England - Early Anglo-Saxon
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S.753 Anglo-Saxon thrymsaThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald
Moneyer: Witmen
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
Witmen-derived I type
S.753
N.25
GCASE.230
Ex- Baldwins 105 (lot 133)St. George's Collection
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S.757 Anglo-Saxon thrymsaThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald, possibly episcopal
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
Bust/LONDVNIV type
S.757
N.21
GCASE.340
Metcalf 51-57
Crondall 53-59
Sutherland 45-47
A rare facing bust thrymsa naming the city of London (LONDVNIV) on the reverse, the obverse a crude and stylized representation of the facing bust. Unusual necklace with a U shaped half circle with crosses as both ends, possibly representing a pallium. Possibly intended to represent a stylized portrait of Augustine. Different dies than the 7 others in the Ashmolean museum (from Crondall hoard), and the only example known not in a museum.
Ex- Sovereign Rarities Auction 5 (lot 21), CNG 100 (lot 1056), LA Adams, Vecchi Nvmmorvm Avctiones 11 (lot 1), WL Subjack, Wolfshead Galleries, Glendining 2 Jun 1994 (lot 226)St. George's Collection
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S.759 Anglo-Saxon thrymsaThrymsa, Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
'EAN' type
S.759
N.30
GCASE.360
Metcalf 63-66
Crondall 91-94
A rare early thrymsa from the early 7th century. The 'EAN' type, so named because of the retrograde letters visible on the obverse, is known from four examples in the famous Crondall hoard, found in Surrey in 1828. As far as I can tell, all examples including this one are known from the same dies.
Anna Gannon, in her book on Anglo-Saxon coin iconography, notes that the 'EAN' thrymsa is first coin to depict a helmet, with the Persian bejewelled helmet copied from late Roman coins.
Ex- BC, EMC 2020.0360St. George's Collection
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S.761 Anglo-Saxon thrymsaThrymsa, Ultra-Crondall phase 620-645
Monarch: unknown, possibly Eadbald
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
"WUNEETTON" type
S.761
GCASE.260
Ex- Wolfshead Galleries, DNW 196 (lot 1011), EMC 2021.0073, found Bygrave, HertfordshireSt. George's Collection
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S.767 Anglo-Saxon pale gold thrymsaThrymsa, post-Crondall phase 655-675
Monarch: unknown
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
'Two Emperors' type
S.767
GCASE.850
A pale gold thrymsa from the mid 7th century. The coin copies imagery seen on late Roman coins, including two seating figures on the reverse with winged victory in between, imitating Roman types.
This is the most common of the gold Anglo-Saxon thrymsas.
Ex- CGB Auction Sep 2021 (lot 684458)St. George's Collection
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S.769 Anglo-Saxon pale gold thrymsaThrymsa, transitional, 655-675
Monarch: unknown, possible Eorcenberht, Ecgberht I, or Hlothere
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
PADA PIIA
S.769
GCASE.940
Ex- J.ElsenSt. George's Collection
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S.769 Anglo-Saxon pale gold thrymsaThrymsa, transitional, 655-675
Monarch: unknown, possible Eorcenberht, Ecgberht I, or Hlothere
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
PADA PIIB
S.769
GCASE.1000
Ex- J.ElsenSt. George's Collection
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S.770 Anglo-Saxon pale gold thrymsaThrymsa, transitional 655-675
Monarch: unknown, possible Eorcenberht, Ecgberht I, or Hlothere
Mint: unknown, probably Kent
PADA PIII
S.770
N.31
GCASE.1010
Likely Kentish transitional pale gold thrymsa of the mid-late 7th century. Debasement of gold coinage took place during the production of several gold shillings or "thrymsas", culminating in a coinage that was mostly silver. These thrymsas predate the sceatta coinage.
