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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270) Nercessian 364, Bedoukian 1406
AE 24 mm kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint.
Obv: King seated on bench-like throne adorned with lions, holding globus cruciger in left hand and fleur-de-lys scepter in right, +ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈ [Hetoum, Takavor Hayots = Hetoum, King of the Armenians].
Rev. Cross potent with lines in the quadrants, +ՇԻՆԵԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՆ Ի ՍԻՍ [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis].Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Nercessian 352, Bedoukian 1304
AE tank. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 6.96 g., 29.23 mm. max., 180°
Obv.: + ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ (=Hetowm Tagawor Hayots = Hetoum King of Armenians), King seated facing on a throne adorned with conventionalized lions, holding a scepter in the right hand and a globus cruciger in the left. Star in the field.
Rev.: ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ԳԱՂԱԳՍ Ի ՍԻՍ (= Shineal i kaghaks i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis), Potent cross with four stars in four quadrants and four pellets at the four cross arms.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum II (1289-1293)Nercessian 400, Bedoukian 1622
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 2.75 g., 20.81 mm. max., 270°
Obv.: + ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ Հ• (= Hetowm Tagawor Hayots = Hetoum King of Armenians), king seated on pillow, holding a staff in right hand and cross (or globe) in left (ՈՐ ligature).
Rev.: + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ԳԱՂԱԳՍ Ի ՍԻ (= Shineal i kaghaks i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis), Potent cross with four dots in four quadrants.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum II (1289-1293)Nercessian 398, Bedoukian 1592
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 3.73 g., 21.76 mm. max., 0°
Obv.: Crowned head of king with two curls, facing, + ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀՍՅՈ (= Hetowm Tagawor Hayots = Hetoum King of Armenians).
Rev.: Ornate cross with two bars, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ԳԱՂԱԳՆ Ի ՍԻՍ (= Shineal i kaghaks i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Class A Phase 5; Bedoukian Groups 221b-258b and 264-266, specifically 248 and 265, Plate III, 228 (for Group 221b-258b); cf. Nercessian 286; Metcalf Group II/C, Plate XII, 21
AR tram, 3.01 g., 22.41 mm. max., 270°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳ[ԱՒ]ՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ (= Lewon Tagawor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians), King seated on a throne ornamented with lion heads, feet resting on a footstool, wearing a crown and a royal mantel, holding a cross in the right hand and fleur-de-lis in the left.
Rev.:[Reverse C] + ԿԱՐՈՂՈՒԹԲՆ Ա[ՍՏ]ՈՒԾ [letter Ծ Type 6] (= Karogowt eambn astowtzoy = By the will of God), double-barred cross (Type 7c] with solid bar of pseudo-seriffed or wasted outline; dot beneath lower horizontal arm, 3 dots at the base of the shaft) entirely within circle between two lions [Type 5a] (boldly dotted mane but plain shoulder, three ribs), rampant, back-to-back, each with heads reverted. Artistic style.
The common tram of Levon I was struck during his entire reign, and probably for several years after his death until the coronation of Hetoum I as king (in 1226). According to Metcalf, the Bedoukian system (focusing on obverse inscriptions) is mechanical and not workable, and is a non-classification. According to Vardanyan, the Bedoukian system conflicts with observed die links. Metcalf focused on die comparisons. Vardanyan, also focusing on die comparisons, established a relative chronology for this coinage.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Group B; Nercessian 310 var. (rev. legend), Bedoukian 729 var. (obv. legend)
AE tank. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 7.91 g., 29.49 mm. max., 270°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՒՈՑ (= Lewon Tagawor Haywots = Levon, King of Armenians), leonine head of the king, five [?] dots on the crown, pendilium and hair represented by two curls surmounted by a dot, short row of two vertical dots below; and the mane/beard by three parallel rows of dots.
Rev.: + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՍ Ի ՍԻ [Type 1 letter Ք] (= Shineal i kaghakn i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis), patriarchal cross with five-pointed star on each side.
The sequence of issuance of the four groups is unknown.
Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vandanyan Class C Phase 1b ; Bedoukian Groups 267-283a, specifically 276 var. (no footstool); cf. Nercessian 288 var. (no footstool); Metcalf Group III/C, Plate XII, 24
AR tram/drachm, 3.20 g., 22.98 mm. max., 270°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ (= Lewon Tagawor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians), King wearing a crown and a royal mantel, holding a cross in the right hand and fleur-de-lis in the left, seated on a throne ornamented with lion heads, his left foot turned outward, no footstool.
