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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Byzantine Coins| ▸ |Comnen Dynasty| ▸ |Andronicus I||View Options:  |  |  | 

Andronicus I, September 1183 - 12 September 1185 A.D.

Andronicus was a wanderer and soldier of fortune. His reign was short and violent. When called to the throne to replace his cousin, Manuel I, he was determined to eliminate corruption. When the Normans sacked Thessalonica and Constantinople was threatened, Andronicus was killed by a mob.

|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||aspron| |trachy| |nomisma|
The maphorium (maphorion) was a loose sleeveless hooded outerwear mantel, cloak or shawl, worn by medieval women outdoors in public. The Virgin Mary is most often depicted wearing a maphorium, as seen in the icon below. It is a cloth which usually covers the head and is worn around the neck and chin. At many stages of medieval culture it was unseemly for a married woman to show her hair. A maphorium might be elaborately starched, and creased and folded in prescribed ways, even supported on wire or wicker framing.
BZ36595. Billon aspron trachy nomisma, DOC IV-1 3; SBCV 1985; CLBC I 5.3.1; Hendy pl. 18, 13; Grierson 1111; Morrisson BnF 62/Cp/(B)/03; Wroth BMC 5; Ratto 2168; Sommer 62.3, gVF, scyphate, weight 3.553 g, maximum diameter 29.3 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse the Virgin standing facing on dais, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium; she holds before her the nimbate head of the infant Christ, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONIKOC ΔECΠOTHC (or similar), Andronicus, on left, standing facing, wearing divitision and loros, labarum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand; Christ, on right, standing slightly left, IC - XC flanking, wearing pallium and colobium, Gospels in left hand, crowns emperor with right hand; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||half| |tetarteron|
Marchev and Watcher suggest the scarcity of this type my be due to limited or no minting during the Norman siege of Thessalonica.
BZ36572. Bronze half tetarteron, DOC IV-1 8; SBCV 1989; Hendy pl. 19, 4; Morrisson BnF - (p. 731); Wroth BMC 17-18; Ratto 2172; Sommer 62.6; CLBC I 5.4.4; Grierson 1115, F, ragged flan with edge splits, weight 1.909 g, maximum diameter 18.3 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ on her chest, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔP, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown, scaramangion and sagion, labarum (legionary vexillum standard with monogram of Christ) in left hand, globus cruciger in right hand; rare; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||tetarteron|
Andronicus was a wanderer and soldier of fortune. His reign was short and violent. When called to the throne to replace his cousin, Manuel I, he was determined to eliminate corruption. When the Normans sacked Thessalonica and Constantinople was threatened, Andronicus was killed by a mob.
BZ62298. Bronze tetarteron, DOC IV-1 6; Sommer 62.5; Hendy p. 19, 2; Morrisson BnF 62/Th/AE/01; Wroth BMC 13; CLBC I 5.4.2; Grierson 1113; Ratto 2171; SBCV 1987, gF, green patina, flan splits, weight 2.127 g, maximum diameter 21.5 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ at her waist, MHP (ligate) - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONI-KOC, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown scaramangion and sagion, vexillum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||tetarteron|
Pallium, an open vestment used by the Greeks and Romans as a cloak, or exterior garment. Some writers say it was of a round, others of a semi-circular form. It was so worn (and much nicety was displayed in its proper adjustment) as to be capable of covering the other habiliments, and even to envelop the whole person of a man. On coins the figures of the Virgin Mary, emperors and gods, sometimes appear clothed in the pallium.