Ex- Rare Coins and TokensSt. George's Collection
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S.775 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 680-700
Type 2a
S.775
Abramson 3-30
O: Radiate bust right
R: Degenerated standard with TOTII
Ex- CNG eAuction 468 (lot 639), J & M Robertson, J LinzaloneSt. George's Collection
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S.777 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 685-700
Series BI
Type 27a
S.777
N.126
Abramson 16-10
O: Diademed head right within serpent circle, pellets in front of face
R: Bird on cross
Series B sceattas likely originated in Kent and over time migrated up to East Anglia.
Possibly a contemporary imitation of a series B sceat, though many "official" types are extroardinarily blundered.
Ex- Leodis Hammered Coins, EMC 2013.0096St. George's Collection
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S.777A Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 685-700
Series BIII (var)
Type 27a
S.777A
Abramson 16-90
O: Crude diademed head right with two annulets in front of face
R: Bird on Maltese cross with pellets in angles
This rare type may be imitative, or may be a late official type when the style became much more crude.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.778 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 700-710
Series BZ
Type 29a
S.778
Abramson 17-20
O: Abstract facing bust
R: Bird on cross
Ex- Spink 21060 (lot 735), T Abramson, S Elden, EMC 2008.0042St. George's Collection
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S.779 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 700-710
Series C
Type 2b
S.779 (var.)
Abramson unlisted
O: Radiate bust right, APA in runes
R: Degenerated standard with IIII in a swirl and crosses at each side
An unsual reverse separates this example from the main type.
Ex- CNG eAuction 468 (lot 646), J Robertson, J LinzaloneSt. George's Collection
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S.779 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase 700-710
Series C
Type 2b
S.779
N.41
Abramson 4-60
O: Radiate bust right, APA in runes
R: Degenerated standard with TOTII, runic letters above standard
The quality of the artistry during the primary phase decreased as time progressed. The reverse "standard" is derived from old Roman coins.
Ex- Copperbark Ltd, DNW 12 Nov 2015 (lot 8), Julian Birch, Patrick Finn FPL 17 (27)St. George's Collection
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S.780 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase, in the name of "Aethliraed"
Monarch: possibly Aethelred of Mercia (674-705)
Moneyer: unknown (or Aethelred)
Type 105
S.780
N.155
Abramson 92-10
O: Aethiliraed (runic in two lines, clockwise)
R: Degenerate head (porcupine)
Seems to be from the same dies as EMC 1020.0312 (from the Mack collection), but a more worn state.
Ex- Halls Hammered Coins, EMC 2014.0256St. George's Collection
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S.780 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, primary phase, in the name of "Aethliraed"
Monarch: possibly Aethelred of Mercia (674-705)
Moneyer: unknown (or Aethelred)
Type 105
S.780
N.155
Abramson 92-20
O: Degenerate head (porcupine)
R: Aethiliraed (runic in two lines, counterclockwise)
This coin is one of the few sceattas of the early Anglo-Saxon period with a definite name inscribed on it. This one has the name 'Aethiliraed' or 'Aethelred'. This has historically been attributed to Aethelred of Mercia, a petty king who reigned 674-705.
Others believe that Aethelred was a moneyer. In the same context, sceats are known of the Northumbrian king Aldfrith, who was a contemporary of Aethelred of Mercia, so it is certainly possible that a Mercian king might have put his name on a coin.
This coin is struck from the same dies as several similar coins in the Early Medieval Corpus (EMC: 1993:9135, 1994.0138, and 2001.0694)
Ex- Mike VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.781 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series F
Type 24b
S.781
N.62
Abramson 106-30
O: Helmeted bust right
R: Small cross on steps, degenerated legend surrounding
An English imitation of a Merovingian coin, this type was produced in large numbers and its origin is thought to be Eastern England, maybe East Anglia.
Ex- J. LinzaloneSt. George's Collection
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S.782 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary (?) phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Z
Type 66
S.782
N.145
Abramson 102-60
O: Haunted-appearing (almost ghostly) face (?Christ)
R: Hound or wolf standing with curled tail
This unusual sceatta was probably produced in Kent or East Anglia, and the bearded face is probably Christ. The reverse is a skinny quadriped, with a curled tail circling through its legs.