Rev.: [Reverse C]: + ԿԱՐՈՂՈՒԹԲՆ ԱՍՏՈՒԾ [letter Ծ Type 6] (= Karogowt eambn astowtzoy = By the will of God), double-barred cross [Type 7c] (with outlined bar of pseudo-seriffed or wasted outline; 3 dots at the base of the shaft) entirely within circle between two lions [Type 5a] (boldly dotted mane but plain shoulder, three ribs), rampant, back-to-back, each with heads reverted. Reverse artistic style.
The obverse and reverse inscriptions and long-cross are a match for Bedoukian 276 (King's left foot turned outward, but footstool), B. 248 (but left foot not facing outward, and footstool), and B. 265 (long-cross entirely within circle, but left foot not facing outward, and footstool). None are listed with any inscription combination with both the left foot facing outward and no footstool except those with the king holding the lily in his right hand and the cross in his left (B. 662f and B. 665c-672). As such, it is not an exact match to any, and closest to B. 276.
The common tram of Levon I was struck during his entire reign, and probably for several years after his death until the coronation of Hetoum I as king (in 1226). According to Metcalf, the Bedoukian system (focusing on obverse inscriptions) is mechanical and not workable, and is a non-classification. According to Vardanyan, the Bedoukian system conflicts with observed die links. Metcalf focused on die comparisons. Vardanyan, also focusing on die comparisons, established a relative chronology for this coinage.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Group hdd2, Bedoukian Group 43-67, specifically 54-55, Plate II, 49 (different field mark); Nercessian 274, Plate 20, 274.
AR half double tram/dram (average weight 2.69 g.; average AR content 95%); 2.86 g., 22.23 mm. max., 90°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ (= Lewon Tagawor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians), King seated on a throne ornamented with lions with elongated foreparts, wearing a crown and royal mantle on his shoulders; holding a cross in the right hand and fleur-de-lis with globular base in the left; feet on footstool.
Rev.: + ԿԱՐՈՂՈՒԹԲՆ ԱՍՏՒԾՈՑ [letter Ծ Type 2b] (= Karogowt eambn astowtzoy = By the will of God), lion crowned standing left holding a cross with two bars, forepaw in profile, field mark to left.
The field mark is most likely the mark of the die maker.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Group D; Nercessian 303 var. (rev. legend), Bedoukian 746 var. (rev. legend, per 737)
AE tank. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 7.14 g., 29.63 mm. max., 180°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՒՈ (= Lewon Tagawor Haywots = Levon, King of Armenians), leonine head of the king, six dots on the crown, pendilium and hair represented by vertical row of three large dots; and the mane/beard by an irregular juxtaposition of smaller dots.
Rev: + ՇԻՆՍԼ Ի ՔԱՂՍՔՍ Ի ՍԻՍ [Type 4 letter Ք] (= Shineal i kaghakn i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis), patriarchal cross with six-pointed star on each side.
The sequence of issuance of the four groups is unknown.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Group C; Nercessian 304 var. (obv. legend), Bedoukian 720 var. (obv. legend)
AE tank. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 6.80 g., 28.19 mm. max., 180°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ׀ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՒՈՑ (= Lewon Tagawor Haywots = Levon, King of Armenians), leonine head of the king, seven dots on the crown, pendilium and hair represented by vertical row of six dots; and the mane/beard by a semi-irregular juxtaposition of dots.
Rev: + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՍ Ի ՍԻՍ [Type 2 letter Ք] (= Shineal i kaghakn i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis), patriarchal cross with five-pointed star on each side.
There are three varieties of the obverse legend among the Group C coins in the collection of the History Museum of Armenia. The obverse legend on this coin, which bears a letter/symbol between the words ԼԵՒՈՆ and ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ, is not represented. This obverse letter variation is also not recorded in Bedoukian and Nercessian.
The sequence of issuance of the four groups is unknown.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon III (1301-1307) Nercessian 432, Bedoukian 1821
AE 20 mm kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint.