BZ38864. Bronze tetarteron, DOC IV-1 6; Sommer 62.5; Hendy p. 19, 2; Morrisson BnF 62/Th/AE/01; Wroth BMC 13; CLBC I 5.4.2; Grierson 1113; Ratto 2171; SBCV 1987, F, near black patina with attractive red earthen highlighting, weight 3.556 g, maximum diameter 19.8 mm, die axis 150o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate infant Christ in her garment before her, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONIKOC, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown scaramangion and sagion, vexillum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||hyperpyron|
In 1185, Henry II of England knighted his heir John and sent him to Ireland to enforce English control. It was a disaster which united the scorned Irish chieftains against a common enemy. By the end of the year, John returned to England in defeat. Nonetheless, Henry had him named King of Ireland by Pope Urban III and procured a golden crown with peacock feathers.
SH73348. Gold hyperpyron, DOC IV-1 1; Hendy pl. 18, 9; Wroth BMC 1, Morrisson BnF 62/Cp/AV/1; Berk 355; Sommer 62.1, SBCV 1983; Ratto -, VF, scyphate, double struck, creases in margins, weight 4.437 g, maximum diameter 30.8 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse the Virgin seated facing on square-backed throne, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium; she holds before her the nimbate head of the infant Christ, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) flanking her head; reverse ANΔPONIKOC ΔECΠOTHC, Andronicus (on left) and Christ standing facing, Andronicus, with forked beard, wears crown and loros, labarum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand, Christ crowning him, wears nimbus and colobium, holds Gospels, IC - XC (Jesus Christ) flanking His head; from the Robert Watcher Collection; very scarce; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||tetarteron|
This type usually reads only ANΔPONI-KOC, without his title as despotes. None of the major references list this legend variant. Morrisson BnF lists the type with the title abbreviated ΔECΠ and from auctions we do know of a few other specimens with the full title.
BZ99286. Bronze tetarteron, Morrisson BnF 62/Th/AE/04 var.; DOC IV-1 6 var.; Wroth BMC 15 var.; Hendy pl. 19, 2 var.; Sommer 62.5 var.; SBCV 1987 var. (none this rev. legend), Nice VF, brown tone, highlighting deposits on obv., struck on a 7-sided cut planchet, small edge cracks, weight 5.882 g, maximum diameter 22.2 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, c. Jan - Jul 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ at her waist, MHP (ligate) - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONI - ΔECΠOTHC (Andronicus, despotes), half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown, scaramangion, and sagion, vexillum in right hand, globus cruciger with four pellet cross in left hand; from the S. Lindner Collection; rare legend variant; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||half| |tetarteron|
Marchev and Watcher suggest the scarcity of this type my be due to limited or no minting during the Norman siege of Thessalonica.
BZ95147. Bronze half tetarteron, CLBC 5.4.4; DOC IV-1 8; SBCV 1989; Hendy pl. 19, 4; Morrisson BnF - (p. 731); Wroth BMC 17-18; Ratto 2172; Sommer 62.6; Grierson 1115, aVF, weak strike, ragged flan with edge splits typical of type, weight 1.781 g, maximum diameter 16.1 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ on her chest, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPO, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown, scaramangion and sagion, labarum (legionary vexillum standard with monogram of Christ) in left hand, globus cruciger in right hand; from the S. Lindner Collection; rare; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Andronicus I, September 1183 - 12 September 1185 A.D.

