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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Greek Coins| ▸ |Hellenistic Monarchies| ▸ |Kingdom of Persis||View Options:  |  |  |   

Kingdom of Persis

Persis was located in what is now southern Iran. "Persians" settled the area as early as the 8th century B.C. From the time after its conquest by Alexander the Great, Persis was most often quasi-independent, under the hegemony of a Seleukid or Parthian king. Immediately following Alexander's death, Persis was subject to the Seleucid Kingdom. About 290 B.C., Persis regained independence. The coins produced during this period were Greek-inspired, but inscriptions were Aramaic, symbolic of Persis' rejection of the Greek ruling class. Sometime between c. 250 and 223 B.C., the Seleucids regained control. Mithradates II later incorporated Persis as a sub-kingdom of Parthia. Under Parthian domination, the coins and appearance of the kings depicted on them assumed the Parthian style. The last King of Persis, Artaxerxes, defeated the Parthians and founded the Sassanian Empire.Persis_Map

Kingdom of Persis, Manchihr III, c. 150 - 200 A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Manchihr| |III,| |c.| |150| |-| |200| |A.D.||hemidrachm|
SH01371. Silver hemidrachm, Alram IP 644, aEF, weight 1.45 g, maximum diameter 15.0 mm, die axis 45o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 150 - 200 A.D.; obverse bust left in Parthian style tiara, Aramaic legend behind; reverse bust left wearing headdress, Aramaic legend around; minor flan crack; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Vadfradad III, c. 100 - 50 B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Vadfradad| |III,| |c.| |100| |-| |50| |B.C.||drachm|
"But afterwards different princes occupied different palaces; some, as was natural, less sumptuous, after the power of Persis had been reduced first by the Macedonians, and secondly still more by the Parthians. For although the Persians have still a kingly government, and a king of their own, yet their power is very much diminished, and they are subject to the king of Parthia." - Strabo, XV.3.3
GS06322. Silver drachm, Alram IP 561, EF+, boldly struck with high relief dies, weight 4.07 g, maximum diameter 18.0 mm, die axis 135o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 100 - 50 B.C.; obverse bust right wearing satrapal headdress; reverse king standing between fire altar and eagle standard, Ahura Mazda above, Aramaic legend around; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Pakor I, c. 1 - 50 A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Pakor| |I,| |c.| |1| |-| |50| |A.D.||drachm|
SH06332. Silver drachm, Alram IP 588, aEF/EF, weight 3.100 g, maximum diameter 28.5 mm, die axis 140o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 1 - 50; obverse diademed bust left;; reverse diademed bust left; large diameter scyphate flan; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Ardaxsir (Artaxerxes) IV, Late 2nd - Early 3rd Century A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Ardaxsir| |(Artaxerxes)| |IV,| |Late| |2nd| |-| |Early| |3rd| |Century| |A.D.||drachm|
Persis was located in what is now southern Iran. "Persians" settled the area as early as the 8th century B.C. From the time after its conquest by Alexander the Great, Persis was most often quasi-independent, under the hegemony of a Seleukid or Parthian king. The coins during the period of Seleukid domination were Greek-inspired, but inscriptions were Aramaic, symbolic of Persis' rejection of the Greek ruling class. After Mithradates II incorporated Persis as a sub-kingdom of Parthia, early in the 1st century B.C., the coins and appearance of the kings depicted on them took the Parthian style.
SH01370. Silver drachm, Sunrise 680 (same obv. die); Alram IP 650; Klose-Müseler -; Tyler-Smith -; BMC Arabia -, EF, weight 2.42 g, maximum diameter 20.4 mm, die axis 180o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, late 2nd - early 3rd century A.D.; obverse diademed bust left with hair knot, medium length squared beard, bust of king left, wearing diadem, neck torque, and cloak, three pellets upper left, Aramaic legend above and behind; reverse bust of king left, short beard, wearing Persepolitan crown with three turrets and diadem, neck torque, and cloak, Aramaic legend before and behind; BMC Arabia p. 224, 16; Tyler-Smith 74 - 77; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Ardaxsir (Artaxerxes) II, 1st Century B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Ardaxsir| |(Artaxerxes)| |II,| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||drachm|
The literary references to Persis are few. The order and dates of rulers are still uncertain. Coins are by far the best and most prolific source of information about these kings.
SH56733. Silver drachm, Alram IP 570; Klose-Müseler 4/10; Sunrise 598; BMC Arabia p. 222, 2; Tyler-Smith -, VF, weight 3.904 g, maximum diameter 19.3 mm, die axis 45o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, 1st Century B.C.; obverse diademed bust of king right, wearing crown with three turrets, three diadem ties, torque of three segments, Tyler-Smith monogram 2 behind; reverse Aramaic inscription: Araxsir king son [of] Darev king, king standing left before fire altar, holding scepter; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Ardaxsir (Artaxerxes) II, 1st Century B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Ardaxsir| |(Artaxerxes)| |II,| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||drachm|
The coinage of the Kings of Persis consists in individualized portraits of the rulers on the obverse, and often the rulers shown in a devotional role on the reverse, before a sacred edifice or a fire-alter. The style of the coins is often influenced by Parthian coinage, particularly in respect to the dress and the headgear of the rulers. A reverse legend in Aramaic, using the Aramaic script, gives the name of the ruler and his title (mlk': King), and often his relationship to a preceding ruler. The coin legends are written from right to left, wrapping the central scene in a counterclock-wise manner.
SH06331. Silver drachm, Alram IP 570; Klose-Müseler 4/10; Sunrise 598; BMC Arabia p. 222, 2; Tyler-Smith -, EF, weight 3.89 g, maximum diameter 22.9 mm, die axis 90o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, 1st Century B.C.; obverse crowned king right, dot within crescent and other symbols behind; reverse king right of fire altar holding scepter, Aramaic legend around; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Pakor I, c. 1 - 50 A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Pakor| |I,| |c.| |1| |-| |50| |A.D.||drachm|
Persis was located in what is now southern Iran. "Persians" settled the area as early as the 8th century B.C. From the time after its conquest by Alexander the Great, Persis was most often quasi-independent, under the hegemony of a Seleukid or Parthian king. Immediately following Alexander's death, Persis was subject to the Seleucid Kingdom. About 290 B.C., Persis regained independence. The coins produced during this period were Greek-inspired, but inscriptions were Aramaic, symbolic of Persis' rejection of the Greek ruling class. Sometime between c. 250 and 223 B.C., the Seleucids regained control. Mithradates II later incorporated Persis as a sub-kingdom of Parthia. Under Parthian domination, the coins and appearance of the kings depicted on them assumed the Parthian style. The last King of Persis, Artaxerxes, defeated the Parthians and founded the Sassanian Empire.
SH01385. Silver drachm, Alram IP 592, Choice EF, weight 3.76 g, maximum diameter 19.7 mm, die axis 0o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 1 - 50 A.D.; obverse diademed bust left, symbols before; reverse diademed bust left; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Nambed, c. 25 - 75 A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Nambed,| |c.| |25| |-| |75| |A.D.||drachm|
Persis was located in what is now southern Iran. "Persians" settled the area as early as the 8th century B.C. From the time after its conquest by Alexander the Great, Persis was most often quasi-independent, under the hegemony of a Seleukid or Parthian king. Immediately following Alexander's death, Persis was subject to the Seleucid Kingdom. About 290 B.C., Persis regained independence. The coins produced during this period were Greek-inspired, but inscriptions were Aramaic, symbolic of Persis' rejection of the Greek ruling class. Sometime between c. 250 and 223 B.C., the Seleucids regained control. Mithradates II later incorporated Persis as a sub-kingdom of Parthia. Under Parthian domination, the coins and appearance of the kings depicted on them assumed the Parthian style. The last King of Persis, Artaxerxes, defeated the Parthians and founded the Sassanian Empire.
SH01423. Silver drachm, Alram IP 600, Choice EF, weight 3.78 g, maximum diameter 20.8 mm, die axis 270o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 25 - 75 A.D.; obverse crowned and diademed bust left; reverse crowned king standing right, star and crescent before him; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Darev (Darios) II, 1st Century B.C.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Darev| |(Darios)| |II,| |1st| |Century| |B.C.||hemidrachm|
The coinage of the Kings of Persis consists in individualized portraits of the rulers on the obverse, and often the rulers shown in a devotional role on the reverse, before a sacred edifice or a fire-alter. The style of the coins is often influenced by Parthian coinage, particularly in respect to the dress and the headgear of the rulers. A reverse legend in Aramaic, using the Aramaic script, gives the name of the ruler and his title (mlk': King), and often his relationship to a preceding ruler. The coin legends are written from right to left, wrapping the central scene in a counterclock-wise manner.
SH01381. Silver hemidrachm, Tyler-Smith type 1b, 11; Alram IP 565, F, weight 1.79 g, maximum diameter 13.9 mm, die axis 0o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 1st century B.C.; obverse bust of bearded king left, wearing Parthian-style tiara, ornamented with crescent and diadem; reverse king right of lit altar holding scepter, Aramaic legend around; SOLD