Obv: King seated in oriental fashion, holding cross in right hand and staff in left, +ԼԵՒՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅ [Levon, Takavor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians].
Rev. Cross potent, +ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔ Ի Ս [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis].
Note: ՈՐ ligature on obverse.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Gosdantin IV (1365-1373)Nercessian 492, Bedoukian 2171a or 2173 var.
AR takvoran, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 1.98 g., 20.95 mm. max., 270°.
Obv: King on horseback riding right, a mace extending over his shoulder, +ԿՈՍՏԸՆԴԻՆ ԹԱԳԱՌ ... (= Gosdantin [but spelled Gosdentin] King of the Armenians), field mark Լ between hind legs.
Rev. Lion walking right and facing, behind him an ornate cross, +ՇԻՆԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՆ Ի ՍԻՍ (Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Gosdantin/Constantine I (1298-1299)Nercessian 417-18 var., Bedoukian 1730
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 1.99 g., 20.18 mm. max., 0°
Obv: King standing, facing, wearing royal vestments, holding cross in left hand and sword in right hand, +ԿՈՍՏԱՆԴ -- ԻԱՆՈՍ Թ[ԱԳ] with the ՈՍ ligate (= Gosdantin King).
Rev. Ornate cross with dots at ends of three of the arms, ՇԻՆԵԼ Գ[ԱՂ]ԱԳՆ ՍԻՍ Է (Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).
Nercessian rarity for type 7R/rare (less than 62 known)
Gosdantin was one of the sons of Levon/Leo II (1270-1289). In 1296 his brother, King Hetoum II (1289-1303) placed Armenia under the regency of their brother Smpad, and traveled to Constantinople for the wedding of their sister to the Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaeologus. During his absence Smpad (1296-1298) usurped the throne with the aid of Gosdantin. Hetoum was imprisoned upon his return and was partially blinded. Gosdantin then turned against Smpad, usurped the throne for himself, imprisoned Smpad and freed Hetoum. In 1299, Hetoum ousted Gosdantin and again resumed the crown. Smpad and Gosdantin were imprisoned for the rest of their lives. Gosdantin ruled for less than a year.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Bedoukian Group III, 1096 var. (reverse legend); cf. Nercessian 337
AR tram/drachm (average weight 2.96 grams; average purity 92%), 2.90 g., 20.10 mm, max, 0°.
Obv: + ԿԱՐՈՂՈ – ԹԻՆ ԱՅ Է (= Garoghout Iun Aye = By the Will of God), Queen Zabel (left and King Hetoum right crowned and wearing royal vestments, standing and facing, both holding a long cross, dot on cross.
Rev: ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈ ՀԱ (= Hetoum Takavor Hayots = Hetoum King of the Armenians), crowned lion walking right with left paw raised, cross behind lion.
The obverse showing the king and queen openly acknowledges the fact that Zabel was of royal lineage and that Hetoum was her consort. Although Zabel died in 1252, Hetoum continued to strike coins with this design until his resignation in 1270.
The obverse inscription and long cross are a match for Bedoukian 1095-1098. The final word of the reverse inscription in this sequence becomes progressively shorter, from ՀԱՅՐ (on B. 1095) to ՀԱՅ (on B. 1096) to just Հ (on B. 1098). There is no ՀԱ (this coin) which would correspond to the missing catalog number B. 1097 in the sequence.
The coins are divided by Bedoukian into seven groups (as well as a transitional period), with the numbering of the groups based on the order of issue. Although critical of Bedoukian's classification of the trams of Levon I, Metcalf approves his classification of the Hetoum I trams.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Nercessian 364, Bedoukian 1415
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 3.42 g., 22.14 mm. max.,270°
Obv: King seated on bench-like throne adorned with lions, holding globus cruciger in left hand and fleur-de-lys scepter in right, +ՀԵԹ[ՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒ]ՈՐ ՀԱՅ [Hetoum, Takavor Hayots = Hetoum, King of the Armenians].
Rev. Cross potent with lines in the quadrants, +ՇԻՆ[ԵԼ Ի Ք]ԱՂԱՔՆ Ի ՍԻՍ [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis].Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Nercessian 363, Bedoukian 1394 or 1411-1412
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 2.62 g., 21.63 mm. max.,180°
Obv: King seated on bench-like throne, holding globus cruciger in left hand and fleur-de-lys scepter in right, star in field, [+ՀԵԹ]ՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱ[ՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՅ] (=Hetoum, Takavor Hayots = Hetoum, King of the Armenians].