The origin of this design seems to have heavy Roman and Byzantine influences. The obverse bust parallels similar images of Christ found on contemporary Byzantine coins and Christian tokens that pilgrims would have brought back from the Holy Land. The face has a fairly haunted appearance, and is expressionless.
The reverse is a little more tricky. Anna Gannon (Coins, Images, and Tales from the Holy Land, in Studies in Early Medieval Coinage vol 2) suggests that it represents a stag, which would have had a religious meaning. In my opinion, however, even with the primitive art of the time, it's hard to call that a stag, as the small linear "horns" really look more like ears. Other scholars call the creature a hound or wolf, with origins in Celtic imagery (such as the "Norfolk wolf", which is also of East Anglian origin). Alternatively it has been suggested (Charles Wood, private correspondence) that the creature might be a crude copy of the Roman wolf, nursing Romulus and Remus, as appears on many earlier Roman coins. This imagery occurs on a later East Anglian coin, that of Aethelberht II. The East Anglian ruling dynasty in the 7th century was the Wuffingas, a name that probably means "kin of wolves", and the wolf may have been a representation of the dynasty.
This coin probably dates from the early 8th century. The legends are illegible, and could be erroneous copies of Greek, of which the Anglo-Saxons would have presumably known little.
Ex- C.WoodSt. George's Collection
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S.782A Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary (?) phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Z-related
S.782A
Abramson 102-80
O: Quadruped right with forking tail
R: Maltese cross, blundered legends surrounding
A rare type with a creature that shares similarities with the creature on series Z as well as on the coins of Aldfrith of Northumbria
This particular coin is a die match to EMC 2015.0031.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.782A Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary (?) phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Z-related
S.782A
Abramson 102-80
O: Quadruped right with forking tail
R: Maltese cross, blundered legends surrounding
A rare type with a creature that shares similarities with the creature on series Z as well as on the coins of Aldfrith of Northumbria
Ex- Noonans 278 (lot 34)St. George's Collection
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S.783 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat, in the name of "Vernus"
Type 91
S.783
Abramson 6-10
O: Degenerate head, "VERNVS" surrounding
R: Standard with angular symbols
The "Vernus" sceattas are an enigmatic group with strong influence from continental Merovingian coins, and most likely originate in East Anglia. Whether the word Vernus has anything to do with spring-time, is of course unclear, but it seems unlikely to be a proper name so perhaps it beckons to a pre-Christian spring ritual.
This type seems to have produced for a while, and later degenrated into illegible circumscription and an unrecognizable face.
It is unclear when exactly these coins were produced, but it was probably during the primary phase, ~680-710.
Ex- Charles WoodSt. George's Collection
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S.783 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat, in the name of "Vernus" (degenerated)
Type 91
S.783
O: Degenerate head, degenerate "VERNVS"
R: Standard with linear symbols
Ex- Essex CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.784 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
"Saroaldo" type
Type 11
S.784
N.51
Abramson unlisted
O: Stylized bust left
R: Pseudo-legend of "SAROALDO" around standard
Degenerated version of the Saroaldo type, facing left when most examples face right.St. George's Collection
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S.784 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
"Saroaldo" type
Type 11
S.784
Abramson 7-40
N.51
O: Stylized bust right
R: Pseudo-legend of "SAROALDO" around standard
Unusual primary phase sceatta, probably from Kent. The legend remains problematic, it does not sound like an Anglo-Saxon name, probably it is a corruption of something else, possibly a Frankish name.
Ex- AMR coins, PAS: IOW-BCF88ESt. George's Collection
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S.785 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series E
Type 53
S.785
N.150
Abramson 91-10
Metcalf 258-62
O: Degenerate head (porcupine)
R: Stepped cross (sunburst)
Unusual type with a stepped cross design that degenerated and on this coin looks more like a sunburst. The "porcupine" design is found on Series E sceattas, which are Frisian in origin, though several British designs copy this, as would be expected given the trade between these societies.
