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Victorinus- SALVS AVGVictorinus, summer to November 268 - mid 271 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate cuirassed bust right
IMP: Imperator, leader of the army
C: Caes
VICTORINVS: Victorinus
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SALVS AVG, the divine health
SALVS: Salus
AVG: Divine
Salus standing right feeding serpents in arms
Domination: Bronze antoninianus, AE 3, Size 19 mm.
Mint: Cologne mint, RIC 122, Zschucke 211 (7. emission, 1. officinae).
Peter Wissing
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Vespasian- VICTORIA AVGVST S CVespasian, 1 July 69 - 24 June 79 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head right
IMP CAES VESP AVG COS III
IMP: Imperator, general
CAESAR: Caesar, emperor
VESP: Vespasian
AVG: Augustus, emperor
COS: Consul
III: 3 rd time
Reverse:
VICTORIA AVGVST S C,The emperors victory- By decree of the Senate
VICTORIA: Victory
AVGVST: Augusti
S—C: Senatus Consulto, By decree of the senate
Victory advancing right on prow holding palm across shoulder in left and wreath in right
Domination: Copper as, size 28 mm
Mint: Rome, RIC 503; C. 632; BMC 616; BN 595.
Peter Wissing
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Valerian I- SolValerian I, c. September 253 - April, May or June 260 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP C P LIC VALERIANVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator, leader of the troops or general.
C: Caesar, usually means a junior in rank to Augustus and is usually designated as the heir apparent.
P: Princeps, means leader, or the first among equals, but carries the meaning of Prince or Caesar.
LIC: Licinius, one of his given names.
VALERIANVS: Valerianus
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
ORIENS AVGG
ORIENS: Rising sun
AVGG: Augustus, emperors
Sol advancing left, raising right hand and holding whip in left
Domination: Bronze/ Billion Antoninianus, size 20 mm.
Mint: Rome, Göbl, in MIR 36, catalogs it as 110b, mint of Rome. Poor quality billon rather than bronze, though the color may have browned over the years. Officina ??
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian I- SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAEValentinian I, 25 February 364 - 17 November 375 A.D.
Obverse
D N VALENTINI-ANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENTINIANVS P F AVG
D N: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENTINIANVS: Valentianus
P F: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse
SECVRITAS - REIPVBLICAE, Victory advancing left, wreath in right, palm frond in left
Across field: * / P left, M right
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
Bronze AE 3, diameter 16.5 mm
The exergue:
ΔSISC, Siscia Δ= Delta fourth Officina gamma
ΓSISC, Siscia Γ= Gamma third oficina
Minted year: 24 Aug 367 - 17 Nov 375 A.D
Comment:
Mint is Siscia, but I cant make out the exe:
ΔSISC, Siscia Δ= Delta fourth Officina gamma
ΓSISC, Siscia Γ= Gamma third oficina
looks like Mintmark XVII on ric 9 page 141.
in the footnote he says he s noted a Β SIS.
it could be a ε SIS , which would make it a not in RIC
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian II- SALVS REI PVBLICAEValentinian II, 17 November 375 - 15 May 392 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right.
DN VALENTINI - ANVS PF AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENTINIANVS: Valentinian
PF, PIUS FELIX, piteous and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SALVS REI PVBLICAE, Health of the republic
SALVS: Health
REI PVBLICAE: Republic
Victory advancing left, holding standard over shoulder and dragging captive
Domination: Copper, AE4, size 12 mm
Mint: Aquileia or Rome .
Comment:
This is the SALVS REI PVBLICAE type. This type was not struck for Valentininan I but only for Valentininan II. (and Theodosius I, Arcadius and Honorius). IF the obv. legend of the coin is broken DN VALENTINI - ANVS PF AVG then the mint is Aquileia or Rome. All other mints have unbroken obv. legends.
Source: Guido Bruck, Die spätrömische Kupferprägung, Graz/Austria 1961
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian II- Reparatio ReipublicaeValentinian II, 17 November 375 - 15 May 392 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
DN VALENTIANVS PF AVG
DN: Dominus Noster
Valentianvs: Valentianus
PF, PIUS FELIX,
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
REPARATIO REIPUBLICAE, restore the republic
REPARATIO: Restore
REIPUBLICAE: Republic
Emperor standing half left, raising kneeling turreted woman with right hand and holding Victory on globe in left.
Domination: Copper, AE2, size 24 mm
Mint: SMAQ ( Aquileia) P (Prima Oficina). Minted 378-383, RIC IX Aquileia 30c.
Comment:
The quick way to tell Val I from Val II Is Val I has a fatter rounder head.
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian I- SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAEValentinian I, 25 February 364 - 17 November 375 A.D.
Valentinian I was proclaimed emperor shortly after the death of Jovian in 364 A.D. Taking command of the Western provinces, Valentinian spent most of his reign combating the barbarian invasions along the Rhine frontier
Obverse:
Pearl diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENTINIANVS P F AVG
D N: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENTINIANVS: Valentianus
P F: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, The security of the republic
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm.
Domination: Copper AE3, size 17 mm
Mint: Asis, Siscia A= Alpha First Officina.
Comment:
Mint is Siscia, but I cant make out the control marks on the fields, so it could be RIC 7a or RIC 15a
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian I- Gloria RomanorvmValentinian I, 25 February 364 - 17 November 375 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
DN VALENTINI-ANVS PF AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENTINI-ANVS: Valentianus
PF: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
GLORIA RO-MANORVM Z B across fields, The glory of Rome
GLORIA: Glory
RO-MANORVM: Rome
Z: Serie number
B: Beta, second Officina
Emperor advancing right, head left and dragging captive with right hand, holding (labarum) standard decorated with chi-rho in left
Domination: Bronze AE 3, size 20 mm
Mint: TES, Thessalonica, B= Beta second Officina.
RIC IX, Thessalonica 26(a); C.12. Then the r. revers field is not only A but should be star above B, making it a type xxxv of #26(a). Dated 24 Aug. AD 367-17 Nov. AD 375; rarity scarce.
Peter Wissing
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Valentinian I- Reparatio ReipvblicaeValentinian I, 25 February 364 - 17 November 375 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP VALENTIANVS PF AVG
IMP, Imperator
DIOCLETIANVS, Diocletianus
PF, PIUS FELIX,
AVG: Augustus
Reverse:
REPARATIO REIPUBLICAE
REPARATIO: Restoretion
REIPUBLICAE: Republic
Showing: Emperor holding with his left hand a woman i her hand, and holding Victoria with globe in his right hand
Domination: Follis, Copper, size 23 mm
Mint: SMAQ ( Aquileia) P (Prima Oficina)
Peter Wissing
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Valens- GLORIA ROMANORVMValens, 28 March 364 - 9 August 378 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENS: Valens
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse :
GLORIA ROMANORVM, The glory of the Romans
GLORIA: Glory
ROMANORUM: The Romans
A: Alfa, first Officina
Emperor advancing right, looking left, dragging captive with right, standard in left
Diameter: Bronze AE 3, 18.mm
Mint: SMAQP = Aquileia, first officina. RIC IX 7(b)i(a)
Peter Wissing
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Valens SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAEObverse:
Pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENS P F AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENS: Valens
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, the security of the republic
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm,
Domination: Bronze, AE 3, Size 17 mm.
Mint: Constantinople and it reads CONSP[?] A, B etc. RIC IX Constantinople 21b
Peter Wissing
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Valens SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAEObverse:
Pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENS P F AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENS: Valens
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, the security of the republic
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
in the left field of the reverse it is either an A or delta
Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm
Domination: Bronze, AE 3, Size 16 mm.
Mint: mintmark, but it looks like 4-5 letters, so I am thinking Aquileia
Peter Wissing
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Valens- SECVRITAS REIPUBLICAEValens, 28 March 364 - 9 August 378 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENS P F AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENS: Valens
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, the security of the republic
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm, star in left field and an A beneath.
Domination: Bronze, AE 3, Size 16 mm.
