverse prow right, PVR (ligate) above, I before, ROMA in exergue; big 37.9 mm bronze, from the Andrew McCabe Collection; scarce
Purchased from Forum Ancient CoinsPMah
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Cr 144/4 AE Quadrans o: head of Hercules right, clad in Nemean Lion's scalp, three pellets (mark of value) behind
r: prow of galley right, Victory flying right crowning LFP monogram with wreath above, three pellets (mark of value) before, ROMA below
Roman Republic, LFP monogram (L. Furius Philus?), 189 - 179 B.CBronze quadrans, Crawford 144/4, Sydenham 300c, SRCV I 1088, F, nice olive green patina, pitting on obverse, Rome mint, weight 7.513g, maximum diameter 22.3mm, die axis 180o, 189 - 179 B.C.; obverse head of Hercules right, clad in Nemean Lion's scalp, three pellets (mark of value) behind; reverse prow of galley right, Victory flying right crowning LFP monogram with wreath above, three pellets (mark of value) before, ROMA below; from the Andrew McCabe Collection; very rare;
Purchased from Forum Ancient CoinsPMah
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Cr 313/2 AE As Memmius o: laureate bearded head of Janus, I (mark of value) above
r: Prow right, head of Venus decorating acrostolium; Cupid stdg l before prow and placing wreath on head of Venus, L MEMMI (ME ligate) above, ROMA below
Bronze as, Crawford 313/2, Sydenham 575 (very rare), BMCRR I Rome 1357, Russo RBW 1160, SRCV I 733, gF, well centered, light corrosion, edge cracks, weight 24.804g, maximum diameter 31.0mm, die axis 90o, Rome mint, 106 B.C.; obverse laureate bearded head of Janus, I (mark of value) above; reverse Prow right, head of Venus decorating acrostolium (prow-stem), Cupid standing left before prow and placing wreath on head of Venus, L MEMMI (ME ligate) above, ROMA below; from the Andrew McCabe Collection; very rare
Purchased from Forum Ancient Coins
PMah
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Cr 56/3 AE Semis Anonymous c. 211 BCE 25.7 mm, 12.54 grams.
o: Saturn head laureate r
r: Prow r, ROMA below, S above
Crawford 56/3.
Ex. RBW collection
Coin nicer than this photo, but I am trying to round out the Cr. 56 types.
PMah
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Cr 56/5 AE Quadrans Anonymous c. 211 BCE (20.4 mm, 6.04 grams)
o: Helmeted head of Hercules right, 3 dots behind
r: ROMA - Prow to right, 3 dots behind
Crawford 56/5.
Overstruck, possibly Hieron II of Sicily with Zeus/Trident
Ex. RBWPMah
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Cr 244/3 AE Quadrans C. Aburius Geminus 134 BCE 18.7 mm, 4.24 grams.
o: Hercules head r, 3 pellets behind
r: ROMA, M.ABVRI M.F. GEM above and below prow r., 3 dots
Crawford 244/3
Ex. RBW
PMah
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Cr 216/2a AE As L. Sempronius Pitio L. Sempronius Pitio. 148 B.C. AE as (30.7 mm, 20.60 g, 1 h). Rome mint. laureate head of bearded Janus; I above / L SEMP / ROMA, prow of galley right; I to right. Crawford 216/2a; Sydenham 403. Fine, sandy patina.
Ex RBW collectionPMah
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Cr 179/1 AE As Anonymous [BAL] Anonymous [BAL]. Ca. 169-158 B.C. AE as (31.9 mm, 24.03 g, 8 h). Central Italian mint. Laureate head of Janus, I above / BAL monogram / ROMA, prow of galley right, I to right. Crawford 179/1; Sydenham 354.
Ex RBW collectionPMah
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Cr 27/2 Anonymous [Mars/Horse/Club] Æ Litra230-226 b.c.e. Rome
o: Head of Mars right, helmeted; behind, club
r: Horse galloping right; below, ROMA; above, club
2.70 gm, 16.00 mm
Associated with the "Mars/Horse/Club" didrachm, minted at Rome (and thus similar in appearance from the Cr. 13 series minted 50-ish years earlier in the south), the fractional pieces are also complex, as these token value coins are nonetheless associated with cast bronze of libral weight standard.
