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Home > Members' Coin Collection Galleries > Jay GT4 > 09. Greek, Persian & Judaean

Parion.jpg
Myisa, Parion. HemidrachmGorgoneion

ΠA PI
Bull standing left, head turned to look back; kerykeion below

Mysia, Parion
350-300 BC

SNG BN -. Symbol not recorded in the standard reference.


2.20g

Ex-ANE
1 commentsJay GT4
Festus.jpg
Judaea Porcius Festus PrutahÆ Prutah

KAICAPOC (Caesar) date LC (year 5 = 58 CE),
palm branch

NЄP ωNO C (Nero)
in wreath tied at the bottom with an X;

Caesarea mint
59-62 CE

2.87g

Reference: Hendin 653, SGIC 5627.

ex-Arcade Coins
1 commentsJay GT4
AJ1.jpg
Judaea Alexander Jannaeus Widow's Mite Alexander Jannaeus
AE Lepton/Prutah
obverse Star of eight pellets within diadem, המלך יהונתן(King Alexander)

reverse ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ around anchor.

1.83g

Hendin 1150c (No visible Hebrew legend)

ex-Holyland coins
Jay GT4
AJ2.jpg
Judaea Alexander Jannaeus Widow's MiteAlexander Jannaeus
AE Lepton/Prutah
obverse Star of eight pellets within diadem, המלך יהונתן(King Alexander)

reverse ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ around anchor.

1.57g

Hendin 1150c (No visible Hebrew legend)

ex-Holyland coins
Jay GT4
AJ3.jpg
Judaea Alexander Jannaeus Widow's Mite Alexander Jannaeus
AE Lepton/Prutah
obverse Star of eight pellets within diadem, המלך יהונתן(King Alexander)

reverse ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ around anchor.

1.62g

Hendin 1150c (no visible Hebrew legend).

ex-Holyland coins
Jay GT4
AJ4.jpg
Judaea Alexander Jannaeus Widow's Mite Alexander Jannaeus
AE Lepton/Prutah
obverse Star of eight pellets within diadem, המלך יהונתן(King Alexander)

reverse ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ around anchor.

0.94g

ex-Holyland coins
2 commentsJay GT4
AGRIPPA~1.jpg
Judaea, Herod Agrippa I prutahAΓΡI ΠA BACIΛEWC
King Agrippa umbrella canopy with fringes

Three ears of barley between two leaves flanked by date L - ς
(year 6).

Jerusalem Mint 41-42 CE
Bronze Prutah

2.73g

Hendin 1244

Ex-Zurgieh


Herod Agrippa I was a son of Aristobulus and grandson of Herod the Great by Mariamne I, granddaughter of High Priest Hyrcanus II. His father Aristobulus had been put to death by Herod the Great. Named after Augustus best friend and genreal Marcus Agrippa, Herod Agrippa was the last of the Herods to become king of all Palestine, as his grandfather had been. Agrippa was educated in Rome with the Emperor Tiberius’ son Drusus and his nephew Claudius and he became a familiar figure in important circles in Rome.

An injudicious statement got Agrippa into trouble with Emperor Tiberius. In an unguarded moment he expressed the wish to Gaius (Caligula) that he, Gaius, might soon be emperor. Overheard by Agrippa’s servant, his remarks came to the ears of Tiberius, who cast Agrippa into prison. His life was in the balance for several months. Fortunately for Agrippa, Tiberius died and Caligula became emperor. He released Agrippa and elevated him to the position of king over the territories that his late uncle Philip had governed.

When Caligula was assassinated Agrippa was in Rome. He was able to act as liaison between the Senate and his friend, the new Emperor Claudius. Claudius expressed his appreciation by awarding him the territory of Judea and Samaria as well as the kingdom of Lysanias. Agrippa now became ruler of about the same dominion that his grandfather Herod the Great had held.


1 commentsJay GT4
shekel.jpg
Phoenicia, Tyre ShekelAR Tetradrachm/Shekel.

Laureate bust of Melkart right, aegis draped about neck

ΤΥΡΟΥ ΙΕΡΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΥΛΟΥ (of Tyre the holy and inviolable)
Eagle standing left on prow; club before, flanked by date PM and KP to right, above monogram.

KP Jerusalem mint
PM Year 140 (14/15 CE).

Ex Calgary Coins, Ex. Hendin 919, RPC 4655.

