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01. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Lion facing right. I in exergue.
4.60 gm., 23 mm.
RIC #12; Sear #8956.
During the reign of Philip I, the Empire celebrated the millennium of the founding of the City of Rome. The thousandth year of Rome was calculated as running from April 21, 247 to April 21, 248. During this year, celebrations were held throughout the empire, and in the city of Rome itself. Spectacular games were held for the people and a series of coins was issued depicting the animals which appeared in these games. Other reverse types looked back a 1000 years (wolf & twins) or ahead to the future (SAECVLVM NOVVM / temple) as Rome entered a "new age." The first 8 coins in this album are the coins issued for this occasion.Callimachus
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02. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Wolf & twins. II in exergue.
4.36 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #15; Sear #8957.Callimachus
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03. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Goat (or Moose/European Elk) walking; III in exergue.
4.23 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #224; Sear #9275.
The animal on the reverse of this coin is called a goat in most coin catalogues. However, a recent theory suggests that it is a European Elk (same as the American Moose) which is depicted rather than a goat. Callimachus
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04. Otacilia Severa.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: OTACIL SEVERA AVG / Diademed bust of Severa, on crescent.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Hippopotamus facing right. IIII in exergue.
4.16 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #116b; Sear #9160.Callimachus
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04a. Otacilia Severa, detail.A close up photo of the hippopotamus on the previous coin.Callimachus
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05. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Stag facing right. U in exergue.
4.59 gm., 23 mm.
RIC #19; Sear #8958.Callimachus
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06. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Antelope or Gazelle facing left. UI in exergue.
4.15 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #21; Sear #8959.Callimachus
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07. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLARES AVGG / Low column inscribed COS III.
4.46 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #24c; Sear #8961.Callimachus
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08. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Antioch mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SAECVLVM NOVVM / Hexastyle temple with seated statue of Roma.
4.25 gm., 21 mm.
RIC 86a.
This particular reverse type seems to be the only one of the Millennium types to have been minted in Antioch. Characteristics of the Antioch mint on this coin include a left-facing bust and the long obverse legend.
The temple is the Temple of Roma in Rome, begun by Hadrian and complete by Antoninus Pius in 141 AD.Callimachus
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10. Philip I.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVGG / Philip and his son on horseback, galloping side by side. E in field under horses front legs.
3.56 gm., 22.5 mm.
RIC #10; Sear #8976.Callimachus
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12. Philip I.Antoninianus, 245 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: ADVENTVS AVGG / Philip on horseback, raising right hand and holding a sceptre.
4.21 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #26b; Sear #8916.
Coins with this reverse type were often issued at the beginning of a reign to celebrate "the coming of the emperor." Since Philip became emperor in the East during a war with Persia, it was some time before he was able to conclude the war and return to Rome.Callimachus
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14. Philip I.Antoninianus, ca 245 - 247 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: ROMAE AETERNAE / Roma seated, holding Victory and sceptre. Shield at her side.
4.72 gm., 20 mm.
RIC #44b; Sear #8952.
The reverse type of this coin was occasionally used by several Roman emperors before Philip's time. However, the use of it on this coin likely anticipates the 1000'th anniversary of the founding of Rome which was celebrated in the year 248.Callimachus
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16. Philip I.Antoninianus, 247 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: AETERNITAS AVGG / Elephant and mahout.
4.08 gm., 23 mm.
RIC # 58; Sear # 8921.
Issued about the time of the Millennium celebration, the reverse of this coin takes up the theme of eternity and applies it to the ruling dynasty. The Romans were first awed by, and then fascinated by elephants. They thought elephants lived to be several hundred years old, and thus the elephant became a symbol of eternity. The elephant portrayed on this coin was likely part of the festivities held to celebrate the millennium and some numistmatists consider this coin to be part of the set of coins issued to commemorate the event.Callimachus
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20. Philip I.Antoninianus, 244-245 AD, Antioch mint (or "Unknown mint").
Obverse: IMP C M IVL PHILIPPVS PF AVG PM / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: PAX FVNDATA CVM PERSIS / Pax holding branch and transverse sceptre.
3.25 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #69; Sear #8941.