Unlike my 26/3 litra in this gallery, from the earlier similar series, this one is a bit closer to the weight standard, accounting for wear and some corrosion. The color is nice, though, and the centering is excellent. Sometimes asserted (in sales) to be "scarce" or even "rare", they are seen much more frequently than that suggests.
PMah
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Cr 39/4 Æ Uncia Anonymousc. 217-215 B.C.E. Rome
Radiate and draped facing bust of Sol; • (value) to left
Crescent; two stars and • (value) above; ROMA below
24mm 12.47 gm
ex. McCabe; ex RBW
This large "unit" of the semilibral standard comes from the series sometimes also described as "collateral", "anomalous", and, painfully, "anomalous anonymous". Crawford identified only struck bronzes from Triens to Semuncia for this issue. There are no clearly-associated cast bronze larger denominations, with the nearest-dated such cast types having more directly-related struck smaller denominations.
Yet, this series demonstrates the last great gasp of creativity in Republican bronze, no Prows in sight and without standardized presentations of the soon-to-be-rigid obverse gods.
Although not rare, these interesting types do not show up in every sale. This specimen has a bit of roughness but also a wonderful strike.PMah
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Cr 387/1 AR Denarius L. Rutilius FlaccusRome mint, circa 77 b.c.e.
FLAC Helmeted head of Roma r.
Victory in fast-moving biga r., holding reins and wreath; in ex, L·RVTILI
Rutilia 1
A decent strike suffering from a crowded reverse. Speaking of the reverse, this moneyer, who was a bit of a non-entity, used a generic reverse during a period when his predecessors and successors came up with unique design concepts (or, at least, had good decorators). Compare Crawford 370 through 400 types to this one, and most win, hands-down. Perhaps I am influenced by negative association in American English of the word "Flack" to connote a shameless publicity agent, and any other association is even less of an endorsement.PMah
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Cr 340/1 AR Denarius L. Piso Frugi90 b.c.e. Rome Mint
Laureate head of Apollo r.; behind, control numeral V XXXXI
Horseman galloping r., holding palm branch; below, L PISO FRVGI / ROMA in monogram; above, control numeral CXVII
18mm 3.96 gm
Calpurnia 12
It is difficult to get overly-excited about this type, or its quinarius, with the nearly unlimited combinations of control numerals. (I may be mis-reading the obverse control number as having a prefix "V", but perhaps not. I need to research the combinations a bit.)
PMah
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Cr 302/1 AR Denarius L. Flaminius Cilo109 or 108 b.c.e., Rome mint
Helmeted head of Roma r.; behind, ROMA and below chin, X
Victory in prancing biga r.; below horses, L·FLAMINI, CILO in ex.
Flaminia 1
A large issue without associated bronze.
The reverse engraving suffered from the large production, as Victory, on this specimen, drives extremely tiny-headed horses.PMah
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Cr 174/1 Æ As Caecilius c. 169-158 b.c.e. Rome mint likely moneyer: A. Caecilius A.f.
Laureate head of Janus; above, I [value]
[A] CAE above, R[OMA] below, prow of galley right; before, I [value]
33 mm 29.35 gm
Ex RBW Collection, from Christie's (17 October 1984), lot 21 (part)
This issue has not been securely dated, and some view the time frame for these issues to be earlier and longer. For this 10-20 year period, only the bronze coins use a ligated, short-form of about 20 moneyers' names, which do not have associated named denarii.
This coin is no beauty, but it is clear enough and quite weighty, with a fine provenance that shows even great collectors had to grab the right coins when available. In this issue, the As is easy to find but the fractions are not. PMah
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Cr 261/4 Æ Quadrans "Cn. Domit."Rome, 128 b.c.e.
o: Head of Hercules right; three pellets behind
r: Prow right; above CN•DOME [ligate]; ROMA below; three pellets before
3.52 gm, 19 mm, 6h.
Crawford notes that the moneyer is not clearly either of the two main branches of the Domitii -- "Domitius Ahenobarbus" or "Domitius Calvinus" -- and therefore catalogs this under the abbreviation.
The ragged flan makes this specimen hard to love, but the strike was actually pretty good and the wear is not as severe as first glance appears.PMah
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Cr 263/3b Æ Semis M. Caecilius Q. f. Q. n. Metellus 127 b.c.e Rome mint
Laureate head of Saturn right; S behind
Prow right; Macedonian shield above, S before, ROMA below
9.17 gm 23mm
The Caecili Metelli were quite proud of the victory over Macedonia of their forebearer, Macedonius. The shield is found on all the types in this issue, and, on this Semis and a related Quadrans, the name is dispensed with, although some specimens of both retain the name crammed on the reverse.