Mint: DASISC which is the Siscia and A is 1.st Officina. The * over A places the minting during 364-367. RIC IX Siscia 7b, type vii, number 1297 in Late Roman Bronze Coinage, Vol. 2.
Comment: As to why it is Valens and not Valentinian I. First the inscription on the obverse looks too short to be Valentinian. Second Valens used the A officinae at this time for the Securitas Reipublicae coins at this time while Valentinian used the mint.
Peter Wissing
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Valens SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAEValens, 28 March 364 - 9 August 378 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
D N VALENS P F AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, our lord
VALENS: Valens
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE, the security of the republic
SECVRITAS: Security
REIPVBLICAE: Republic
Victory advancing left holding wreath and palm, wreath in left and Star in right field
Domination: Bronze, AE 3, Size 16 mm.
Mint: ALE, Officina ?, RIC IX Constantinople 42b rated common for all officina.
Peter Wissing
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Trebonianus PAX AETERNATrebonianus Gallus, June or July 251 - July or August 253 A.D.
Radiate bust right
Obverse: IMP C C VIB TREB GALLVS AVG: Imperator Caesar Caius Vibius Trebonianus Gallus Augustus
IMP: Imperator, supreme army commander
C: Caesar
C: Caius
VIB: Vibivs
TREB: Trebonianus
Gallvs: Gallus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse: PAX AETERNA
Pax: Peace
Aeterna: Eternal
Pax standing left holding branch and scepter
Domination: Silver antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: Roma, special edition, 6th officina, end 252 CE, RIC 71, (CBG ; Rome XVII, n¡126502)
Comment: The CGB catalogues make interesting attempts to reconstruct the coinage, but are of course heavily dependent on earlier attempts, and by no means always propose the best solutions
Peter Wissing
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Trajan NikeTrajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate head right
KAICAP-TPAIANOC
KAICAP: Caesar, Imperator (Emperor)
TPAIANOC: Trajan
Reverse:
ΘECCAΛON-IKEWN
ΘECCAΛON-IKEWN (Thessalonica Nike)
Nike advancing right, holding palm-branch and wreath
Domination: Bronze AE 25,size 25 mm.
Mint: MACEDON, Thessalonica, A.D. 98-117
Peter Wissing
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Trajan FELICITAS AVGVSTTrajan, 25 January 98 - 8 or 9 August 117 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate bust right, draped far shoulder
IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P COS V P P
IMP: Imperator
TRAIANO: Trajan
AVG: Augustus
GER: Grmanicus
DAC: Dacicus (Honorary title for a Dacian victory)
P M: Pontifix Maximus, (Head of the priests)
TR P: Tribunicia Potestate, (The tribunician power, the emperor as civil head of the state.)
COS V P P : consul for the fifth time, Pater Patriae
Reverse:
FELICITAS AVGVST
The happiness of the emperor
FELICITAS: The happiness
AVGVST: Emperor
Felicitas with caduceus in right hand
Domination: Copper, size 19 mm.
Mint: Rom
Peter Wissing
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Theodosius I- VOT X MVLT XXTheodosius I, 19 January 379 - 17 January 395 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
D N THEODOSIVS P F AVG
D N: Dominus Noster, our Lord
THEODOSIVS: Theodosius
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse
VOT X MVLT XX in wreath
VOT X MVLT XX in wreath= 'Votis decennalibus (solutis), , Vows of the ten years, or the tenth year, and expecting 20 years more.
Domination: Bronze AE 4, size 13 mm
Mint: SMHA, Heraclea A= Alpha 1. Officina, 378- 383, RIC 192
Vota (plural of votum). A vow made to a god in order to obtain a divine favour stipulated in advance. The granting of the request obliged the vower to fulfil his promise. This usually took the form of a sacrifice to the deity or an offering to his (or her) temple. Public vota in Imperial times were normally for the welfare of the emperor over a stated period of time (five or ten years) and were regularly undertaken (vota suscepta) and hopefully paid (vota soluta). Sometimes they were more specific, relating to the safety of the emperor on a particularly hazardous journey or military campaign, or the current state of his health. The undertaking and fulfillment of these public vows was frequently recorded on the coinage and in the late Empire especially may provide useful evidence for the chronological arrangement of issues.
Peter Wissing
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Theodosius I- SALVS REIPUBLICAETheodosius I, 19 January 379 - 17 January 395 A.D.
Obverse:
Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right
D N THEODOSIVS P F AVG
D N: Dominus Noster, our Lord
THEODOSIVS: Theodosius
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse
SALVS REI-PVBLICAE, The health of the republic
SALVS: The health
REI-PVBLICAE: republic
Victory advancing left, carrying trophy and dragging captive
Domination: Bronze AE 4, size 13 mm
Mint: Perhaps SMK in exe Cyzikus, struck 28 Aug 388 - 15 May 392 A.D. RIC 26(b). Perhaps P left.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus II- SPES PVBLICATetricus II, Caesar mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
The words CVS CAES being visible in front of the radiate bust of the youthful, unbearded male.
CVS CAES
CVS: C. Pivs Esuvius
CAES: Caes
C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES IMP
C: Caius
PIV: Pius
ESV: Esuvius
TETRICVS: Tetricus
Caes: Caes
IMP: Imperator
Reverse:
SPES PVBLICA
SPES: Hope
PVBLICA: Repulic
Showing: Spes advancing left, holding flower in right and raising skirt with left.
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 18 mm
Mint: Gallic???
Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus II was the son of the Governor of Aquitaine, in the breakaway Gallo-Roman Empire (Gaul, Spain, and Britain) established by Postumus. After Victorinus, the successor to Postumus, was murdered, Tetricus' father was acclaimed Tetricus I, Augustus. His father later elevated the young Caius to Caesar, but their reign was cut short, peacefully, when Tetricus deserted his own troops to surrender to Aurelian. In gratitude, Aurelian later restored Tetricus I as a Senator, and even installed him as Governor of Lucania, and Tetricus II returned to normal life, as a private citizen.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus II- SPES REBVPLICATetricus II, Caesar mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
The words CVS CAES being visible in front of the radiate bust of the youthful, unbearded male.
C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES IMP
C: Caius
PIV: Pius
ESV: Esuvius
TETRICVS: Tetricus
Caes: Caes
IMP: Imperator
Reverse:
SPES PVBLICA
SPES: Hope
PVBLICA: Republic
Showing: Spes advancing left, holding flower in right and raising skirt with left.
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 18 mm
Mint: Gallic???
Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus II was the son of the Governor of Aquitaine, in the breakaway Gallo-Roman Empire (Gaul, Spain, and Britain) established by Postumus. After Victorinus, the successor to Postumus, was murdered, Tetricus' father was acclaimed Tetricus I, Augustus. His father later elevated the young Caius to Caesar, but their reign was cut short, peacefully, when Tetricus deserted his own troops to surrender to Aurelian. In gratitude, Aurelian later restored Tetricus I as a Senator, and even installed him as Governor of Lucania, and Tetricus II returned to normal life, as a private citizen.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus II- SPES AVGGTetricus II, Caesar mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES
C: Caius
PIV: Pius
ESV: Esuvius
TETRICVS: Tetricus
CAES: Ceasar
Reverse:
SPES AVGG
SPES: Hope
AVGG: More than one emperor
Spes advancing left holding flower and raising drapery
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 18 mm
Mint: Treveri (Trier), RIC 270.
Comment:
Gallic, if the bust is radiate, draped and cuirassed then the mint is probably Trier. If the bust is radiate and cuirassed only then the mint is probably Cologne.
Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus II was the son of the Governor of Aquitaine, in the breakaway Gallo-Roman Empire (Gaul, Spain, and Britain) established by Postumus. After Victorinus, the successor to Postumus, was murdered, Tetricus' father was acclaimed Tetricus I, Augustus. His father later elevated the young Caius to Caesar, but their reign was cut short, peacefully, when Tetricus deserted his own troops to surrender to Aurelian. In gratitude, Aurelian later restored Tetricus I as a Senator, and even installed him as Governor of Lucania, and Tetricus II returned to normal life, as a private citizen.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus II- Spes PublicaTetricus II, Caesar mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
The words CVS CAES being visible in front of the radiate bust of the youthful, unbearded male.