Ex- Comptoir Général FinancierSt. George's Collection
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S.786 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series E
Type 89
S.786
N.47
Abramson 93-10
O: Serpent with radiant quills coiled around a central cross
R: Central cross with crosses at ends, SEDE in angles
The meaning of this rare issue is lost, but presumably there is an ecclesiastic connection.
Ex- P.KerrSt. George's Collection
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S.787 Anglo-Saxon sceatPrimary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series W
Type 54
S.787
N.148
Abramson 108-20
O: Standing figure right holding two long annulet crosses
R: Cross croslet on saltire
Series W sceats are believed to originate in Wessex, the only primary phase sceattas assigned to that kingdom
Ex- Bruun Rasmussen auction 847 (lot 418)St. George's Collection
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S.790 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series E
S.790
O: Degenerate bust right
R: Degenerate standard
Ex- P. HuttonSt. George's Collection
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S.790D Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series E
S.790D
Abramson 96-10
O: Degenerate bust right
R: Degenerate standard
Ex- P.KerrSt. George's Collection
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S.790G Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series E
S.790G
Type G5
Abramson 89-40
O: Degenerate bust right, insect-like, letters XAZA
R: Degenerate standard
Ex- eBay, A HuntSt. George's Collection
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S.790G Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series E
S.790G
Type G5
O: Degenerate bust right, insect-like, letters XAZA
R: Degenerate standard, surrounding letters and included letters.
A series of letters can be found on the reverse. There is speculation that these could be an attempt to spell the name of Willebrord, the Anglo-Saxon missionary who later became bishop of Utrecht.
My personal suspicion is that if the letters are trying to spell anything, it is likely VVICVS FIT, the city of Quentovic, which would make this a Frankish rather than Frisian issue, but could just be imitative of other coins that spell out Quentovic without having clear connection to that city.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.792 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series D
Type 2c
S.792
Abramson 8-10
O: Bust right
R: Cross with pellets, illegible letters surounding
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.793 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series D
Type 8 (var.)
S.793
Abramson 10-20
O: Cross on triangle
R: Cross in wheel with cruciform limbs
Ex- Noonans 278 (lot 47), Spink 21000 (lot 323), T. Abramson, CNG 75 (lot 1369), Beowulf Collection, M. VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.794 Anglo-Saxon sceatContinental sceat
Mint: probably northern France or Frisia
Series D
Type 10
S.794
SL 9-10
O: Bust right, EPA in runic
R: "Moon face" right, TILVS partly on flan
Ex- CNG
St. George's Collection
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S.797 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin, probably Ribe, Denmark
Series X
S.797
Abramson unlisted
O: Facing bust, possibly Odin/Woden
R: Monster right
These coins are generally believed to have been produced in Ribe and had a fairly extensive production with wide distribution throughout the North Sea world.
This particular coin is of an unusual variety, which has quaterfoils of pellets surrounding the face, rather than crosses.
Ex- AMR CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.800 Anglo-Saxon sceatAnglo-Saxon secondary phase sceat, ca. early 8th century
Series G
Type 3a
S.800
Abramson 21-20
O: Diademed bust right
R: Standard with 3 saltires
Thought to be from southern England, possibly Sussex
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.800 Anglo-Saxon sceatAnglo-Saxon secondary phase sceatta
Early 8th century
Mint: Quentovic (?)