13.29g


At the Great Temple in Jerusalem the annual tax levied was 1/2 shekel per male. The 1/2 shekel and shekel were the only coins accepted by the temple. Some experts believe that after the coinage of Tyre was debased under Roman control, Herod the Great began to strike "Tyre" shekels in Jerusalem. These coins were of cruder fabric and style, but maintained the silver purity required to pay the temple tax. The "Jerusalem" shekels have the letters KP or KAP to the right of the eagle and dates range from PH (18/17 B.C.) to PKE (69/70 A.D.). The Greek letters KP or KAP are probably an abbreviation for KAICAP, Greek for Caesar.
2 commentsJay GT4
Owl.jpg
Attica: Athens TetradrachmArchaic head of Athena r., with almond shaped eye, wearing crested helmet
ornamented with three olive leaves and floral scroll, wire necklace, round
earring.

ΑΘΕ right
owl standing right, head facing, erect in posture, prong tail, to left olive twig
and crescent, all within incuse square

16.8g

SNG Copenhagen 13; Sydenham 2526
ex-Time Machine Vcoins
2 commentsJay GT4
PtolCleo.jpg
Ptolemy XII or Cleopatra VII TetradrachmPtolemy XII (80-58 BC) or Cleopatra VII
AR Tetradrachm
Diademed head of Ptolemy I right

ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ
Eagle on thunderbolt left.
year (L) IH = 18 (=64-63 BC or 34-33 BC), PA to right

Listed as Alexandria mint, though the "PA" to the right suggests it was minted in Paphos, Cyprus.

SNG Cop-389

13.49g

Ex-ANE

IH is year 18 and in this context it is ambiguous - either 64BC (modern scholars like Morkholm, Noeske, etc.) or 34BC (Svoronos).

Hence this issue is either Ptolemy XII (modern interpretation) or Cleopatra VII ruling with Ptolemy XIV, Ptolemy XV or Ptolemy XVI (Svoronos interpretation).
1 commentsJay GT4
PompeyLA2.jpg
Judaea, Gadara or Syria Pompeian eraBust of young Herakles left, club over shoulder.

Rostrum (ship's ram) right; above L A (Year one), below PΩMHΣ in two lines; all within wreath.

Military mint in Syria or Gadara; 64, 63 BCE
7.23g

Spijkerman 1 (Gadara); HGC 10, 381.

Very Rare.

Ex-Nummitra Auction 3, lot 897 (misattributed as Antony)


From "Coinage in the Roman Provinces Conference"
https://numismatics.org/pocketchange/rbw1/

In 64/3 BC Roman troops under Pompey liberated the Greek cities in Judaea conquered by Alexander Jannaeus. Pompey personally supervised the reconstruction of Gadara. In commemoration of this event the people of Gadara established the year 64/3 BC as the beginning of a new era for their history, in substitution for the Seleukid era.


Seyrig and Spijkerman attributed this type to the city of Gadara in the Decapolis, however, Kushnir-Stein, followed by Kindler and Meshorer, rejected that based on style, flan manufacture, and find locations. Most of the coins of this type have been found in Lebanon leading Meshorer to place them in the Iturean section of Sofaer, however, they lack the typical monograms and legends found on other Iturean coins leaving their exact origin still unknown. Kindler did not include this variant in his typology of Iturean coinage.
3 commentsJay GT4
JWS.jpg
Judaea First Revolt 1/8 Shekel Æ(לגאלת ציון) (Palaeo-Hebrew inscription: "For the redemption of Zion"), omer cup

(שנת ארבע) (Paleo-Hebrew inscription: "Year four")
lulav bunch flanked by etrogs.

Jerusalem; 69-70 CE

4.90g

Hendin 1369; Meshorer 214

Ex-Nummitra, Auction 3 lot 906
1 commentsJay GT4
AJ_Hendin_6181.jpg
Judaea Alexander JannaeusPaleo-Hebrew in classic style (Yehonathan the High Priest and Council of the Jews)
Within wreath

Two Cornucopias splayed outward, adorned with ribbons, pomegranate/poppy between

1.21g, 12mm

Hendin 6181
1 commentsJay GT4
IoniaEL.jpg
Ionia, Phokaia SOLDFemale head to left; below neck, seal swimming left.

Quadripartite incuse square.


Hekte, Electrum 2.48g

Circa 478-387 BCE

Bodenstedt 90. Boston 1922. SNG von Aulock 2127

Ex-Calgary coin

A nicely centered late electrum piece

SOLD to ANE October 2023 (Torex)
2 commentsJay GT4
Year_3.jpg
Judaea First Revolt PrutahW𐤕‎𐤋‎𐤔𐤍𐤕 𐤔
(Year 3) in ancient Hebrew script,
Amphora with broad rim, two handles and conical lid decorated with tiny gloves hanging around edge.