On Roman coins, PM usually stands for Pontifex Maximus. However, the PM at the end of the obverse legend on this coin (and on the following 2 coins) is usually taken to mean Persicus Maximus -- a title Philip took for himself to commemorate his "victory" over the Persians. It exists only on the earliest coins of Philip I minted in Antioch, but was soon dropped as word got out that the "victory" was really a hastily concluded peace treaty which gave the Romans no advantages whatsoever. The PM is found at the end of the obverse legend or under the bust.
The reverse legend celebrates the lasting peace with Persia.
Recent research indicates that the first series of coins attributed to Antioch by RIC may have been produced at what is currently being called the "Unknown mint." This coin and the next 2 coins are from that mint.Callimachus
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21. Philip I.Antoninianus, 244-245 AD, Antioch mint (or "Unknown mint").
Obverse: IMP C M IVL PHILIPPVS PF AVG PM / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: SPES FELICITATIS ORBIS / Spes walking, holding flower and raising skirt.
4.89 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #70; Sear #8967.
The reverse legend expresses the hope that the whole world will enjoy happiness under Philip's rule.Callimachus
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22. Philip I.Antoninianus, 244-245 AD, Antioch mint (or "Unknown mint").
Obverse: IMP C M IVL PHILIPPVS PF AVG PM / Radiate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: VIRTVS EXERCITVS / Virtus standing, holding shield and spear.
4.00 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #71; Sear #8977.Callimachus
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25. Philip I.Sestertius, ca 144 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Laureate bust of Philip I.
Reverse: FIDES MILITVM / Fides standing, holding sceptre and standard.
26.06 gm., 29 mm.
RIC #173a; Sear #8995.Callimachus
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30. Otacilia Severa.Antoninianus, ca 245 - 247 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M OTACIL SEVERA AVG / Diademed bust of Severa, on a crescent.
Reverse: CONCORDIA AVGG / Concordia seated, holding patera and double cornucopiae.
3.29 gm., 21.5 mm.
RIC #125c; Sear #91Callimachus
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32. Otacilia Severa.Antoninianus, ca 245 - 247 AD, "Branch mint" (?)
Obverse: M OTACIL SEVERA AVG / Diademed bust of Severa, on a crescent.
Reverse: IVNO CONSERVAT / Juno standing, veiled, holding patera and sceptre.
4.27 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #127; Sear #9152.
RIC tentatively assigns this coin to Antioch, Sear assigns it to Rome (See RIC, vol. IV, part III, pages 54 and 64). Stylistically, this coin does not fit in with Rome and that is why RIC attributed it to Antioch. Curtis Clay recently suggested this coin is part of a small issue minted at a branch mint to produce coinage for Philip's Carpic campaign of 245-247. So at present, the mint for this coin is still open to question. Callimachus
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35. Otacilia Severa.Sestertius, ca 245 - 247 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: MARCIA OTACIL SEVERA AVG / Diademed bust of Severa.
Reverse: CONCORDIA AVGG / Concordia seated, holding patera and double cornucopiae.
21.84 gm., 30 mm.
RIC #203a; Sear #9164.Callimachus
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40. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 244 - 246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENT / Philip standing, holding globe and spear. Captive at his feet.
3.91 gm., 24 mm.
RIC #219; Sear 9241.Callimachus
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42. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 244 -246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENT / Philip standing, holding globe and spear.
3.80 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #218d; Sear #9240.Callimachus
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44. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 244 -246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENT / Philip standing, holding globe and transverse spear.
4.57 gm., 21.5 mm.
RIC #216c; Sear #9242.Callimachus
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45. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 244 -246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PIETAS AVGVSTOR / Sacrificial implements: sprinkler, simpulum, jug, knife, lituus.
4.49 gm., 23 mm.
RIC #215; Sear #9239.Callimachus
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46. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 244 -246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENT / Philip standing, holding globe and transverse spear. Soldier standing behind him.
4.61 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #217; Sear #9243.Callimachus
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47. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 246 -247 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENTVTIS / Philip standing, holding standard and spear.
4.00 gm., 22 mm.
RIC #220d; Sear #9240.Callimachus
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48. Philip II as Caesar.Antoninianus, ca 245 - 247AD, "Branch mint" (?)
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: IOVI CONSERVAT / Jupiter standing, holding thunderbolt and sceptre.