Rev. Cross potent with crescent in first (upper right) quadrant and lines in the other quadrants, [+]ՇԻՆԵԱԼ [Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՆ Ի ՍԻՍ] (=Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270) Bedoukian Group I, 878; cf. Nercessian 332
AR tram (average weight 2.96 grams; average purity 92%), 2.82 g., 20.78 mm, max, 0°.
Obv: ԿԱՐՈՂՈԹ – ԻՆՆ ԱՅ Է (= Garoghout Iun Aye = By the Will of God), Queen Zabel left and King Hetoum right crowned and wearing royal vestments, standing and facing, both holding a long cross, star on cross.
Rev: ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈ° (ՈՐ ligate) (= Hetoum Takavor Hayots = Hetoum King of the Armenians), crowned lion standing right holding long cross with left paw.
The obverse showing the king and queen openly acknowledges the fact that Zabel was of royal lineage and that Hetoum was her consort. Although Zabel died in 1252, Hetoum continued to strike coins with this design until his resignation in 1270.
The coins are divided by Bedoukian into seven groups (as well as a transitional period), with the numbering of the groups based on the order of issue. Although critical of Bedoukian's classification of the trams of Levon I, Metcalf approves his classification of the Hetoum I trams.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Bedoukian Group V, 1220 ; cf. Nercessian 342
AR tram (average weight 2.91 grams; average purity 83%), 2.82 g., 22.37 mm, max, 0°.
Obv: ԿԱՐՈՂՈԻ – ԹԻՆՆ ԱՅ Է (= Garoghout Iun Aye = By the Will of God), Queen Zabel left and King Hetoum right crowned and wearing royal vestments, standing and facing, both holding a long cross, no dot or star on cross.
Rev: ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅ (ՈՐ ligate) (= Hetoum Takavor Hayots = Hetoum King of the Armenians), crowned lion walking right with left paw raised, star below lion and cross behind.
The obverse showing the king and queen openly acknowledges the fact that Zabel was of royal lineage and that Hetoum was her consort. Although Zabel died in 1252, Hetoum continued to strike coins with this design until his resignation in 1270.
The coins are divided by Bedoukian into seven groups (as well as a transitional period), with the numbering of the groups based on the order of issue. Although critical of Bedoukian's classification of the trams of Levon I, Metcalf approves his classification of the Hetoum I trams.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum I (1226-1270)Nercessian 359 var., Bedoukian 1387-88 var.
AE (equestrian) kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 5.16 g., 23.19 mm. max.,90°
Obv: King on horseback facing right, wearing a crown and holding a scepter in his right hand which extends over his right shoulder, two dots in field, +[ՀԵԹՈՒՄ Թ]ԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅ (= Hetoum, Takavor Hayots = Hetoum, King of the Armenians).
Rev. Cross potent with lines in quadrants, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ [Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՆ Ի] Ս (=Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).
Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum II (1289-1293)Nercessian 401, Bedoukian 1642
AE 20 mm kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint.
Obv: King seated in oriental fashion on an invisible pillow or on floor. King's vestment is folded between two knees. Left hand raised holding cross and right hand holding mace which extends over his right shoulder, +[ՀԵԹ]ՈՒՄ ԹԱ[ԳԱ]Ւ [Hetoum, Takavor Hayots = Hetoum, King of the Armenians].
Rev. Cross potent, +[Շ]ԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՍԻՍ [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis].Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Hetoum II (first reign 1289-1293)Nercessian 398 var., Bedoukian 1611/1612 var.
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 4.46 g., 24.65 mm. max., 180°
Obv.: Crowned head of king with two star pendants, facing, + ՀԵԹՈՒՄ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈ (= Hetowm Tagawor Hayots = Hetoum King of Armenians).
Rev.: Ornate cross with two bars, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ԳԱՂԱԳՆ Ի ՍԻՍ (= Shineal i kaghaks i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis).