|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||half| |tetarteron|
Marchev and Watcher suggest the scarcity of this type my be due to limited or no minting during the Norman siege of Thessalonica.
BZ82686. Bronze half tetarteron, DOC IV-1 8; SBCV 1989; Hendy pl. 19, 4; Morrisson BnF - (p. 731); Wroth BMC 17-18; Ratto 2172; Sommer 62.6; CLBC I 5.4.4; Grierson 1115, aVF, green patina, broad irregular flan, flan splits, some minor corrosion, weight 2.700 g, maximum diameter 19.0 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, veiled, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ on her chest, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse A-N, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown, scaramangion and sagion, labarum (legionary vexillum standard with monogram of Christ) in left hand, globus cruciger in right hand; from the S. Lindner Collection; rare; SOLD


Byzantine Empire, Andronicus I, September 1183 - 12 September 1185 A.D.

|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||tetarteron|
An apparently unpublished variety with this remarkable full reverse legend. This type usually reads only ANΔPONIKOC, without his title as despot. We do know of two other examples of this apparently very rare variant.
BZ95142. Bronze tetarteron, cf. DOC IV-1 6; Morrisson BnF 62/Th/AE/01; Wroth BMC 13; CLBC I 5.4.2; Grierson 1113; Ratto 2171; SBCV 1987 (none with this rev. legend), Choice VF, well centered on a broad heavy flan, full reverse legend, "obverse" struck with a punch die, weight 5.037 g, maximum diameter 22.3 mm, die axis 180o, Thessalonica (Salonika, Greece) mint, 1185 A.D.; obverse facing bust of the Virgin Orans, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium, the nimbate head of the infant Christ at her waist, MHP (ligate) - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONIKOC ΔECΠOTHC, half-length figure of Andronicus facing with forked beard, wearing crown scaramangion and sagion, vexillum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand; from the S. Lindner Collection; very rare variety; SOLD


|Andronicus| |I|, |Byzantine| |Empire,| |Andronicus| |I,| |September| |1183| |-| |12| |September| |1185| |A.D.||aspron| |trachy| |nomisma|
The maphorium (maphorion) was a loose sleeveless hooded outerwear mantel, cloak or shawl, worn by medieval women outdoors in public. The Virgin Mary is most often depicted wearing a maphorium, as seen in the icon below. It is a cloth which usually covers the head and is worn around the neck and chin. At many stages of medieval culture it was unseemly for a married woman to show her hair. A maphorium might be elaborately starched, and creased and folded in prescribed ways, even supported on wire or wicker framing.
BZ36582. Billon aspron trachy nomisma, DOC IV-1 3; SBCV 1985; CLBC I 5.3.1; Hendy pl. 18, 13; Grierson 1111; Morrisson BnF 62/Cp/(B)/03; Wroth BMC 5; Ratto 2168; Sommer 62.3, gVF, scyphate, nice legible reverse legend, some flat areas, weight 4.357 g, maximum diameter 30.3 mm, die axis 180o, Constantinople mint, Sep 1183 - 12 Sep 1185 A.D.; obverse the Virgin standing facing on dais, nimbate, wearing pallium and maphorium; she holds before her the nimbate head of the infant Christ, MP - ΘV (Greek abbreviation: MΗTΗP ΘΕOY - Mother of God) across field; reverse ANΔPONIKOC ΔECΠOTHC (or similar), Andronicus, on left, standing facing, wearing divitision and loros, labarum in right hand, globus cruciger in left hand; Christ, on right, standing slightly left, IC - XC on sides of nimbus, wearing pallium and colobium, Gospels in left hand, crowns emperor with right hand; SOLD








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REFERENCES

Bates, G. Archaeological Exploration of Sardis: Byzantine Coins. Sardis Monograph 1. (Cambridge, 1971).
Bellinger, A. Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection, Vol. IV, Part 1: Alexius I to Alexius V (1081-1204). (Washington D.C., 1966).
Berk, H. Roman Gold Coins of the Medieval World, 383 - 1453 A.D. (Joliet, IL, 1986).
Grierson, P. Byzantine Coins. (London, 1982).
Hendy, M. Coinage and Money in the Byzantine Empire 1081-1261. (Washington D.C., 1969).
Marchev, V. & R. Wachter. Catalogue of the Late Byzantine Coins, Vol. I, 1082 - 1261 AD. (Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, 2011).
Morrisson, C. Catalogue des Monnaies Byzantines de la Bibliothèque Nationale II, 711 - 1204. (Paris, 1970).
Ratto, R. Monnaies Byzantines et d'autre Pays contemporaines à l'époque byzantine. (Lugano, 1930).
Sabatier, J. Description générale des monnaies Byzantines. (Paris, 1863).
Sear, D. Byzantine Coins and Their Values. (London, 1987).
Sommer, A. Die Münzen des Byzantinischen Reiches 491-1453. Mit einem Anhang: Die Münzen des Kaiserreichs von Trapezunt. (Regenstauf, 2010).
Tolstoi, I. Monnaies byzantines. (St. Petersburg, 1913 - 1914).
Wroth, W. Catalogue of the Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum. (London, 1908).

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