PMah
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Cr 249/3 Æ Quadrans P. Maenius M.f. [Antiaticus?] 132 b.c.e. Rome mint
Head of Hercules right, wearing lion skin headdress; three pellets behind
Prow right; P•MAE•ANT•MF (ligate) above, three pellets before, ROMA below
7.95gm 20mm
The exact cognomen of the moneyer is not universally agreed.PMah
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Cr 197-198B/1b Æ As Anonymousc. 157-156 b.c.e.
Laureate head of Janus, I [value] above
Prow right; I [value] before, ROMA below
16.03 gm 30mm
McCabe Group K3 (note cartoonish prowstem and peaked deck structure)
The Crawford numbering of these issues are a bit difficult to follow, and McCabe makes associations that are clearer once one can see a number of specimens of each Group.
PMah
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Cr 162/6a Ӕ Quadrans MAT[ienus]179-170 b.c.e. Rome mint
Head of Hercules right, three pellets behind
Prow right; MAT ligate above, three pellets before, ROMA below
7.20 gm 21mm
The MAT issue runs Victoriatus, Denarius, and bronze As through Sextans. The smaller bronze fractions are not seen every day. This specimen also nicely shows the clipping/snapping point on the rim where the flans were broken from a sprue or strip of multiple pieces. PMah
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Cr 50/3 Æ As Anonymous [Anchor]209-208 b.c.e. Rome mint
Laureate head of Janus; I (value) above
Prow right; I (value) above, anchor before, ROMA below
32.66 gm 34 mm
This issue is associated with a 60-As gold piece. A nice specimen with a pronounced eye and oar-box on the prow.PMah
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Cr 252/1 AR Denarius L. Postumius AlbinusL. Postumius Albinus 131 BCE
Rome mint
Helmeted head of Roma right; apex to left, mark of value below chin / Mars driving galloping quadriga right, holding trophy, shield, and spear. LPOSTA below, ROMA in ex.
19.5mm 3.91 gm
Postumia 1
One of the types without associated bronze. Interesting use of ligate lettering on rev. The apex on the obv. presumably reflects that an ancestor was Flamens Martialis; an ordinary moneyer is probably a bit young for that priesthood. One would have to have considerable self-confidence to wear such a hat, which can be seen on this iteration to be quite tall and spiky, not always seen quite that way.PMah
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Cr 182/2 Æ As GryphonAnonymous "Gryphon" series
Rome mint, c. 169-158 BCE
Laureate head of Janus; value I above
Prow of galley; griffin above, [ROMA] below.
32.9 mm 32.9 gm
The issue runs from Denarii through Sextans
This hefty coin is not a beauty (anymore) but Janus is rather distinct, as is the important griffin
From the x6 Collection = SteveP of the Forum BoardsPMah
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Cr 28/4 AR Half-Quadrigatus/DrachmAnonymous, Rome mint
2.99 gm; 17 mm
c. 225 BCE?
Laureate head of Fontus/Janus
Jupiter in quadriga driven by Victory l., holding sceptre and thunderbolt; in ex. ROMA.
This type is associated with the series starting with the rare AU stater with Dioscuri/Oath scene, through the first Quadrigatus/ Didrachms. The half-piece has no value mark. The halves are considerably rarer than the full Didrachms and were presumably unsuccessful despite filling a gap to the unwieldy cast bronze denominations. A precursor, in a sense, to the denarius.
This coin is much nicer in hand than the photo.PMah
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Cr 405/2 AR Denarius M. Plaetorius CestianusM. Plaetorius M. f. Cestianus
Rome mint c. 69 BCE
Draped female bust r. (Fortuna?); behind, [control symbol]
M PLAETORI CEST S·C around half-length boy? girl? facing on tablet inscribed SORS.
20mm, 3.49 gm
Plaetoria 10
A fascinating type among this varied issue with four main types of denarii. There are multiple theories as to the unique figure on the reverse, clearly a reference to divination by lots "SORS", but no agreement as to exactly what it signifies. Even on nicely preserved specimens, of which there are not many, the gender of the reverse figure is difficult to say. Crawford cites reason to think it refers to the origin of the moneyer's adoptive gens, expanded greatly by Michael Harlan. To me, given that the moneyership is an electoral stepping-stone, it seems a rather obscure reference; although the "S C" indicates a special issue perhaps unconnected with regular duties. Crawford notes that Cestianus became Praetor c. 64 BCE, so perhaps he was right to trust in luck.