C PIV ESV TETRICVS CAES IMP
C: Caius
PIV: Pius
ESV: Esuvius
TETRICVS: Tetricus
Caes: Caes
IMP: Imperator
Reverse:
SPES PVBLICA
SPES: Hope
PVBLICA: Republic
Showing: Spes advancing left, holding flower in right and raising skirt with left.
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 18 mm
Mint: Trier mint, struck 251-253 AD. RIC 272, Cohen 97.
Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus II was the son of the Governor of Aquitaine, in the breakaway Gallo-Roman Empire (Gaul, Spain, and Britain) established by Postumus. After Victorinus, the successor to Postumus, was murdered, Tetricus' father was acclaimed Tetricus I, Augustus. His father later elevated the young Caius to Caesar, but their reign was cut short, peacefully, when Tetricus deserted his own troops to surrender to Aurelian. In gratitude, Aurelian later restored Tetricus I as a Senator, and even installed him as Governor of Lucania, and Tetricus II returned to normal life, as a private citizen.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus I- LaetitiaTetricus I, mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped bust right.
IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator
C: Consul
TETRICVS: Tetricus
P F: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse is:
LAETITIA AVG
LAETITIA : Laetitia (joy),
AVGG: Augustus, emperors
LAETITIA is standing left holding wreath and anchor
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 16 mm
Mint: Gallic, if the bust is radiate, draped and cuirassed then the mint is probably Trier. If the bust is radiate and cuirassed only then the mint is probably Cologne. Officina ?? Struck A.D.271-274. RIC 87 or 88.
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus I- PaxTetricus I, mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caesar
TETRICVS: Tetricus
PF: Pius felix,
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
PAX AVG
PAX: Pax, Peace
AVG: Augustus, Emperor
Showing: Pax standing left holding olive branch in right and vertical scepter in left
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 19 mm
Mint:???
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus I- PAX AVGTetricus I, mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP C TETRICVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator, leader of the army
C: Caes
TETRICVS: Tetricus
P F: Pius Felix, Pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
PAX AVG, The peace of the emperor
PAX: Peace
AVG: Emperor
Pax standing left holding branch and sceptre
Domination: Bronze antoninianus, size 17 mm
Mint: Gallic??
Comment: The coin might be barb but the official coins of this time period are generally pretty crude, so it is often not easy to distinguish between official and forgery. This coin is too worn to be sure one way or the other
Peter Wissing
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Tetricus I- HilaritasTetricus I, mid 271 - spring 274 A.D.
Obverse:Radiate cuirassed bust right
IMP TETRICVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator,
TETRICVS: Tetricus
PF: Pius felix,
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
HILARITAS AVGG
HILARITAS: Hilaritas
AVGG: 2 Emperors
Showing: Hilaritas standing left holding palm frond in right and cornucopia in left.
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 17 mm
Mint: Gallic, if the bust is radiate, draped and cuirassed then the mint is probably Trier. If the bust is radiate and cuirassed only then the mint is probably Cologne.
Antoninianus of Tetricus I struck A.D.271-274.
However with this last issue of Tetricus it may not be as simple as that. Hilaritas occurs for both bust types and could possibly indicate centralised die cutting or the two mints had combined during the final months of the Gallic Empire
Peter Wissing
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Tacitus- Provide AvgTacitus, 25 September 275 - 12 April 276 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate cuirassed bust right
IMP C M CL TACITVS AVG
IMP: Imperator, leader of the army
C M: CAESAR MARCVS
CL: CLAVDIVS
TACITVS: Tacitus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
PROVIDE AVG: The foresight of the emperor
PROVIDE: The foresight
AVG: Emperor
Providentia standing left, holding globe and transverse scepter
Domination: AE Antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: ??
Peter Wissing
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Tacitus, 25 September 275 - 12 April 276 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
AK K Λ TAKITOC CEB
AK: AVTOKRATOR is the equivalent of the Latin Imperator, 'emperor'.
K Λ is an abbreviation for K AV IOC, 'Claudius' transliterated into Greek.
TOK: TAKITOC= Tacitus
CEB: SEBASTOS (greek indication for augustus).
With the pellet between TOC . CEB
Reverse:
ETOVC A (year 1)
Dikaiosyne standing left holding scales in right hand and cornucopia in left. Diakaiosyne is the Greek equivalent of Aequitas ('Equity, Fair Dealing' to quote Sear).
Domination: Billon TETRAdrachm (4 drachms): size 21 mm
Mint: Alexandria, provincial.
Comment:
These Egyptian issues are not in RIC, but the old standard catalogue for these is Milne, where yours is no. 4492, with the pellet between TOC . CEB. They are also listed in the new Sear vol.III (though in not as much detail), where the nearest is 11831, which doesn't have the pellets in the obverse legend (Milne 4489). Other references : Curtis 1832, BMC 2403v ; Geissen 3115.
Peter Wissing
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Severus Alexander- 3 standardsObverse:
Lureate head right
MAYP CEYH AΛΞΞAΔPOC AV
MAYP: Marcus Antonius
CEYH:
AΛΞΞAΔPOC: Severus
AV: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
NI- KA- IE- ΩN
NI- KA- IE- ΩN: Nicaea
Three military standards
Domination: AE 3 Bronze, size 19 mm
Mint: Nicaea- Bithynia
Peter Wissing
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Severus Alexander- Three military standardsSeverus Alexander, 13 March 222 - March 235 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia, N.W. Asia M
Obverse:
Lureate head right
MAYP CEYH AΛΞΞAΔPOC AV
MAYP:Marcus Antonius
CEYH:
AΛΞΞAΔPOC: Severus
AV: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
NI- KA- IE- ΩN
NI- KA- IE- ΩN: Nicaea
Three military standards
Domination: AE 3 Bronze, size 19 mm
Mint: Nicaea
Peter Wissing
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Severus Alexander- ProvidentiaSeverus Alexander, 13 March 222 - February or March 235 A.D.
Obverse:
Severus with bust draped, cuirassed right, with slight drapery on far shoulder and laureate.
IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG
IMP: Imperator, general
ALEXANDER: Alexander
PIVS: Pius
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
PROVIDENTIA AVG S-C
PROVIDENTIA: Providentia
AVG: Augustus, imperor
S-C: Senatus Consulto, by the decret of the senate
Providentia standing front holding two grain ears over modius & cornucopiae
Domination: Æ Sestertius, size 28 mm
Mint: Rome, struck 231-235 A.D. RIC IV/II, 642; C.503, sear 8014
Peter Wissing
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Septimius Severus- GrapesSeptimius Severus, 9 April 193 - 4 February 211 A.D., MARKIANOPOLITWN, Moesia Inferior
Laureate right, bust, draped and cuirassed,
Obverse:
AV KL CE CEVHROC
AV : AU(tokrator)
K Λ :K L S (eptimius)
CE:
CEVHROC: Severus
Reverse:
MARKIANO - POLITWN, bunch of grapes upside down
MARKIANO - POLITWN: Marcianopolis
Bronze AE 4, size 10 mm
Mint: Seem to read ΠΟΛΙΤΩΝ so It is Marcianopolis.
Comment:
The PI at 1 o'clock is the PI from MARKIANOPOLITWN. The coin is Hristova/Jekov No. 6.14.8.5.
Rarity R6 of 10.
There is only one other coin which has MARKIANO - POLEITWN (No. 6.14.8.6), but my coin has POLITWN!
The coin is not listed in Varbanov (engl.) nor in AMNG I/1.