Nercessian rarity for type 3R/relatively common (less than 1,000 known)
Hetoum succeeded to the throne in 1289 upon the death of his father, Levon/Leo II (1270-1289). At the time, Armenia was balanced between friendly relations with the Christian Europeans and Byzantine Empire, aggression from the Turkish Sultanate of Rum, a vassal relationship with the Mongol Empire, and incursions from the Mamluks. In 1293, Hetoun abdicated in favor of his brother Toros III (1293-1295) and entered a Franciscan monastery, although he remained active in the politics of the kingdom. In 1295, Toros asked Hetoum to resume the throne to help renew the Mongol alliance against the Mamluks. In 1296, Hetoum and Toros placed Armenia under the regency of their brother Smpad, and traveled to Constantinople for the wedding of their sister to the Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaeologus. During their absence Smpad (1296-1298) usurped the throne with the aid of another brother, Gosdantin/Constantine. Hetoum and Toros imprisoned upon their return. Hetoum was partially blinded and Toros was murdered. Gosdantin (1298-1299) then turned against Smpad, usurped the throne for himself, imprisoned Smpad and freed Hetoum. In 1299, Hetoum ousted Gosdantin and again resumed the crown. In 1303 he again abdicated and entered a monastery, passing the crown to Thoros's teenaged son, Levon/Leo III (1303-1307), but retaining the office of Regent. Hetoum and Levon were slaughtered by the Mongols while guests at the Mongol court, and Hetoum’s brother Oshin (1308-1320) assumed the throne.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon I, the Great (1199-1219)Vardanyan Group A; Nercessian 308; Bedoukian 716
AE tank. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 6.89 g., 27.92 mm. max., 180°
Obv: + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՒՈՑ (= Lewon T'agawor Haywoc' = Levon, King of Armenians), leonine head of the king, crown with row of six dots, pendilium and hair represented by single curl and a row of four vertical dots below; and the mane/beard represented by two horizontal rows of dots.
Rev.: + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՍ Ի ՍԻՍ [Type 1 letter Ք (without horizontal strokes)] (= Šineal i k'ałak's i sis = Struck in the city of Sis), patriarchal cross with five-pointed star on each side.
There are four varieties of the obverse legend among the Group A coins in the collection of the History Museum of Armenia (the "HRH"). The obverse legend on this coin is represented by 7 dies (39 coins), but this coin is not a die match with any of them. There are five varieties of the reverse legend among the Group A coins in the HRH collection. The reverse legend on this coin is represented by 12 dies (16 coins), but this coin is not a die match with any of them.
The sequence of issuance of the four groups is unknown.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon II (1270-1289)Nercessian 387; Bedoukian --
AE kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 4.36 g., 25.09 mm. max., 0°
Obv: Lion walking left, + ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈ (= Lewon Tagawor Haywots = Levon, King of Armenians) (clockwise legend).
Rev: Cross with six-pointed star in first quadrant and five-pointed stars in all other quadrants, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՍ Ի Ս ׀ (= Shineal i kaghakn i Sis = Struck in the city of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon II (1270-1289)Nercessian – (struck on Nercessian 373 dies); Bedoukian 1530 (struck on Bedoukian 1495 dies)
AR half new tram (struck on new tram dies). Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint. 1.35 g., 16.23 mm. max., 180°
Obv: King on horseback to right, holding reigns in left hand and cross with one arm extending over his right shoulder.
Rev: Crowned lion to right with left paw holding a cross with one arm.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon III (1301-1307)Nercessian 432, Bedoukian 1817a
AE kardez, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 2.71 g., 19.53 mm. max., 270°.
Obv: King seated in oriental fashion, holding cross in right hand and staff in left, +ԼԵՒՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ (Levon, Takavor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians).
Rev. Cross potent, with dots, +ՇԻՆԵԱ[Լ Ի ՔԱՂ]Ա' (Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).
Note: ՈՐ ligature on obverse. Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon III (1301-1307)Nercessian 419, Bedoukian 1743
AR takvoran, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 2.49 g., 20.59 mm. max., 270°.
Obv: King on horseback riding right, holding reins with his left hand and with a cross in his right extending over his shoulder, three dots (inverted pyramid, oriented somewhat intermediately) to left of king, +ԼԵՒՈՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ (Levon, Takavor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians).
Rev: Lion without claws walking right and facing right, behind him a cross with one arm, dot in left field, +ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔՆ ՍԻ (Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon III (1301-1307)Nercessian 431, Bedoukian 1826 ff.