This type is deemed rare and this specimen's condition is not unusual for the type.PMah
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Cr 285/1 AR Denarius Cn Domitius AhenobarbusRome mint, 116 or 115 BCE
Helmeted head of Roma r.; behind, X and before, ROMA
Jupiter in prancing quadriga r., holding sceptre and hurling thunderbolt; in exergue, CN DOMI
(Crawford sees sceptre as a laurel-branch.)
20mm 3.78 gm
Domitia 7
There's an interesting numismatic puzzle of the association of this type with a closely-related type of different moneyers, but I do not fully understand it and will skip for now.
I posted this specimen for the awful execution of the reverse, where the engraver competently depicted the horses' heads and tack, but then apparently realized that nearly 2/3 of the die face remained, and, so, panicking, filled in the field with horse-legs with a bizarre variety of joints and proportions -- the Ministry of Silly Horse Walks, 2nd Century BCE.
PMah
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Cr 163/1 AR Denarius [Feather]Anonymous "Feather" c. 179-170 BCE Rome mint
Helmeted head of Roma r.; behind, X. Rev. Luna in prancing biga r.; below, feather and ROMA in partial tablet.
18.5 mm 3.60 gm
No bronze associated with the "feather" mark.
This one is nicely centered for the issue.PMah
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Cr 126/1 AR Denarius Terentius Varro(?)A. Terentius Varro (?) uncertain mint circa 206-200 BCE
Helmeted head of Roma r.; behind, X
Dioscuri galloping r.; below, VAR ligate, ROMA in ex.
Terentia 1
19 mm 3.69 gm
No bronze associated with this type. The moneyer is presumed as A. Terentius Varro, Praetor of 184 b.c.e., but the name is only the cognomen, and ligate at that.
Not a beautiful specimen, but a scarce type.
PMah
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Cr 299/1b AR DenariusAppius Claudius Pulcher, T. Manlius Mancius (?) & Q. Urbinius (??)
Rome mint, 111-110 BCE
Helmeted head of Roma right; quadrangular device behind
Victory driving triga right, T•MA•AP• CL•Q•VR in ex.
3.94 gm, 17 mm
The text above does not do justice to the complexity of the ligature of the legend. This variety of the type leads off with moneyer "MA", presumed, not without contrary views, to be a Manlius or a Mallius; Crawford settles on Maloleius. I retained the seller's interpretation in the header for consistency.
"AP CL", by this time frame, will be a Claudius.
Crawford also cites but disputes an earlier interpretation that "Q. VR" stood for Quaestor Urbinus, rather than an unknown Urbinus. Puzzling that a Claudius would share honors.
No associated bronze types.
This coin nicely colored.
PMah
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Cr 246/4a Æ Quadrans C. Numitorius134 BCE Rome mint
Head of Hercules right, wearing lion skin; three pellets behind
Prow right; C•NVMITOR above, three pellets before
3.57 gm, 19 mm
This issue included Denarii through Sextans, but no As.
Not a common type. Hercules is rather crudely executed, as are many quadrans in this period.PMah
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Cr 65/6 Æ Sextans [AVR] C. Aurunculeius209 B.C.E. Æ Sextans Sardinia mint.
Head of Mercury right, wearing winged petasos; • • (value) above
Prow of galley right; ROMA above, AVR ligate vertical before, •• (value) below
18mm 3.12 gm
C. Aurunculeius was Praetor for Sardinia in 209 b.c.e., and, along with issues by his immediate predecessors L. Cornelius (211) and P. Manlius Vulso (210), his issue helps to date the introduction of the Denarius, despite no identified denarii in any of the three issues, but including identifiable quinarii (which would be meaningless without the Denarius.)
Not a beautiful specimen, but well-centered and complete, and an overall rare-ish coin.PMah
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Cr 64/6a Æ Sextans [MA series] P. Manlius Vulso ?210 B.C.E. Sardinia
Head of Mercury right, wearing winged petasus; • • (value) above
Prow of galley right; MA ligate and vertical to right, •• (value) below
18 mm 3.88 gms
Another series not directly associated with a denarius, running Quinarius to Sextans.