Peter Wissing
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Salonina- PVDICITIASalonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., wife of Gallienus
Obverse:
Diademed draped bust right on crescent
SALONINA AVG
SALONINA: Salonina
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
PVDICITIA
PVDICITIA: Pudicitia
Pudicitia standing left, raising veil and holding transverse sceptre
Q in right field:
Mints were often divided into different workshops, called officinae. Around about the middle of the 3rd century it became common for the officina number to be marked on coins - in this case officina 4. The mint of this coin was Rome, which at this time had 6 officinae, marked P, S, T, Q, V, VI.
Domination: Bronze Antoninianus, size 18 mm.
Mint: Rome, Officina Q (Alpha, 4 th.), struck 260-268 A.D. RIC V/2, 24; C.92 (sole reign of Gallienus)
Comment:
It's Salonina, the wife of Gallienus.. One can identify her by her hair-do. The letter in the right field of the reverse is a Q. Because one can see the crescent under her bust, the denomination is Antoninianus. It is Pudicitia on the reverse due to is attitude and the V on the legend left.
Peter Wissing
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Salonina- Antoninianus PVDICITIASalonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., wife of Gallienus
Obverse:
Diademed draped bust right on crescent
SALONINA AVG
SALONINA: Salonina
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
PVDICITIA
PVDICITIA: Pudicitia
Pudicitia standing left, raising veil and holding transverse sceptre
Pudicitia is the personification of modesty and chastity.
Q in right field:
Mints were often divided into different workshops, called officinae. Around about the middle of the 3rd century it became common for the officina number to be marked on coins - in this case officina 4. The mint of this coin was Rome, which at this time had 6 officinae, marked P, S, T, Q, V, VI.
Domination: Silver Antoninianus, size 18 mm.
Mint: Rome, Officina Q (Alpha, 4 th.), struck 260-268 A.D. RIC V/2, 24; C.92 (sole reign of Gallienus)
Comment:
It's Salonina, the wife of Gallienus.. One can identify her by her hair-do. The letter in the right field of the reverse is a Q. Because one can see the crescent under her bust, the denomination is Antoninianus. It is Pudicitia on the reverse due to is attitude and the V on the legend left.
Additional information can be found on Ed Flinn web site on Gallienus and his family.
My coin could (maybe be # 492 of the list).
Peter Wissing
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Sabina SC CeresSabina, Augusta 128 - c. 136 A.D., Wife of Hadrian
Obverse:
Diademed, draped bust right.
SABINA AVGVSTA HADRIANI AVG P P
SABINA: Sabina
AVGVSTA: Augusta, empress
HADRIANI: Hadrian
AVG: Emperor
PP:Pater Patria, father of the country
Reverse:
S C in Exergue: Senatus Consulto, by Decree of the Senate
No legend on reverse, S C in Exergue - Ceres seated left, holding grain ears/ grain stalks and torch.
Domination: Orichalcum dupondius AS, size 25 mm, die axis 180o
Mint: Rome, S C in Exergue, RIC 1023 (Hadrian), BMC 1900, C 70
Peter Wissing
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Probus Soli InvictoObverse:
Radiate and cuirassed bust right
IMP C M AVR PROBVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caesar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelius
PROBVS: Probus
PF: PIUS FELIX,
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
SOLI INVICTO
Showing:Sol in a spread quadriga facing, radiate, cloak billowing out behind, raising right hand, holding whip in left,
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 19 mm
Mintmark: // XXIVI
Mint: Siscia, RIC 767 Bust Type H; Alföldi type 76, n° 150;
Peter Wissing
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Probus RESTITVT ORBISProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right, from behind
IMP C M AVR PROBVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caesar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelius
PROBVS: Probus
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
RESTITVT ORBIS
Restorer of the world
RESTITVT: Restorer
ORBIS: Of the world
Woman standing right presenting wreath to Probus standing left holding globe in right and scepter in left, ε Δ center (is officina 9) avoided using the unlucky numeral 'theta' by adding up 5+4 or E+delta
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 20 mm
Mint: Antioch, XXI, ε Δ is officina 9, avoided using the unlucky numeral 'theta' by adding up 5+4 or E+delta
Comment to ε Δ:
Use the XXI ratio mark and a particularly interesting Greek numeral for the officina. The Antioch mint was organized into nine workshops using standard Greek numerals for 1 through 8 (A-H). The ninth officina used 'ε Δ' or 5+4 in place of Θ, the proper numeral for 9. In addition to being the numeral 9, Θ was the first letter in thanatos (death). As such it was considered an unlucky symbol to be avoided much as many people today avoid the number 13.
Peter Wissing
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Virtvs Probi AvgProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate bust left in consular robe holding eagle- tripped scepter in right
IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator
C: Ceasar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelias
PROBVS: Probus
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse
VIRTVS PROBI AVG, Virtvs Probvs Avgvsti
VIRTVS: Virtvs
PROBI: Probvs
AVG: Avgvstvs
Mars walking right holding transverse spear in right and trophy over shoulder in left.
Denomination: Antoninianus Bronze, diameter 20 mm
Mint: Siscia. Making in RIC 810 Bust type H. It looks like XXIV or XXIVI, which would correspond to Alföldi 96/182.
http://probvs.info/probvs/R810/R810.html
http://probvs.info/probvs/R810/R810A.html
The coin will also be included on the RIC 810 page at PROBVS.info
Peter Wissing
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Probus- Virtus Probi AVGProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate and cuirassed bust left wearing imperial mantle and holding eagle tipped scepter
IMP C M AVR PROBVS AVG
IMP: Imperator
C: Ceasar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelias
PROBVS: Probus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse
VIRTVS PROBI AVG,
Emperor galloping right, spearing enemy whose shield lies beneath horse
Denomination: Antoninianus Bronze, diameter 23 mm
Mint: Bust Type H from Serdica. RIC 878
Peter Wissing
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Probus- Sol InvictoProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate and cuirassed bust right
IMP C M AVR PROBVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caesar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelius
PROBVS: Probus
PF: PIUS FELIX,
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
SOLI INVICTO
Showing:Sol in a spread quadriga facing, radiate, cloak billowing out behind, raising right hand, holding whip in left,
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, size 24 mm
Mint: KA= Serdica Γ= Gamma,3.rd Oficina). RIC 861
Peter Wissing
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Probus- Eagle ProvincialProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate and cuirassed bust right
AK M AVP ΠPOBOC CEB (epsilon)B
AK: AUTOKRATOR (greek indication for monarch)
M: Marcus
AVP: Aureus
ΠPOBOC: (pi)PROBOC (Probus)
CEB: SEBASTOS (greek indication for augustus).
Reverse:
L -Δ (delta=year 4) across fields
Eagle standing right, head turned back, wreath in beak. The ties are one back and one straight down
Domination: Billon drachm, size 23 mm.
Mint: Alexandria, provincial. Milne #4588
Comment:
Since this is a provincial coin, it does not have a RIC number.
This is a very interesting coin, as it is overstruck on a previous issue, possibly of Aurelian.
If one look to the right and below Probus' chin one will see an outline of another nose, mouth and chin. Also, between about 4.30 amd 5.30 on the obverse one can see signs of large border pellets, unlike the small pellets of the Probus type, and there is 'interference' in the CEB of the legend.
The reverse shows traces of the undertype too, and the spread flan is another giveaway (most Probus tetradrachms which are not overstrikes are quite thick with smallish flans).
I(Manzikert) have two similar overstrikes (both year 3), and it appears there was a monetary reform by Aurelian c.274-5, and some earlier coins were overstruck with Aurelian's, Tacitus' and Probus' types. There is a paper about these by W.E. Metcalf in 'Studies in Greek numismatics in memory of Martin Jessop Price' Peter Wissing
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Probus- VIRTVS PROBI AVGProbus, summer 276 - September 282 A.D.