Series G
Type 3a
S.800
Abramson 21-20
O: Diademed bust right
R: Standard with 4 saltires
Ex- eBay, A Hunt, M VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.801 Anglo-Saxon sceatAnglo-Saxon secondary phase sceat, ca. early 8th century
Monarch: unknown (possibly Ine of Wessex)
Moneyer: unknown
Mint: Hamwic
Series H
Type 49
SCBC 801
N. 103
Abramson 48-735
O: Face in circle with pellets around, cross beneath and seven pellets-in-annulets around
R: Bird standing right with cross with dots below
This "Woden" head coin comes in multiples styles, with anywhere from 5-12 annulets around the face. While the face is purported to be a representation of Woden, or Odin, there is no particular reason it must be.
The type was manufactured in Hamwic, a port city thought to be modern day Southampton. This area was developed during the time of Ine of Wessex, and that ruler may have made it his seat; not surprisingly coinage took place there. Hamwic was the first Channel port of the expanding kingdom of Wessex, and provided a site for trade with the Franks and Frisians. This particular coin is probably from the period of 720-740.
Surprisingly, while there was certainly continental trade through Hamwic, this coin type has not been found in any great number outside of the Hamwic area. Perhaps this was an internal coinage for the merchants of England, and other coins such as the series E "porcupine" sceat were for international trading.
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.801B Anglo-Saxon sceatAnglo-Saxon secondary phase sceat
Series H
Type 48
S. 801B
O: Whorl of wolf heads
R: Annulet cross
Ex- TimeLine Auctions, Canterbury Auctions, JN CrossSt. George's Collection
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S.802 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 85
S.802
Abramson 18-20
O: Bust right
R: Large bird on cross
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.802A Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 37
S.802A
O: Two facing heads with a central cross
R: Whorl of four birds
Ex- S.HallSt. George's Collection
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S.802B Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 60
S.802B
Abramson 22-30
O: Monster facing right
R: Two serpents coiled
Ex- Spink 21000 (lot 138), T.Abramson, Baldwin 38 (lot 99), P.Finn, P.Finn FPL 9 (53)St. George's Collection
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S.802C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 72
S.802C
Abramson 19-20
O: Two facing heads with a central cross
R: Bird looking away from serpent toward cross
The imagery of the different coins of type 72 tell a story of good and evil, with the serpent representing evil or temptation, and the cross representing the opposite. The phrase, "Get thee behind me, Satan" is echoed with the imagery.
This particular variety is much rarer than the coins with the bird facing backwards.
Ex- Spink 21000 (lot 125), T.Abramson, M.VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.802C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 72
S.802C (var.)
Abramson 19-25
O: Two facing heads with a central cross
R: Bird looking back at serpent
In this variety, the serpent is not aggressively menacing the bird's face (as in the usual type 72), but rather looking back with it. Another variety has the bird looking forward at a cross. There seems to be some story that these coins tell, and Abramson suspects it is a Christian cautionary tale, but the meaning has become murky over the centuries.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.802C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 72
S.802C
Abramson 19-10
O: Two facing heads with a central cross
R: Bird looking back at serpent
Ex- K ChapmanSt. George's Collection
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S.802D Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?York
Series J
Type 36
S.802D
Abramson 20-10
Understood to be Northumbrian, this coin was likely made in York, ca. 710-725, although it did not name any rulers. Somewhat difficult to accept that these anonymous issues should be sandwiched in between inscribed coins in the names of Kings Aldfrith (685-704) and Eadberht (737-758), and I think it is not unreasonable to suspect they are not official royal coinage.
Ex- AMR CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.803 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 33
S.803
Abramson 38-10
O: Bust right facing cross
R: Lion right with long serpent tongue
The sceattas of series K represent a highlight of Anglo-Saxon artistic merit. The figure on the reverse was long thought to be a wolf, but is now believed to represent a lion.
Ex- Shanna Schmidt, Triton XXI (lot 1353), Dr. JDR, SNC CIIISt. George's Collection
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S.803 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 33
S.803
Abramson -
O: Bust right facing cross
R: Lion right with long serpent tongue, facing cross
A neat series K sceat, of decent style, with a distinct reverse not previously seen. The obverse shows a bust facing right in the standard style, called O3 by Abramson. The reverse differs though, showing a neater and smaller beast head than usually seen, with a serpent tongue, and with a cross in field. The beast almost looks like a man-beast, with a jeweled collar and fancy drapery worthy of a king. Metcalf thought the beast a wolf; Abramson and Gannon believe the creature is a lion. I’m on the fence. The coin is clearly Christian, yet has strong imagery roots in Celtic and Germanic mythology.