AE kardez, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 3.94 g., 21.62 mm. max., 90°.
Obv: King seated on a bench-like throne, holding cross in right hand and staff in left, ԼԵՒՆ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ... (Levon, Takavor Hayots = Levon, King of the Armenians).
Rev. Cross potent, with lines, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂ... (Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon IV (1320-1342)Nercessian 463[?], Bedoukian 1997[?]
AE 18 mm pogh. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint.
Obv: + Լ[ԵՒՈՆ Թ]ԱԳԱՒՈՐ Հ [Levon Takavor Hayots = Levon King of the Armenians], king holding staff in right hand which extends over shoulder, cross in left hand, throne decorated with lions.
Rev: .+ [ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի] ՔԱՂԱ_ [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis], plain cross potent.
Due to the state of preservation, much of the legends are illegible and the obverse device lost, but from the size of the coin and the portions of the legends that are legible, it can be tentatively attributed.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon V Lusignan (1374-1375)Nercessian 505-507 var.; Bedoukian 2244 var.
AE pogh.1.01 g., 17.30 mm. max., 0°
Obv: Lion of Cyprus walking right, + Ô¼ÔµÕ’ÕˆÕ† Ô¹Ô±Ô³Ô±Õ’ (= Lewon Tagawor = Levon, King).
Rev: Simple Latin cross, uncertain legend.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Levon V Lusignan (1374-1375) Nercessian 501; Bedoukian 2238
Billon denier; .61 g., 14.15 mm. max., 180°
Obv: Crowned bust, facing, [+ ԿԱ]ՐՈՂՈՒԹԲ[Ն ԱՍ or ԱՑ] (= Lewon Tagawor = Levon, King)
Rev: Cross with lines in four quadrants, [+ ԿԱ]ՐՈՂՈՒԹԲ]Ն ԱՍ or ԱՑ] (= Karogowt eambn astowtzoy = By the will of God).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Oshin (1308-1320)Nercessian 441, Bedoukian 1880 var.
AR takvoran, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 2.46 g., 20.65 mm. max., 270°.
Obv: King on horseback riding right, holding reigns with his left hand, and with his right a mace extending over his shoulder, + ԱՒՇԻՆ ԹԱԳ[ԱՒՈՐ] ՀԱՅՈ (= Avshin Takavor Hay = Oshin King of the Armenians), field mark retrograde Յ behind king, pellet beneath horse.
Rev. Lion walking right and facing right, behind him a cross with one arm, + ՇԻՆԵ[ԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂ]ԱՔՆ ՍԻ [ՍԻ ligate], (= Shineal I Kaghakn Sis = Struck in the City of Sis), pellet behind lion.Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Oshin (1308-1320)Nercessian 448-449, Bedoukian 1936a ff.
AE pogh, Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint, 1.55 g., 17.74 mm. max., 90°.
Obv: King seated on bench-like thrown, holding cross in right hand and fleur de lis in left hand, [+ ԱՒՇԻՆ ԹԱԳ]Ա[ՒՈՐ Հ]ԱՅ(= Avshin Takavor Hay = Oshin King of the Armenians).
Rev. Ornate cross with spokes between arms, + ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱ[Ղ]ԱՔՆ ՍԻՍ] (= Shineal I Kaghakn Sis = Struck in the City of Sis).Stkp
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Cilician Armenia. Smpad (1296-1298)Nercessian 412 var. (legends), Bedoukian 1678-1723
AE 21 mm kardez. Sis (now Kozan, Turkey) mint.
Obv: + ՍՄԲԱՏ ԹԱԳԱՒՈՐ ՀԱՅՈՑ [Smpad Takvor Hayots = Smpad King of the Armenians], king on horseback, riding to the right, holding reigns in left hand and mace with right hand extending over his right shoulder.
Rev: .+ ՇԻՆԵԱԼ Ի ՔԱՂԱՔ Ի ՍԻՍ [Shineal I Kaghakn I Sis = Struck in the City of Sis], cross potent with four doves flying inward.
Patterened after the bilingual trams of Hetoum I.
Due to the strike and state of preservation, much of the legends are illegible, but undoubtedly an abbreviated form of the full legends appearing above. From the portions that are legible, it can be tentatively limited to Bedoukian 1710-1715a.Stkp
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