Probus helmeted and cuirassed bust left holding spear over right shoulder and shield on left
Obverse:
IMP C M AVR PROBVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caesar
M: Marcus
AVR: Aurelius
PROBVS: Probus
PF: PIUS FELIX,
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
VIRTVS PROBI AVG
VIRTVS: Virtus, virtue
PROBI: Probus
AVG: AVGVSTI
VIRTVS PROBI AVG is VIRTVS PROBI AVGVSTI, The virtue of the emperor Probus
The pace of the horse is too sedate to qualify the type as galloping, instead it is "Emperor riding left, right hand raised, left holding sceptre". There should be evidence of captive at foot.
Domination: Antoninianus, Bronze, 21-22 mm,
Mint: XXIMC = XXI Cyzicus + MC Moneta Cyzici.
The fourth officina would be Q. By the by, on coins of Probus , 4 is never expressed as "IV". Coins that do show IV/XXI are in fact errors - retrograde VI's! We can also see IIV instead of VII, and certainly not meaning 3! q.v. Pink, Aufbau 3Peter Wissing
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Philip 1 ANNONA AVGG S CPhilip I "The Arab", first half 244 - late September 249 A.D., Provincia Dacia
Obverse:
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP M IVL PHILIPPVS AVG
IMP: Imperator
M: Marcus
IVL: Julius
PHILIPPVS: Philippus
AVG: Augustus
Reverse
ANNONA AVGG S C
ANNONA AVG, Provisions from the emperor
ANNONA: Provisions
AVGG: Emperor
S C: Senatus Consultus (By decree of the senate)
Annona standing left, grain in right over modius, cornucopia in left
Domination: AE Sestertius, size 28 mm.
Mint: Rome mint, 247 - 249 A.D, RIC 168a, Cohen 26
Peter Wissing
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Parthian- OrodesOrodes II or Phraates IV
It does seem to resemble coins of Orodes II, Phraates IV or thereabouts; they issued a chalkous of similar size; and the reverse seems a good chance.
King Orodes II of Parthia (also called Hyrodes) ruled the Parthian Empire from 57 to 38 BC. He was the son of Phraates III, whom he murdered in 57 BC, assisted by his brother Mithridates
Size: 10 mm
I don't collect this series, but a look at www.parthia.com gives more information.Peter Wissing
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Perga Perga, Pamphylia
Obverse: Not able to identify emperor, but he is head right, having beard, is he radiate ??
Reverse ARTEMIDOC, temple with two columns enclosing cult statue of Artemis of Perga
Domination: Copper , size 10 mm,
Mint: Perga/Perge
Peter Wissing
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PAVLINA DIVA CONSECRATIOPaulina, wife of Maximinus I, who reigned 235 - 238 A.D.
Obverse:
Veiled and draped bust right
DIVA PAVLINA
DIVA: Divine
PAVLINA: Paulina
Reverse:
CONSECRATIO
CONSECRATIO: Consecrate
Paulina seated to left on peacock flying right
Domination: Denarius silver, size 20 mm
Mint: Rome , AD 236, RIC 2, Sear 5/8400, RSC 2
Peter Wissing
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Maybe Lucius Verus, Marcus Aurelius, Commodus or AeliusMaybe Lucius Verus, Marcus Aurelius, Commodus or AeliusPeter Wissing
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Nero- VictoriaNero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head left
IMP NERO CAESAR AVG GERM
IMP: Imperator,
NERO: Nero
CAESAR: Caesar
AVG: Augustus,
GERM: Germanicus,
Reverse:
S --- C
S :Senatus: Senat
C: Consulto: Decree
Showing: Reverse S - C, Victory flying left,
Domination: AS, Bronze, size 27 mm
Mint: Rome???
Peter Wissing
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Nero Provincial- ZeusNero, 13 October 54 - 9 June 68 A.D.
Obverse:
laureate bust with aegis right; below caduceus
NEPWNA CEBACTON AKMONEIC, it is 'the people of Acmonaea to Nero Augustus
NEPWNA: Nero
CEBACTON: Augustus
AKMONEIC: The name of the city, Acmonea
Reverse:
Zeus seated left, with patera and sceptre, owl under throne
CEPOYHIOY KAΠΙΤWΝΟC KAI IOYΛIAC CEOYHPAC
To right: EΠΙ ΑΡΧ ΤΟ Γ (first 3 words as monograms)
The anagrams indicate Serveenius was archon three times (EΠΙ ΑΡΧ = Archon, TO Γ = three times). The reverse names two local officials, Lucius Servenius Capito and Julia Severa (husband and wife) - we know his first name was Lucius from other coins.
Domination: Size 18 mm
Mint: It's from Acmonea in Phrygia, Provincial, RPC 3176.
Comments:
An interesting coin: how often did husband-and-wife magistrates team to sign Greek Imperial coins, with two Latin names at that? As for the accusative, it's an elliptical usage that shows up now and then, frequently honoring heroes or deities; see
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/index.php?topic=26925.msg175999#msg175999
Peter Wissing
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Marcus Cipius Marci Filius- Denarius VictoryM. CIPI. M. F. 115-114BC.
Obverse:
The helmeted head of Roma (personification of "Minerva or Palas") is facing right with an X behind her neck; M. CIPI. M. F is written upwards in front of her face
M. Marcus
CIPI. Cipius
M. Marci
F. Filius
X: 10, value, but the value was actually 16 asses.
Reverse:
Victory in biga right with palm-branch in right hand and in left reins, rudder below which could be a symbol of the ruler.
Domination: Denarius, silver, size 16 mm
Mint: ROMA, and ROMA with a horizontal line above it in the exergue.
Sear 166,Crawford289/1,Sydenham 546
CIPIUS, a person who gave rise to the proverb " non omnibus dormio," was called Para-rem-lion (-n-apape7xcoi>), because he pretended to be asleep, in order to give facility to his wife's adultery. (Festus, s. v. Non omnibus dormio ; Cic. ad Fam. vii. 24.) There are two coins extant with the name M. CIPI. M. F. upon them, but it is not impossible that they may belong to the Cispia gens, as the omission of a letter in a name is by no means of uncommon ucurrence on Roman coins.
CISPIA GENS, plebeian, which came originally from Anagnia, a town of the Hernici. An ancient tradition related that Cispius Laevus, of Anagnia, came to Rome to protect the city, while Tullus Hostilius was engaged in the siege of Veii, and that he occupied with his forces one of the two hills of the Escmiline, which was called after him the Cispius mons, in the same way as Oppius of Tusculum did the other, which was likewise called after him the Oppius mons.
Peter Wissing
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Maximianus- Pax AVGGMaximian, 285 - 305, 306 - 308, and 310 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate, cuirassed bust right
IMP MAXIMIANVS AVG
IMP: Imperator, leader of the army
MAXIMIANVS: Maximianus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
No P in the obverse legend.
Reverse:
PAX AVGG, Peace of the emperors
PAX: Peace
AVGG: Emperors (2 G´s)
Pax standing left, Victory on globe in right hand, transverse scepter in left
Domination: Antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: B in exergue, Lugdunum, Officina 2. Minted in Lugdunum (//B), Emission 7, Officina 2. Spring A.D. 290 A.D. 291. Reference(s) – Cohen 438. Bastien 380. RIC V Part 2 – 399 bust Type F
Peter Wissing
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Maxentius- ConservMaxentius, February 307 - 28 October 312 A.D.
Obverse:Laureate head right
IMP C MAXENTIVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caes,
MAXENTIVS: Maxentius
P F: Pius Felix,
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
CONSERV VRB SVAE
CONSERV: Protector
VRB: City, i.e Rome
SVAE: His
Showing: Hexastyle temple, Roma seated within, globe in r., spear in l., shield at r. side, star on pediment
Domination: AS or Follis, Bronze, size 22 mm
Mint: AQP, AQ is Aquileia in Italy, P ( Prima)
Peter Wissing
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Marcvs Avrelivs- VictoryMarcus Aurelius, 7 marts 161- 17 marts 180 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head right
M ANTONINVS
M: Marcus
ANTONINVS: Antoninus
Reverse:
AVG TR P XXXII / IMP VIIII - COS III P P S C
AVG: Augustus, emperor
TR P XXXII: Tribunicia Potestate. The tribunician power, the emperor as civil head of the state.