As with the other Sardinian issues, this issue helps to date the denarius, as Manlius Vulso was Praetor for Sardinia in 210.
This specimen is a but rough but overall has a fine strike and centering. The issue is somewhat rare.PMah
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Cr 69/6a Æ Sextans [Corn-ear/KA series]c. 211-208 B.C.E. Sicily
Draped bust of Mercury right, wearing winged petasus; • • (value) above
Prow of galley right; grain ear above, ligate KA to right, [ROMA] below
18.5 mm 5.86 gm
PMah
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Cr 63/6 Æ Sextans Anonymous [C Series]211 BCE Sardinia
Head of Mercury right, wearing winged petasos; • • (mark of value) above
Prow of galley right; C to right, ROMA above, • • (mark of value) below.
19mm 4.64 gm
This series is associated only from Quinarius to Sextans by Crawford, likely issued by L. Cornelius Lentulus, and critical for the now-accepted dating of the start of the denarius, as Lentulus was Praetor in Sardinia in 211.
The sextans is the most common denomination of the series, which is probably why I have one...
PMah
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Cr 268/1b AR Denarius Numerius Fabius Pictor 126 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, X; below chin, letter
r: Q. Fabius Pictor, as Flamen Quirinalis,seated left, shield at side inscribed QVI/RIN, holding apex and spear;
on right, N. FABI; on left, PICTOR; in exergue, ROMA; behind head [letter]
Cr. 268/1b. Fabia 11. (g. 3.87 mm. 17.00)
Scarcer type. Iridescent cabinet toningPMah
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Cr 21/6 Anonymous "Roma/Roma" series Æ cast Unciac. 269-266 b.c.e. Rome
o: Knucklebone seen from outside
r: Knucklebone seen from inside
Vecchi ICC 46
18.27 gm, 25.00 mm
The knucklebone, used for divination and gaming, is a persistent feature of early Italian coinage, appearing as actual life-sized formed bronze pieces a century or more earlier. This series repeated the types of the bronze fractions almost exactly from the earlier "Dioscuri/Mercury" series, Cr 14 (of which some types in this gallery at some point), on a slightly lower weight standard (~265 gm vs. ~ 322 gm).
This specimen is rather well preserved; the missing metal presumably stayed on the casting sprue when cracked off.PMah
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Cr 393/1b AR Denarius Cn. Cornelius LentulusSpain (?) 76-75 BCE 3.62gm. 17 mm.
o: Draped bust of the Genius Populi Romani r., hair tied with band and sceptre over shoulder; above, [G·P·R]
r: Sceptre with wreath, globe and rudder; EX – S·C. Below, [LE]NT [monogram NT] CVR * FL.
Cornelia 55; Sydenham 752a; Crawford 393/1b.
This nice and beautifully toned but not spectacular example of this type illustrates a few of the conundrums that come with it. One is the use of the office title on the reverse, Curator [* = for Denarii] Flandorum, which is uncommon even though, theoretically, the vast majority of the moneyers held a variation on that title -- especially the majority who did not strike Bronze and certainly not Gold. Another, the very tight flan, which cuts off the almost certain "LE" on rev. and part of the L -- tight flans are common, but the main elements of the obverse and reverse design are mostly present, so this flan/blank could be the runt of the mint, although it is a full 17 MM. The "Genius" head could be any lesser male diety, so the loss of the GPR is unfortunate. From Lentulus's perspective, of course, the key element of his full name was obscured. Good thing that there was almost always a Cornelius on the ballot, so, as is known, he moved ahead. The Spanish mint attribution is based in part on the "1a" type, which has "Q" for Quaestor instead of "Curator...", suggesting a non-standard appointment. Andrew McCabe illustrates a nice "1a".
PMah
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Cr 489/6 AR Quinarius M. AntoniusQuinarius, Lugdunum ? 42 BCE 1.78 gm
o: [III·VIR·] R·P·C around head of Victory (with features of Fulvia?)
r: [A]NTONI Lion walking r.; at sides, [A] – XL[I]. In exergue, IMP.