Ex- Lockdale'sSt. George's Collection
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S.803A Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 42
S.803A
Abramson 41-35
O: Bust right with bird in hand, looking skyward
R: Animal (?hound) rounding bush with berries
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.803A Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 42
S.803A
Abramson 41-10
O: Bust right with bird in hand, vine in hand
R: Animal (?hound) rounding bush with berries
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.803C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 32a
S.803C
Abramson 40-40
O: Bust right holding cross
R: Coiled serpent eating tail
Series K is presumed to be from Kent, possibly Canterbury
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.803D Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 32a
S.803D
Abramson 39-10
O: Bust right holding cross
R: Wolf-headed serpent right
Ex- eBay, Baldwins, Patrick FinnSt. George's Collection
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S.803D Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: Kent
Series K
Type 32a
S.803D
Abramson 39-10
O: Bust right holding cross
R: Wolf-headed serpent right
Ex- Hosker Haynes Auction 3 (lot 60)St. George's Collection
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S.804 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin, approximately 730-760
Mint: ?London ?East Anglia
Series L
Type 12
S.804
N.63
Abramson 23-10
O: Diademed draped bust, above head "CNOONN"
R: Helmeted figure with two crosses, likely standing in a boat
This unusual sceatta has mostly been found in East Anglia, suggesting its manufacture was in that region. The inscription is probably meant to read "LVNDONIA" and is possibly copied from other coins that read "DE LVNDONIA". The moneyer was likely illiterate as the majority of these coins appear blundered.
The figure on the back, holding the two crosses, and standing on what appears to be a (very small) boat, may be a missionary teaching Christianity to other peoples somewhere across the North Sea or English Channel. The reverse appears on other sceats, such as coins of series K.
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.804F Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin, approximately 730-760
Mint: ?London ?East Anglia
Series L
Type 18
S.804F
N.63
Abramson 33-40
O: Diademed draped bust right
R: Helmeted standing figure right (?in boat), holding long cross pommée and bird
Ex- K.Chapman, M.VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.805 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, secondary phase
Series M
S.805
Abramson 61-40
O: Sinuous creature
R: Coiled vines
Ex- Spink 21060 (lot 927), T Abramson, CNGSt. George's Collection
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S.805 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, secondary phase
Series M (var.)
S.805
Abramson 61-80
O: Quadruped right (?horse)
R: Coiled vines
This unusual and rare variant of series M features a creature with an odd shaped branch behind, similar to series K, type 42. The creature, sometimes called a horse, resembles the "fantastic animal" creature on 8th century Northumbrian coins.