IMP: Imperator
VIIII: 9, imperator for the ninth time
COS III: Consul for the third time. One of the two chief magistrates of the Roman state, and often the emperor was one.
PP: Pater Patria, farther of the country
SC: Senatus Consultus, by the decree of the senate
When the title of 'imperator' occurs in this type of legend, it is often numbered. Mine has IMP V. This refers to an old custom of the Roman republic, the 'acclamatio imperatoria', in which a victorious general was acclaimed 'imperator' by the legions. In imperial times the emperor was the object of this honor. IMP V tells us the emperor was acclaimed imperator for the fifth time, which occured in 168 for Marcus Aurelius, together with Lucius Verus.
Victory advancing left, probably C. 372, BMC p. 673,
Domination: Copper, AS, size 24 mm
Mint: Rome
Peter Wissing
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Marcus Aurelius- SalusMarcus Aurelius, 7 marts 161- 17 marts 180 A.D.
Obverse:
Marcus Aurelius with radiate head right.
IMP CAES M AVREL ANTONINVS AVG P M
IMP: Imperator, general
CAES: Caesar
M: Marcus
AVREL: Aurelius
ANTONINVS: Antoninus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
P M: Pontifix Maximus, high priest.
Reverse:
SALVTI AVGVSTOR TR P XVII S-C, COS III below the buste.
SALVTI: Salus
AVGVSTOR: Augustus, emperor
TR P: Tribunicia Potestate. The tribunician power, the emperor as civil head of the state.
XVII: 17
S-C: Senatus Consultum, by the decret of the senate.
COS III: Consul for the third time. One of the two chief magistrates of the Roman state, and often the emperor was one.
Salus standing left offering a patera to snake arising from altar, and holding sceptre
Comment: The reverse is Salus. If it was a male, the garment would not go all the way to the ground.
Domination: Orichalcum Dupondius, size 23 mm
Mint: Rome. The coin has been struck 162/163 AD. Cohen 568. RIC 846
Peter Wissing
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Marcus Aurelius- AequitasMarcus Aurelius, 7 March 161- 17 March 180 A.D.
Obverse:
Bare head right
M ANTONINVS below bust,
M: Marcus
ANTONINVS: Antoninus
Reverse:
TR P XXII (or XXIII) IMP V COS III, BM 467 or 487, 168 or 169 AD.
TR P XXII (or XXIII): Tribunicia Potestate. The tribunician power, the emperor as civil head of the state.
IMP: Imperator
V: 5, imperator for the fifth time
COS III: Consul for the third time. One of the two chief magistrates of the Roman state, and often the emperor was one.
Comment:
L. Verus struck identical denarii with date TR P VIII or VIIII. But my obv. legend seems to begin M ANTONINVS below bust, not L VERVS.
When the title of 'imperator' occurs in this type of legend, it is often numbered. Mine has IMP V. This refers to an old custom of the Roman republic, the 'acclamatio imperatoria', in which a victorious general was acclaimed 'imperator' by the legions. In imperial times the emperor was the object of this honor. IMP V tells us the emperor was acclaimed imperator for the fifth time, which occured in 168 for Marcus Aurelius, together with Lucius Verus.
Aequitas seated and holding scales. It is an unusual type that appears only occasionally. Normally she is depicted standing not seated.
Domination: Silver, denarius, size 17mm
Mint: Rome
Peter Wissing
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Lucius Verus- SCLucius Verus, 7 March 161 - February 169 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head right
AVT K Λ AYPHΛ OYHPOC CEB
Reverse:
Large SC, branch above,
Domination: Bronze AE 3, size 17 mm,
Mint: Antioch ad Orentum
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- VICTORIAE LAET PRINC PERPLicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head right
IMP LICI-NIVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator
LICI-NIVS: Licinius
P F: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
Reverse:
VICTORIAE LAET PRINC PERP
Two Victories holding shield inscribed VOT P R set on altar inscribed S
Domination: Bronze AE 3, Size 19 mm
Mint: SARL S= Officina 6 (stigma) ARL= Arles. This mint used the PSTQ Roman officinas. Vol VII RIC 198, is rated as r5
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- IOVI CONSERVATORILicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate and cuirassed bust right
IMP LIC LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: : Licinianus
LICINIVS: : Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
LIC LICINIVS= Licinivs I
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN, (The conservator of our emperors)
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
AVGG: More than one emperor
NN: Nost-- Nostrorvm
Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left.
Domination: Bronze, folli, size 18 mm
Mint: SMH Δ, Heraclea (Δ= Delta 4 th oficina)
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NNObverse:
Laureate head and bust right
IMP LIC LICINIVS P F AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: Licinianus
LICINIVS: : Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN, (The conservator of our emperors)
Γ Gamma to the left
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
AVGG: More than one emperor
NN: Nost-- Nostrorvm
Jupiter standing left, nude but for chlamys over left shoulder, Victory on globe offering wreath in right hand, long scepter vertical in left, eagle with wreath in beak at feet left
Domination: Bronze, folli, size 20 mm
Mint: Siscia
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I IOVI CONSERVATORIObverse:
Laureate and bust right
IMP LIC LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: : Licinianus
LICINIVS: : Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI
Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
Domination: Bronze, folli, size 19 mm
Mint: SIS, Siscia
Is there an G across the reverse on the coin
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- IOVI CONSERVATORILicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate and cuirassed bust right
IMP LIC LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: :
LICINIVS: : Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
LIC LICINIVS= Licinivs I
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN, (The conservator of our emperors)
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
AVGG: More than one emperor
NN: Nost-- Nostrorvm
Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left.
Domination: Bronze, follis, size 23 mm
Mint: TS= Thessalonica, and A= alpha for the 1st officina. RIC VI THESSALONICA 60, rarity C, year 312-313
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- IOVI CONSERVATORI 1Licinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:Laureate head right
IMP LIC LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: Licenciado
LICINIVS:Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
(LIC LICINIVS = Licinius I)
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN (The conservator of our emperors)
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: The conservator
AVGG:Augustus, more than 1 emperor
NN:Nost-- Nostrorvm
Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left, captive on ground to right.
Domination: Follis, Copper, size 21 mm
Mint: TS= Thessalonica A ( A=Prima Oficina)
Peter Wissing
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Licinius II Junior- ROMAE AETERNAELicinius Junior, Caesar 1 March 317 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
LICINIVS IVN NOB C
LICINIVS: Licinius
IVN: Junior
NOB: Noble
C: Caesar
Reverse:
ROMAE AETERNAE [To everlasting Rome, fifteen yearly vows (quindecennalia)]
Roma standing right., shield in lap inscribed X/V
Domination: Bronze AE3, size 18 mm
Mint: In exergue R squiggle CS, Rom. RIC VII Rome 199 r3.
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- Soli Invicto ComitiLicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:Laureate draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LICINIVS: Licinius
P F: Pius Felix
AVG:Augustus
Reverse:
SOLI INVICTO COMITI
SOLI: Sol
INVICTO: Undefeatble
COMITI:??
Showing: Sol standing left, raising hand and holding globe, chlamys across left shoulder, S - F across fields.
Domination: Follis, Copper, size 19 mm
Mint: R * S, R (Rome) S (Secunda Oficina). There is a star between R and S.
Alternately ally and adversary of Constantine was Licinius
(Augustus 308-324 AD). Licinius controlled the East but was
represented also on coins from Constantine's western mints.
IMPLICINIVS PF AVG is just one of several legend varieties found for this ruler but all will include the title Augustus. Sol, the unconquerable sun god and comrade of the emperor (SOLI INVICTO COMITI), was most popular in the years immediately preceding the conversion of the Empire to Christianity. He is shown as a nude male wearing a radiate crown and holding a globe. The mintmark PARL combines the workshop letter P (primus) and the first three letters of the mint name. Code letters in the field (here SF) identify the issue (therefore date) of the coins. While some mint/issue combinations are rare and desired by specialists, Sol coins are generally very common.