𐤇‬𐤓𐤕 𐤔 𐤉𐤅𐤍
Freedom of Zion in ancient Hebrew, vine leaf on a small branch.

Jerusalem April 68-May 69 CE

3.16g

Hendin 6392 (6th); 1363 (5th)

Ex-Barakat

2 commentsJay GT4
Hendin_1370.jpg
Judaea First Revolt AR "Shekel" Year 5 ŠQL YSR’L (shekel of Israel)
around a chalice used in the temple cult, above Year 5

YRWŠLM HKDWŠH (Jerusalem the holy)
around a branch with three pomegranates

Jerusalem; March 4th-August 70 CE

13.45g

Hendin 6399 (6th);1370 (5th); TJC 215

Hand struck with modern dies in silver

Shekels were minted in all five years of the revolt with year 1 being scarce, years 2 and 3 the most common, year 4 very rare and year 5 the rarest. Only about 25 of the year 5 shekels are recorded. The rarity and price excludes me from the market for a real coin, hence the purchase of a modern hand struck replica in silver.

4 commentsJay GT4
YHD.jpg
Judaea Yehud Gerah, Persian OccupationHelmeted head of Athena right decorated with olive wreath (crude style)

𐤉‬𐤄𐤃 (YHD) to right of owl standing right, head facing, small lily above left.

Jerusalem mint?
After restoration of Jerusalem to before 333 BCE

0.38g; 8mm

Hendin 6051 (6th); Hendin 1050 (5th); TJC 6a

Ex-Holyland (Shick) e-Auction 17 lot 40 with export permit, ex-Menashe Landman collection

Persian rule issue
2 commentsJay GT4
Tarsoswalls.jpg
Persian Tarsos, Mazaios Satrap of Cilicia𐡁𐡏𐡋𐡕𐡓𐡆 ('B'LTRS' in Aramaic)
Baal of Tarsos seated left, holding holding eagle-tipped scepter; grain ear, grape-bunch, and Aramaic R in left field

MZDY ZY 'BRNHR' W ḤLK (Mazaios who is over Eber Nahara and Cilicia)
Lion bringing down bull above a pair of crenellated walls, each with four towers.

Tarsos, Cilicia 361/0-334 BC
10.74g

Casabonne Series 4, Group A; SNG BN 354-60 var. (control marks); SNG Levante 115

Ex-Dara Antiquities Auction 3, lot 1044

Hendin translates the Aramaic as "Mazaios who is over Eber Nahara and Cilicia." The similarity of this inscription and a descriptive phrase used in the Biblical texts of Ezra and Nehemiah has led to Hendin's suggestion that the walls on this coin represent the ones encompassing Jerusalem, which less than a century before had been rebuilt by Nehemiah, as related in the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Both Nehemiah and Mazaeus (Mazdai) were Persian court officials, so they used similar phraseology for administrative and geographical regions. Mazaeus was governor, or satrap, of the land of Beyond the River around 350 BCE. Governing from Tarsus, the administrative capital, Mazaeus is telling us that he is in charge of "Beyond the River."

(A fuller discussion of the subject is presented on pages 100-103 of the 4th edition of Hendin's Guide to Biblical Coins.)
3 commentsJay GT4
Eighth_skekel.jpg
Judaea First Revolt 1/8 Shekel Æ Soldלגאלת ציון (Palaeo-Hebrew inscription: "For the redemption of Zion"), omer cup

שנת ארבע (Paleo-Hebrew inscription: "Year four")
lulav bunch flanked by etrogs.

Jerusalem; 69-70 CE

4.83g

Hendin 1369; Meshorer 214

Ex-Savoca Blue Auction 115 lot 820 from the Tareq Hani collection

SOLD! To the Paterson collection
2 commentsJay GT4
Year_4.jpg
Judaea First Revolt 1/8 Shekel Æ(לגאלת ציון) (Palaeo-Hebrew inscription: "For the redemption of Zion"), omer cup

(שנת ארבע) (Paleo-Hebrew inscription: "Year four")
lulav bunch flanked by etrogs.

