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Home ▸ Catalog ▸ |Roman Coins| ▸ |The Late Empire| ▸ |Gratian||View Options:  |  |  |   

Gratian, 24 August 367 - 25 August 383 A.D.

Gratian, son of Valentinian I, became the sole ruler of the Western empire in 375 A.D., and after the catastrophic defeat of the Roman forces at Hadrianopolis, the Eastern empire also came under his rule. To better cope with the empire, he elevated general Theodosius to the Eastern throne. Because of a shortage of coinage to meet the payroll, Gratian was abandoned by his troops during the revolt of Magnus Maximus. He was overtaken and killed while fleeing to the Alps.

|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||siliqua|
After Valentinian died on 17 November 375, the troops in Pannonia proclaimed his infant son (by a second wife Justina) emperor under the title of Valentinian II. Gratian acquiesced in their choice; reserving for himself the administration of the Gallic provinces, he handed over Italy, Illyricum and Africa to Valentinian and his mother, who fixed their residence at Mediolanum. The division, however, was merely nominal, and the real authority remained in the hands of Gratian.
RL34995. Silver siliqua, RIC IX Aquileia 15(b)3, RSC V 87f, SRCV V 19968, Choice aEF, toned, bold, near perfectly centering, weight 2.298 g, maximum diameter 18.5 mm, die axis 0o, Aquileia mint, 17 Nov 375 - 9 Aug 378 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VRBS ROMA (City of Rome), Roma seated left on cuirass, helmeted, draped, Victory offering wreath on globe in right hand, reversed spear behind in left, star right, AQPS• in exergue; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||siliqua|
"'Siliqua' (pl: siliquae), the smallest Roman unit of weight measurement (equal to 1/144 of a Roman ounce - 1/1728 of a pound) was applied about 323 to the silver coins (93-97% fine) which Constantine I struck. By 324 the solidus was the Roman gold unit (struck at 1/72 of a pound) and was tariffed at 24 silver coins. Thus 'siliqua' was applied to the silver, since it was equal to 1/24 of 1/72 of a pound of gold, or 1/1728 of a pound of gold. Originally struck at 3.15 gms and 18-20 mms, between 355 and 360 they were reduced by Constantius II to about 2.0 gms and remained at that weight into Byzantine times." - Moneta Historical Research by Thomas Schroer
RL74060. Silver siliqua, RIC IX Aquileia 27(f)1 or 45(c)1, RSC V 86a, Hunter V 5, SRCV V 19964, gVF, well centered and struck, toned, scratches and scrape, flan crack, weight 1.800 g, maximum diameter 17.5 mm, die axis 225o, Treveri (Trier, Germany) mint, 24 Aug 367 - 9 Aug 378 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VRBS ROMA (City of Rome), Roma seated left on throne, Victory on globe offering wreath in right hand, long scepter vertical behind in left, TRPS• in exergue; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||maiorina|
Gratian prohibited Pagan worship at Rome; refused to wear the insignia of the pontifex maximus as unbefitting a Christian; removed the Altar of Victory from the Senate House at Rome, despite protests of the pagan members of the Senate, and confiscated its revenues; forbade legacies of real property to the Vestals; and abolished other privileges belonging to them and to the pontiffs. Nevertheless he was still deified after his death.
RL57045. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 42(b), LRBC II 2679, VF, weight 4.719 g, maximum diameter 23.5 mm, die axis 180o, 1st officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 9 Aug 378 - 25 Aug 383 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse REPARATIO REIPVB, emperor standing facing, head left, right hand raising kneeling turreted woman, Victory on globe in left hand, ANTA in exergue; attractive Syrian patina; SOLD