Ex- TimeLines Auction June 2020 (lot 3564), EMC 2020.0024, found Great PaxtonSt. George's Collection
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S.805 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta, secondary phase
Series M
S.805
O: Sinuous creature
R: Coiled vines
Ex- Davissons Auction 42 (lot 264), Zabel collectionSt. George's Collection
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S.806 Anglo-Saxon sceatS.806 Anglo-Saxon sceat
Sceatta of uncertain origin, secondary phase
Series N
S.806
Abramson 52-40
O: Two standing figures, holding crosses
R: Monster right
Ex- StacksBowers Jan 2018 (lot 22762)St. George's Collection
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S.807 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series O
S.807
Type 38
Abramson 58-10
O: Bust right
R: Bird right in torc
Ex- J WegehauptSt. George's Collection
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S.807B Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series O
Type 40
S.807B
Abramson 55-10
O: Standing figure holding two crosses
R: Monster right
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.808 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q I B
S.808
Abramson 63-40
O: Two figures facing, cross between
R: Monster in flight
Ex- Badger Coins, eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.808C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q I G
Type 95
S.808C
Abramson 63-105
O: Bust facing
R: Quadruped left
Ex- Spink 21060 (lot 936), T Abramson, R CookSt. George's Collection
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S.808E Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q I E
Type 67
S.808E
Abramson 63-75
O: Bust right with cross before
R: Bird left
Ex- CNG auction 114 (lot 1230), J & M Robertson, J LinzaloneSt. George's Collection
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S.808E Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q I E
Type 67
S.808E
Abramson 63-70
O: Bust right with cross before
R: Bird left
Ex- Hosker Haynes Auction 3 (lot 61)St. George's Collection
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S.808F Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q I F
S.808F
Type 71
Abramson 63-80
O: Figure facing holding two crosses
R: Bird left
Ex- Lockdales 162 (lot 1413), J Cross, M VosperSt. George's Collection
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S.809 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q variety
S.809 (unlisted variety)
Abramson 64-60
O: Bird right
R: Bird left
An unlisted variety, not really QIIIC (which is typically a quadraped on one side, bird on other). Metcalf included a line drawing of this very coin in the text on series Q, though did not commend further.
Ex- Lockdales 162 (lot 1419), J Cross, Morton and Eden Auction 83-83 (Dec 2016) lot 900, EMC 1986.0097St. George's Collection
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S.809C Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q II C
S.809C
Type 65
Abramson 64-40
O: Quadruped left, tail intertwined with legs
R: Bird left with wings spread, cross pommee below each wing
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.809D Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q II D
S.809D
Type 65
Abramson 64-110
O: Quadruped left, forked tail, in field of pellets
R: Bird left
Ex- Silbury Coins, Mark RasmussenSt. George's Collection
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S.810 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q III
S.810
Type 64
SL 65-20
O: Quadruped left, looking back at tail which is knotted in triquetra
R: Bird walking right, triquetra above
Ex- Noonans 283 (lot 98), Davisson 42 (lot 267), Zabel CollectionSt. George's Collection
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S.811B Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q IV B
Type 99
S.811B
O: Lion right
R: Bird left
Ex- Essex-coinsSt. George's Collection
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S.811E Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: East Anglia
Series Q IV E
Type 99
S.811E
Abramson 66-50
O: Lion left
R: Lion left
A variety of series QIV with the lion on both sides
Ex- Lockdales 162 (lot 1420), J crossSt. George's Collection
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S.812 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Q/R mule
Type 73
S.812
Abramson 12-70
O: Degenerated bust right, MR (runic) retrograde
R: Quadruped right, forked tail
Ex- CNG, Sotheby's April 22-23 1999 (lot ), L.R. StackSt. George's Collection
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S.812 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series Q/R mule
S.812
Abramson 67-25
O: Bird right with pellets
R: Standard with saltire center
Ex- Wolfshead Gallery, Spink auction 21000 (lot 282), T.Abramson, K.Chapman, EMC 2003.0153St. George's Collection
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S.813 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: probably East Anglia
Series R/vico mule
S.813 (var.)
Abramson 12-10
O: Bust right, runic letters
R: Beaded standard with crosses surrounding, letters VICO within
This particular coin combines a fairly well-styled obverse of series R with a VICO reverse seen on series E.
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.813A Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin
Series R10
S.813A
Abramson 11-150
O: Bust on pyramidal neck, name Wigræd (in runes) to right
R: Standard with angular symbols
The name Wigræd is probably that of a moneyer, rather than a king or civic official. Other moneyers include Epa and Tilbeorht, the former of which is fairly common, and the latter, along with Wigræd is quite uncommon.