Jerusalem; 69-70 CE

4.95g

Hendin 1369; Meshorer 214



Ex-Holyland (Shick) e-auction 16 lot 173 with export permit, ex-Menashe Landman collection
3 commentsJay GT4
Tarsos.jpg
Persian Tarsos, Mazaios Satrap of Cilicia𐡁𐡏𐡋𐡕𐡓𐡆 ('B'LTRS' in Aramaic)
Baal of Tarsos seated left, holding lotus-tipped scepter; grain ear and grape bunch to left.

MZDY (Maziaos)
Lion attacking stag left; O to lower left; all within incuse square.

Tarsos, Cilicia

361-334 BCE

9.95g

AR Stater

Sold as SNG France 2/319 (to be researched)

Ex-Colmar Collection France
3 commentsJay GT4
Alexander_Price_3309.jpg
Macedon: Alexander III Arados Tetradrachm Price 3309Head of beardless Heracles right wearing lion skin headdress

AΛEΞANΔPOY BAΣIΛEΩΣ
Zeus seated on stool-throne left, eagle on outstretched right hand, sceptre in left hand AP monogram below throne

Arados,

328-320 BCE

17.14g

Price 3309

Late lifetime or early posthumous issue.

Ex-Barakat
9 commentsJay GT4
Bar.jpg
Judaea, Bar Kochba Revolt. Æ Small Bronze ShM`WN
Simon in Paleo-Hebrew, seven-branched palm tree with two bunches of dates.

L-HRWT YRWShLM
For the freedom of Jerusalem (Paleo-Hebrew), bunch of grapes with branch and small leaf.



Undated, attributed to year 3 (134/5 CE).

19mm; 4.46g

Hendin 6467 (6th); Hendin 1440 (5th)

All Bar Kokhba coins are over struck on contemporary coins circulating in Judaea at the time. A mint has not been found, but Herodium has been suggested (by Barag) as the location for the "regular" mint and Jerusalem for the "irregular" issues.

From David Hendin's "Guide to Biblical Coins 5th Edition":

"From the Roman point of view, both were irregular rebel mints. For the Bar Kokhba administration the "irregular" mint was a second, subsidiary, mint operating not at the central mint but at a different location, and there is no reason to assume that it was considered to be irregular. The occasional reference to these coins as "irregular" does not carry much weight. In the eyes of the Greeks and Romans all Jewish coinage was no doubt considered "irregular coinage"


Ex-Pavlos S. Pavlou
2 commentsJay GT4
Tarsos_stater.jpg
Persian Tarsos, Balakros. Satrap of CiliciaBaal of Tarsos seated left, holding lotus-tipped scepter, grain ear and grape bunch to left, ivy leaf to right B (Balakros) above, T below seat

Draped bust of Athena facing slihtly left, wearing triple-crested Attic helmet, single-pendant earring, and necklace

Tarsos, Cilicia

333-329 BCE

25.5mm; 10.72g

AR Stater

Casabornne Series 2; SNG Lenante supp. 21

EX- CNG e-Auction 485 lot 166
9 commentsJay GT4
Pontius_Pilate.jpg
Judaea Pontius Pilate PrutahTIBERPIOY KAICAPOC (of Tiberius Caesar) LIς (Year 16)
Libation ladle (simpulum).

IOYΛIA KAICAPOC (Julia [wife] of Caesar, referring to Julia Livia, mother of Tiberius).
Three bound ears of barley.

Jerusalem mint.

Dated LIς year 16 (29 CE)

1.61g

Hendin 648.

Ex-Barakat

Nice hard desert patina.
Jay GT4
Antonius_Felix.jpg
Judaea Antonius Felix PrutahTI KΛAYΔIOC KAICAP ΓEPM L IΔ (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus, year 14).
Two crossed palm branches surrounded by Greek inscription

IOY/ ΛIA AΓ/ PIΠΠI/ NA
Inscription in wreath (Julia Agrippina).

Jerusalem 54 C.E
2.35g

Hendin 651; Meshorer 342

Ex-Barakat
4 commentsJay GT4
Jewish_Revolt_Prutah.jpg
Judaea First revolt Prutah𐤔𐤍𐤕 𐤔𐤕𐤉𐤌
(Year Two) in ancient Hebrew script, amphora with broad rim and two handles.

𐤇‬𐤓𐤕 𐤔 𐤉𐤅𐤍
Freedom of Zion in ancient Hebrew, vine leaf on a small branch.

Jerusalem, April 67-March 68 CE

2.42g

Hendin 6389 (6th); Hendin 1360 (5th)


Ex-Barakat
6 commentsJay GT4
AtticaTetradrachm.jpg
Attica: Athens TetradrachmArchaic head of Athena r., with almond shaped eye, wearing crested helmet
ornamented with three olive leaves and floral scroll, wire necklace, round
earring.