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- IOVI CONSERVATORILicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:Laureate head right
IMP C VAL LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caes,
VAL: Valerius
LICINIVS: Licinius
P F: Pius Felix
AVG:Augustus,
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI
IOVI: Jupiter
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
Showing: Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath (røg), at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left, captive on ground to right, X-IIΓ to right XIIΓ(=12.5), SMHA in ex.
Domination: Follis, Bronze, size 20 mm
Mint: SMH (Heraclea) A (Alpha)
Peter Wissing
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Licinius I- IOVI CONSERVATORILicinius I, 11 November 308 - 18 September 324 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate and cuirassed bust right
IMP LIC LICINIVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator
LIC: :
LICINIVS: : Licinius
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Augustus
LIC LICINIVS= Licinivs I
Reverse:
IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG NN, (The conservator of our emperors)
IOVI: Jovi
CONSERVATORI: Preserver
AVGG: More than one emperor
NN: Nost-- Nostrorvm
Jupiter standing left holding scepter and globe with Victory presenting wreath, at feet captive right and eagle with wreath in beak left. leaning on sceptre. Jupiter standing left, chlamys over shoulder, naked, with Victory on globe, eagle-tipped scepter, eagle at foot to left.
Domination: Bronze, follis, size 23 mm
Mint: TS= Thessalonica, and A= alpha for the 1st officina. RIC VI THESSALONICA 60, rarity C, year 312-313
Peter Wissing
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Justinian- MObverse:
DN IVSTINI ANVS PP AVG
DN:
IVSTINI:
ANVS:
PP:
AVG: Augustus
Reverse:
M = 40
Domination: Copper, size 23 mm
Mint: Byzantine
Peter Wissing
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Julia Domna- HilaritasJulia Domna, Augusta 194 - 8 April 217 A.D.
IVLIA AVGVSTA, draped bust right
Obverse:
IVLIA AVGVSTA
IVLIA: Julia
AVGVSTA: Augusta/ Empress
Reverse:
HILARITAS, the happiness of our empress
Hilaritas standing left holding long palm and cornucopia
That it is Hilaritas is a guess, the coin is worn.
Bronze AE 3, size 18 mm
Mint: official, Rome mint, 198 A.D, RIC # ?
Peter Wissing
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Jovian VOT XObverse:
Diademed and draped bust left
D N IOVIANVS P F AVG
D N: DOMINUS NOSTER - Our Lord
IOVIANVS: Jovianus
P F: Pius Felix, Dutiful and Fortunate
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
VOT / V within wreath
VOT: Votis Vicennalibus, prayers for 5 years of rule
V: 5
Domination: Bronze centenionalis, size 18 mm
Mint, Constantinople and the mintmark is CONSP[?], 363 - 364 A.D
Exergue:
Oficina: workshop (A,B etc.) RIC VIII Constantinople 178
Comments:
The reverse is pretty good, but if the photo of the obverse is accurate it might be an imitation. The face and the drapery on the bust look fairly odd. Worth looking at some other issues from Constantinople to see if they share the same characteristics as it might just be the work of a bad official engraver. Overall it is not a type that was heavily imitated.
Peter Wissing
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Honorius Honorius, 23 January 393 - 15 August 423 A.D.
Obverse:
Rosette diademed draped and cuirassed bust right
D N HONORIVS P F AVG
DN: Dominus Noster, Our Lord
HONORIVS: Honorius
PF: PIUS Felix, pious and happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
GLORIA ROMANORVM, The Glory of the Romans
Emperor standing facing, head right holding standard and globe
Domination: Bronze AE 2, size 19 mm
Mint: ANTA in exergue (Antioch mint, A = alpha 1. st Offcina, 22 Jan 393 - 17 Jan 395 A.D)Peter Wissing
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Hadrian S C FIDES PVBLICA Hadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate head right
HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P
HADRIANVS
AVG: Agustus, emperor
COS III: Consul for the third time. One of the two chief magistrates of the Roman state, and often the emperor was one.
PP: Pater Patria, father of the country
Reverse:
FIDES PVBLICA S-C
FIDES PVBLICA: Trust of the People
S C
S C: Senatus Consulto, by Decree of the Senate
Fides standing right holding corn ears & basket of fruit
Domination: AE Sestertius, size 24 mm
Mint: Rome mint, 134- 138 A.D, Ric 758
Peter Wissing
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Hadrian- Egypt, Alexandria - Agathodaemon serpentHadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D.
Obverse:
Hadrian laureate head right
No legend
Reverse:
No legend
Headdress of Isis or the shape of the Agathodaemon serpent
Domination: Tetradrachme, silver, 23 mm, AE 14
Mint: Egypt, Alexandria
Peter Wissing
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Hadrian- Egypt, Alexandria - ISIS and HorusHadrian, 11 August 117 - 10 July 138 A.D.
Obverse:
Hadrian laureate head right
No legend
Reverse:
No legend
Isis seated right and suckling Horus
Domination: Bronze drachm, size 34 mm, AE 14
Mint: Egypt, Alexandria
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- SECVRIT PERPGordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust seen from behind
IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
IMP: Imperator, army leader
GORDIANVS: Gordianus
PIVS: Pius, pious
FEL: Felix, happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
SECVRIT PERP, Perpetual security
SECVRIT: Security
PERP: Perpertual
Securitas standing front, head left, holding long scepter in right, leaning with left elbow on column;
Domination: Antoninianus, Silver, size 28 mm
Mint: Rome, struck early fall 243 - 244 A.D. RIC 153
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- MOESIAGordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D.
Obverse:
Laureate bust right, drapery on left shoulder;
IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AVG
IMP: Imperator, army leader
CAES: Ceasar
M: Marcus
ANT: Antonius
GORDIANVS: Gordianus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
P M S COL VIM ANIIII
PMS: Provincia Moesia Superios
COL: COLonia
VIM: VIMinacium
ANIIII: Anno 4, year 4 (after the founding of the colonia of Viminacium).
The translation, then, would be "The Province of Upper Moesia. The Colony Viminacium."
Moesia standing facing, head left, extending hands to bull and lion standing at feet on either side
Domination: Bronze provincial sestertius, 29 mm
Mint: Viminacium, 242 - 243 A.D.
Comment Cutis Clay:
Here is what Pick says, AMNG p. 23, note 5: The inscription is usually expanded Provinciae Moesiae Superioris Colonia Viminacium (The Colony Viminacium of the Province of Upper Moesia; I think this is what Lars intended), but that is bad Latin and contrary to the language one normally finds in inscriptions and on coins. The two parts of the legend, Provincia Moesia Superior and Colonia Viminacium, probably stand side by side without any grammatical connection.
The translation, then, would be "The Province of Upper Moesia. The Colony Viminacium."
I don't know what others have said about Pick's suggestion since he published it in 1898!
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- FORTVNA REDVX SCGordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP GORDIANVS PIVS FEL AVG
IMP: Imperator, army leader
GORDIANVS: Gordianus
PIVS: Pius, pious
FEL: Felix, happy
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
FORTVNA REDVX SC, Fortunate return of our emperor By the decree of the senate
FORTVNA: Fortunate
REDVX: return of emperor
SC: Senatus Consulto, By the decree of the senate
Fortuna seated left holding rudder in right and cornucopia in left, wheel leans against throne
Domination: Antoninianus, AR, size 26 mm
Mint: Rome, struck early fall 243 - 244 A.D. RIC 331a
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- Two legionary eagles between two standards 1aGordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia, N.W. Asia Minor
Obverse:
Radiate and draped bust right
M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AVΓ
M: Marcus
ANT: Antonius
ΓOPΔIANOC: Gordianus
AVΓ: AVG, Agustus, emperor
Reverse:
NIKAIE/ ΩOΝ
NIKAIE: Nicaea
ΩΝ: Omega and NU, stands for ?