Usually said to be Antony's third wife, Fulvia and as giving his age of 41. The idea that the portrait is Fulvia is a bit of a stretch, and Crawford does not mention or attribute it as such in RRC. Nor is "Victoria" obvious, as the wings, if that is what is visible in FDC examples, are tiny even compared to full statuette forms. In every example I have seen, the portrait is poorly-executed and hardly a tribute to either Victory or Fulvia herself. Fulvia seems to have been a formidable person, and so the non-standard style would be perhaps consistent, but the uninspired portrait would then have been a significant failure.
The attribution of Antony's age as "41", which certainly fits some chronologies, nonetheless does not have a better explanation than that it seems that Julius Caesar put his age at "52" on a coin. There is debate about the dating and meaning of such age references, but, from my perspective, neither age matters as an absolute number -- both Antony and particularly Caesar had already legally been through the cursus, including Consul. Antony was Consul for 44 BCE. (Otherwise, as to Antony, we would have heard from Cicero at excruciating length.) Perhaps these are "birthday" issues, but a sad, lonely and pathetic birthday it would reflect. Antony's later coins with Octavia are more persuasive.
Antonia 32. Sydenham 1163. Sear Imperators 126.PMah
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Cr 448/3 L. Hostilius Saserna AR Denarius 48 b.c.e., Rome
o: Female Gallic head r. with long hair; behind, carnyx
rL L·HOSTILIVS – SASERNA Artemis of Ephesus standing facing, holding spear, w/ r. hand on head of prancing stag.
HCRI 19. Hostilia 4.
3.64 gm.
Issued by an obscure Caesarian moneyer, this type advertises Caesar’s capture of Massilia, an unwanted diversion on his rapid first strike “I go to Spain to fight an army without a general…” against the Pompeians.
Caesar, always quick to turn necessity into virtue, advertises his mercy in addition to his time-consuming victory, the female Gaul not being clearly captive (as on issues reflecting the Gallic War itself), as mostly-friendly-Greek Massilia was spared the usual sack, massacre and enslavement. He also honors their favorite imported Eastern goddess on the reverse (which may be a depiction of the cult statue from the recently non-sacked temple).
Notably, the defense was led by Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, who escaped with his son, soon to be Imperator Gnaeus, whose issue Cr. 519/2 is described in this gallery. (Lucius was killed after Pharsalus, supposedly by Antonius himself.)
PMah
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Cr 35/5 Æ cast SextansRome, ca. 225-217 b.c.e.
o: Head of Mercury left, wearing winged petasus; •• value) below; on a raised disk
r: Prow of galley right; •• (value) below
35mm, 38.60 gm, 12h
The so-called "libral" Prow right series of cast bronze is most likely associated with the "quadrigatus" AR didrachms. The weights are generally under the mathematical equivalent of a Roman pound -- in the case of this specimen, a worn "sixth", would be 231 gms,, far short of the likely weight of the libra in the mid-320 gm range. Even account for wear and the chip at the casting sprue point, the weight would not be close to a "pound".
This photo is not great, the coin, is much nicer in hand. PMah
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Cr 320/1 fouree AR Denarius Fouree L. Julius L.f. Caesarc. 103 BCE fourrée denarius (16.8 mm, 3.01 g, 5 h)
o: CAESAR upwards behind helmeted head of Mars, left; above, control symbol Q OR p
r: Venus driving a chariot left, drawn by two flying erotés; lyre in field beneath; L·IVLI·L·F in ex.
cf. Julia 4
An extremely convincing fouree, with break-through wear on the highest points on the reverse. Crawford says that the type repeats the control mark, which is variable in execution on authentic pieces, on both sides, which I do not clearly see on this otherwise crisp coin; perhaps this was a "tell" to contemporaries.
PMah
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Cr 391/1b AR Denarius C. Egnatius Cn. F. Cn. N. Maxsumus AR Serrate Denarius. Rome, 75 BC. 3.60gm, 19mm, 8h.
o: Diademed and draped bust of Venus, right, with Cupid perched on shoulder; IIII below
r: Libertas in biga left, crowned by flying Victory; behind, pileus; C•EGNATIVS•CN•F CN•N in exergue
This moneyer is postulated by Crawford to be among the populares and referenced by Cicero, Ad Atticum, although I have not yet matched the cite; if so, he presumably gained in importance without leaving a clear record among the top magistracies. The type has one die per control number among a total of 8, this one being IIII, and so is scarcer.