ΑΘΕ right
owl standing right, head facing, erect in posture, prong tail, to left olive twig
and crescent, all within incuse square

16.8g

SNG Copenhagen 13; Sydenham 2526
ex-Time Machine Vcoins Sept 6, 2011

New Picture
5 commentsJay GT4
AlexanderTet.jpg
Macedon: Philip III TetradrachmHead of Herakles right, wearing Nemean Lion skin, scalp over head, forepaws tied at neck

Zeus Aëtophoros enthroned left, nude to the waist, himation around hips and legs, eagle in right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand, right leg drawn back, ΦIΛIΠΠOY downward on right, BAΣIΛEΩΣ in exergue, radiate head of Helios facing on left, KY under throne

Struck under Archon, Dokimos, or Seleukos I,

c. 323 - 317 B.C

Babylon mint, 17.056g, 29.2mm, die axis 90o,

Price P205, Müller Alexander P117, SNG Cop 1083, SNG Alpha Bank -, SNG Saroglos -

Ex-Forum!

Coins from this issue were struck in the names of both of Alexander the Great's co-ruling heirs. Most, including this example, were struck in the name of his brother Philip III, but some were struck in the name of his son Alexander IV. During this period, Archon, Dokimos, and Seleukos I ruled in succession as Macedonian satraps in Babylon. Archon was appointed satrap of Babylonia after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. Perdiccas suspected Archon of colluding in the theft of Alexander's corpse and, in 321 B.C., sent Dokimos to replace him. Archon was defeated and died from battle wounds. Seleucus, was made satrap by Perdiccas' rival Antipater, arrived in Babylon in October or November 320 B.C. and defeated Dokimos.

7 commentsJay GT4
halfshekel.jpg
Phonecia, Tyre half shekelLaureate bust of Melkart right

ΤΥΡΟΥ ΙΕΡΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΥΛΟΥ (of Tyre the holy and inviolable)
Eagle standing left on prow; palm over shoulder, club to the left, flanked by date LM (40) and monogram ΔP to the right.

Tyre; Year 40= 87/86 BC
6.98g

Sear 5921; BMC 225

Ex-HJB Buy or Bid Sale 206, lot 103 (Nov 15, 2018); Ex-Calgary Coin

Removed from NGC holder prior to HJB.
NGC graded Strike 4/5, Surface 3/5; NGC 4278263-010

According to the Mosaic law, every year, Jewish males over the age of 20, paid a half shekel tax in silver to the Temple in Jerusalem. Mention of this tax can be found in the Bible at Exodus 30:15 Of course, at the time of writing there were no coins in circulation and this tax was paid by weight in silver. By the 1st century BC the tax was paid in either the Tyrian shekel (enough for two people) or half-shekel (for himself). The Jewish Talmud required the tax to be paid with a coin of high purity silver. The only ones that conformed to this high standard were the 94% pure silver Tyrian shekels. Even though these coins depict images of Melkart (Phoenician Hercules) and an eagle, they were still accepted at the temple because of the silver content.
5 commentsJay GT4
ThasosTetradrachm.jpg
Thasos, Thrace TetradrachmHead of young Dionysos right, wreathed with ivy

HPAKΛEOYΣ ΣΩTHPOΣ ΘΑΣΙΩΝ
Heracles standing facing, head left, right hand resting on club, lion skin in left
Monogram in left field

34mm, 16.82g
Thasos
c. 148-90/80 BC
SNG Copenhagen 1040

ex-ANE

"Hercules is the savior of the people of Thasos!"
3 commentsJay GT4
siglosIII.jpg
Persian Achaemenid Siglos Type IIIKneeling-running figure of the Great King right, transverse spear with point downward in right, bow in left, bearded, crowned.

Incuse punch

Sardis mint. c. 490 - 475 BC

5.42g

Carradice Type IIIa. Darius I - Xerxes I

Possibly introduced in connection with the accession of Xerxes, c. 485 BC

Ex-Savoca Coin
2 commentsJay GT4
siglos3.jpg
Persian Achaemenid Siglos Type IVArtaxerxes I, Darius II or Artaxerxes II

King running right, holding dagger and bow, pellets on right arm. Cross shaped bankers stamp before

Incuse punch

5.42 grams.

c. 455 - 375 B.C

Carradice type IV a or b

Ex-Calgary Coin
3 commentsJay GT4
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