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Kamarina was founded in 598 B.C., as a colony of Syracuse. Fifty years later, the colony rebelled against Syracuse and was destroyed. In 495 and again in 485 the site was resettled by colonists from Gela. Kamarina suffered plagues and a marsh north of the city was the suspected source. The town oracle advised them not to drain the marsh, but in 405 B.C., the leaders ignored the advice. Once the marsh was dry, there was nothing to stop the Carthaginian army. They marched across the newly drained marsh, razed the city, and killed every last remaining inhabitant. Inhabitants that had escaped before the slaughter paid the Carthaginians to free the city and returned. Kamarina was sacked by the Mamertines in 280, taken again by Carthage in 259, and in 258 the remaining residents were killed or sold into slavery by Rome.