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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |Crisis & Decline| ▸ |Salonina||View Options:  |  |  | 

Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D., Wife of Gallienus

Salonina was the wife of emperor Gallienus. A very beautiful and intelligent woman, she was extremely loyal to her husband. Opinion is divided as to whether she was murdered in the purge of Gallienus family after his murder, or if she survived.

|Salonina|, |Salonina,| |Augusta| |254| |-| |c.| |September| |268| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Juno was the chief female divinity in the Roman pantheon. She was the wife of Jupiter and a member of the Capitoline Triad. She had many different aspects, such as Juno Moneta, Juno Sospita, and Juno Lucina, but here she is depicted as Juno Regina, "Juno the Queen." Juno is usually shown holding a patera, scepter or a statuette of Athena, and is often accompanied by a peacock.

In matters of lettering and iconography, RIC V-1 29 (Rome) and 64 (Antioch) are identical. The only way to separate the two is on the basis of style, which the crudely rendered 'Ns' on the obverse are but one piece of evidence in favor of Rome, with the generally larger size of every individual element of the coin being another. It is a bit like the nerdy way of sorting 1982 brass Lincoln cents from their copper-plated zinc counterparts, based on style also rather than tediously weighing each coin.
RA114445. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 227b, Cunetio 830 (3 spec.) RIC V-1 29, RSC IV 60, Hunter IV 5, SRCV III 10640, aVF, low relief with areas of weakness and an unusually crude representation of Juno, weight 2.533 g, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, die axis 0o, Rome mint, 257 - 258 A.D.; obverse SALONINA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in horizontal ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head, crescent behind shoulders; reverse IVNO REGINA, Juno standing left, patera in right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left hand; $45.00 (€42.30)
 


|Salonina|, |Salonina,| |Augusta| |254| |-| |c.| |September| |268| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Sulla, in a dream, was the first to see Venus as Venus Victrix (victorious Venus) with the weapons of Mars. He made her his patroness. Pompey inaugurated the cult of Venus Victrix in Rome. The night before the battle of Pharsalus 48 B.C. Pompey dreamed of Venus Victrix, seemingly a lucky sign. That night Caesar sacrificed to Venus Genetrix, but issued Venus Victrix as the watch word. Caesar was victorious in the battle!
RS63882. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 506s, RIC V-1 S31, SRCV III 10660, RSC IV -, Hunter IV -, Cunetio -, EF, weight 2.516 g, maximum diameter 20.6 mm, die axis 30o, Rome mint, 262 A.D.; obverse SALONINA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head, crescent behind shoulders; reverse VENVS VICTRIX (victorious Venus), Venus standing left, helmet in right hand, transverse scepter in left hand, shield behind at feet on right, captive (or Cupid) seated left at feet; extremely rare; SOLD


Salonina, Augusta 254 - c. September 268 A.D.

|Salonina|, |Salonina,| |Augusta| |254| |-| |c.| |September| |268| |A.D.||antoninianus|
Although many coin references classify Fecunditas as a personification of fertility rather than as an actual deity, Fecunditas was recognized as a Roman divinity by Nero, who erected a statue to her. Tacitus notes that upon the birth of Claudia Neronis, the senate decreed the construction of a temple of Fertility to be built at Antium. Fecunditas is always portrayed as a female figure holding a child, or children and often a scepter, cornucopia, palm branch or caduceus. Sometimes the children are depicted standing at her feet. Coins portraying her usually advertise the fertility of the imperial family.
RS91844. Billon antoninianus, Göbl MIR 935t, RIC V-1 J57, RSC IV 44, Hunter IV J8, SRCV III -, EF, very unusual portrait, nice white metal, flow lines, uneven toning, weak centers at temple and Fecunditas' head, slightly off center, closed edge crack, weight 3.379 g, maximum diameter 22.6 mm, die axis 0o, Mediolanum (Milan) mint, c. 258 - 260 A.D.; obverse SALONINA AVG, draped bust right, wearing stephane, hair in ridges and in plait looped below ear up the back of head, crescent behind shoulders; reverse FECVNDITAS AVG, Fecunditas standing facing, head right, reaching down with right hand to child at her feet, infant in left hand; SOLD







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OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

CORNELIASALONINAAVGVSTA
CORNELIASALONINAAVG
CORNELSALONINAAVG
CORNSALONINAAVG
CORSALONINA
CORSALONINAAVG
SALONINAAVG


REFERENCES|

Besly, E. & R. Bland. The Cunetio Treasure: Roman Coinage of the Third Century AD. (London, 1983).
Bland, R., ed. The Chalfont Hoard and Other Roman Coin Hoards. CHRB IX. (London, 1992).
Bourdel, B. Les Antoniniens emis sous le regne conjoint des empereurs Valerien et Gallien, Mariniane, Salonine, Valerien II, Salonin (253-260 Apr. J.-C.). (2017).
Calicó, X. The Roman Avrei, Vol. Two: From Didius Julianus to Constantius I, 193 AD - 335 AD. (Barcelona, 2003).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Volume 5: Gordian I to Valerian II. (Paris, 1885).
Elmer, G. "Die Münzprägung der gallischen Kaiser von Postumus bis Tetricus in Köln, Trier und Mailand." in Bonner Jahrbücher 146 (1941).
Göbl, R. et al. Moneta Imperii Romani, Band 35: Die Münzprägung des Kaiser Valerianus I/Gallienus/Saloninus (253/268), Regalianus (260) un Macrianus/Quietus (260/262). (Vienna, 2000).
Mattingly, H., E. Sydenham, & P. Webb. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Vol V, |Part| I, Valerian to Florian. (London, 1927).
Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE) http://numismatics.org/ocre/
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. IV. Valerian I to Allectus. (Oxford, 1978).
Schaad, D. & J. Lafaurie. Le trésor d'Eauze. (Toulouse, 1992).
Seaby, H. & D. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume IV, Gordian III to Postumus. (London, 1982).
Sear, D. Roman Coins and Their Values, Volume Three, The Accession of Maximinus I to the Death of Carinus AD 235 - AD 285. (London, 2005).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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