Two legionary eagles between two standards
Domination: Bronze AE 20, size 19 mm
Mint: Nicaea, 238 - 244 A.D
Comment: Gordian III, Nicaea, Bithynia. This three standards reverse is the commonest Provincial coin there is, closely followed by that other coin from Viminacium
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- Two legionary eagles between two standards Gordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia, N.W. Asia Minor
Obverse:
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AVΓ
M: Marcus
ANT: Antonius
ΓOPΔIANOC: Gordianus AVG, Augustus, emperor
AVΓ, AVG, Augustus, emperor Epsilon- W ?-NU
Reverse:
NIKAI / EWΝ
NIKAI: Nicaea
EWΝ: Epsilon- W ?-NU
Two legionary eagles between two standards
Domination: Bronze AE 17 or Copper AE3, size 18 mm
Mint: Nicaea
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- Three legionary standardsGordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D., Nicaea, Bithynia, N.W. Asia Minor
Obverse:
Radiate, draped and cuirassed bust right
M ANT ΓOPΔIANOC AVΓ
M: Marcus
ANT: Antonius
ΓOPΔIANOC: Gordianus
AV: AVG, Agustus, emperor
Reverse:
NIKAIE ΩΝ
NIKAIE: Nicaea
ΩΝ:Omega and NU, stands for ?
Three legionary standards
Domination: Bronze AE17 or Copper AE3, size 19 mm
Mint: Nicaea, 238 - 244 A.D
Peter Wissing
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Gordian III- Moesia Gordian III, 29 July 238 - 25 February 244 A.D., Viminacium, Moesia
Obverse:
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right
IMP CAES M ANT GORDIANVS AVG
IMP: Imperator, leader of the army
CAES: Caesar
M: Marcus
ANT: Antonius
GORDIANVS: Gordianus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
P M S COL VIM AN I
PMS: Provincia Moesia Superios
COL: Colonial, Colony
VIM: Viminacium
AN I: Anno 1, year 1 = 238 AD
Moesia standing facing, head left, extending hands to bull and lion standing at feet on either side
Domination: Copper AE3, size 17 mm
Mint: Nicaea, 238 - 244 A.D
Comment: Gordian III, Nicaea, Bithynia. This three standards reverse is the commonest Provincial coin there is, closely followed by that other coin from Viminacium
Peter Wissing
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Gallienus FELICITAS SAECVLIGallienus, 253 - 24 March 268 A.D.
Radiate draped bust right
Obverse: IMP C P LIC GALLIENVS AVG: Imperator Ceasar Publius Licinius Gallienvs Augustus
Imp: Imperator, Supreme army commander
C: Ceasar
P: Publius
LIC: Licinivs
Gallienus: Gallienus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
Felicitas Saecvli: The happiness of the 100th year
Felicitas: The happiness
Saecvli: 100th year
Diana advancing right holding long torch in both hands.
Domination: Billon Antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: Antiochia, 2nd emission, 1st officina ; 255 CE. RIC 212 ; C 51Peter Wissing
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Gallienus DIANAECONSAVGObverse:
Head right with radiate crown
GALLIENVSAVG, Head right with radiate crown
IMP: IMPERATOR - Emperor
GALLIENVS: Gallienus
AVG: AUGUSTUS
Reverse:
Doe walking right, looking left
DIANAECONSAVG: Dianae Conservatrix Augusti
Domination: Bronze AE 3, size 19 mm
Exergue: E (Regnal Year "E"=5 or 569/70)
RIC 177 GOBL 728b CUNETIO 1361
Comments:
DIANAE CONS. AVG. Dianae Conservatrix Augusti. A stag. -- This legend and type, with variations, frequently appears on coins of Gallienus, whose father Valerianus was ingularly attached to the worship of Diana the Preserver, insomuch that he dedicated a temple to her honor at Rome, called Aedes Valeranae.
Peter Wissing
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Gallienus- Virtvs AvgGallienus, 253 - 24 March 268 A.D.
Obverse:Radiate head right
GALLIENVS: Gallienus
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
VIRTVS: Virtus
AVG: Augustus
Showing: Mars standing left holding globe in right hand and spear in left hand. P in right field
Domination: Bronze, Antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: Rome. RIC 317 from the sole reign RSC 1221c.
Peter Wissing
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Gallienus- MarsGallienus, August 253 - 24 March 268 A.D.
Obverse:Radiate head right
GALLIENVS: Gallienus
AVG: Augustus,
Reverse:
VIRTVS: Virtus
AVG: Augustus
Showing: Mars standing left holding globe in right hand and spear in left hand. P in right field
Domination: Bronze, Antoninianus, size 20 mm
Mint: Rome
The following is from Doug Smith's great site:
"'Courage' is a helmeted soldier in armor holding a spear, victory or shield. Virtus can be distinguished from the god Mars who is usually shown nude. Some coins appear to show Virtus as a female figure (appropriate since the word is feminine declention). "
Peter Wissing
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Gallienus- AnnonaGallienus, August 253 - 24 March 268 A.D.
Obverse:
Radiate and cuirassed bust right;
GALLIENVS AVG
GALLIENVS: Gallienus
AVG: Augustus, emperor
Reverse:
ANNONA AVG, Provisions from the emperor
ANNONA : Provisions
AVG: Emperor
Annona standing left, holding ears of grain in right hand over modius at feet left and holding anchor right.
Domination: Silvered antoninianus, 20 mm
Mint: Rome. Rome mint. RIC 162.
Looks like a Q or a retrograde Q in exergue, Rare Lettering.
Cunetio 1058 (7 specimens in the Cunetio hoard) RIC 162, the object in her left hand is a rudder.
Neither Cunetio 1058 nor Göbl 488f seems to record a specimen with retrograde Q.
Peter Wissing
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Galerius- Sacra Monet AVGG ET CAESS NOSTRGalerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.
Obverse:
Laurete head right
MAXIMIANVS NOB CAESS, Maximianus Noble Ceasar
MAXIMIANVS: Maximianus, in reality Galerius
NOB: Noble
CAESS: Caesar
Reverse:
SACRA MONET AVGG ET CAESS NOSTR, The emperors sacred money and our Caesars
SACRA : Sacred
MONET: Money
AVGG: Emperors
ET: And
CAESS: Caesars
NOSTR: Our
Moneta standing left holding scales in right and cornucopia in left. * in right field
Domination: Bronze Follis, size 27mm,
Mint: RQ in exe, Rome. * in right field. Dating to c. 302-3. RIC VI Rome 106b.
Explanation why this is Galerius, and not Maximianus. Doug Smith wrote a very good explanation, read this link: http://dougsmith.ancients.info/max.html
Peter Wissing
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Galerius- GenioGalerius, 1 March 305 - 5 May 311 A.D.
Obverse:Laureate head right
IMP C GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS PF AVG
IMP: Imperator,
C: Caes,
GAL: Galerius
MAXIMIANVS: Maximianus
PF: Pius Felix
AVG: Agustus
Reverse:
GENIO AVGVSTI CMH
Genio: Genius
AVGVSTI: Agustus
CMH: ??
Showing:Genius standing left holding patera in right and cornucopia in left
Domination: Follis, Bronze, size 25 mm
Mint: SMN (Nicomedia) A (alpha)
CMH:
In his book Roman Bronze Coins From Paganism to Christianity, 294-364 AD., Failmezger proposes the following definition for CMH:
"At the same time, the weight of the bronze coins dropped and 48 coins are now struck to the pound. The mint of Nicomedia issues coins with CMH added as a suffix to the legend on the reverse. This may be interpreted taht this coin has a value of 100 (C- centum) sestertii struck at a new weight of 48 to the pound (Greek letter M for 40, Greek letter H for. This may further support the 25 DC value of the coin theory (see #'s 191, 192, 199, 200, 211, 213). The continued use of CMH at the mint of Cyzicus in the year 311 AD may mean that even thought the weight of the nummus was reduced again from 48 to 72 to the pound, the value remianed constant at 100 sestertii or 25 DC (#192)."
He does say that this is just speculation and that alternative views may be possible.
Peter Wissing
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