Kingdom of Persis, Napad, c. 50 - 100 A.D.

|Kingdom| |of| |Persis|, |Kingdom| |of| |Persis,| |Napad,| |c.| |50| |-| |100| |A.D.||drachm|
According to Strabo, the early kings of Persis were tributaries to the Seleucid rulers, until c.140 BC, when the Parthians conquered the region:

"The Persians have kings who are subject to other kings, formerly of the kings of Macedonia, but now to the kings of the Parthians." - Strabo XV 3.24
SH06323. Silver drachm, Alram IP 612, EF/aEF, weight 3.33 g, maximum diameter 16.9 mm, die axis 270o, Persepolis (Fars Province, Iran) mint, c. 50 - 100 A.D.; obverse bust left wearing Parthian style tiara; reverse diademed bust left, Aramaic legend around; SOLD




  




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REFERENCES

Alram, M. Iranisches Personennamenbuch: Nomina Propria Iranica In Nummis. Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften. (Wien, 1986).
Classical Numismatic Group. "An American Collection fo the Kings of Persis" in CNG Auction 90, Internet and Mail Bid Sale, 23 May 2012, pp. 162 - 173.
De Morgan, J. Monnaies orientales: numismatique de la Perse antique. (Paris, 1927-1933).
Hill, G. Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum: Arabia, Mesopotamia and Persia. (London, 1922).
Klose, D. & W. Müseler. Die Münzen aus Persepolis von Alexander dem Großen zu den Sasaniden. (Munich, 2008).
Mitchiner, M. Oriental Coins: the Ancient and Classical World. (London, 1978).
Gyselen, R. ed. New Evidence for Sasanian Numismatics: The Collection of Ahmad Saeedi. (Leuven, Belgium, 2004).
Sear, D. Greek Coins and Their Values, Volume 2, Asia and Africa. (London, 1979).
Sear, D. Greek Imperial Coins and Their Values. (London, 1982).
Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum, Denmark, The Royal Collection of Coins and Medals, Danish National Museum, Vol. 7: Cyprus to India. (West Milford, NJ, 1982).
Tyler-Smith, S. "A parcel of Persis drachms, half drachms and obols" in Numismatic Chronicle 164 (2004), pp. 253 - 271.

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