This coin is not a beauty, but is reasonably well-centered for the type and retains serrations.PMah
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Cr 137/1 AR Denarius CrescentCrescent series AR Denarius. Rome, 194-190 BCE 3.54gm, 19mm, 12h
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; X behind
r: Dioscuri on horseback riding right; crescent above; ROMA in linear frame below.
Crawford 137/1; RSC 20i.
One of the increasingly less anonymous but still merely symbolized series, this denarius was very nicely centered, particularly on the obverse, with, I think, well-used dies for both sides.
PMah
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Cr 235/1a AR Denarius Sex. Pompeius Fostlus 137 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; below chin, X; behind, jug
r: SEX. POM FOSTLVS. She-wolf suckling twins; behind, ficus Ruminalis; in left field, the shepherd Faustulus leaning on staff; in exergue, ROMA.
Cr. 235/1a. Pompeia 1. (g. 3.91 mm. 20.00)
This one's quite nice, pix do not do it justice.PMah
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Cr 167/1 AR Denarius AnonymousRome, c. 179-170 bce 3.82 gm
o: Head of Roma, rt, X behind, dotted border.
r: Dioscuri riding right, ROMA in linear border below.
This type is among the many anonymous Roma/Dioscuri denari, and I believe the Crawford attribution is correct.
Brinkman and Debernardini, in their excellent online guide, call this the "beaky" nose style, also emphasizing the full bar on the "A", the short rear legs on the horses (I would say only the foreground horse), the ROMA frame on top and right, and the main rider's cape. (The cape on this specimen is somewhat more worn than their illustrations.)PMah
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Cr 117/A/1 AR Denarius Anonymous [Rudder] c. 206-195 BCE
o: Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, X
r: The Dioscuri galloping right; below, rudder and ROMA in partial tablet.
Cr. 117 A/1;RSC Anon. 20y (g. 3.62 mm. 19.50)
a bit scarce
PMah
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Cr 433/2 AR Denarius M. Junius BrutusAR Denarius 54 bce Rome 4.09 gm 17.5 mm
o: BRVTVS, downwards behind head of L. Iunius Brutus r, border of dots
r: AHALA, downwards behind head of C. Servilius Ahala r, border of dots
Junia 30; Servilia 17; Sydenham 932
This type has always puzzled me. It clearly depicts the two anti-tyrants in the Junia family tree, L. Junius Brutus and C. Servilius Ahala. (Crawford uses the phrase "tyrannicides", but Brutus did not kill Tarquin and Ahala seems to have sucker-stabbed Maelius in anger.) Young Brutus, or whatever his name was when he was a moneyer, clearly chose to put them on his coins at the time when Pompey's prominence in the state was at its peak; Caesar was in Gaul or Britain, and could not help him. This decision as to coinage, therefore, seems to me extremely unhealthy. Roughly the same number of dies have been identified for both of Brutus's moneyer issues, so it is unlikely that this type is an indiscretion that was quickly withdrawn. So, was Brutus being played or deployed by Pompey against Caesar? Pompey was ostentatiously NOT claiming the dictatorship, so why "warn" him, especially when a "warning" from a 30-ish year old aspiring politician who maybe had held a staff officer's post would not likely impress Pompey, "the teenage butcher"? Worth, I think, exploring a bit.PMah
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Cr 340/1 AR Denarius L. Calpurnius Piso Frugic. 90 BCE, Rome, 19mm, 3.87gm.
o: Laureate head of Apollo r.; behind, control numeral X(?)
r: Horseman galloping r., w/palm branch; below, L PISO FRVGI / ROMA [mono]; above, XVII
Calpurnia 12. Sydenham 661.
This type, presumably struck at the height of the Social War, is overall common, with nearly 1000 dies each side, and seemingly one control number per die. It is an odd type, if the dating is right, as it speaks neither to the Social War, nor much to the loyalty of the legions. The war was quite intense, and it hardly seems that the legions would be distracted by the Games of Apollo ("home before the leaves fall" as they said in 1914) , or that the Italians would be bought off by a nostalgic sense that they would be cut off from the really cool games in Rome. Perhaps it reflects the blindness/stupidity/narcissism of the Roman Senatorial class that fostered the resentment among the Socii.
As a collecting type, I had not been enthusiastic about it until I learned of some rare variations and also came to appreciate the simplicity of the design. This one, among several I now have, has nice toning and strike. I will not seek all of the variants suggested by Crawford's two pages of control marks...PMah
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