Ex- eBay, Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.813A Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin
Series R11
S.813A
Abramson 11-170
O: Bust right, name Tilberht (in runes) to right
R: Standard with angular symbols
Ex- Spink 21060 (lot 667), T Abramson, T Owen, M BonserSt. George's Collection
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S.814 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Mint: ?Essex
Series S
Type 47
S.814
Abramson 68-10
O: Female centaur
R: Clockwise whorl of four wolf heads with interlocked tongues
Originally called series "S" for "Sphinx", the creature is rather a female centaur.
Ex- Shanna Schmidt, Triton XXI (lot 1373), Dr. JDR, CNG 53 (lot 2230)St. George's Collection
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S.816 Anglo-Saxon sceatSecondary phase Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series U
Type 23d
S.816
Abramson 45-50
O: Standing figure right, holding crosses, ?on a boat
R: Pecking bird right, branch above, unusual symbol below neck
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.817 Anglo-Saxon sceatSceatta of uncertain origin, secondary phase
Series V
Type 7
S.817
Abramson 62-10
O: Standing bird, holding branches
R: She-wolf nursing Romulus and Remus
Many sceats have imagery that is reminiscent of the style of Roman coins. Series V however is overtly copying Roman design, with a wolf nursing the twins Romulus and Remus.
Ex- CNG eAuction 468 (lot 674), J & M Robertson, J Linzalone, P FinnSt. George's Collection
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S.820 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
"CARIP" type
S.820
Abramson 26-40
O: Bust right, letters IAR
R: Standing figure surrounded by a plant(?) and a cross
An egimatic secondary phase "eclectic" sceat with similarities to series K/L coins. Some coins of this type read "CARIP", others "SISCO" and this one "IAR". The meaning of these inscriptions is unclear.
Ex- Den of AntiquitySt. George's Collection
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S.821 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Triquetras type
S.821
Abramson 110-70
O: Facing bust with knotted hair
R: Triquetra cross
Ex- Spink 21000 (lot 296), T.Abramson, N.Smith, EMC 2005.0111, found Lavendon, BuckinghamshireSt. George's Collection
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S.821 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Triquetras type
S.821
Abramson 110-30
O: Winged creature facing (?angel)
R: Triquetra cross
Ex- Spink 21000 (lot 293), T.Abramson, N.Mills, EMC 2004.0122, found CambridgeshireSt. George's Collection
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S.821 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Triquetras type
S.821
O: Standing figure holding two long crosses
R: Triquetra cross
Ex- eBaySt. George's Collection
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S.822 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Celtic cross type
S.822
Abramson 31-10
O: Quilled bust right with central cross pommee
R: Celtic cross
Ex- Silbury CoinsSt. George's Collection
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S.823 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Rosette type
S.823
Abramson 32-30
O: Bust right, rosette before and behind
R: Facing figure holding two long cross pommee's
Ex- Lockdales, Spink 21000 (lot 162), T Abramson, P Elkins, EMC 2005.0124, found Barham, SuffolkSt. George's Collection
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S.824A Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
"Monita Scorum" type
S.824A
Abramson 24-40
O: DE LVNDONIA+, bust right
R: ZCORVM, "porcupine" left
Of the "Monita Scorum" type, thought to be an ecclesiastic issue. 'Scorum' may be an appreviated form of 'sanctorum'. Thus, the "money of the saints". With the inscription on the front, this was presumably a London issue.
Ex- CNG eAuction 432 (lot 509)St. George's Collection
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S.827 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
S.827
Type 22
Abramson 111-20
O: Winged figure right
R: Winged figure in boat facing
Ex- Spink 21060 (lot 980), T Abramson, Chris Rudd FPL 34, 1998.0067St. George's Collection
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S.828 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series K/N
Type 16/41
S.828
Abramson 37-40
O: Standing figure, cross and floral device
R: Monster right
Ex- eBay, Baldwins, Patrick FinnSt. George's Collection
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S.830 Anglo-Saxon sceatEclectic Anglo-Saxon sceat
Series K/R mule
S.830
Abramson 42-20
O: Coiled serpent
R: Standard
Ex- K Chapman, S EldenSt. George's Collection
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