3.46 gm., 24.5 mm.
RIC #213; Sear #9238.
RIC and Sear both list this coin as being minted in Rome. RIC, however, has a footnote that it may be from Antioch. One of the reasons there is doubt about this coin (and the one of Marcia Otacilia Severa, RIC 127) is that there are no sestertii with the same reverse type -- something that happens with coins from the mint of Rome. Recent scholarship suggests this coin may be from a "branch mint" set up to produce coinage for Philip's Carpic Campaign of 245-47.Callimachus
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50. Philip II as Caesar.Sestertius, ca 244 -246 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: M IVL PHILIPPVS CAES / Bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PRINCIPI IVVENT / Philip standing, holding globe and spear.
18.04 gm., 30.5 mm.
RIC #256; Sear #9349.Callimachus
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51. Philip II as Caesar.A comparison of the portrait of Philip II on the previous sestertius, and the marble bust of Philip II in the Capitoline Museum, Rome.Callimachus
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60. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, ca 247 - 249 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PAX AETERNA / Pax standing, holding branch and transverse spear.
4.09 gm., 23 mm.
RIC #231c; Sear #9266.Callimachus
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62. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, 248 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: VIRTVS AVGG / Mars advancing, holding spear and trophy. Γ in left field.
4.16 gm, 21 mm.
RIC #223; Sear #9277.Callimachus
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64. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, ca 248 - 249 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: LIBERALITAS AVG III / Philip II and his father seated on curule chairs.
4.03 gm., 22.5 mm.
RIC #230; Sear #9265,Callimachus
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68. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, ca 247 - 249AD, Antioch mint.
Obverse: IMP IVL V PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PM TR P IIII COS P P / Felicitas standing, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae.
4.19 gm., 21 mm.
RIC #232; Sear #9268.
No coins were minted at Antioch for Philip II when he was Caesar. It is only after 247 when his father made him Augustus and co-emperor with himself do we find coins of Philip II being minted in Antioch. The dated reverse legends on the coins of both Philips from Antioch are a bit puzzling. Philip I was already COS II (247) and COS III (248), and these numbers are not shown on coins minted at Antioch. The Philip II coins of Antioch seem use the TR P numbers of his father. It is thought that perhaps the mint at Antioch was just copying reverse types from coins in general circulation (Aequitas, Felicitas, the temple & lion of the millennium series, etc.). If the mint personnel spoke Greek and did not fully understand what TR P, COS, and various Roman numerals actually meant, it is understandable how they could come up with legends that did not make sense.Callimachus
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70. Philip II as Augustus.Antoninianus, 249 AD, Antioch mint.
Obverse: IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG / Radiate bust of Philip II facing right.
Reverse: PM TR P VI COS P P / Radiate lion walking right.
4.40 gm., 21.5 mm.
RIC 238 / 239 var; Sear 9272 / 9273 var.
This is an apparently unpublished coin. The RIC / Sear numbers above refer to coins with the bust facing left & the lion walking right; or the bust facing right & the lion walking left. Roger Bland, in his unpublished listing of Roman imperial coins from Antioch, lists a coin with bust right & lion walking right (#97); however Curtis Clay at Harlan J Berk Ltd. feels there is an error in the listing of #97 and that it refers to a coin in Paris with a left-facing bust. Details can be found at the web site of Forum Ancient Coins (http://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/index.php?topic=47620.0).
The portrait on this coin is a superbly engraved portrait, but it is not the portrait of a 11 or 12 year old boy. A radiate lion is a symbol not often seen on Roman imperial coinage. It is associated with solar cults of the East and likely has the same meaning as the radiate crown on the emperor's portrait: the power and authority of the emperor is equated with the power and authority of the sun god. The radiate lion on this coin was certainly the invention of the mint of Antioch since the prototype on which this reverse is based -- the millennium coin with a lion on the reverse, RIC 12 -- is not a radiate lion. Callimachus
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75. Philip II as Augustus.Sestertius, ca 247-249 AD, Rome mint.
Obverse: IMP PHILIPPVS AVG / Laureate bust of Philip II.
Reverse: PAX AETERNA / Pax standing, holding branch and transverse spear. SC in fields.
22.70 gm., 29.5 mm.
RIC 268c; Sear 9281.Callimachus
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