Gratian, 24 August 367 - 25 August 383 A.D., Brockage Mint Error

|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.,| |Brockage| |Mint| |Error||half| |centenionalis|
A brockage mint error occurs when a blank is struck with a previously struck coin which adhered to the opposite die. Click here to read a detailed explanation.
RL56303. Bronze half centenionalis, VF, weight 1.142 g, maximum diameter 13.5 mm, obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse brockage incuse image of obverse; rare; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||siliqua|
In England, where many siliquae are found clipped, silver Roman coins apparently continued to circulate long after the Empire abandoned the island. Clipping may not have been primarily intended to deviously obtain a little silver. Clipping may have actually been performed primarily to make the weight and value equivalent to contemporary coins in the medieval period.
RL84419. Silver siliqua, SRCV V 19966 ff. (various mints), RSC V 87 (same), aVF, clipped, weight 0.946 g, maximum diameter 12.6 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain (mintmark off flan) mint, c. 375 - 379 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VRBS ROMA (City of Rome), Roma seated left on cuirass, Victory on globe offering wreath in right hand, reversed spear behind in left; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||maiorina|
In 380, Rome's enemies the Germans, Sarmatians and Huns were taken into Imperial service; barbarian leaders began to play an increasingly active role in the Roman Empire.
RL57005. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Antioch 40(a)1, LRBC II 2712, SRCV V 2000, Cohen VIII 25, VF, weight 4.465 g, maximum diameter 24.3 mm, die axis 0o, 2nd officina, Antioch (Antakya, Turkey) mint, 378 - 383 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, helmeted, diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right holding spear and shield; reverse GLORIA ROMANORVM (glory of the Romans), Emperor standing facing in galley, head right, raising right hand, cloak flying behind, Victory seated steering at stern, wreath left, ANTB in exergue; scarce; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||maiorina|
The actual denomination of this type is unknown. AE 2 means, bronze size 2. This is a modern designation used by Roman coin collectors. AE 2 is a larger denomination than most coins of the period (AE3s and AE4s).
RL91661. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Alexandria 6a, SRCV V 20001, LRBC II 2875, Cohen VIII 25, Hunter V -, VF, well centered, mild crackled corrosion, weight 5.661 g, maximum diameter 23.0 mm, die axis 180o, 1st officina, Alexandria mint, 9 Aug 378 - 25 Aug 383 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, helmeted, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right holding spear; reverse GLORIA ROMANORVM (glory of the Romans), emperor standing facing in a galley left, head right, raising right hand, Victory seated at the helm steering, wreath left, ALEA in exergue; from the Maxwell Hunt Collection; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||siliqua|
In England, where many siliquae are found clipped, silver Roman coins apparently continued to circulate long after the Empire abandoned the island. Clipping may not have been primarily intended to deviously obtain a little silver. Clipping may have actually been performed primarily to make the weight and value equivalent to contemporary coins in the medieval period.
RS84415. Silver siliqua, SRCV V 19966 ff. (various mints), RSC V 87 (same), VF, toned, clipped, weight 1.163 g, maximum diameter 13.8 mm, die axis 0o, uncertain (mintmark off flan) mint, c. 375 - 379 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse VRBS ROMA (City of Rome), Roma seated left on cuirass, Victory on globe offering wreath in right hand, reversed spear behind in left; SOLD


Gratian, 24 August 367 - 25 August 383 A.D.

|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||maiorina|
A larger bronze denomination for the period.
RL56319. Bronze maiorina, RIC IX Siscia 26(a), gVF, weight 4.413 g, maximum diameter 22.9 mm, die axis 180o, Siscia (Sisak, Croatia) mint, 9 Aug 378 - 25 Aug 383 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust right; reverse REPARATIO REIPVB, emperor standing facing, head left, right hand raising kneeling turreted woman, Victory on globe in left hand, BSISC in exergue; SOLD


|Gratian|, |Gratian,| |24| |August| |367| |-| |25| |August| |383| |A.D.||centenionalis|
They look similar, but there is a significant physical difference between angels and Victory. Angels are all male. Victory (Nike) is female. On Byzantine coinage, the male angel replaced the female Victory after the reunion with Rome was concluded on 28 March 519 A.D.
RL73832. Bronze centenionalis, RIC IX Rome 24(c)xvi (S), LRBC II 726, SRCV V 20106, Cohen VIII 34, VF, well centered, green patina, mild porosity, light marks, weight 2.334 g, maximum diameter 17.8 mm, die axis 0o, 4th officina, Rome mint, 24 Aug 367 - 17 Nov 375 A.D.; obverse D N GRATIANVS P F AVG, pearl-diademed draped and cuirassed bust right, from front; reverse SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE (security of the Republic), Victory walking left, wreath in right hand, palm frond in left hand, SM leaf RQ in exergue; SOLD




  




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OBVERSE| LEGENDS|

DNGRATIANVSAVG
DNGRATIANVSAVGGAVG
DNGRATIANVSPFAVG


REFERENCES|

Carson, R., P. Hill & J. Kent. Late Roman Bronze Coinage. (London, 1960).
Cohen, H. Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l'Empire Romain, Vol. 8: Nepotian to Romulus Augustus, plus tesserae & cotorniates. (Paris, 1888).
Depeyrot, G. Les monnaies d'or de Constantin II à Zenon (337-491). Moneta 5. (Wetteren, 1996).
Hahn, Wolfgang. Moneta Imperii Romani-Byzantinii. (Vienna, 1989).
King, C.E. & D.R. Sear. Roman Silver Coins, Volume V, Carausius to Romulus Augustus. (London, 1987).
Paolucci, R. & A. Zub. La monetazione di Aquileia Romana. (Padova, 2000).
Pearce, J.W.E. The Roman Imperial Coinage, Volume IX, Valentinian I - Theodosius I. (London 1933).
Robinson, A. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow, Vol. V. Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. (Oxford, 1982).
Sear, D.R. Roman Coins and Their Values, Vol. V: The Christian Empire...Constantine II to Zeno, AD 337 - 491. (London, 2014).
Vagi, D. Coinage and History of the Roman Empire. (Sidney, 1999).

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